RU2031068C1 - Bulk dusting material storage and discharge hopper - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: coal mining, chemical and food-processing industries. SUBSTANCE: hopper has casing divided by wall into lower and upper sections. Wall is formed by resilient inclined flaps, which adhere one to the other with their lower ends. Flaps are disposed on one arm of double-armed lever mounted on shafts. Counterweights are mounted on other arm of double- armed lever for movement along it. Counterweights may be retained in openings by screw. Counterweights are moved along lever arm for adjusting the extent of tightening one flap up to the other flap. Angles staggered in lower section of casing are adapted to change direction and speed of conveyance of material to reduce dusting of material. Side faces of angles are provided with openings preventing development of back pressure behind angles. EFFECT: reduced consumption of power and dusting. 3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a device for preventing dusting and can be used in coal, chemical, food industry, as well as in transport when loading railway cars.

 A device [1] is known, comprising a housing installed in the housing and dividing it into upper and lower sections communicating with each other by a partition made of flexible inclined flaps freely adjoining each other with lower ends, and a device for preventing dust removal.

The disadvantages of this device include the following:
dust emission from the hopper as a result of impacts of the discharged material on the partition with the frame and the bottom of the hopper. Moreover, the impact on the bottom of the hopper will be stronger due to an increase in the rate of fall of the material due to the height of the hopper;
elastic partitions eventually lose their properties, cease to be closed and form a gap;
in the process of loading the material into the hopper, a backpressure is created in the dust chamber, which prevents the passage of a dust cloud into it, and, without encountering resistance, it is carried out.

 The closest in technical essence and the problem to be solved to the invention is a hopper for storing and unloading bulk dust materials [2], comprising a housing divided into upper and lower sections interconnected, an elastic partition located between them and an aspiration device made in the form of a pipe with bars.

The disadvantages of this device are
dust emission due to impacts of the discharged material on the elastic partition and the bottom of the hopper;
loss over time of the elastic properties of the elastic partitions and the formation of a longitudinal gap between them through which dust will be carried out;
the removal of dust through the gap at the ends of the elastic partitions.

 The aim of the invention is to reduce energy consumption and reduce the removal of dust.

 This is achieved by the fact that in the hopper for storage and unloading of bulk dusting materials, comprising a housing installed in the housing and dividing it into communicating upper and lower sections by a partition made of flexible inclined flaps adjoining one another with lower ends, according to the invention, elastic inclined flaps equipped with a mechanism for their clamping, consisting of two-arm levers mounted on them by means of axes with counterweights on one of their shoulders.

 In addition, counterweights are installed with the possibility of their movement along the shoulder and fixation.

 In addition, in the lower section of the body in a staggered pattern are the corners facing upwards and having holes in the side faces.

 The presence of elastic inclined flaps equipped with a clamping mechanism, consisting of two shoulders levers mounted on them with counterweights on one of their shoulders with the possibility of their movement along the shoulder and fixing, makes it possible to separate the lower section from the upper section after passing through the material, and adjust the degree of pressure of the flaps in the case of deterioration of elastic properties, this is what the goal is achieved - reducing energy consumption due to the lack of suction equipment and reducing dust removal.

 The presence of staggered corners in the lower section of the casing, with their vertices facing up and having holes in the side faces, prevents impact on the bottom of the hopper, reduces the speed of 2-4 m / s dusting does not occur. This achieves the goal of reducing energy consumption.

 In addition, the corners perceive the pressure of the column of material, therefore, the outlet has no high pressure, sealing material and creates traffic jams during unloading, and the presence (in contrast to ed. St. N 1549858, class B 65 G 88/64) of openings in the side faces for the exit of air from the internal cavities of the elements prevents the creation of back pressure during unloading of the material and contributes to a better outflow of material from the hopper during unloading.

 Unknown devices having features similar to those of the characterizing part of the claims of the present invention.

 The drawing shows a hopper, a cross section.

 The hopper contains a housing 1, divided into upper 2 and lower 3 sections by partitions 4 with elastic inclined sashes 5 adjacent to one another. The shutters 5 are located on one of the shoulders of the two-arm levers 6 mounted on the axles 7. On the other shoulder, counterweights 8 are installed with the possibility of their movement along the length of the lever arm and fixing, for example, in the holes 9 with a screw. Axes 7 can be fixed on the walls of the hopper or on the partitions 4. In the lower section, the horizontal working elements 10 are arranged in a checkerboard pattern in the form of angles with their tops up, with holes 11 in the side faces. The working elements 10 are fixed by the ends on the walls of the hopper.

 The hopper operates as follows.

 The material through the upper section 2 feeds on the partition 4 and elastic inclined flaps 5, which rotate on the horizontal axes 7 under the weight of the material and pass the material into the lower section 3. When the material passes through the partition 4, the flaps under the action of levers 6 with counterweights 8 will take their initial position. The counterweight 8 can be moved along the shoulder of the lever 6 and thereby adjust the degree of pressing of the wings 5. Next, the material falls on the horizontal working elements 10, changes the direction of transportation. The speed of transportation is reduced. Air from the inner cavity of the elements 10 exits through the hole 11, which eliminates the possibility of back pressure.

 Thus, the horizontal working elements reduce dust formation in the hopper, and in conjunction with the elastic inclined flaps, dust is emitted from the hopper into the atmosphere, and the insignificant amount of dust that forms in the hopper settles on the walls and partitions of the hopper or is carried out with the material when the hopper is unloaded .

 The positive effect of the use of the invention is that, in comparison with the prototype, a reduction in removal and a reduction in operating costs are provided.

Claims (3)

 1. BUNKER FOR STORAGE AND UNLOADING OF BULK DUSTING MATERIALS, comprising a housing installed in the housing and dividing it into interconnected upper and lower sections by a partition of elastic inclined sashes adjacent to one another with lower ends, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy consumption and to reduce the removal of dust, the flaps are equipped with a mechanism for their clamping, consisting of two-arm levers mounted on them by means of axles with counterweights on one of their shoulders.  2. The hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the balances are mounted with the possibility of their movement along the shoulder and fixation.  3. The hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with staggered corners in the lower section of the housing corners facing upward and having holes in the side faces.

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