RU180856U1 - Automated information device for remote monitoring of hazardous objects - Google Patents

Abstract

It relates to the field of automation of control of parameters of technological processes of hazardous objects, namely, devices for collecting and displaying on the operator’s screen information from measuring transducers having an output in the form of an analog voltage signal or a digital output with an RS-485 interface. The technical result of the claimed utility model consists in improving the reliability of AIUDK. Also, in creating the possibility of using the device for various types of industrial and civilian objects. The automated information device for remote monitoring of hazardous object parameters contains (in Fig. 1) a workstation connected via a local Ethernet network (1) based on a personal electronic computer (PC) (2), made in the form of a server and microprocessor controllers (3, 4), which are connected to the sensors (5, 6) using analog wired (7), digital wired (8) and wireless and. A workstation - a server based on a personal computer (2) with a complex of software and hardware is located in the housing (9) of the personal computer (2), which is shielded from radiation and electromagnetic radiation, dust and moisture-proof, and with vibration protection. In the case (9), there are additionally located controlled hubs (10) of several hierarchy levels, microprocessor controllers (3, 4), and wireless network coordinators (11). The case (9) itself is equipped with connectors for external antennas (12), wire sensors (13), an external relay block (14), combined devices (15) and standard connectors for peripheral equipment (16) PCs (2) .To connectors (12, 13 , 14, 15 and 16) external antennas (17) can be connected respectively, wired sensors (5, 6), an external relay block (18) with peripheral information output devices (19) and emergency automation devices (20) can be connected using cables as well as combined devices (21) with own sensors (22) and peripheral equipment (23) PCs (2), in building (9) managed hubs (10) of several levels of the hierarchy are connected through a local area network Ethernet (1) and with microprocessor controllers (3, 4). At the same time, microprocessor controllers are made in two versions. In the first embodiment, microprocessor controllers (3) are configured to interrogate sensors via an analog interface via wired communication (7). In the second embodiment, microprocessor controllers (4) are capable of polling wire sensors (5) via the RS-485 digital interface (8) and RS-485 digital interface (8) to communicate with wireless network coordinators (11). Wireless network coordinators (11) are capable of interrogating wireless sensors (6) and wireless combined devices (24) containing their own microprocessor controllers with internal and external sensors (25), while these controlled hubs (10) and microprocessor controllers (3, 4) are made with the possibility of individual control and adjustment. Controlled concentrators (10) and microprocessor controllers (3, 4) can be performed using element base with increased resistance to temperature, vibration radiation and radiation exposure. Cables of the local Ethernet network (1) and wired communication (7, 8) between the sensors (5) and microprocessor controllers (3, 4) can be shielded. 2 s.p. f-ly, 8 ill.

Description

The inventive automated information device for remote monitoring (AIUDK) of parameters of hazardous objects relates to the field of automation of control of technological parameters of hazardous objects, namely, complexes for collecting and displaying on the operator’s screen information from transducers having an output in the form of an analog voltage signal or digital output with RS-485 or Ethernet interface.

The applicant’s developments are known - Avangard OJSC “Device for controlling the concentration of hazardous gases” according to the patent of the Russian Federation: RU 2411511 C1 dated 02.10.2011, IPC ⁸ G01N 27/12, G01W 1/00 - [1] and “Flow control system leakages of household gas in apartment buildings ”according to the patent of the Russian Federation: RU 2414003 C1 dated 03/10/2011, IPC ⁸ G08B 17/10, G08B 25/00 - [2].

However, these technical solutions are narrowly targeted and solve problems only for controlling leakages of domestic and hazardous gases. In the presented form, these systems cannot be universally used to solve other problems, and even more so are applied at especially dangerous civil and special purpose facilities.

Known analog "intelligent building management system based on the data cloud" of China Patent: CN 202794982 U on 13.03.2013, IPC ⁸ G05B 19/418 - [3], characterized by using the cloud computing and control platform, which greatly reduces performance system, as well as its reliability, because the system depends on the remote server and the state of the communication channels to this server.

The analogue “Automatic dam safety monitoring system” according to the Chinese patent: CN 202837989 U dated 03/27/2013, IPC 8 G05B 19/418 - [4], is a highly specialized system for dam monitoring. This analogue has one network level, and this does not allow the creation of extended systems with a wide coverage of the territory.

In the analogue "System for transmitting and processing signals about the state of objects" according to the patent for invention RU 2087036 C1 dated 08/10/1997, IPC ⁶ G08C 19/00, G08B 25/00 - [5] a local Ethernet computing network is used, which increases noise immunity system. However, the analogue does not have wireless communication between system elements, which significantly narrows the scope of its application.

The analogue “Monitoring system for the safe operation of buildings and civil engineering structures” according to the patent for the invention of the Russian Federation: RU 2472129 C1 of 10.01.2013, IPC ⁸ G01M 7/00 - [6], contains an automated workstation (AWS), diagnostic objects, a digital communication line, signal preprocessing units, a block of parametric sensors of the state of construction of diagnostic objects, a block of fire sensors, a block of sensors for the chemical composition of air, a block of sensors for the chemical composition of water, a computer, a color mnemonic display device Live and alarm status diagnostic object, an alarm device, a microcomputer.

