RU2068961C1 - Method for minerals exploitation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining. SUBSTANCE: collector workings are driven and horizontal workings are driven from those along the axis of chambers. Collector workings are driven below primary chambers by a space not less than ore body thickness. Excavation is performed by chambers of the first and second stage. Horizontal workings are driven in the chambers of the first stage. Width of the workings is determined by a formula. Support rock members are formed in rock massif of the first stage chambers. The second chambers are worked. Besides, support members are pressed out by pressurized viscous liquid. EFFECT: safety of works. 3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mining and can be used in underground mining of mineral deposits, represented sloping ore deposits of large and medium capacity.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the safety of work by maintaining the continuity of the roof of the worked-out space.

где: γ_п плотность горной породы, кг/м³,
γ_з плотность твердеющей закладки или вязкой жидкости, кг/м³,
а ширина оконтуриваемой породной опоры, м,
m мощность рудного тела, м,
Н глубина залегания рудного тела, м.This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method, including conducting collector workings and of them horizontal workings along the axis of the chambers, mining ore reserves of the chambers of the first and second stages, the formation in the rock mass of the chambers of the first stage of supporting rock elements by cutting them from the horizon of the workings of the primary chambers , the movement of the supporting elements and the worked out space of the primary chambers, the filing of the filling medium in the form of a hardening bookmark and the development of the reserves of the secondary chambers, the workings are carried out below the primary chambers by an amount not less than the ore body power, horizontal workings along the axis of the chambers are carried out in the chambers of the primary line, and the workings are not less than

where: γ _{p the} density of the rock, kg / m ³ ,
γ _{s the} density of the hardening bookmarks or viscous liquid, kg / m ³ ,
and the width of the contoured rock support, m,
m ore body power, m,
N the depth of the ore body, m

 The formation of supporting rock elements in the rock mass of the first-stage chambers is made from the soil, and after the segments of the supporting elements are squeezed into the spacer with the roof of the primary chambers by supplying a filling medium under pressure to the horizontal excavations.

 In this case, the supporting elements are squeezed out by supplying a viscous fluid under pressure in a horizontal working out.

 In addition, the pressure of the filling medium is created by the weight of its column in the vertical excavation, which passes from the surface to the collector excavation, while the filling medium is fed into the vertical excavation from the surface of the earth.

 In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the sequential mining of ore deposits with the location of the preparatory workings, in FIG. 2 is a section along line A A, in FIG. 3 scheme of preparation and formation of rock supports.

 The method is as follows.

где: γ_п плотность горной породы, кг/м³,
γ_з плотность твердеющей закладки или вязкой жидкости, кг/м³.The panel in a known manner is divided into cameras 1 of the first stage and cameras 2 of the second stage of the same or unequal width, the value of which is taken taking into account the stability of the roof. After the cleaning recess of the first stage chambers 1, according to any known technological scheme, the rock support elements 3 are formed in the soil of the worked out space. Previously, parallel to and below the horizon of the mined space to a depth of not less than the ore body’s power, a field mine 4 passes. From the collector 4, horizontal mine workings 5 pass along the central axis of the spent chambers 1 of the first stage, of which, for example, when using the blasting method, cut-off of the formed rock element from the array on a horizontal plane 6. The support element 3 is contoured from the horizon of the mined-out space of the primary chambers 1. For this about the perimeter of the chambers 1 create a contouring gap 7 in the soil until it intersects with the cutting horizon 6. Extruding the rock support elements 3 from the soil of the worked space of the first stage chambers is carried out after filling the horizontal workings 5 with a hardening tab 8 or viscous liquid. The creation in the reservoir 4 of hydrostatic pressure will provide conditions for raising the rock elements to the roof of the workings. With the width of the horizontal workings equal to the width of the primary chambers 1, the pressure created in the reservoir 4, necessary for lifting the rock elements with a height of 15 to 20 m at a rock density of 2500 kg / m ³ , does not exceed 0.6 MPa. To raise the rock support elements 3, the hydrostatic pressure of a viscous liquid or hardening tab 8, which is created only in horizontal mine workings 5, can be used. For this, a sealing bridge is constructed between the workings 5 and the collector 4, and the pressure is created using pump stations. To reduce energy costs for lifting the supporting elements 3, it is most advisable to use the pressure of the weight of the column of liquid medium. This is achieved by the fact that from the day surface 9 into the collector 4 pass the barrel 10 or drill wells. When driving mine workings 5, their width is chosen equal to or greater:

where: γ _{p the} density of the rock, kg / m ³ ,
γ _{h the} density of the hardening bookmarks or viscous liquid, kg / m ³ .

This condition is necessary to create a lifting force at a known depth of the well or bore 9 and the density of the filling hardening material 8 or viscous fluid, which is fed to the wellhead or bore. A viscous liquid or hardening tab along the well 10, filling the voids through the reservoir 4 and horizontal workings 5, flows under the contoured support elements 3. The hydrostatic extrusion pressure is created as the level of liquid material in the well 10 increases, which reaches its maximum value when leveling the liquid material with the horizon of the day surface and is equal to:
P = γ _s (H + m), m.
With an ore body depth of 150 to 200 m and a filling material density close to 2000 kg / m ³ , hydrostatic pressure from 30 to 40 MPa is created under the supporting elements.

 The testing of the secondary chambers 2 is carried out after extruding the supporting rock elements 3 into a spacer with a roof and a set of hardening material 8 of standard strength. When using viscous liquid to extrude the supporting elements 3, the secondary chambers 2 are worked out after plugging the well or the barrel 10. Squeezing the rock elements from the soil of the developed space of the first stage chambers allows preserving the roof stability and the natural strength of the load-bearing elements, which exceeds several times the strength of the artificial material Bookmarks Drilling and blasting operations on the design of supporting elements under a stable roof does not reduce the safety conditions in relation to the treatment technology. When mining the chambers of the second stage, settling of the side walls of rock supports is excluded, which reduces ore dilution and increases the safety of mining operations.

 Using a viscous fluid as a filling material will evenly distribute the pressure exerted by the overlying rock mass on load-bearing elements, which is an effective way to control rock pressure. When mining mineral deposits by the proposed method, the manufacturability of operations to create rock support elements is increased. The probability of destruction of the created supports or their design from the influence of gravitational forces and from natural stresses is excluded. The lifting of supporting elements to the roof of the worked out space can be carried out without the use of additional energy costs. YYY1 YYY2

Claims (3)

1. A method of developing mineral resources, including carrying out collector workings and of them horizontal workings along the axis of the chambers, mining ore reserves of the chambers of the first and second stages, forming in the rock mass of the chambers of the first stage of support rock elements by cutting them from the horizon of the workings of the primary chambers, moving the support elements into the mined-out space of the primary chambers, the supply of a hardening bookmark and the development of reserves of the secondary chambers, characterized in that, in order to increase the safety of work due to continuity escort roof goaf holding collector generation is performed below the primary chambers by an amount not less than the power of the ore body holding a horizontal axis workings of cameras operate in the first stage chambers, the develop tested with a minimum width

where γ _{p the} density of the rock, kg / m ³ ;
γ _{h the} density of the hardening bookmarks or viscous liquids, kg / m ³ ;
a width of the contoured rock support, m;
m ore body thickness, m;
H the depth of the ore body, m,
The formation of supporting rock elements in the rock mass of the first-stage chambers is carried out in their soil and after the segments of the supporting elements are squeezed into the spacing with the roof of the primary chambers by supplying a hardening tab under pressure to the horizontal excavations.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the support elements are extruded by supplying a viscous fluid under pressure into the horizontal workings.  3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the pressure of the extruding medium is created by the weight of its column in the vertical excavation, which pass from the surface to the collector, while the extruding medium is fed into the vertical excavation from the ground.

Images