RU182455U1 - LONG-BURNING WATER-SOLID FUEL BOILER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power system, in particular, to installations for burning solid fuels, such as coal, sawdust, peat, pieces of wood, a mixture of these fuels, and can be used on hot water boilers to increase the efficiency of burning fuel by improving the mixing of secondary blast air with products of gasification of fuel, in particular to mine-type boilers of the upper combustion. The solid-fuel hot-water boiler of long burning with solid fuel allows heating houses, cottages or country houses, as well as industrial facilities. The boiler allows you to burn coal of any quality, designed for space heating. The technical result is an improvement in operating conditions by creating the conditions for complete combustion of fuel, which allows to improve the performance characteristics of the system of a solid fuel boiler long burning in relation to energy transfer by reducing losses in the air flow on the way to the burning center, increasing the burning time without loss of thermal energy for account of controlled combustion by controlled flow, fast heating and coolant circulation during the passage from the return pipes to the system, is optimal I convection air and complete combustion of the pyrolysis gas fuel, thereby reducing emissions of harmful gases into the atmosphere.

Description

The utility model relates to a power system, in particular, to installations for burning solid fuels, such as coal, sawdust, peat, pieces of wood, a mixture of these fuels, and can be used on hot water boilers to increase the efficiency of burning fuel by improving the mixing of secondary blast air with products of gasification of fuel, in particular to mine-type boilers of the upper combustion.

The solid-fuel hot-water boiler of long burning with solid fuel allows heating houses, cottages or country houses, as well as industrial facilities. The boiler allows you to burn coal of any quality, designed for space heating.

The technical result is an improvement in operating conditions by creating the conditions for complete combustion of fuel, which allows to improve the performance characteristics of the system of a solid fuel boiler long burning in relation to energy transfer by reducing losses in the air flow on the way to the burning center, increasing the burning time without loss of thermal energy for account of controlled combustion by controlled flow, fast heating and coolant circulation during the passage from the return pipes to the system, is optimal I convection air and complete combustion of the pyrolysis gas fuel, thereby reducing emissions of harmful gases into the atmosphere.

Known technical solution, application No. 2013131422, patent No. RU 139 341, Priority: 07/10/2013, publ. 04/20/2014, IPC F23B 101/00 (2006.01), F24H 1/24 (2006.01), F23B 60/00 (2006.01), F23L 9/02 (2006.01), F23L 1/00 (2006.01), F23L 15/00 ( 2006.01), name: UPPER COMBUSTION HEATING UNIT, Upper combustion heater, containing a housing in which the combustion chamber is made, there are two windows with hermetically sealed doors for loading fuel and for removing ash, a cavity for supplying coolant and removing it to the consumer, a device for air supply and distribution in the combustion chamber, in which the air distributor is connected via a telescopic pipe to the chamber for air heating, characterized in that the pipe connected to the bottom of the grate is connected to this chamber, the coolant inlet pipe and its outlet pipe to the consumer are equipped with three-way valves, between which a pipe is fixed for recirculating the coolant in its cavity, and the air distributor is made in the form of a conical tip , in the upper part of which a hollow disk is mounted, which forms an annular gap between itself and the inner wall of the combustion chamber, holes are made in the walls of the disk in the form of nozzles for equal omeric distribution of the consumed volume of air supplied through the cavity of said telescopic pipe using a pneumatic pump.

The closest is the technical solution, application RU, No. 2013114836, patent No. 132530, Priority: 04/02/2013, publ. 09/20/2013, IPC F24H 1/24 (2006.01), name: LONG-BURNING SOLID FUEL BOILER, Long-burning solid fuel boiler contains a heat exchanger with an ash pan located under it, to which an air intake is connected, a heat exchanger made in the form of a vertically mounted tank, inside of which there is a top parts there is a fuel hopper with a door for loading fuel and at least one gas duct, the outlet of which is led to the top of the fuel hopper, where a chimney is connected to it, and inside the bottom of the heat exchanger tank there is a firebox with a grate and additional air ducts, characterized in that at least one combustion chamber is installed in the furnace along the inner wall of the heat exchanger and combustion catalysts are located in it, with the entrance of the combustion chamber located above the grate and its output connected to the entrance gas duct, and the outlets of the additional air ducts introduced into the afterburner.

A solid fuel long-burning boiler containing a housing made in the form of a vertically mounted tank in which a solid fuel combustion chamber is made above the water grate, an air duct for supplying air and distributing it in the combustion chamber, a heat exchanger with an ash pan located below it, and in the combustion chamber at least one flue, while the outlet of the flue and a door for loading fuel is discharged into the upper part of the combustion chamber, and the grate is located in the lower part of the combustion chamber additional air ducts and ducts, characterized in that the duct and nozzles for supplying air are located in the side walls of the boiler along the perimeter of the combustion chamber, the duct being located along the vertical side walls of the boiler body and connected by nozzles for supplying air to the combustion chamber, corner nozzles for air supply to the combustion chamber are located at the corners of the combustion chamber, and the side nozzles are located in the side walls of the boiler and pass through a water jacket, the heat exchanger is made in the form of vertically and mountains of installed tanks, under which an ash pan is provided, equipped with an ash pan, the heat exchanger is connected to the pipe supply line for supplying heated water and a return pipe line, the supply and return pipe nozzles are located in the side walls of the boiler, in order to return the coolant to the boiler in two ways.

