RU2095265C1 - Potential difference building-up method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport; power engineering; energy generating when train passes along tracks. SUBSTANCE: piezoelectric mechanical pressure-into-potential difference converter is mounted on tracks between ties and between rails. Wheel pressure on rails is transmitted through rails to piezoelectric converter, thus building-up potential difference. Cantilever system is used to transmit pressure from rails to piezoelectric converter is regulated by changing resilience of support and length of lever arm. Direction of pressure on piezoelectric converter from one of rails is reversed. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the electric power industry and can be used to obtain the difference of electric potentials using mechanical pressure of railway wheels.

 Known methods for obtaining the difference in electric potentials (REP), which consists in creating mechanical pressure in a piezoelectric transducer of mechanical pressure into the difference in electric potentials (PMPD REP) and obtaining the difference in electric potentials in it (1 3).

 The prototype of the proposed method can serve as the closest in technical essence and achieved effect to the method of obtaining the electric potential difference, which consists in the location of the piezoelectric mechanical pressure transducer in the electric potential difference (RPMD REP) on the railway track between the bottom surface of the rail sole and its support in the form of a substrate on sleepers, transferring to it through rails the pressure of the wheels of a railway train and obtaining the difference of electric potentials (REP) (4).

 The disadvantage of this method is the location of the RPMD REP under the sole of the rail on the substrate on the sleepers. In this case, the RPMD REP becomes the direct support of the rail and this may interfere with the safe movement of the train. In addition, the implementation of the method requires disassembling the track, raising the rail or lowering the sleepers when installing the RPMD REP on the track. The same is required when inspecting, replacing, or repairing the RPMD REP. PPMD ReP in the known method is not used efficiently, because it perceives the pressure of only one rail. This means that the resulting difference in electric potentials (REB) is two times lower than in the case of using not only one rail. In the known method to use other rails is not possible.

 The purpose of the method is to eliminate the disassembly of the track when installing the RPMD REP on it, reduce operating and repair costs during the implementation of the method, eliminate the influence of the method on the safety of train movement, increase the efficiency of the use of the RPMD REP by transmitting pressure on it of the wheels through at least two rails.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method of obtaining the electric potential difference, which consists in arranging the piezoelectric transducer of mechanical pressure into the electric potential difference on the railway track, transmitting it from the rail pressure of the wheels of the railway train and obtaining the electric potential difference, the piezoelectric mechanical pressure transducer in the difference electrical potentials are placed on a support between the sleepers.

 In addition, a piezoelectric transducer of mechanical pressure to the electric potential difference is located between the rails and pressure is transmitted from the rails by the lever-cantilever system, while the RPMD REPs are placed on the lever arm and use this arm as a support.

 In addition, the direction of pressure on the piezoelectric transducer of mechanical pressure in the electric potential difference of one of the rails is reversed, and the pressure on the RPMD REP is controlled by the change in the elasticity of the support and the length of the arms of the levers.

 A comparative analysis of the invention with the prototype shows that it differs in that the RPMD REP is placed on a support between the fingers. The difference also lies in the fact that the RPMD REPs are placed between the rails and the pressure from the rails is transmitted to it by the lever-cantilever system, while the RPMD REPs are placed on the lever arm and use this shoulder as a support.

 In addition, the direction of pressure on the RPMD REP of one of the rails is reversed, and the pressure on the PPMD REP is regulated by the change in the elasticity of the support and the length of the arms of the lever-cantilever system.

 These differences allow us to conclude that the proposed method is new. Comparison of the proposed invention with other known analogues shows that using the method of obtaining the electric potential difference due to the pressure of the wheels on all rails, it is possible to obtain the electric potential difference with no less than double the efficiency. The method allows you to get REP, operate, repair and replace the RPMD REP, without violating the path and without obstructing the movement of trains. This effect cannot be achieved by known methods, which gives reason to argue that the proposed invention has exceeded the existing level of technology.

 The implementation of the method is illustrated by diagrams depicting a railway track with options for implementing the method of arrangement of the RPMD REP on it and the schemes for transmitting wheel pressure to the RPMD REP.

 In FIG. Figures 1 and 2 show railway tracks with the RPMD REP and section AA; in FIG. 3-5 options for the location of the RPMD RE0P on railway tracks between sleepers and rails and variants of lever-cantilever systems for implementing the method when transmitting wheel pressure through the rails to the RPMD REP.