However, a limited set of types of sensors is used in the system [6], since the system is intended only for monitoring the safe operation of buildings and civil engineering structures. In the system [6], instead of the local Ethernet computing network, the network of a regional telecom operator is used, which significantly reduces the reliability of the system and its versatility.

Known analogs "complex hardware and software process control automation" patent for the invention of Russian Federation: RU 2279117 C2 27-02-2006 by year, ⁸ IPC G05B 19/418, G05B 15/02 - [7], and "complex hardware and software automation tools for technological process control "PASSAT" ”according to the patent for a utility model of the Russian Federation: RU 35902 U1 dated 02.10.2004, IPC ⁸ G05B 15/02 - [8], contain workstations and servers connected via personal Ethernet network on the basis of personal electronic computers (PCs), as well as controllers and fun national modules. Functional (MF) programmable logic integrated circuits (FPGAs) built into each module support the “flashing” of almost any signal processing and control algorithms that are adequate to the tasks that the designer assigns to this module. There are three options for building systems based on the complex: centralized management; local management; distributed management.

A disadvantage of the known complexes [7] and [8] is that they have a wide range of modules with a programmable structure, which reduces the reliability and maintainability of the modules. Also in these complexes there are no wireless connections with sensors, which narrows the scope of their application.

In the analogue "Automated system for managing civil and industrial facilities" according to the patent for a utility model of the Russian Federation: RU 91635 U1 dated 02.20.2010, IPC ⁸ G05B 15/00 - [9], the Profinet data transfer protocol is used, which significantly complicates the software system hardware (more expensive systems, especially hardware). The Profinet data transfer protocol is difficult to coordinate with most used off-the-shelf (existing) devices. In addition, in the known system there are no wireless connections with sensors, which in some conditions of application of the system is extremely necessary.

The well-known "Complex of hardware and software automation of diagnosis and control of devices and process control" according to the patent for a utility model of the Russian Federation: RU 61438 U1, dated 02.27.2007, IPC8 G05B 15/00 - [10], contains integrated via a local computer network Ethernet workstations, workstations and servers based on personal electronic computers, as well as Ethernet-based controllers based on industrial computers for collecting and processing information from monitored devices of the functional modules of input tasks and issue control commands, and associated controllers via the standard interface communication hubs.

The disadvantage of the complex [10] is that the monitored devices containing the com-interface are connected to the communication hub via the “current loop” line, one device - one physical connection (connection to the hub port). In this case, the hub has a limited number of ports (interfaces) for connection.

In addition to the above analogues are additionally known:

- “The system for monitoring remote maintenance-free facilities and collecting data on consumed electricity - hardware and software complex" ELECTRON "according to the patent for a utility model of the Russian Federation: RU 147253 U1 dated 10.27.2014, IPC G06F 17/40, G06Q 50/06 - [11 ], contains an input and distribution device (ASU) installed from a telecommunication cabinet, including an electricity meter, an object controller (KO) with measuring and discrete sensors connected to it, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) connected to the power leads, while the KO is made with is possible the ability to collect information from measuring and discrete sensors, transmitting it to the monitoring center. The QA is connected to the electricity meter and is configured to monitor the parameters of the UPS, read the energy meter readings, transmit information about the events of the facility and the consumed electricity to the center for monitoring and receiving control commands from the monitoring center for impact on the KO and UPS. The switchgear includes a 220 V power failure sensor connected to an electricity meter, which is connected to the input of the switch, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the input of the UPS and directly to the power leads (outlet block), one of which is connected to the KO. To communicate with the monitoring center via a wired communication channel, a switch is installed in the telecommunication cabinet, the KO is connected to the Ethernet connector, and for communication with the monitoring center via a wireless communication channel, a modem is installed in the telecommunication cabinet to which the KO is connected. The QoS is configured to monitor the hanging of the switch and receive control commands from the monitoring center to act on the switch.

The disadvantage of the analogue [11] is that it is specialized for monitoring remote maintenance-free objects and collecting data on consumed electricity, and is designed to collect information from a small number of sensors and does not allow monitoring of complex objects. Also in this device there is no way to work with wireless sensors and combined devices.

- “Hierarchical training system for training officials” according to the patent for a utility model of the Russian Federation: RU 90247 U1 dated 12/27/2009, IPC ⁸ G09B 9/00, G09B 19/00 - [12], includes K local area networks corresponding to K levels of the control body, with each local computer network including n workstations based on personal computers, local computer networks are interconnected by communication equipment, and M workstations at the lower control level through the device are connected They are connected with simulators for individual weapons. L workstations contain devices for interfacing with previously developed simulators for weapons models.

The disadvantage of the analogue [12] is that it is specialized for staff training, and the use of concentrators of one or more hierarchy levels is used for a different purpose than in the technical solution stated below.