A long-burning solid-fuel boiler is characterized in that the water jacket of the boiler is 25 mm. Loading and ash hatches are made with the possibility of adjustment at 4 points, and the ability to change the opening side. The long-burning boiler is made of steel 09G2S with a thickness of 5 mm.

The utility model is illustrated by the following drawings,

FIG. 1 - Side view

FIG. 2 - Rear view

FIG. 3 - Top view

FIG. 4 - General view

FIG. 5 - Cross section of a solid fuel boiler of long burning.

The technical result is achieved as follows. The air duct (1) is located along the vertical side walls of the boiler body and is connected by nozzles for supplying air to the combustion chamber (2), which increases the burning time without loss of thermal energy. At the same time, for automatic air supply, automation can be additionally used, which allows for smooth adjustment of the fan speed of the boost air into the combustion chamber (2) and, due to combustion control and controlled supply, burn fuel more economically, consume less electricity, and also increase the service life fan and more precisely control combustion, due to a slow decrease in boost power as it approaches the set temperature. The corner nozzles (3) for supplying air to the combustion chamber (2) are located at the corners of the combustion chamber (2), and the side nozzles (4) are located in the side walls of the boiler and pass through a water jacket, while the supplied air is heated when it is supplied to the combustion chamber (2), there is optimal air convection and complete combustion of the pyrolysis fuel gases, which reduces emissions of harmful gases into the atmosphere, and the blowing space acts as a receiver, which balances the pressure on the nozzles. The heat exchanger (5) is connected to the supply line of the pipe (6) for supplying heated water to it and the return line of the pipe (7), which are located in the side walls of the boiler, in order to return the coolant to the boiler in two ways, which makes it possible to more quickly and efficiently heat the returning coolant . As a heat carrier for the heat exchanger, as a rule, water is used. The water jacket of the boiler is 25 mm and provides fast heating and circulation of the coolant during the passage from the pipes of the outlet of the heated water to the system. The boiler is made of steel 09G2S with a thickness of 5 mm. The loading hatch (8) and the ash hatch (9) are made with the possibility of adjustment at 4 points, and the possibility of changing the opening side, while the cleaning hatches of the heat exchanger (10) are located in the upper and side walls of the boiler body, made with fastening at 2 points, which provides security.

A solid-fuel boiler for long burning works as follows, through the loading hatch (8), solid fuel is loaded to the top of the combustion chamber (2), which can be used as coal, sawdust, peat, pieces of wood, a mixture of these types of fuel. Most often, coal is used as solid fuel. The coal combustion air enters through the duct (1) through the corner nozzles of the air supply (3) and the side nozzles (4). Ignition of coal produces through the loading hatch (8). Coal burns from top to bottom. The hot air-gas mixture formed from burning coal enters the gas ducts (11) giving heat to the inner wall of the heat exchanger (10) and the heat carrier inside it - water, and also the coal located in the combustion chamber is heated (2). Further, the burnt gases through the chimney (12) are emitted into the atmosphere, or fed to the economizer, where they give off residual heat. The ash formed from the combustion of coal wakes up through the grate (13) to the ash pan (14), from where it is periodically removed as it accumulates through the ash hatch (9). The blower fan is designed to control the volume of air supplied to the combustion chamber (2) by means of nozzles and supports the combustion of coal, which can be of different grades, fractions, humidity, etc. In this way, the boiler control process can be automated. With the complete combustion of the gas-air mixture, the carbon dioxide content of CO decreases, which improves the environmental characteristics of the boiler emissions and its efficiency (COP). A boiler of this design performs high-quality full combustion. It also increases the operating time of the boiler at one charge into the combustion chamber, and the content of carbon monoxide (CO) in the exhaust flue gases decreases. This boiler provides a long, gradual and stable heating of heated rooms with solid fuel.

A long-burning solid fuel boiler increases the efficiency of burning solid fuel loaded into it and, accordingly, increases its efficiency. In this case, the duration of burning of one load of solid fuel increases and is determined only by the total calorific value of the loaded mass of solid fuel at a time. In addition, the environmental performance of boiler emissions is improved.

Claims (4)

1. A solid-fuel boiler for long burning, comprising a housing made in the form of a vertically mounted tank, in which a solid fuel combustion chamber is arranged above the water grate, an air duct for supplying air and distributing it in the combustion chamber, a heat exchanger with an ash pan located below it, and in the chamber at least one gas duct is located in the combustion chamber, while the outlet of the gas duct and a door for loading fuel are discharged into the upper part of the combustion chamber, and the grate is located in the lower part of the combustion chamber additional air duct and ducts, characterized in that the duct and nozzles for supplying air are located in the side walls of the boiler along the perimeter of the combustion chamber, while the duct is located along the vertical side walls of the boiler and is connected by nozzles for supplying air to the combustion chamber, corner nozzles for supplying air to the combustion chamber are located at the corners of the combustion chamber, and the side nozzles are located in the side walls of the boiler and pass through a water jacket, the heat exchanger is made in the form of a vertical and izontalno installed tanks, by which the ash pan is provided with an ash hatch, a heat exchanger is connected to supply pipe line for supplying the heated water therein and the return pipe lines, nozzles flow and return lines are arranged in the side walls of the boiler for the return of coolant to the boiler in two ways. 2. A long-burning solid fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the boiler water jacket is at least 25 mm. 3. A long-burning solid fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading and ash hatches are made with the possibility of adjustment at 4 points and the ability to change the opening side. 4. The solid-fuel boiler for long burning according to claim 1, characterized in that the boiler for long burning is made of steel 09G2S with a thickness of 5 mm.

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