 In FIG. 1 to 5, rails 1 with a sole 2 resting on a railroad tie 3 are shown, between which a piezoelectric transducer of mechanical pressure to the difference of electric potentials (PPMD REP) is located 4. PPMD REP 4 has a body 5, a piezoelectric element 6 and electrodes 7 (Fig. 1 and 2 ) RPMD REP 4 is located between the sleepers 3 on the support 8 with adjustable elasticity (not shown). RPMD REP 4 is fixed to the bottom of the rail by fastening 9 (Fig. 2 and 3).

 The pressure from the rails 1 on the RPMD REP 4, located between the sleepers 3 and the rails 1, is transmitted using the lever-cantilever system having a console 10, the lever 11 of the left rail and the lever 12 of the right rail connected by a hinge 13 mounted on the support 14.

The pressure of the wheels of the railway train on the rails is designated R _k , and the pressure on the RPMD REP R _p does not show the wheels of the train, the wires leading from the electrodes 7, as well as devices that regulate changes in the elasticity of the support 8 of the RPMD REP.

 The method of obtaining the electric potential difference is as follows.

RPMD REP 4 is placed on the path on the support 8 between the sleepers 3, fixing it on the sole 2 of the rail 1 (Fig. 2), and between the rails 1 (Fig. 1, 4 and 5). The pressure of the wheels P _{to the} train through the rails 1 is transmitted to the RPMD REP 4 either directly from the sole 2 of the rail 1 (Fig. 2 and 3) or the lever-cantilever system with the console 10 and levers 11 and 12, which are mounted on the rail by the fastening 9 (Fig. 1, 4 and 5) In FIG. 2 the pressure of the wheels P _k through the rails 1 affects the pressure P _p on the RPMD CEA 4.

In the piezoelectric element 6 located in the housing 5, under the influence of pressure P _p there is a difference in electric potentials (REP), which with the electrode 7 is sent to consumers via wires (not shown).

The pressure of the wheels P _k has a periodic nature, which allows you to get REP continuously while passing the train.

When the RPMD REP 4 is located between the sleepers 3 and between the rails 1 (Fig. 1, 4 and 5), the RPMD REP 4 is located either on the support 8 (Fig. 1) or on the arm of the lever 12 of the right rail 1 (Fig. 3, 4 and 5 ) When the RPMD REP 4 is located on the support 8 (Fig. 1) between the sleepers 3 and the rails 1, the pressure of the wheels P _{k is} transmitted to it by the console 10. In this case, the pressure of all rails 1 is used.

When the RPMD REP 4 is located on the shoulder of the lever 12, this shoulder is used as a support (Fig. 3, 4 and 5). The lever-cantilever system using the hinge 13 allows you to change the direction of pressure of the wheel P _to the opposite.

In FIG. 3 RPMD REP 4 are placed on the sole 2 of one rail 1 (left), and from the other rail (right) with lever 12, the pressure P _к \ is reversed, puts pressure P _p on the RPMD REP 4 from the bottom.

Thus PPMD REP 4 is under the influence of pressure P _p from two rails 1.

In FIG. 4 RPMD REP 4 is located on the shoulder of the lever 12 of the right rail 1. On the RPMD REP 4 act by the force of the wheel P _k through the console 10 from the left wheel, rail 1 and the force P _p through the lever 12 from the right rail 1 On the hinge 13 located on the support 14 , pressure P _to rail 1 is reversed.

 In FIG. 5 RPMD REP 4 is also located on the shoulder of the lever 12 of the right rail 1. The levers 11 of the left rail 1 and 12 of the right rail 1 are connected by a hinge 13 located on the support 14. The levers are connected as a lever of the first kind and a lever of the second kind at the junction point of the hinge 13.

The magnitude of the pressure P _p on the RPMD REP 4 is regulated by the elasticity of the support 8 and the length of the arms of the levers 11 and 12.

 The difference in electric potentials obtained in the RPMD REP arrives at consumers. The pressure of the wheels of a moving train is used from two rails, and in the case of a two or multi-track track, you can use the pressure from other rails using the proposed method.

Claims (3)

 1. A method of obtaining a difference in electric potentials, which consists in arranging a piezoelectric transducer of mechanical pressure into a difference in electric potentials on a railway track, transferring pressure on the wheels of a railway train to it and receiving a difference in electric potentials, characterized in that the piezoelectric transducer of mechanical pressure into a difference in electric potentials placed on a support between the sleepers.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the piezoelectric transducer of the mechanical pressure in the electric potential difference is located between the rails and the pressure from the rails is transmitted to it by a lever-cantilever system, while the transducer is placed on the lever arm and use this arm as a support.  3. The method according to PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the direction of pressure on the piezoelectric transducer of mechanical pressure in the electric potential difference of one of the rails is reversed, and the pressure on it is controlled by changing the elasticity of the support and the length of the shoulders of the levers of the console arm system.

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