RU2066528C1 - Charge cloud attacking method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural meteorology. SUBSTANCE: method involves introducing crystallizing reagent into precipitation formation zone determined by localizing land surface sounding; detecting in this zone feeder clouds having potential water resource level corresponding to water content of at least 0.1 g/sq.m and disposed in the course of movement of charge cloud; attacking these feeder clouds by crystallizing reagent to cause rain precipitations. EFFECT: increased efficiency by eliminating hailstorm. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of active effects on hail clouds in order to prevent hail.

There are various methods of active effects on hail clouds using special gas-dynamic guns generating an ionizing shock wave propagating in the atmosphere in the form of an elliptical funnel [1]
A disadvantage of the known methods is low efficiency and a small radius of action of the shock wave.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed object is a method of active effects on hail clouds by introducing a crystallizing reagent into the zone of precipitation formation, determined by radar sensing from the ground [2]
The known method has one serious drawback, which is that the impact is limited only by the zone of formation of hail precipitation. At the same time, the atmospheric environment surrounding the hail cloud is not taken into account, especially the part that is located along the hail cloud and falls into the upward flow into the zone of precipitation formation. At the same time, as practice shows, in the course of moving the hail cloud at a distance of one hundred or more kilometers at a lower level in height than the hail cloud, so-called feeder clouds are concentrated, which have a fairly high water supply. And these clouds, falling into the ascending currents of a moving hail cloud, are drawn into its upper part, where the hail is formed and constantly feed it. As a result of this replenishment, the hail cloud begins to grow rapidly in size. At the same time, the destructive power of the hail cloud is growing, which leads to the need for repeated exposure of the cloud to the reagent. However, this does not always turn out to be effective, since the process of development of the hail cloud has reached its apogee and has become uncontrollable. As a result, this leads to frequent omissions of hail, causing great damage to agriculture.

 The aim of the present invention is to increase the effectiveness of active effects on hail clouds by limiting their recharge by water resources of feeder clouds.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method of active actions on hail clouds by introducing a reagent into the zone of formation of precipitation, determined by radioactive sounding from the ground, additionally using an aircraft equipped with on-board monitoring, measuring and exposure means, feeder clouds are detected at the rate of hail cloud movement with a potential water supply level corresponding to water content from 0.1 g / m ³ and above, then, acting on them from the plane with a crystallizing reagent, they cause hail cloud precipitation in the form of rain.

 In FIG. 1 shows a vertical section of a supercell hail cloud; in FIG. 2 view of the cloud from above.

In the figures, isolines η ₁ and η ₂ and isotherms of level t ₁ and t ₂ highlighted in the frontal part of cloud 1 a zone of formation of precipitation 2. Arrow (A) shows the direction of movement of hail cloud 1, and arrows (B) indicate the upward flow in the front of the cloud . The direction of the wind is indicated by the arrow (C), and the strip of the underlying surface of the earth 3, above which the cloud 1 moves, is limited by dashed lines 4.

 The feeder clouds located along the hail cloud are indicated by 5.

 The method of active influence on hail clouds is implemented as follows.

By radar sensing of the convective cloud 1 (Fig. 1), an area of increased radar reflectivity corresponding to zone 2, limited by threshold levels of radar reflectivity η ₁ = 10 ^-9 cm ^-1 and η ₂ = 10 ^-12 cm, is distinguished in it in the frontal part of the canopy of the radio echo ^-1 , and threshold levels of isotherms t ₁ -6 ^o C and t ₂ -12 ^o C in height. Then, crystallizing reagent (AgJ) is introduced into region 2 using anti-hail rockets, which, when interacting with the cloud, forms a significant number of crystallization centers, which leads to a simultaneous increase in the number of hailstones per unit volume and a decrease in their diameter. Such a hail in the process of its fall, falling into the warm underlying layers of the atmosphere, melts and falls to the ground in the form of rain.

The exposure to region 2 hail clouds of the fourth category is carried out four times according to the existing instructions. However, as practice has shown, the hail cloud in the process of its development draws 2 feeder clouds into the region of precipitation formation, which fall into the ascending frontal flows and, thereby, being fed by additional moisture, goes into a more dangerous state. Efficiency in these conditions begins to decline sharply. In this case, to effectively combat the hail cloud 1, additionally with the help of an airplane 6 equipped with airborne measuring, monitoring and active means, feeder clouds 5 with a water content of 0.1 g / m ³ or higher are allocated at the rate of movement of the hail cloud 1 which fall into the frontal upward flow (B) (Fig. 1), then, using on-board active means (not shown in the figures), the crystallizing reagent is introduced into these clouds, thereby causing rainfall along the route of hail cloud 1. Precipitation and cause the entire width of the strip 3 of the underlying surface, limited by dashed lines 4 (Fig. 2), starting the impact primarily on the feeder clouds 3 closest to the hail cloud 1, and expanding this effect further along the route of the hail cloud.

 When implementing the proposed method, there are two mechanisms that suppress the growth of hail clouds. This is, first of all, a mechanism that excludes the recharge of the hail cloud with additional water resources of feeder clouds, and the second mechanism, caused by a decrease in the temperature of the underlying surface, which creates thermodynamic conditions that inhibit the development of the hail cloud due to the suppression of ascending flows by precipitation. Both mechanisms contribute significantly to the decay of the hail cloud.

The accepted water content of feeder clouds from 0.1 g / m ³ and above is dictated by the need to precipitate a significant amount of their water reserves. And the choice of the aircraft method for influencing feeder clouds is due to the fact that the existing radar stations do not allow to detect and recognize feeder clouds, as well as determine their water supply. With the use of the aircraft, it is possible to visually recognize the feeder clouds, and using on-board means measure the water content in them and act on them with a reagent.

 The proposed method allows to increase the effectiveness of active effects on hail clouds by creating thermodynamic conditions that contribute to the decay of the hail cloud and limiting its recharge by water resources of feeder clouds.

Information sources
1. French patent N 2214480, A 01 G 15/00, publ. 08/19/74.

 2. Temporary guidelines for the impact on urban processes. Introduced by the order of the State Committee for Hydrometeorology N 229 dated 09.22.86. M. VNIIGMI-WDC, p. 12-21, prototype.

Claims (1)

A method of actively influencing hail clouds by introducing a crystallizing reagent into the precipitation formation zone, determined by radar sensing from the ground, characterized in that feeder clouds with a potential level are detected at the rate of hail cloud movement using an airplane equipped with on-board observation, measurement and exposure tools water supply, corresponding to a water content of 0.1 g / m ³ and above, and then, acting on them from the plane with a crystallizing reagent, cause at the rate of movement of hail cloudy precipitation in the form of rain.

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