RU2009113605A - METHOD FOR PRODUCING ENERGY SOURCE FROM WET GAS FLOW - Google Patents

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ENERGY SOURCE FROM WET GAS FLOW Download PDF

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RU2009113605A
RU2009113605A RU2009113605/05A RU2009113605A RU2009113605A RU 2009113605 A RU2009113605 A RU 2009113605A RU 2009113605/05 A RU2009113605/05 A RU 2009113605/05A RU 2009113605 A RU2009113605 A RU 2009113605A RU 2009113605 A RU2009113605 A RU 2009113605A
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gas stream
water vapor
molecules
hydrogen
reduction
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Раймон ГИОМАРК (FR)
Раймон ГИОМАРК
Бернар ВЕЙ (FR)
Бернар ВЕЙ
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Био Зд Аппликасьон (Fr)
Био Зд Аппликасьон
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C10J3/10—Continuous processes using external heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/80—Other features with arrangements for preheating the blast or the water vapour
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
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    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
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    • C10J2300/0909—Drying
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    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
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    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
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    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
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    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
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    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
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    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1253—Heating the gasifier by injecting hot gas
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
    • C10J2300/1606—Combustion processes
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    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
    • C10J2300/1643—Conversion of synthesis gas to energy
    • C10J2300/1646—Conversion of synthesis gas to energy integrated with a fuel cell
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1671—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity
    • C10J2300/1675—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity making use of a steam turbine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1884—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being synthesis gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1892—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being water/steam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin

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  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
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Abstract

1. Способ получения водорода из газового потока (F1), называемого исходным, содержащего в основном водяной пар (H2O) и CO2, включающий следующие этапы: ! первый этап восстановления части молекул водяного пара углеродсодержащими компонентами с высокой температурой путем проведения указанного исходного газового потока (F1) через слой вещества при высокой температуре, называемого тепловым основанием, содержащий в основном углеродсодержащие компоненты высокой температуры, причем указанное восстановление дает поток синтез-газа, содержащего, с одной стороны, молекулы водорода (H2) и молекулы моноксида углерода (CO), образованные в результате указанного восстановления, и, с другой стороны, CO2 и молекулы остаточных паров воды (H2O) из указанного исходного газового потока, и ! на выходе теплового основания, второй этап восстановления указанных молекул остаточного водяного пара (H2O) при контакте с указанными молекулами моноксида углерода (CO), содержащимися в синтез-газе, причем в результате указанного второго восстановления получаются первый газовый поток (Fg1), содержащий часть водорода (H2) и (CO2), полученных при втором восстановлении, и CO2 из исходного газового потока; ! причем указанное тепловое основание создается сжиганием биомассы в атмосфере O2, влагосодержание которой было снижено. ! 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что второе восстановление вызывается расширением потока синтез-газа в расширительной камере. ! 3. Способ по п.1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что он дополнительно включает в себя этап отделения водорода (H2) от других элементов, содержащихся в первом газовом потоке (Fg1). ! 4. Способ по п.3, отличающийся тем, что он дополнител� 1. A method for producing hydrogen from a gas stream (F1), called the initial one, containing mainly water vapor (H2O) and CO2, including the following steps:! the first step of reducing a portion of the water vapor molecules with high-temperature carbon-containing components by passing said initial gas stream (F1) through a layer of material at a high temperature, called a thermal base, containing mainly high-temperature carbon-containing components, said reduction yielding a synthesis gas stream containing on the one hand, hydrogen molecules (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) molecules formed as a result of said reduction, and, on the other hand, CO2 and residual water vapor (H2O) molecules from said feed gas stream, and! at the outlet of the thermal base, the second stage of reduction of said molecules of residual water vapor (H2O) upon contact with said molecules of carbon monoxide (CO) contained in the synthesis gas, and as a result of said second reduction, a first gas stream (Fg1) containing part of hydrogen is obtained (H2) and (CO2) obtained in the second reduction, and CO2 from the original gas stream; ! moreover, the specified thermal base is created by burning biomass in an atmosphere of O2, the moisture content of which has been reduced. ! 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the second reduction is caused by the expansion of the syngas stream in the expansion chamber. ! 3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising the step of separating hydrogen (H2) from other elements contained in the first gas stream (Fg1). ! 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that it additionally

