RU178848U1 - EXCHANGE STICKER FOR BILLIARD CUE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to sports equipment for board games, namely to billiard equipment in the form of a sticker for a billiard cue. Exo-sticker (1) is a composite structure comprising a body made of dense elastic material, mainly leather, and a closed cavity made in it (2), mainly having a spherical shape, filled with a non-Newtonian fluid enclosed in a flexible spherical shell (3). The advantage of this ex-sticker over the known stickers is that it provides uniform pressure transmission when the cue hits the cue ball over the entire area of the tip of the cue striker, and after a non-central hit on the cue-ball, a bend does not occur.

Description

The utility model relates to sports equipment for board games, namely, a sticker for a billiard cue.

It is believed that the sticker, made in the form of a piece of thick skin glued to the tip of the cue, was invented in 1827 by Francois Mengo (Mingaud) (https://www.weekend-billiard.ru/pages/biography.html.)

Thanks to this innovation, it became possible to carry out almost any kind of blows on billiards, as well as to give the ball additional lateral rotation, rolling or pulling.

However, with an off-center impact on the cue ball, this sticker cannot prevent the curvature of the upper part of the shaft (drummer) cue. Which in turn causes the demolition of the cue ball.

In the following years, a large number of stickers with different designs were invented. For example, a leather sticker for a billiard cue is known in which a groove is formed on the side of the tip of the cue with a steel ball fixed in it (US 1660707, published 02/28/1928).

Known leather sticker for a billiard cue with an axial through hole in which a cylindrical insert of elastomeric material is located, providing increased friction upon contact with the cue ball (US 7780538, class A63D 15/12 published 08/24/2010).

Also known is the billiard cue sticker selected as the closest analogue to the utility model, in which a groove is formed on the side of the cue tip with a stabilizer fixed to it having a cylindrical shape with a convex mounting surface. The stabilizer can be made of molded plastic, metal, hard leather, etc. The stabilizer allows you to reduce the deformation of the sticker when you hit the cue ball (WO 2007/106846, class A63D 15/12 published September 20, 2007).

All known stickers are tough enough and with an off-center hit on the cue ball, they cannot prevent the curvature of the upper part of the shaft (striker) cue, which in turn causes the cue ball to drift.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to improve the playing qualities of a billiard cue.

This task is ensured by the technical result, which allows to reduce the curvature of the upper part of the striker cue, due to the fact that the impact energy is distributed over the entire surface of the striker tip, as well as the initial angular speed of the cue’s unwinding increases and its drift (squirt) decreases when striking with the “screw” to the side from the center of the cue ball.

The named technical result is achieved in a utility model using the following set of features.

As in the closest analogue, the billiard cue sticker is a composite structure. Its body is made of a dense elastic material, such as, for example, leather, and a cavity is formed inside the body.

In contrast to the closest analogue, the specified cavity is closed and filled with non-Newtonian fluid enclosed in a flexible shell, mainly having a spherical shape that is the same as the cavity. However, at the moment the cue hits the cue ball, due to the elastic properties of the body material and flexible shell, the shape of the cavity and shell is able to deform.

As a non-Newtonian liquid, dilatant liquid is mainly used, which, due to its properties, enhances the effect obtained.

This design of the sticker ensures uniform transmission of pressure over the entire area of the drummer tip. It is, as it were, a ball joint when transmitting momentum between the drummer and the cue ball. With an off-center impact on the cue ball, the cavity changes its shape, slamming in contact with the cue ball, maintaining a constant volume, since this fluid is practically incompressible. The shape of the cavity changes due to the elastic deformation of the dense elastic material of the body. In a conventional impact, the non-Newtonian fluid flows from the compressed region to the extended region, while its pressure on the cue ball and the entire frontal plane of the impactor tip is the same.

When using the proposed sticker with a billiard cue, made in accordance with patent RU 2525461, having a reduced axial moment of inertia, in the final stage of the impact, when the shape is restored, the stretched region of the sticker is compressed, giving additional twisting of the cue ball, as if repeating the effect of the Firsov-Hal click .

The following conditions affect the occurrence of demolition of the cue ball and the inhibition of its promotion.