- "Intelligent field controller for controlling electric actuators BU3-2" according to the patent for utility model of the Russian Federation: RU 19936 U1 dated 10.10.2001, IPC ⁷ G05B 13/00 - [13], contains an output position sensor connected to the electric actuator the mechanism shaft, a contactless power switching unit connected to the control unit, a communication unit connected to the system controller via a field line, and a power supply unit. A standardization unit has been introduced into the circuit between the contactless power switching unit and the electric actuator, which detects voltage signals proportional to the load currents in three phases using probes and converts them into unipolar voltage signals, and an electric motor diagnostic unit is introduced into the electric actuator circuit state of rest and power network, tracking changes in the resistance of the stator windings of the electric motor of the electric actuator, c the power circuit of the power network at the input and output of the electric actuator, monitoring the voltage in the network, as well as displaying these parameters when they exceed acceptable limits, while the communication unit is made in the form of a microprocessor controller that decrypts messages and commands, converts analog signals from the sensor the position of the output shaft of the mechanism in digital form, and the position sensor of the output shaft of the mechanism is made in the form of a magnetically sensitive non-contact angle converter the output shaft of the mechanism into an electric signal.

The disadvantage of the analogue [13] is that it has a narrow specialization, and cannot be used for distributed and simultaneous control of many parameters of especially dangerous objects.

- “Automation of limiting the voltage reduction on substation tires” according to the patent for a utility model of the Russian Federation: RU 67302 U1 dated 10.10.2007, IPC ⁸ G05F 1/30 - [14], contains a block for automatically switching off consumers and a block for allowing automatic re-switching of feeders, the input of which is connected to the automation output, the input of the consumer shutdown automation unit is connected to the automation input.

The disadvantage of the analogue [14] is that although it controls the external relay blocks. However, this device also has a narrow specialization, and cannot be used for distributed and simultaneous control of many parameters of especially dangerous objects.

- "Information management system for complex safety monitoring of a hazardous production facility" according to the patent for the invention of the Russian Federation: RU 2536351 C1 dated 12/20/2014, IPC ⁸ G06F 17/00, G08B 23/00, G01W 1/00 - [15], contains means of obtaining full-scale data of the technological process and the environmental situation of the sections of the hazardous production facility in time, including:

sensors of concentration of vapors of liquid hazardous substances in the air, sensors of the level and losses of liquid hazardous substances on the equipment for the transfer of hazardous substances in technological areas equipped with emergency response panels,

sensors of concentration of vapors of liquid hazardous substances in the air, sensors of the level, losses and temperature of liquid hazardous substances located in storage areas,

sensors of concentration of vapors of liquid hazardous substances in the air, sensors of level and losses of liquid hazardous substances and video cameras located on loading and unloading racks,

programmable switches, to the inputs of which the above-mentioned sensors are connected, and the outputs through the primary information routers are connected with visual displays of technological process data and environmental conditions, and with local technological networks of storage areas, each of which is equipped with an automated workstation of the site master, configured to take into account the current expenditures of inter-maintenance and overhaul period of peripheral equipment, assessment of local safety level and local control the influences of peripheral equipment to ensure the established level of security, each of the site networks is connected through the site router to the unified technological network of the enterprise, connected through the video concentrator to the mentioned cameras, and through the administrative network router - to the administrative network to which the workstation of the workshop master is connected, Workstation of the workshop services, database server, and through the central router - to information-analytical skom middle enterprises, integrated security controls that are part of the server information and analytical centers of local information-controlling systems of hazardous production facilities for a comprehensive assessment of the safety of dangerous production of the following areas: safety process technology; equipment safety and environmental safety, as well as on-line dispatch service of the enterprise, made with the possibility of multilevel local and centralized control actions while simultaneously informing territorial emergency control services, while all routers are equipped with the same software, and each router is designed as a network computer with the ability to transfer information packets from telemetry switches and adjacent routers.

The disadvantage of the analogue [15] is its complexity in view of the use of many automated workstations of site masters, as well as local technological networks of storage areas, and as a result low reliability and high cost of the system. Also in this device there is no way to work with wireless sensors and combined devices. In addition, the analogue cannot be used on those types of especially hazardous objects in which there are elevated temperatures, vibrations and radiation, since the protective equipment is not used in the analogs.

- Technical solution: "ONBOARD CONTROLLER FOR MULTISTATE WINDOWS" according to the patent for US invention: US 2015049378 (A1) dated 12.19.2014, IPC G02F 1/161, G02F 1/163 - [16], made with the possibility of direct connection to the local computer network, while the controller has its own sensors.

However, the given analogue [16] is made according to a complex scheme and additionally contains an information display screen, which is not necessary in our device.

The prototype of the claimed utility model is “Automated information system for remote control and control of technological parameters of industrial and civil facilities” according to the patent for utility model of the Russian Federation: RU 86022 U1 dated 08/20/2009, IPC ⁸ G05B 15/00, G05B 19/00 - [17 ]. The prototype contains a software and hardware complex that combines through a local area network Ethernet Ethernet distributed workstations, servers based on personal electronic computers, as well as industrial microprocessor controllers connected via Ethernet. Moreover, the prototype further includes distributed peripheral stations connected to the monitored devices, and workstations are configured to connect to distributed peripheral stations using optical, copper or wireless technologies. Monitored devices can be equipped with physical serial ports, and workstations are configured to connect to monitored devices via interface converters or directly through two-four-wire buses using external or internal driver adapters.