Claims (18)

1. Способ получения водорода из газового потока (F1), называемого исходным, содержащего в основном водяной пар (H2O) и CO2, включающий следующие этапы:1. The method of producing hydrogen from a gas stream (F1), called the source, containing mainly water vapor (H 2 O) and CO 2 , comprising the following steps: первый этап восстановления части молекул водяного пара углеродсодержащими компонентами с высокой температурой путем проведения указанного исходного газового потока (F1) через слой вещества при высокой температуре, называемого тепловым основанием, содержащий в основном углеродсодержащие компоненты высокой температуры, причем указанное восстановление дает поток синтез-газа, содержащего, с одной стороны, молекулы водорода (H2) и молекулы моноксида углерода (CO), образованные в результате указанного восстановления, и, с другой стороны, CO2 и молекулы остаточных паров воды (H2O) из указанного исходного газового потока, иa first step of recovering a portion of the water vapor molecules with high temperature carbon containing components by conducting said feed gas stream (F1) through a layer of material at a high temperature, called a thermal base, containing mainly carbon containing high temperature components, said reduction producing a synthesis gas stream containing on the one hand, hydrogen molecules (H 2 ) and carbon monoxide (CO) molecules formed as a result of said reduction, and, on the other hand, CO 2 and molecules of residual water vapor (H 2 O) from the specified source gas stream, and на выходе теплового основания, второй этап восстановления указанных молекул остаточного водяного пара (H2O) при контакте с указанными молекулами моноксида углерода (CO), содержащимися в синтез-газе, причем в результате указанного второго восстановления получаются первый газовый поток (Fg1), содержащий часть водорода (H2) и (CO2), полученных при втором восстановлении, и CO2 из исходного газового потока;at the output of the heat base, the second stage of the recovery of these molecules of residual water vapor (H 2 O) in contact with the specified molecules of carbon monoxide (CO) contained in the synthesis gas, and as a result of this second recovery, the first gas stream (Fg1) containing part of the hydrogen (H 2 ) and (CO 2 ) obtained during the second reduction, and CO 2 from the source gas stream; причем указанное тепловое основание создается сжиганием биомассы в атмосфере O2, влагосодержание которой было снижено.wherein said thermal base is created by burning biomass in an O 2 atmosphere, the moisture content of which has been reduced. 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что второе восстановление вызывается расширением потока синтез-газа в расширительной камере.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the second reduction is caused by the expansion of the synthesis gas stream in the expansion chamber. 3. Способ по п.1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что он дополнительно включает в себя этап отделения водорода (H2) от других элементов, содержащихся в первом газовом потоке (Fg1).3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it further includes the step of separating hydrogen (H 2 ) from other elements contained in the first gas stream (Fg1). 4. Способ по п.3, отличающийся тем, что он дополнительно включает в себя аккумулирование водорода (H2).4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that it further includes the accumulation of hydrogen (H 2 ). 5. Способ по одному из пп.1, 2 или 4, отличающийся тем, что он включает в себя выработку электрической энергии в топливном элементе (PAC) из, по меньшей мере, части водорода, причем при выработке производится дополнительно реакционный газ (Fgr), содержащий водяной пар (H2O).5. The method according to one of claims 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that it includes the generation of electric energy in the fuel cell (PAC) from at least a portion of the hydrogen, moreover, the production of additional reaction gas (Fgr) containing water vapor (H 2 O). 6. Способ по п.5, отличающийся тем, что, по меньшей мере, часть водяного пара (H2O), содержащегося в реакционном газе (Fgr), подвергается повторному восстановлению путем проведения водяного пара (H2O) через тепловое основание.6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that at least a portion of the water vapor (H 2 O) contained in the reaction gas (Fgr) is subjected to re-reduction by conducting water vapor (H 2 O) through a heat base. 7. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что он дополнительно включает в себя сжигание, по меньшей мере, части водорода (H2) в газовом котле (Ch), причем при сжигании производится тепловая энергия и газообразные продукты горения (Gc1), содержащие водяной пар (H2O) высокой температуры и низкого давления.7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it further includes burning at least a portion of hydrogen (H 2 ) in a gas boiler (Ch), and when burning, thermal energy and gaseous combustion products (Gc1) are produced, containing water vapor (H 2 O) of high temperature and low pressure. 