RU2103647C1 - Cartridge for sporting underwater firing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: small arms for sporting underwater firing. SUBSTANCE: the cartridge has a cartridge case with a primer, bulk charge and a bullet. Two cylinders are made on the elongated part of the bullet, the diameter of the bullet tail section exceeds the inside diameter of the case mouth by the interference value. The diameter of the guide section exceeds the diameter of the tail section, but it is less than the outside diameter of the case mouth. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of small arms and is aimed at creating a cartridge for sporting underwater shooting, providing for the maximum technological standardization with standard live ammunition, but excluding the possibility of firing a live ammunition from a sporting underwater weapon.

 For firing in the aquatic environment, a cartridge with a relatively long bullet (10-25 gauge length) is used, for example, US patent N 3434425, class. 102-92.1, ensuring flight stability on the trajectory due to the stabilizer with ring plumage. It should be noted that the design of such a bullet is very complex from a technological point of view. A cartridge for underwater firing with a long bullet is also known, the stabilization of which is ensured by a hydrodynamic cavity, i.e. the bullet creates a cavern when moving, in which it vibrates until the cavern closes on the body of the bullet.

 For example, a 4.5 mm cartridge for underwater firing from an SSP-1 pistol or an APS submachine gun (Technique for Youth. 1994, No. 5) is known, which is a prototype of the alleged invention. The cartridge for an APS assault rifle consists of an encapsulated sleeve, gunpowder and a bullet having: a head and tail conical parts, a cylindrical guide part, the total length of the bullet is 15-30 calibers.

 Analyzing the design of this cartridge, it can be seen that the cartridge for firing an automatic rifle is designed on the basis of a standard capsule sleeve for a 5.45 mm AK-74 assault rifle, while the caliber of the bullet is selected so that the bullet enters the barrel of the sleeve with some interference, i.e. . the diameter of the submarine bullet is equal to the diameter of the bullet of a live cartridge and the diameter of the barrel channel allows a bullet of a live cartridge to pass through it with virtually no clearance. This circumstance provides the bullet of a live cartridge with a sufficiently high speed when firing in the air, but does not ensure its stabilization on the trajectory. However, such a bullet is very dangerous at ranges of more than 100 m, as it provides a high damaging effect on unprotected bulletproof vest targets.

 Secondly, in the case of a shot by a live cartridge in water, the pressure of the powder gases will be very high, since in this case the loading conditions change, i.e. the mass of the bullet increases by the value of the mass of the water column in the barrel.

It is known that for the normal functioning of a classic bullet when fired, its diameter (Figs. 3 and 4) d _{p is} slightly larger than the diameter of the barrel bore in the fields d _st , i.e. when a bullet enters rifling, the bullet should fill the entire cross section of the barrel. In connection with the indicated diameter of the bullet d _{p the} classical form for firing in air is greater than the diameter of the barrel bore d _article in the fields. Therefore, the use of a cartridge case from a classic cartridge for weapons for underwater firing leads to the fact that the diameter of the barrel becomes almost equal to the diameter of the bullet d1 _p (Fig. 2), i.e. this solution allows you to shoot in the air with a cartridge, from which a cartridge case for an underwater cartridge was borrowed.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that two cylinders of different diameters are made on the elongated part of the bullet, the diameter in the tail section is greater than the inner diameter of the barrel barrel by the amount of interference, and the diameter of the guide section is larger than the diameter of the tail section, but smaller than the outer diameter of the barrel barrel. With this design of the bullet design:
when shooting in water, the bullet behaves like a normal elongated body, but can stabilize a cavity to a slightly greater range, since the diameter of the tail is smaller;
in the case of firing a live cartridge with an ordinary classic bullet in the air in the cartridge, forcing pressure is created, which is determined by the force of the bullet being pressed into the cartridge, which ensures its relatively low speed when the bullet exits the cartridge barrel, with a further movement of the bullet through the barrel bore, a relatively large gap between the bullet appears and the barrel, which leads to the cessation of the burning of gunpowder. These circumstances lead to the fact that when shooting in the air from the proposed underwater sports weapon, a cartridge with a classic bullet muzzle velocity of a bullet is several times (4-20 times) lower than when shooting from an existing one.

In FIG. 1 shows a cartridge; in Fig.2 - node I in Fig.1, an enlarged view of the barrel of the sleeve and the tail of the bullet, where d1 _p , d, d _d , d _{st are the} diameters of the tail and guide parts of the bullet, barrel of the sleeve and the barrel, respectively; in FIG. 3 - an enlarged view of the barrel barrel and barrel of the classic cartridge located in the barrel, where d _n is indicated - the diameter of the barrel bore along the bottom of the rifling (d _p - bullet diameter); figure 4 is a section aa in figure 2; figure 5 is a section bB in figure 5.

 The cartridge consists of an encapsulated sleeve 1, an elongated bullet 2 and gunpowder 3.

 The work of the cartridge is as follows.

 If the powder ignites after breaking the capsule of the cartridge cartridge, bullet 2 moves along the barrel channel under the influence of the pressure of the powder gases, since the gap between the guiding part of the bullet and the barrel channel is minimally necessary (taking into account technological errors in the manufacture of the bullet and barrel), then the powder gases (taking into account the length of the guide parts of the bullet) experience a very high resistance in this gap, so the speed of the bullet when firing in the aquatic environment practically does not decrease in comparison with the movement along the channel of a conventional barrel nical bullets.

 In the case of an accidental (or intentional) shot from a given weapon with a military (classic) cartridge in the air, the gap between the bullet and the barrel walls significantly increases and the muzzle velocity of such a bullet decreases significantly (4-20 times), which prevents the use of weapons designed for this cartridge, use for deliberate firing in the air with ammunition of a classic (combat) design.

 Thus, the cartridge of this design ensures the fulfillment of all the basic requirements for use in sports in the aquatic environment and the safety of the shot of a cartridge of the main nomenclature (combat or classic) in the air.

Claims (1)

 Cartridge for sports underwater shooting, consisting of a sleeve with a capsule, an elongated bullet and a bulk charge, characterized in that two cylinders are made on the elongated part of the bullet, the diameter in the tail of the bullet is larger than the inner diameter of the barrel barrel by an interference fit, and the diameter of the guide part is larger the diameter of the tail, but less than the outer diameter of the barrel of the barrel.

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