RU2038162C1 - Magnetic liquid separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: separating liquids. SUBSTANCE: separator has housing, magnetic system, rotor, branch pipe for supplying raw positioned at the one of the end faces of the rotor, and device for discharging mounted at the other face. The magnetic system is made up as linear permanent magnets arranged along the generatrix of the rotor with a spaced relation to each other so that the vector of magnetic field strength of the permanent magnets is directed along the tangent to the periphery of the rotor. The rotor is provided with linings and ring wall. The lining is arranged on that side of each permanent magnet which face to the axis of the rotor. The ring wall is positioned on that face of the rotor which face the arrangement for discharging, the height of the wall being equal to the height of the permanent magnets. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mineral processing and is intended for the separation of raw materials by density, in particular during the processing of gravity concentrates of gold and diamonds in the mining industry.

 A number of designs of magneto-liquid separators are known, including a magnetic system with pole pieces, between which there is a chamber with magnetic fluid. Magnetic fluid, being in an inhomogeneous magnetic field, acquires various quasi-weights. Particles of raw materials of different densities, entering the chamber through the supply pipe, either sink to the bottom under the influence of their own weight, or float to the surface, or occupy an intermediate position in the chamber. At different levels in the chamber there are receivers of separation products, where various fractions are collected.

 The disadvantage of such separators is low productivity and a sharp decrease in their efficiency in the separation of thin classes of raw materials.

 The closest technical solution is the Magstream magneto-liquid separator of the American company Intermagnetics General Corporation (IGC). The separator comprises a housing, a hollow cylindrical rotor mounted vertically, in the upper end of which is located the central pipe for supplying raw materials. On the outside, around the rotor, there is a magnetic system generating a magnetic field whose magnitude gradient is directed from the axis of the rotor to its periphery. A mixture of feedstock with magnetic fluid enters the rotor through the feed pipe to the rotor. Particles of raw materials moving along the axis of the rotor under the action of centrifugal forces move to the outer shell of the rotor and are held at a certain radius depending on their density, i.e. less dense closer to the axis of the rotor, more dense closer to the outer shell of the rotor. At the bottom end of the rotor, cylindrical dividers are installed, through which fractions are collected. Such a separator is able to divide the particles by density in the range of 1.5-21 g / cm, particle size 60-600 microns.

 However, the efficiency of such a separator with a particle size of less than 60 microns is unsatisfactory. This is explained by the fact that the creation of quasi-gravity of magnetic fluid along the internal volume of the rotor to large values, which allows increasing the rotation speed and centrifugal forces acting on the raw material particles, is a very difficult task, requiring high magnetic fields for its solution and leading to high energy consumption. Or the distance at which fractions of raw materials are located at the exit of the rotor at the dividing baffle is extremely reduced, which disrupts the separation process.

 The purpose of the invention is the separation of the density of finely divided particles of raw materials, while increasing the specific productivity of the separator and reducing its energy consumption.

 To achieve this, in a separator including a housing, a magnetic system, a rotor, a feed pipe located at one of the ends of the rotor, and a drain device installed at the other end, the magnetic system is designed as an annular row of permanent magnets mounted around a circle on the inner surface rotor shells with gaps between them so that the magnetic field vector of the permanent magnets is directed tangentially to the circumference of the rotor, on the faces of the magnets forming the inner diameter of the annular row, set Non-magnetic longitudinal spacers were installed, on the end of the rotor where the drain device is located, an annular wall adjacent to the magnets is installed adjacent to the outer diameter of the rotor shell and inner to the inner diameter of the annular row of permanent magnets.

 The flow of a mixture of magnetic fluid and feedstock, entering the rotor through the central supply pipe, is discarded from the rotor axis by centrifugal forces, and moves with a thin layer to the drain at the level of the inner diameter of the annular row of permanent magnets in the channels between the walls formed by the faces of the magnets facing to each other, and non-magnetic spacers. This layer of flow moves in the zone of maximum buoyancy forces. Particles of raw materials under the action of centrifugal forces, depending on the density, either fall into the intermagnetic gaps and settle on its bottom, or are pushed to the surface of the stream and thrown through the inner diameter of the annular wall into the drain.

 The proposed device can be used in the mining industry, in particular for processing gold and diamond-containing gravity concentrates, therefore, it is industrially applicable.

 In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a magneto-liquid separator; figure 2 section aa.

 The separator contains a housing 1, a rotor 2, a central supply pipe 3, a drain device 4, an electric drive 5, an annular row of permanent magnets 6 installed with a clearance b, non-magnetic spacers 7 are installed on the faces of the magnets facing the center of the rotor, at the drain, close to the magnets, an annular wall 8 is installed.

 The separator works as follows.

 At the beginning of the process, a magnetic fluid is fed into the rotor through the feed pipe, which fills the intermagnetic gaps b. The magnetic fluid in the intermagnetic space acquires a quasi-weight proportional to the magnitude of the magnetic field induction and its gradient. The maximum value of this weighting is at the edge of the intermagnetic gap b at the level of the inner diameter of the annular row of permanent magnets. In the rotating rotor 2, through the central pipe 3, a mixture of feedstock with magnetic fluid is supplied. Particles of feedstock moving in a thin layer of magnetic fluid flow in the intermagnetic gap at the level of the inner diameter of the annular row of permanent magnets, under the action of centrifugal forces, depending on their density, either overcome the buoyancy force of the magnetic fluid and fall into the intermagnetic gaps, or are pushed out the surface and move in the pulp stream, then being thrown into the drain through the inner diameter of the annular wall 8. As heavy particles accumulate in the intermagnetic gaps, which can be determined Leno, e.g., volume of recyclable material, the rotor stops for the extraction of this fraction.

 The range of density separation of particles in such a device can be controlled either by an electric drive, changing the rotor speed, or by changing the magnitude of the gap between the magnets, using, for example, intermagnetic gaskets.

 Non-magnetic spacers mounted on the faces of permanent magnets facing the center of the rotor serve to organize channels for the flow of pulp flows in a thin layer in the intermagnetic gap.

 In order to save material of permanent magnets, it is rational to make from it only that part of the annular row that forms the inner diameter and is adjacent to non-magnetic spacers.

 The use of such a separator, like any other magneto-liquid, is most rational for the extraction of gold or diamonds from concentrates, i.e., in expensive technological processes with small volumes of processing.

 In the proposed device, the centrifugation of raw materials in a thin layer occurs, which reduces the separation time by several times, in addition, the magnetic field should not be created at great depths, but only in the gap between the magnets, which facilitates the design of the separator, reduces its cost and reduces energy consumption.

 An example of a specific embodiment of the separator can be a magneto-liquid separator for processing gravitational gold concentrates (class -0.04 mm) with a capacity of 50 kg / h (pulp). The magneto-liquid separator contains a rotor, the outer diameter of which is 100 mm, a length of 100 mm. The inner diameter of the annular row of magnets NB-240 is 70 mm. The magnets are mounted with an axial clearance of 5 mm between each other. The rotor speed is 750 rpm. Electric drive power 50 watts.

Claims (1)

 MAGNETOFLUID SEPARATOR, comprising a housing, a magnetic system, a cylindrical rotor, a feed pipe, a drain device installed at the other end of the rotor, characterized in that the magnetic system is made of linear permanent magnets mounted with a gap relative to each other along the generatrix of the rotor, the rotor is equipped with overlays and an annular wall, while the overlays are placed on the sides of the permanent magnets facing the axis of the rotor, and the annular wall is placed on the end of the rotor facing the device for drain, and made the height equal to the height of the permanent magnets.

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