RU2111855C1 - Thermomould for production of prestressed reinforced concrete products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: industry of building materials, in particular, thermoulds with covers for production of prestressed reinforced concrete products. SUBSTANCE: thermomould has a cover, thermoedges and a thermotray containing detachable stops with grooves for reinforcement at the ends, and furnished with power and additional thermocompartments for heat-transfer agent and refrigerant respectively; the additional thermocompartments are arranged on both sides of the power thermocompartment and communicate with each other and thermocompartment of the cover, having a pressure regulator and outlet branch-pipes at the outlet. The mould is made of independent systems of mutually crossing power thermocompartments passing through the thermotray and furnished with stops at the ends with grooves for stressed reinforcement through which the thermotray is connected to the end edges. EFFECT: expanded technological capacities. 8 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the building materials industry, in particular, to thermoforms with covers for the manufacture of prestressed reinforced concrete products. There are various types of steel thermoforms for the manufacture of prestressed concrete [1].

 The closest in technical essence to the proposed thermoform is a thermoform for the manufacture of prestressed concrete products, consisting of a lid, thermal boards and a thermal tray containing removable stops with grooves for fittings at the ends and equipped with power and additional thermal compartments, respectively, for the coolant and refrigerant, when additional thermal compartments are located on both sides of the power thermal compartment and communicate with each other and with the cover thermal compartment, which has a gearbox and output branch pipes [2].

 However, the design of this thermoform makes it possible to pre-fabricate those stressed reinforced concrete products in which concrete is only in a linear stressed state, for example, bendable elements of the beam type — slabs, beams, crossbars, etc. In this case, the physicomechanical properties of concrete are not fully utilized. In other words, this thermoform does not allow the manufacture of prestressed reinforced concrete elements, for example slabs, supported along the contour, working in two main planes, i.e. with a flat stress state of concrete, where the bearing capacity of structures is significantly higher and allows to obtain a certain saving of concrete and steel.

 The aim of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of thermoforms.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known thermoform for the manufacture of prestressed reinforced concrete products, consisting of a cover, thermal boards and a thermal tray containing removable stops with grooves for fittings at the ends and equipped with power and additional thermal compartments, respectively, for the coolant and refrigerant, while additional thermal compartments are located on both sides of the power thermo-compartment and communicate with each other and with the thermo-compartment of the cover, having a gearbox and outlet pipes at the output, the mold design is made of n independent systems of mutually cross power thermo compartments passing through a thermal pallet and provided at the ends with stops with slots for prestressing fittings, through which the thermal pallet is connected to the end walls.

 Comparative analysis with the prototype thermoform allows us to conclude that the inventive thermoform for the manufacture of prestressed concrete products is characterized in that the mold design is made of independent systems of mutually cross power thermo compartments passing through the thermal pallet and provided at the ends with stops with grooves for prestressed reinforcement through which the thermal pallet connected to the end walls.

 Thus, the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty." Comparison of the proposed solution with other technical solutions shows that various designs of thermoforms for the manufacture of prestressed concrete products are known, however, in the proposed thermoform, the power thermo compartments create prestressing in the reinforcement of the reinforced concrete product due to linear temperature elongation and thereby carry the functions of power equipment for tensioning fittings. When cooling the thermal compartments (concrete cooling period), the latter acquire the functions of a device for the smooth release of stressed reinforcement to concrete.

 In addition, the thermal tray in the proposed thermoform, using the heat of the heat compartments and the circulation of the refrigerant, is a device for heat treatment of concrete and at the same time carries the functions of a supporting device, i.e. serves as a support for power thermal compartments. Thus, the claimed solution meets the criterion of "significant differences".

 In FIG. 1 to 8 show schematically the construction of a thermoform, with FIG. 1 shows a thermoform without a thermal cover and without concrete, and in FIG. 2 - without thermal cover.

 The proposed thermoform (see Fig. 1-4) consists of power thermo compartments 1 passing through the thermal tray 2 and equipped with input 3 and output 4 collectors for supply and exit of coolant T.

 Thermal compartments 1 are connected at the ends with power stops 5, which have grooves for tensile reinforcement with anchors at the ends 6 of the reinforced concrete product 7 being manufactured.

