RU196670U1 - DEVICE FOR MONITORING POSITIONS OF LOAD ROPES AND LOAD OF A LOADING CRANE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to hoisting-and-transport machinery, is used to collect, control, store and transmit the parameters of the position of the corners of the cargo ropes and the cargo of the crane. The claimed utility model is universal for the following types of lifting machines of both domestic and foreign production: tower cranes, bridge cranes cranes, truck cranes and other lifting mechanisms for lifting and moving cargo on a hook suspension. The technical result of the utility model is to prevent the position of the ropes and monitoring the fluctuations of the load suspended on the ropes of the crane, as well as providing the ability to record data taking into account the fluctuations of the cargo and its position in space, which results in an increase in the safety level of the crane when working with cargo, as well as improving operating conditions and maintenance of a crane. A utility model is implemented in the form of additionally installed on a crane: unit for registering cargo parameters and position the angle of the ropes (1) (including: sensors of the accelerometer (2) and gyroscope (3), a digital computing unit (4), built-in storage device (5) and wireless module (6)) located on the hook suspension of the crane (15), and the storage and broadcast unit for displaying the parameters of the crane (7) (including the microcontroller (9), to which the wireless module (8), the information display device (display) ( 10), non-volatile memory e device (12) and universal port (11) for connection to an external computer (13)), providing for connection to a crane safety device (14) through the universal port (11).

Description

The utility model relates to hoisting-and-transport engineering, is used to collect, control, store and transmit the parameters of the position of the corners of the cargo ropes and the cargo of the crane.

The utility model provides an expansion of the arsenal of technical capabilities of the safety systems of hoisting cranes, both domestic and foreign. The claimed utility model is universal in relation to the following types of hoisting machines: tower cranes, bridge cranes, truck cranes and other hoisting mechanisms that provide lifting and moving cargo on a hook suspension (hereinafter - hoisting crane).

The consequence of using the utility model is to increase the level of safety during the operation of cranes with cargo, because the utility model provides monitoring of the condition of the cargo, which allows timely detection of not only dangerous swinging of the cargo when moving it, but also violations of the established technology of loading (unloading) allowed by workers, serving the work of a crane.

Known devices, such as:

- A control device for the swinging of the load suspended on a movable element provided with an engine, which can move along the horizontal axis. The control device comprises a control unit and an inertial platform. The inertial platform is able to determine the characteristic values of the angle of inclination of the cable, which supports the load, relative to the vertical and is equipped with a means of transmitting these values to the control unit. The control unit is equipped with a means of measuring and controlling the speed of the movable element provided with the engine and is able to process these values characterizing the angle of inclination of the cable relative to the vertical in order to calculate and transmit control actions aimed at dynamically changing the speed of the movable element equipped with the engine depending on the desired angle of inclination of the cable relative to verticals. The control unit comprises a proportional controller with a change in gain, provided with means for calculating a variable gain used to control the speed of the movable element provided with the engine depending on the distance from the load to the movable element equipped with the engine. A method for controlling load swinging and a control device for a lifting device are also proposed. Achieved stabilization of the oscillations of the load, both during normal operations, and because of the stages of sharp braking or acceleration (patent RU 2 676 210 C1).

The disadvantages of this device and method are the complexity (multicomponentness) of a design with a large number of technical elements that reduces the economic efficiency of using such a device. In addition, the very location of the sensors of the accelerometer and gyroscope in the structure (on an inertial platform located on the fixed terminal of the cable supporting the load capturing element) negatively affects the reliability of this device, and also determines the complexity of the process of its installation and maintenance.

