RU208355U1 - Tank with a three-tube hydrostatic siphon (TTGS) for growing plants on an inert substrate by nitrification - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is a container with a three-tube hydrostatic siphon (TTGS), belongs to the field of organic agriculture, to the method of growing on aquaponics, and is intended for growing vegetables, herbs and herbs in containers filled with an inert substrate based on aquaculture by the nitrification method. TTGS for growing vegetables, herbs and herbs has three pipes of different diameters, located one inside the other, has holes for water discharge and saturation of the substrate with air. The container is made with the possibility of purifying the used water from aquaculture, developing the nitrification process, regulating the flow of oxygen to the roots of plants, performing the biological function of nitrification. The technical result of the utility model is the possibility of simultaneously growing different crops in one container with improved organoleptic characteristics due to nitrification in the substrate.

Description

Field of technology: the utility model is a container with a three-tube hydrostatic siphon (TTGS), belongs to the field of organic agriculture, to the method of growing on aquaponics, and is intended for growing vegetables, herbs and herbs in containers filled with an inert substrate based on aquaculture by the nitrification method.

BACKGROUND ART: Methods for growing vegetables, herbs and herbs in containers are now known. One method is called aquaponics and the other is called hydroponics. Hydroponics works by preparing and feeding agrochemicals into the substrate. In hydroponics, as in the analogue of soilless cultivation, plants are grown in containers with a substrate (Ulyam Texier, Hydroponics for All 2013 ISBN 978-2-84594-089-5). However, in such a substrate there is no nitrification process, since the cultivation is sterile, therefore, there is no need for TTGS, since the chemical solution is prepared separately, and then it is dripped into the substrate. Along with the indisputable convenience of the computer supply of chemical solutions to the substrate, the quality of the grown products on the BRICS scale in the analogue is lower than possible. Because of this, there are a number of restrictions on the quantitative, simultaneous cultivation of different crops in one system, since the selection of chemical elements is dosed for a specific culture.

The closest analogue of the utility model being created in aquaponics is built on the basis of an existing invention (Patent RU 2738382 C2) - a method of joint cultivation of aquabioculture objects and plants. This invention provides for the cultivation of aquatic culture objects: fish, invertebrates and plant crops in aquaponics, where the water supply is carried out in a circle. In this method, water is first supplied to the basin with sturgeon fish, then to the basin with catfish fish, then the water is transferred to the settling tank to settle organic waste, then the water enters the aquaponic plant for growing plants, then to the tanks for the cultivation of crustaceans, then to the tank for the cultivation of molluscs, then for purification successively in a mechanical filter and a biological filter and again in fish tanks. However, this invention contemplates a different method of growing plants. Plants are grown on a bed floating in a pond filled with a porous, granular, chemically neutral artificial substrate. The bed is installed above the mirror of the reservoir so that the water through the capillaries of the substrate granules independently rises to the surface of the bed, without filling the cavities between the substrate granules, by adjusting the position of the bed by the lifting force of the floats mounted under it. The disadvantage of this method is the lack of a full-fledged nitrification process, the lack of a sufficient surface on the substrate for the germination of bacteria. A complex mechanism for supplying water to plants is also considered. The mechanism of water discharge like TTGS from a container with a substrate for growing plants is not considered at all, for better air flow into the substrate layers. From the analysis of the technical solution, it was also revealed that the technical problem of the considered analogue is a large variety of aquatic organisms in one system. The presence of many aquatic organisms leads to the regulation of different temperatures and the desired pH of the water, which in turn will lead to blocking the availability of macro- and microelements for plants. The claimed utility model considers another, fast method of supplying water to the container where the plants are located.

The utility model being created is based on the task of creating a container for growing vegetables, herbs and herbs, a biofilter capable of purifying used water from aquaculture, developing the nitrification process, and regulating the flow of oxygen to plant roots using TTGS. It is thanks to TTGS that the container performs a biological function in particular and for the entire aquaponics system as a whole, purifying water from heavy particles.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is the possibility of simultaneous cultivation of different crops in one container with TTGS with improved organoleptic characteristics solely due to the natural character associated with nitrification in the substrate. In practice, TTGS passes water through the substrate, after filling it, discharges water from the container, according to the law of communicating vessels, thereby filling the substrate with oxygen. This method aims to create an optimal nitrification and bacterial formation process on the surface of the Nitrosomonas spp. Substrate. - (pH 7.2 - 7.8), Nitrobacter spp. - (pH 7.2 - 8.2).

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the substrate acts as a biofilter capable of forming bacterial colonies. The container is sized to contain all bacteria within the system. TTGS ensures the viability of the symbiosis of bacteria and plants.

The essence of the claimed utility model relates to a device. The essence of the device lies in the fact that a container with TTGS allows you to grow plants of better quality and get more products from 1 m ² . A container with a three-tubular hydrostatic siphon (TTGS) for growing plants on an inert substrate by the nitrification method contains a container with a hole in diameter from 20 to 50 mm for installing TTGS and removing water from the container, TTGS, inlet and outlet for water inflow. The siphon contains three pipes of different diameters, located one inside the other, the pipes are connected together and installed inside the container and have technological holes for water to enter.