 A group of power thermal compartments connected to the same power stops forms an independent system of thermal compartments. A fixed 8 and movable 9 end walls containing grooves for tensile reinforcement 6 are installed on the thermal tray 2. The hinged locks of the end walls 9 are connected to the thermal tray 2 through the holes 10 in the power stops 5 (see Fig. 2, Fig. 3). To seal the thermal tray 2 at the places of passage through its outer walls of the power thermo compartments 1, gaskets 11 are provided (see FIG. 6), made, for example, of poronite, to which the nuts 12 of the power thermo compartments 1 are pressed tightly. FIG. Figure 7 shows an independent power thermo compartment 1, the stability of which is ensured by stiffeners 13 and linings 14. On the supporting elements of the thermo compartment 1, nuts 12 are worn in the free zone of the thermal tray 12. At the bottom of the thermal tray 2 has inlet pipes 15 for refrigerant X, which passes through the entire the thermal tray 2 (see Fig. 3), exits through the pipe 16 of the fixed end thermal side 8 and communicates with the thermal compartment 17 of the cover 18, which has a gearbox 19 with the pipe 20. The pipes 16 are made for sealing purposes with the thermal compartment 17 of the roofs ki 18 conical section (see Fig. 5) with elastic covers 21 on them, made, for example, of heat-resistant rubber. In turn, the lower wall of the thermo-compartment 17 at the points of passage of the nozzles 16 of the end wall 8 has a bell 22, which, when the lid 18 is installed in the design position, provides sealing for the refrigerant.

 The cover 18 has mounting loops 23.

 The figures do not show additional parts or gaskets to ensure sealing of the gap in the places where the fittings 6 pass through the end walls 9 and 8, locks for attaching the cover 18 to the thermal pallet 2, as well as thermal insulation of pipelines and side walls of the thermal pallet 2.

 The proposed thermoform for the manufacture of prestressed concrete products works as follows.

Open the end walls 9 (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2), lubricate the formwork surface for the reinforced concrete product 7, after which the reinforcement 6 with anchors at the ends is tightly installed in the grooves of the power stops 5 and the end wall 8. Close the sides 9 of the thermoform and turn on the circulation system of the heated coolant T to begin to tension the reinforcement 6. For this, the input manifolds 3 and the power thermo compartments 1 continuously supply the coolant with a heating temperature of 250 - 300 ^o C and due to the linear temperature extension of the thermo compartments 1, the reinforcement 6 of the reinforced concrete is tensioned 7. Tensioning product valves operate during the first three minutes, the last 20-40 with the coolant temperature is increased by 10 - 15 ^o C to compensate for voltage losses in the arm round of relaxation.

 Next, the concrete is laid and compacted in the formwork of the product 7. Close the thermoform with a lid 18 so that the outlet pipes of the refrigerant X 16 of the bead 8 go into the holes with the bell 22 of the heat compartment 17 to the upper surface of the concrete of the product 7.

 By turning on the refrigerant circulation system X, the concrete 7 is heat-treated. The preheated refrigerant (air) is fed through the inlet pipes 15 to the thermal tray 2, where it flows around the heated power thermal compartments 1, receives additional heat and heats the concrete wall of the thermal tray 2 at the same time. 7 bottom. Passing further through the end board 8 to the heat compartment 7 of the cover 18 of the refrigerant X heats the upper surface of the concrete of the product 7. The gearbox 19 controls the rate of exit of the refrigerant from the thermoform and thereby withstand a specific heat treatment of the concrete of the product 7.

 Heat treatment of concrete is carried out before the start of the cooling period for the heat treatment of concrete, while the high-temperature coolant is continuously fed into the power heat compartments 1 to provide a predetermined prestress in the reinforcement 6. At the end of the concrete heat treatment (the beginning of the cooling period), the heated coolant is supplied to the power heat compartments and simultaneously the system is stopped circulation of the coolant T and the refrigerant X are transferred to the cooling mode, i.e. The cooled heat carrier and the refrigerant are supplied to the power heat compartments 1 and to the thermal tray 2 in order to withstand the cooling period of the concrete heat treatment mode.

 When the power thermal compartments 1 cool down, they are shortened and thereby smooth release of all stressed reinforcing bars 6 in two main planes is carried out at once creates a flat stress state of the concrete product 7. After that, turn off the circulation system of the cooled coolant T and refrigerant X, open the lid 18 and the end walls 9, trim the reinforcement 6, and the finished prestressed concrete product 7 is transported to the warehouse.

 Using the proposed thermoform for the manufacture of prestressed concrete products in comparison with the prototype provides efficiency in the following areas.

 1. The simplicity of the design of the proposed thermoform significantly reduces the complexity of its manufacture.

 2. The heat removal by the refrigerant X from the power thermal compartments during the heating of the concrete increases, which improves the quality of the heat treatment.

 3. There is a possibility of manufacturing one or several several prestressed reinforced concrete products at both linear and flat stresses of the concrete state of the product.

 4. Due to the flat stress state of the concrete product increases its bearing capacity, which creates savings in concrete and reinforcement.

Claims (1)

1.  A thermoform for the manufacture of prestressed reinforced concrete products, consisting of a lid, thermal flanges and a thermal pallet, containing removable stops with grooves for fittings at the ends and equipped with power and additional thermal compartments for the coolant and coolant, respectively, with additional thermal compartments located on both sides of the power thermal compartment and communicate between itself and with a thermal compartment of the cover having an output gear and output nozzles, characterized in that the design of the mold is made of independent systems by mutually cross power termootsekov passing through termopoddon and equipped at the ends with abutments for the prestressed reinforcement grooves through which termopoddon connected to the end flanges.

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