- A monitoring system of a lifting machine, comprising: a device for recording parameters of a lifting machine, including a digital computing unit, peripheral devices for recording parameters of a lifting machine and built-in storage device associated with a digital computing unit with a digital communication line; and a unit for archiving and translating the parameters of the lifting machine, which includes a controller to which a non-volatile storage device and a port for communication with an external computer are connected. The parameter archiving and translation unit is connected to a digital communication line and is equipped with a port connected to the controller for connection to a digital communication line and an indication device. A solid-state easily removable storage device was used as a non-volatile storage device, and the digital communication line is made in the form of an interface bus for the exchange of information between the components of the operating parameter registration device and the parameter archiving and translation unit (patent RU 172 638 U1).

The disadvantage of this device is its inability to take into account the position of the corners of the cargo ropes, which is the second most important task (after evaluating the determination of the mass of the cargo) of safety devices installed on hoisting cranes.

Closest to the claimed utility model is a device for determining the position of the hook, comprising: a tool for measuring the angle, configured to measure the angle between the coordinate axis of the second coordinate system and the corresponding coordinate axis of the first coordinate system in real time; acceleration meter, configured to measure the acceleration of the hook in a given direction in real time; a processor configured to create a first coordinate system and a second coordinate system, wherein the first coordinate system is set relative to the predetermined position and the second coordinate system is set relative to the hook, while the coordinate axis of the first coordinate system corresponds to the coordinate axis of the second coordinate system; and the position parameters of the hook in the first coordinate system are obtained based on the angle measured by the angle measuring tool and the acceleration measured by the acceleration meter; and an output device configured to provide position parameters (patent RU 2 516 812 C2).

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of a systematic approach to ensuring the possibilities of its actual use (there is no possibility of connecting it to the safety devices of a crane, recording, and subsequent processing and analysis of the parameters of work with the load).

The claimed utility model is devoid of the above drawbacks and is a fundamentally new universal device that extends the functionality of safety devices installed on hoisting cranes by monitoring the positions of cargo ropes and cargo suspended on a hook suspension of a hoisting crane. The utility model is characterized by ease of execution and structural efficiency achieved by minimizing (compared with devices of a similar purpose) the number of electronic components used in it.

The technical result of the utility model is to prevent the oblique position of the ropes and control the oscillations of the load suspended on the ropes of the crane, as well as providing the ability to record data that takes into account the fluctuations of the load and its position in space, which results in an increase in the safety level of the crane when working with cargo, as well as improving operating conditions and maintenance of the crane. In addition, the ability to record and analyze recorded data, developed as part of a utility model, will allow creating algorithms for optimizing the workflow (loading / unloading) at the software level that increase the economic efficiency of the operation of a crane.

A utility model is implemented in the form of the following units additionally installed on a hoisting crane in series functionally interconnected by wireless communication:

- a unit for recording cargo parameters and rope angle positions (including: accelerometer and gyroscope sensors, digital computing unit, built-in storage device and wireless communication module) mounted directly on the hook suspension of the crane;

- a storage and broadcasting unit for displaying the parameters of the crane (including a microcontroller to which the wireless module is connected, an information display device in the form of a display for visualizing the parameters, non-volatile storage device and a universal port for communication with an external computer) installed directly in the crane cabin crane or made in the form of a portable device (for models of hoisting cranes, not equipped with a driver’s cab (operator)). At the storage and broadcasting unit of the display of the parameters of the crane, it is possible to connect to the safety device (both foreign and Russian-made) through the universal port.

In the drawing (figure 1) presents a structural block diagram of a utility model containing sequentially functionally interconnected by wireless:

- a unit for recording cargo parameters and rope angle positions (1) (including an accelerometer sensor (2) connected to a digital computer unit (4), a gyroscope sensor (3), which, in turn, has two-way communication with an integrated storage device ( 5) and wireless module (6));

- a storage and broadcasting unit for displaying parameters of a crane (7) (including a wireless communication module (8) connected by two-way communication with a controller (9), to which an information display device (10), a universal port (11), and non-volatile storage device easily removable drive (12)), which, in turn, has the ability to connect to an external computer (13) through a universal port (11) .