The disadvantage of the prototype [17] is its complexity in view of the use of many workstations based on personal computers and servers, and as a result low reliability and high cost. An additional disadvantage of the prototype is that it is difficult to apply to different types of industrial and civil facilities, which carry out a variety of technological processes, since the prototype device involves the management of these technological processes, which in most cases requires design and technological refinement of these objects, and requires changes in their design and operational documentation. The prototype [17] also cannot be used for remote monitoring of the parameters of hazardous objects, since it does not use security elements.

The essence of the technical solution is as follows: “Automated information device for remote monitoring (AIUDK) of hazardous object parameters” contains a workstation based on a personal computer (Ethernet) based on a personal electronic computer (PC) - servers and microprocessor controllers that are connected to the sensors using wired analog, wired digital and wireless. The workstation is made in the form of a single server based on a PC with a complex of software and hardware. The PC case is made shielded from radiation and electromagnetic radiation, dust-moisture-proof and with vibration protection. In the PC case, additionally located are controlled concentrators of several levels of the hierarchy, microprocessor controllers, and wireless network coordinators. The PC case is equipped with connectors for external antennas, wire sensors, an external relay unit, combined devices and standard connectors for the PC peripheral equipment. External antennas can be connected to the connectors accordingly, and wired sensors, an external relay unit with peripheral information output devices and emergency automation devices, as well as combined devices with own sensors and PC peripheral equipment are connected using cables. In the PC case, managed concentrators of several levels of the hierarchy are interconnected through a local Ethernet network with each other and with microprocessor controllers.

Microprocessor controllers are made in two versions, in the first version - with the possibility of polling sensors on the analog interface via wired communication, in the second version - with the possibility of polling wire sensors on the digital RS-485 interface and communication on the RS-485 digital interface with wireless network coordinators, made with the possibility of polling wireless sensors and wireless combined devices containing their own microprocessor controllers with internal and external sensors. Managed hubs and microprocessor controllers are made with the possibility of individual control and configuration. PCs, controlled concentrators and microprocessor controllers can be made using element base with high resistance to temperature, vibration and radiation influences. Cables of the Ethernet local area network and wired communication between the sensors and microprocessor controllers can be shielded.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the reliability of AIUDK. Additionally, the technical result consists in creating the possibility of using the device for different types of industrial and civil facilities, which carry out a variety of technological processes, since the claimed device does not imply the management of these technological processes, and does not require constructive and technological refinement of these objects, and does not require changes in their design and operational documentation.

Introduction to the claims of the limiting features: “Automated information device for remote monitoring of hazardous object parameters” contains a workstation based on a personal electronic computer (PC) integrated via a local Ethernet network — servers and microprocessor controllers that are connected to the sensors using a wired analog wired digital and wireless communications ... "is necessary for a general description of the device of the claimed utility model - AIUDK, protot na and analogues, which determines the configuration of the device.

Introduction to the claims of the distinguishing feature: "... the workstation is made in the form of a single server based on a PC with a complex of software and hardware ..." is necessary to increase its reliability. This is achieved by the fact that instead of distributed workstations and servers distributed in the space, one workstation is used - a server based on a personal PC, and many workstations are replaced by microprocessor controllers located inside the same PC case. When using the claimed utility model “... with a complex of software and hardware ...” the PC operator is provided with detailed information on the operation of all monitored devices (sensors and combined devices) in real time, accessible from one place.

The introduction of the distinguishing feature: "... the PC case is shielded from radiation and electromagnetic radiation, dust-moisture-proof and with vibration protection ..." is necessary in order to increase the reliability and noise immunity of the prototype, providing the sensitivity characteristics required for the application of AIUDK at especially dangerous civil and special-purpose facilities , noise immunity and resistance to external influences.

The introduction of the distinguishing feature: "... in the PC case there are additionally controlled concentrators of several hierarchy levels, microprocessor controllers, wireless network coordinators ..." is necessary for simultaneous protection of both PC elements and managed concentrators of several hierarchy levels, microprocessor controllers and wireless network coordinators from external impacts, which also improves reliability.

Managed concentrators of several levels of the hierarchy are designed to simultaneously connect more sensors to AIUDK, and thereby create the ability to measure (control) a larger number of parameters of especially dangerous objects.

Managed hubs, in contrast to unmanaged ones, allow you to avoid looping when transmitting data on the network and additionally filter data (redundant for the device), which reduces the load on the network and increases the reliability of the claimed utility model.

Managed (network) hubs are designed to combine the microprocessor controllers of the first and second options (analog and digital) into an Ethernet network and connect it to the operator’s PC. Of the features, we can note their construction on a special component base (microcircuits manufactured, for example, by the Milander company) and the use of a specialized network data transfer protocol based on the UDP protocol. Managed (network) hubs completely repeats the functions of conventional network hubs used in local area networks (LANs).