The technical result of the utility model is the ability to grow any vegetables, herbs and herbs without correction for the chemical composition of nutrients. This approach is relevant from an economic point of view in the case of market preferences. The features of the utility model are capacity, TSHS, substrate, nitrification process, inlet and outlet for water inflow.

The utility model includes three pipes of different diameters, located one inside the other. The three pipes are connected together and installed inside the tank. The dimensions of the container are shown in Fig. 1. Structural elements are made of wood, OSB-3 panel or 0-20 mm plywood; 1 - container height from 0 to 300 mm; 2 - container length from 0 to 4800 mm; 3 - the width of the container is from 0 to 1200 mm; 4 - waterproofing layer of the LDPE film capacity from 200 microns to 600 microns. The waterproofing layer can be an epoxy resin - oligomers containing epoxy groups and capable of forming crosslinked polymers under the action of hardeners. Glassy, reinforced and synthetic fabrics are treated with epoxy to reinforce the structure. 5 - hole for installing TTGS and removing water from the tank. TTGS is an integral part of the tank, it is a three-layer arrangement of pipes inside each pipe. Pipe material: polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride.

FIG. 2 shows the useful model of the TTGS in section, top view, consisting of three pipes of different diameters, therefore, the TTGS has three circuits: 6 - an outer contour with a diameter of 0 to 160 mm, protects the TTGS from substrate pressure; 7 - the second contour with a diameter from 0 to 160 mm creates a hydrostatic effect; 8 - the third contour with a diameter from 0 to 160 mm. The third circuit has a branch for hydrostatic amplification.

FIG. 3 - outer contour of a utility model with TTGS. 9 - technological holes for water ingress from 0 to 50 mm; 10 - removable cover from 0 to 160 mm for revision; 11 - height from 0 mm to 400 mm.

FIG. 4 shows the second circuit of the utility model with TTGS. 12 - technological holes for water ingress from 0 to 50 mm; 13 - soldered cover from 0 to 100 mm; 14 - height of the second circuit 0 - 350 mm.

FIG. 5 shows the third circuit of the utility model with TTGS. 15 - height of TTGS of the 3rd contour from 0 to 200 mm; diameter of the 3rd contour from 0 to 50 mm. The contour surface has no technological holes. 19 - at the end of the contour there is a sleeve with a transitional diameter from 0 to 60 mm; 16 - in the lower base of the contour there is a tee with a contour diameter from 0 to 50 mm; 20 - one part of the tee is connected with a pipe of greater length; 17, 18 - corner and extension of the pipe to enhance the hydrostatic effect by increasing the pressure; 21 - continuation of the pipe for sucking air inside.

The functional purpose of the TTGS elements is to drain water from the container, to provide oxygen access to the container for the substrate, to enhance the purifying role of the substrate as a biofilter, to purify water in order to enhance the nitrification process in the substrate.

The functional purpose of the container is to hold water until the TTGS is triggered, to keep the substrate within the used container, to grow plants.

The technical result is achievable after installing the TTGS in the tank. For this, it is necessary to make a hole in the container with a diameter of 20 to 50 mm. Install the 3rd circuit of the TTGS in the hole of the tank for water drainage. Above it is necessary to install the 2nd circuit of the TTGS to create the effect of strengthening the siphon. Then it is necessary to install the 1st circuit of the TTGS, which performs a protective function. After installing the 1st circuit of the TTGS, you can pour the substrate into the container.

The technical result of the container is achieved only together with the operation of the TTGS installed inside the container. Water is fed into the container from the opposite side at the required speed.

After the water began to flow into the container, the substrate is filled with moisture, and the water rises to the roots of the plant. The dimensions of the container are due to the technical characteristics of the TTGS. If the size of the container is greater than the specified range, TTGS does not have the desired effect on the development of the nitrifying effect.

After the water has reached the edge of the container, due to the TTGS, a hydrostatic effect occurs according to the law of communicating vessels. The 3rd circuit tap increases the pressure. The water leaves the container, providing oxygen to the root zone of the plants, as well as the substrate. Thus, the task of growing plants in a container by nitrification becomes feasible. The technical result becomes achievable due to the technical parameters of the TTGS, which is due to the size of the container.

The utility model allows you to grow plants on a substrate, significantly save electricity, thanks to TTGS, and play the role of a biofilter for water purification and enhance the effect of nitrification in the substrate.

The utility model is devoid of the disadvantages of the considered analogue under the number (Patent RU 2738382 C2).

Claims (1)

A container with a three-tubular hydrostatic siphon (TTGS) for growing plants on an inert substrate by the nitrification method, containing a container with a hole in diameter from 20 to 50 mm for installing TTGS and removing water from the tank, TTGS, inlet and outlet openings for water inflow, a siphon contains three pipes of different diameters, located one inside the other, the pipes are connected together and installed inside the container and have technological holes for water to enter inside.

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