8. Способ по п.7, отличающийся тем, что, по меньшей мере, часть тепловой энергии, полученной при сжигании водорода (H2), используется для обработки теплоносителя (Fth) с образованием второго газового потока (Fg2), содержащего в основном водяной пар при высокой температуре и высоком давлении.8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that at least a portion of the thermal energy obtained from the combustion of hydrogen (H 2 ) is used to process the coolant (Fth) with the formation of a second gas stream (Fg2) containing mainly water steam at high temperature and high pressure. 9. Способ по п.8, отличающийся тем, что, по меньшей мере, часть водяного пара (H2O), содержащегося во втором газовом потоке (Fg2), используется для производства электричества в паровой турбине (TAV), причем указанное производство включает дополнительно образование третьего газового потока (Fg3), содержащего водяной пар (H2O) низкого давления и низкой температуры.9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that at least a portion of the water vapor (H 2 O) contained in the second gas stream (Fg2) is used to generate electricity in a steam turbine (TAV), said production comprising additionally, the formation of a third gas stream (Fg3) containing water vapor (H 2 O) of low pressure and low temperature. 10. Способ по п.9, отличающийся тем, что он дополнительно включает в себя сжатие, по меньшей мере, части паров воды (H2O) низкой температуры и низкого давления, содержащихся в третьем газовом потоке (Fg3), доводящее указанный водяной пар (H2O) до давления конденсации.10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that it further includes compressing at least part of the water vapor (H 2 O) low temperature and low pressure contained in the third gas stream (Fg3), bringing said water vapor (H 2 O) to condensation pressure. 11. Способ по п.9, отличающийся тем, что он включает в себя восстановление, по меньшей мере, части энергии конденсации водяного пара, полученной после сжатия.11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that it includes the restoration of at least part of the condensation energy of water vapor obtained after compression. 12. Способ по п.10 или 11, отличающийся тем, что, по меньшей мере, часть водяного пара (H2O) используется для производства электричества в паровой турбине (TAV).12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that at least a portion of the water vapor (H 2 O) is used to generate electricity in a steam turbine (TAV). 13. Способ по одному из пп.7-11, отличающийся тем, что, по меньшей мере, часть водяного пара (H2O), содержащегося в газообразных продуктах сгорания (Gc1), повторно обрабатывается для восстановления путем проведения указанного водяного пара через тепловое основание.13. The method according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that at least a portion of the water vapor (H 2 O) contained in the gaseous products of combustion (Gc1) is reprocessed for recovery by conducting said water vapor through heat base. 14. Способ по одному из пп.7-11, отличающийся тем, что сжигание водорода (H2) проводится в атмосфере O2.14. The method according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the combustion of hydrogen (H 2 ) is carried out in an atmosphere of O 2 . 15. Способ по одному из пп.7-11, отличающийся тем, что сжигание водорода (H2) проводится на воздухе.15. The method according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the combustion of hydrogen (H 2 ) is carried out in air. 16. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что он включает в 16. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes себя введение O2 в середину теплового основания, причем введение O2 проводится так, чтобы получить неполное сгорание биомассы (B2), причем неполное сгорание дает молекулы моноксида углерода (CO), по меньшей мере, часть которых участвует в восстановлении молекул H2O.the introduction of O 2 into the middle of the heat base, and the introduction of O 2 is carried out so as to obtain incomplete combustion of biomass (B2), and incomplete combustion gives molecules of carbon monoxide (CO), at least part of which is involved in the restoration of H 2 O molecules. 17. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что исходный газовый поток (F1) содержит, по меньшей мере, часть газового потока (Ft) после обработки биомассы (B1).17. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the source gas stream (F1) contains at least a portion of the gas stream (Ft) after processing the biomass (B1). 18. Система, содержащая средства для осуществления способа по одному из предыдущих пунктов. 18. A system containing means for implementing the method according to one of the preceding paragraphs.
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