Microprocessor controllers are needed to replace distributed workstations and servers in the form of a personal computer. This significantly increases the reliability of the prototype, and also reduces its cost.

Wireless coordinators are required to poll wireless sensors and wireless combination devices using wireless interfaces such as RF, IR, Bluetooth, WiFi, Zigbee, or EnOcean.

Wireless combined devices containing their own microprocessor controllers with internal and external sensors allow more efficient use of wireless communication channels, as well as expand the scope of the claimed utility model. Combined wireless devices can pre-process data coming from internal or external sensors and thereby improve the performance of the claimed utility model.

Introduction of distinguishing features: “... the PC case is equipped with connectors for external antennas, wire sensors, an external relay unit, combined devices and standard connectors for the PC peripheral equipment ...” and “... external antennas can be connected to the connectors, and wire sensors are connected using cables, an external relay unit with peripheral information output devices and emergency automation devices, as well as combined devices with own sensors and PC peripheral equipment ... ” to create the ability to connect the above external devices to AIUDK on a variety of objects, and thereby, increase their reliability with the claimed utility model.

External antennas are designed to communicate via the selected wireless interface.

Wired sensors are designed to receive primary measurement other information from the control object.

An external relay block with peripheral information output devices and emergency automation devices is necessary in order to duplicate information about the accident that occurred on the actuators, reducing the time for notifying personnel of a particularly dangerous facility, as well as automating some operator actions in the event of an emergency.

The peripheral equipment of a PC is a standard input / output device for PC information, for example, a mouse, keyboard, monitor, etc., which can also be performed in a specialized (protected) version.

Combined devices with their own sensors, made with the ability to directly connect to an Ethernet LAN, can expand the scope of AIUDK and increase reliability by reducing the number of communications and interface converters.

The introduction of the distinguishing feature: “... in the PC case, managed hubs of several levels of the hierarchy are interconnected via a local Ethernet network with microprocessor controllers ...” is necessary to ensure standard universal communication between AIUDK elements, which increases the reliability of the device through the use of a single interface.

Introduction of distinctive features: “... microprocessor controllers are made in two versions, in the first version - with the possibility of polling sensors on the analog interface via wired communication, in the second version - with the possibility of polling wire sensors on the digital RS-485 interface and communication via the RS- digital interface 485 with wireless network coordinators configured to interrogate wireless sensors and wireless combined devices containing their own microprocessor controllers with internal or external dates Chikami ... ”is necessary in order to increase maintainability as a criterion of reliability by using two unified types of microprocessor controllers.

Microprocessor controllers of the first option (analog) are designed to collect information from sensors with an analog output by voltage or current and transmit it to the operator’s PC via an Ethernet network.

Microprocessor controllers of the second option (digital) are designed to collect information from sensors with an RS-485 type output interface and transmit it to the operator’s PC via an Ethernet network. Of the features it should be noted that the microprocessor controllers of the second option can support the standard industrial protocol MODBUS and DCON.

The introduction of the distinguishing feature: "... managed hubs and microprocessor controllers are made with the possibility of individual control and adjustment" is necessary to provide more flexible and accurate tuning of the declared AIUDK, which also increases the maintainability of AIUDK, as well as its deployment (installation) time at the facility.

The introduction of distinctive features: “PCs, controlled hubs and microprocessor controllers are made using element base with increased resistance to temperature, vibration and radiation influences” and “Ethernet local area network cables and wired communication between sensors and microprocessor controllers are made shielded” is necessary to to increase the reliability and noise immunity of the prototype, providing the required (necessary) characteristics for the use of AIUDK at especially dangerous sites kmax civil and special purpose.

The PC software is a program for the QNX real-time operating system (RTOS), which provides information from the network and its output to the operator’s PC monitor screen.

Unlike well-known analogues, the AIUK developed by the company has higher reliability criteria, such as maintainability and device recovery time.

Compared with the prototype, the design capabilities of AIUDK have been expanded by integrating instruments and devices of various manufacturers in one PC case.

AIUDK is designed to collect information from sensors and display it on the operator’s PC. AIUDK built on the basis of the Ethernet network interface at the upper level, directly suitable for PC, and RS-485, together with one of the wireless interfaces, at the lower level.

A feature of the claimed technical solution is the use of a reliable and anti-noise component of the base in that part that interacts via Ethernet, which provides a wide range of operating temperatures and resistance to external factors. Another feature is that the operator’s PC uses a real-time operating system, which allows the system to respond to emergencies with a minimum guaranteed delay.

An automated information device for remote monitoring of hazardous objects parameters is presented in the following figures:

FIG. 1 - Block diagram AIUDK.

Figure 2 - Functional diagram of a managed hub.

FIG. 3 - The operating mode (algorithm) of the managed hub for finding and connecting devices of a lower hierarchy level.

FIG. 4 - Photo of the window of individual control and settings (WEB-interface) of the controlled controller.