The drawing (diagram) (Fig. 2) shows a variant of the structural block diagram of a utility model comprising functionally interconnected wirelessly and described above: a unit for recording cargo parameters and rope angle positions (1) and a storage and broadcasting unit for displaying the lifting parameters crane (7), which, in turn, is connected through a universal port (11) with a safety device (14).

The drawing (Fig. 3) schematically shows the location of the utility model (in the composition described in the structural block diagram (Fig. 2)) relative to the crane, where: the unit for registering cargo parameters and the position of the angle of the ropes (1) is mounted on the hook suspension of the crane of the crane (15), and the storage and broadcasting unit for displaying the parameters of the crane (7), connected wirelessly to the safety device of the crane (14), is located in the cockpit (operator) of the crane (16).

In case of occurrence of: oblique position of cargo ropes, instability of cargo (when sling is improperly performed), load swinging (during wind loads and (or) when moving cargo), collision of cargo with counter objects, spontaneous unloading of cargo, breakage of cargo ropes, tightening of cargo , - the sensors of the accelerometer (2) and gyroscope (3) record the displacement of the hook suspension with the load relative to the center in three planes, along the x, y, z coordinate axes. The signals from the sensors (2) and (3) are processed digitally a calculating unit (4), which further transfers the processed data to the built-in storage device (5) and the wireless communication module (6), which, in turn, transmits a signal to the wireless communication module (8) as part of the storage and transmission unit and displaying the load-lifting parameters crane (7). From the wireless communication module (8), the signal is transmitted to the controller (9), which, in turn, transmits the signal to the information display device (10), with which the driver (operator) of the crane can track in three planes (along the x axes, y, z) the state and position of the suspended load, while the controller (9) records the received information about the state and position of the load on a non-volatile storage device of an easily removable drive (12), which allows, even in the absence of wireless communication, to ensure convenient transfer of information stored in the storage unit and broadcast display of the parameters of the crane (7), for its subsequent processing in an external computer without dismantling the specified unit. At the same time, which is extremely important, the storage and broadcasting unit for displaying the parameters of the crane (7) remains resistant to the usual levels of vibration and shock loads characteristic of lifting machines.

Connection to the controller of the storage and broadcast unit of the display of the crane parameters (9) of the wireless module (8), adapted for exchanging information with both the wireless module of the external computer (13) and the wireless module of the module for registering cargo parameters and rope angle positions (6), allows to simplify the transfer to the external computer of information about the registered parameters for its further processing.

When connecting the safety device of the crane (14) through the universal port (11) to the storage unit, broadcast and display the parameters of the crane (7), depending on the values of the transmitted data, the actions necessary for a particular situation are provided with the aim of preventing an emergency ( in accordance with the values of the invalid parameters programmed in the safety device of the crane (14)): damping the oscillations of the load suspended on the ropes of the lifting crane crane; prevention of the oblique position of the ropes, stopping work.

Claims (3)

1. A monitoring device for the provisions of the cargo ropes and the load of the crane, containing the sensors of the accelerometer and gyroscope, characterized in that these sensors are included in a unit made in a single housing and mounted on a hook suspension of the crane for recording the parameters of the load and the position of the angle of the ropes, containing, in addition to in addition, a digital computing unit, an integrated storage device and a wireless communication module in which information from axel sensors is collected, processed and stored an aerometer and a gyroscope, and the use of information from these sensors is carried out in a storage and broadcasting unit for displaying the parameters of a crane, connected via a wireless connection with a unit for registering cargo parameters and rope angle positions, including a microcontroller to which a wireless communication module, an information display device non-volatile memory device and universal port for communication with an external computer installed directly in the operator's cab crane and connects through a universal port or the wireless communication module to an external computer. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the storage unit and broadcast display parameters of the crane is made in the form of a portable device. 3. The device according to p. 1 or 2, characterized in that the storage unit and broadcast display parameters of the crane is connected to the safety device of the crane through the universal port.

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