FIG. 5 - Photo of the individual control and setup window (WEB-interface) of the microprocessor controller of analog sensors (type 1).

FIG. 6 - Photo of the individual control and setup window (WEB-interface) of a microprocessor-based sensor controller with a digital interface (type 2).

FIG. 7 - Photo of the program window for monitoring AIUDK parameters (page with the measured values of the sensors).

FIG. 8 - Photo of the program window for monitoring device parameters (page with a visual display of the state of the object and predicting the scale of a possible accident).

In FIG. 1 marked:

1 - local area network Ethernet;

2 - server (workstation) based on a personal electronic computer (PC);

3 - microprocessor analog communication controller (first type);

4 - microprocessor controller for digital communications (second type);

5 - wire communication sensor (analog or digital);

6 - wireless sensor (analog or digital);

7 - wire analog communication (analog interface);

8 - wire digital communication (digital interface);

9 - the housing of the claimed device, in which the PC is located;

10 - managed hubs of several levels of the hierarchy;

11 - coordinators of the wireless network;

12 - external antenna connector;

13 - wire sensor connector;

14 - connector of the external relay unit;

15 - connector combined device;

16 - standard peripheral equipment connectors;

17 - an external antenna;

18 - external relay unit;

19 - peripheral device for outputting information;

20 - emergency automation device;

21 - wire combination device;

22 - own sensor combined device;

23 - peripheral equipment;

24 - wireless combination device;

25 - sensors wireless combined device. Additionally, the figures indicated:

PO-1 - Software for AIUDK configuration;

PO-2 - Software for monitoring AIUDK parameters;

BD-1 - Database with information about the facility on which AIUDK is located;

BD-2 - Database for storing data during operation of AIUDK;

PZU-1 - Permanent storage device that stores the configuration of a managed hub and connected managed hubs and microprocessor controllers of a lower hierarchy level;

PZU-2 - Permanent storage device with AIUDK program;

RAM - Random Access Memory.

The automated information device for remote monitoring of hazardous objects parameters contains (in Fig. 1) a workstation based on a personal electronic computer (PC) (2), connected as a server, and microprocessor controllers (3, 4) connected via a local Ethernet network (1) ), which are connected to the sensors (5, 6) using analog wired (7), digital wired (8) and wireless communications. A workstation - a server based on a personal computer (2) with a complex of software and hardware is located in the housing (9) of the personal computer (2), which is shielded from radiation and electromagnetic radiation, dust and moisture-proof, and with vibration protection. In the case (9), there are additionally located controlled hubs (10) of several hierarchy levels, microprocessor controllers (3,4), and wireless network coordinators (11). The housing itself (9) is equipped with connectors for external antennas (12), wire sensors (13), an external relay block (14), combined devices (15) and standard connectors for PC peripheral equipment (16) (2). External antennas (17) can be connected to the connectors (12, 13, 14, 15, and 16), respectively, using wired sensors (5,6), an external relay unit (18) with peripheral information output devices (19), and cables emergency automation devices (20), as well as combined devices (21) with their own sensors (22) and peripheral equipment (23) PCs (2), in the case (9) controlled concentrators (10) of several hierarchy levels are connected via a local Ethernet network (1) and with microprocessor controllers (3, 4). In this case, microprocessor controllers can be made in two versions. In the first embodiment, microprocessor controllers (3) are configured to interrogate sensors via an analog interface via wired communication (7). In the second embodiment, microprocessor controllers (4) are capable of polling wire sensors (5) via the RS-485 digital interface (8) and RS-485 digital interface (8) to communicate with wireless network coordinators (11). Wireless network coordinators (11) are capable of interrogating wireless sensors (6) and wireless combined devices (24) containing their own microprocessor controllers with internal and external sensors (25), while these controlled hubs (10) and microprocessor controllers (3, 4) made with the possibility of individual control and adjustment.

Managed concentrators (10) and microprocessor controllers (3, 4) can be made using element base with increased resistance to temperature, vibration and radiation influences. Cables of the local Ethernet network (1) and wired communication (7, 8) between the sensors (5) and microprocessor controllers (3, 4) can be shielded.

An automated information device for remote monitoring of the parameters of hazardous objects works as follows:

After the AIUK power is turned on, its initial self-tuning (configuration) occurs, and the following operations are performed:

a) After turning on the power (the writing unit is not shown in the diagram, it is connected to all AIUDK modules), controlled concentrators (10) according to the algorithm shown in FIG. 3, recorded in the ROM-2 of managed hubs (10), based on the configuration stored in the ROM-1 of managed hubs (10), determine the managed hubs (10) of a lower hierarchy connected to them via the local Ethernet network (1), microprocessor controllers of the first type (3), microprocessor controllers of the second type (4) and combined devices (21). All data during operation of controlled concentrators (10) is stored in their RAM. Data inside the housing (9) and from it comes through connectors (12, 13, 14, 15 and 16), to which external antennas (17) are connected (can be connected), wired sensors (5, 6) are connected using cables , an external relay unit (18) with peripheral information output devices (19) and emergency automation devices (20), as well as combined devices (21) with own sensors (22) and PC peripheral equipment (23) (2). During the operation of the PC (2), the operator can control the device (AIUDK) using peripheral equipment (23).

b) Microprocessor controllers of the first type (3) determine the sensors (5) connected to them via the analog interface (7).

c) Microprocessor controllers of the second type (4) determine the sensors (5) and coordinators (11) connected to them via the RS-485 interface (8).

d) Coordinators (11) determine the wireless sensors (6) and wireless combined devices (24) located within the range of the wireless network (from antennas 17).

e) A personal electronic computer (2) determines one of the managed hubs (10) connected to it via a local area network Ethernet (1).

f) Combined devices (21) determine the sensors (22) connected to them.

g) Wireless combination devices (24) detect the sensors (25) connected to them.

It should be noted that the above operations a) ... g) occur in parallel and independently of each other, that is, almost simultaneously.

After the configuration is completed - the execution of positions a) ... g), the automated information device for remote monitoring of the parameters of hazardous objects goes into normal operation. During normal operation, the following actions (operations) are carried out:

o.1. Managed hubs (10) continuously poll connected to them via a local Ethernet network (1) managed hubs (10) of a lower hierarchy, microprocessor controllers of the first type (3), microprocessor controllers of the second type (4) and combined devices (21) . In the event of a malfunction or emergency occurring during the survey, managed hubs (10) transmit a message via a local Ethernet network (1) to a PC (2).

o.2. Microprocessor controllers of the first type (3) conduct continuous polling of sensors (5) connected to them via the analog interface (7). In the event of a malfunction or emergency occurring during the survey, the microprocessor controllers of the first type (3) transmit a message via the local Ethernet network (1) to the PC (2).

o.3. Microprocessor controllers of the second type (4) conduct continuous polling of sensors (5) and coordinators (11) connected to them via the RS-485 interface (8). In the event of a malfunction or emergency occurring during the survey, the microprocessor controllers of the second type (4) transmit a message via the local Ethernet network (1) to the PC (2).

o.4. The coordinators (11) continuously poll the wireless sensors (6) and wireless combined devices (24) located within the range of the wireless network (from antennas 17). In the event of a polling problem or emergency, the coordinators (11) transmit a message via the RS-485 interface (8) to the second type of microprocessor controllers (4) to which they are connected, and the second type of microprocessor controllers (4) in turn transmit this message over the local area network Ethernet (1) to the PC (2).

o.5. Combined devices (21) interrogate the sensors connected to them (22). During the polling, combined devices (21) can transmit messages via a local Ethernet network (1) to a PC (2).

o.6. Wireless combined devices (24) interrogate the sensors connected to them (25). During the survey, wireless combination devices (24) can transmit messages over a wireless network (created by antennas 17 connected via connectors 12) to coordinators (11). The coordinators (11) continuously analyze incoming messages from wireless combined devices (24), and in the event of a malfunction or emergency, the coordinators (11) transmit a message via the RS-485 interface (8) to the microprocessor controllers of the second type (4) to which they are connected, and the microprocessor controllers of the second type (4), in turn, transmit this message via the local Ethernet network (1) to the PC (2).

o.7. A personal electronic computer (2) continuously polls one of the managed hubs (10) connected to it via a local area network Ethernet (1). In the event of a malfunction or emergency occurring during the survey, as well as when receiving a message from one of the controlled concentrators (10), microprocessor controllers of the first type (3) and microprocessor controllers of the second type (4), software PO-2 PC (2) records the received message in the database BD-2, as well as on the basis of data about the object obtained from the BD-1, automatically calculates the extent and consequences of the accident and displays the calculated data to the operator. In some cases described in BD-1, the software of the PC-2 PC (2) sends a message to an external relay unit (18), which, depending on the type of message, controls peripheral information output devices (19) and emergency automation devices (20) .

The above operations (o.1 ... o.7) occur in parallel and independently from each other, that is, almost simultaneously.

Setting the polling time interval in all operations of the normal operation mode (о.1 ... о.7), as well as setting the names of sensors displayed in messages to the operator from PO-2, can be done using PO-1, which runs on a PC (2) .

The main parameters of the developed and manufactured by the applicant automated information device for remote monitoring of the parameters of dangerous objects are shown in table 1.

The claimed AIUDK provides the following actions to control the parameters of hazardous facilities:

- detection of a change in the security status of objects;

- automatic transmission and processing of information about the fact of an accident on a PC (1), which can be installed at the operator’s workplace;

- registration and documentation of messages about the fact of an accident;

- automated calculation of the scope and consequences of possible accidents;

- Notification of personnel of especially dangerous objects of civil and special purpose about the fact of the accident.

Structurally, the PC can be located in the well-known modified industrial building.

The functions of the PC are as follows:

- The primary configuration of the entire local area network (LAN);

- storage of the current LAN card (IP addresses of managed hubs, microprocessor controllers of the first and second variants and combined devices in accordance with the location on the object);

- in the event of an accident signal from one of the nodes, request data from the required controlled concentrators, microprocessor controllers of the first and second variants and combined devices for estimating the scale of the accident;

- periodic request for data (information) from microprocessor controllers (digital and analog);

- display of the received data.

Functions of microprocessor controllers (the first option is to interrogate wired sensors via an analog interface, the second option is to interrogate wired sensors and coordinators via a digital interface, which in turn interrogate wireless sensors and combined devices with their sensors):

- monitoring the integrity of the connection of sensors, in the event of a change in the integrity of the connection - sending a message to the PC;

- checking the conditions for sensor signals (thresholds are exceeded, a sharp increase in the signal, etc.), in case of violation of the conditions - transmission of an alarm message to the PC;

- receiving configuration from PC;

- transmission of signals from certain sensors to a PC upon request.

Functions of managed hubs:

- monitoring the integrity of the network, in case of a change in the network - sending a message to the PC;

- transfer of addresses of connected nodes upon request.

We believe that the proposed automated information device for remote monitoring of parameters of hazardous objects has all the criteria of a utility model, since the combination of restrictive and distinctive features of the utility model formula is new for such devices, and therefore meets the criterion of "novelty," since AIUDK can function with all types of sensors with electrical output, which are used in hazardous and especially hazardous facilities, as well as in AIUDK, a new algorithm is used that describes ny in the "work unit" section.

Compliance with the criterion of "novelty" also confirms the totality of the claimed features of the utility model formula, which is unknown at this level of development of the technology of automated information devices for remote monitoring of parameters of hazardous objects, namely:

- the creation of the claimed structure AIUDK according to FIG. one;

- the use of universal microprocessor controllers of the first option and the second option, created on the same element base;

- application of the operating mode (algorithm) of controlled concentrators shown in FIG. 3.

The development, construction and implementation of the proposed automated information device for remote monitoring of parameters of hazardous objects does not present any structural, technical and technological difficulties. AIUDK designed, manufactured and tested by the applicant, which proves compliance with the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The AIUK developed can be used to control the elements of the hull, engine, shaft and propeller of ice class vessels. In this case, deformation sensors are installed on the least reliable elements of the ship's hull; in all rooms, sensors for the presence of hazardous substances and smoke, and temperature and humidity sensors are installed. Wireless sensors of temperature, deformation and other physical quantities can be installed on the shaft and propeller, as well as in hard-to-reach components of the vessel, by which it is possible to determine the failure or damage of the corresponding elements of the vessel. Wired sensors connect to microprocessor controllers, while wireless sensors connect to wireless network coordinators. Thus, about 100,000 wired and wireless sensors can be connected to one vessel. Thanks to the use of the device, all information about the condition of the vessel can be displayed on one main control room with installed AIUDK with a complex of software and hardware that allows automated calculation of the scale and consequences of possible emergency situations, as well as conveniently displaying the current state of all nodes of the vessel. If necessary, AIUK through the external relay unit can send a signal to the emergency warning system of the ship personnel.

Another application of the claimed utility model may be its installation in a technological workshop. In this case, AIUDK can not only collect information from temperature, humidity, pressure sensors, control equipment parameters, but also transmit a signal to the operator with unauthorized access to the room.

Literature

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Claims (3)

1. An automated information device for remote monitoring of hazardous facility parameters, containing a workstation based on a personal electronic computer (PC) integrated via a local Ethernet network — servers and microprocessor controllers that are connected to the sensors using wired analog, wired digital and wireless communications, characterized in that the workstation is made in the form of a single server on the basis of a personal computer with a complex of software and hardware, the body of the personal computer is executed not shielded from radiation and electromagnetic radiation, dust-moisture-proof and with vibration protection, in the PC case there are additionally controlled concentrators of several hierarchy levels, microprocessor controllers, wireless network coordinators, and the PC case is equipped with connectors for external antennas, wire sensors, an external relay block, combined devices and standard connectors of PC peripheral equipment, to which external antennas can be respectively connected, and is connected with cables wired sensors, an external relay unit with peripheral information output devices and emergency automation devices, as well as combined devices with own sensors and PC peripheral equipment, in the PC case managed concentrators of several hierarchical levels are connected via an Ethernet local area network with each other and with microprocessor controllers, at the same time microprocessor controllers are made in two versions, in the first embodiment - with the possibility of polling sensors on the analog interface according to wired communication, in the second embodiment, with the possibility of polling wired sensors via the RS-485 digital interface and communicating via the RS-485 digital interface with wireless network coordinators, capable of polling wireless sensors and wireless combined devices containing their own microprocessor controllers with internal and external sensors, and managed hubs and microprocessor controllers are made with the possibility of individual control and configuration. 2. An automated information device for remote monitoring of hazardous objects parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that the personal computers, controlled concentrators and microprocessor controllers are made using an element base with increased resistance to temperature, vibration and radiation influences. 3. An automated information device for remote monitoring of hazardous objects parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that the cables of the local Ethernet network and wired communication between the sensors and microprocessor controllers are shielded.

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