We take for the line of impact a straight line drawn through a place on the cue ball in the direction of the center line of the cue along which its tip strikes. If the line of impact passes away from the center of the cue ball, curvature of the hammer occurs, since the point of application of force from the contact of the cue ball and the cue sticker is on the outer circumference of the cue tip. There is a tangential component proportional to the square of the cue moving speed at the time of hitting the cue ball. To reduce the bending of the projectile at the moment of impact, it is necessary to increase its rigidity, which entails an increase in its diameter and weight. An increase in the weight of the projectile is undesirable, since this leads to an increase in the axial moment of inertia of the cue itself. There is a contradiction. The large axial moment of inertia prevents the billiard cue from moving away from the cue ball after impact and accompanies a short cue ball time. This accompaniment (touch) inhibits the unwinding of the cue ball and shifts its trajectory.

To reduce the drift of the cue ball and increase its initial angular velocity of rotation, it is necessary to fulfill, in particular, the following conditions:

- lowering the axial moment of inertia of the entire cue structure;

- increasing the rigidity of the drummer without increasing its weight;

- the use of a sticker, the design of which distributes the impact pulse over the entire area of the impactor tip and changes its elasticity depending on the magnitude of the impact.

The present utility model is associated with the solution of the last of these problems.

A utility model is illustrated in the drawing, where in FIG. 1 - schematically shows the proposed exon sticker (top view); in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 - schematically shows at the time of impact the interaction of a standard cue stick with a standard sticker with a cue ball; in FIG. 4 - schematically shows the interaction of a prestressed cue with an ex-sticker with a cue ball at the time the cue hit the cue ball.

In the depicted in FIG. 1 and 2 of the exon sticker body 1, a cavity 2 is formed, filled with a non-Newtonian fluid 3, enclosed in a flexible shell (capsule).

The prefix “exo” as applied to the sticker, as conceived by the developer, emphasizes the new ones, including those enclosed in its composite design (the body is an external element for a shell with a non-Newtonian fluid). reinforcing properties, similar to the concept of "exoskeleton".

In FIG. Figure 3 shows the moment of impact with a standard cue 4.1 with a standard sticker on the cue ball 5 at the beginning of the stroke (cue is indicated by a solid line) and the position of this cue before separating the cue ball 5 from this sticker (cue is indicated by a dashed line).

In FIG. 4 shows the moment of impact of a cue 4.2 with a reduced axial moment of inertia (prestressed) described in patent RU 2525461, with exon sticker 1 installed on it at the cue 5 at the beginning of the impact (cue is indicated by a solid line) and the position of this cue before separating the cue 5 from the exo stickers 1 (the cue is indicated by a dashed line).

However, in relation to other billiard cue designs, the proposed ex-sticker will also achieve the stated result.

For convenience, filling the spherical cavity 2 with a non-Newtonian fluid enclosed in a flexible shell, like a spherical capsule, exon sticker 1 is made of two detachable parts 6 and 7, interconnected with glue (Fig. 2).

The body of the sticker is made of a dense, resilient, elastic material, for example, such as leather.

As a filler of the exon sticker, a variety of non-Newtonian fluid belonging to the class of dilatant fluids was mainly used (Big Encyclopedic Dictionary. Chemistry, ed. Big Russian Encyclopedia, M, 2000, p. 371). Dilatant liquids have no yield strength, but with an increase in shear rate, their viscosity increases.

The viscosity of the dilatant fluid is determined by the formula:

,

,

where: μ is the viscosity of the dilatant fluid;

β and n are constants for a given fluid;

ω is the shear rate;

Y- movement;

- скорость деформации сдвига.

- shear strain rate.

A power law is also applicable to these fluids, but the exponent n increases with an increase in shear rate. [Reiner M. Rheology Per. from English M Science, 1965]

In other words, with a strong impact with the proposed ex-sticker 1 on cue 5, the viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid 3 located in its cavity 2 at the level of interaction of the microparticles of this fluid increases significantly, approximately the same as in the case of a palm strike on the cement mortar.

With a weak cue hit on the cue ball, fluid 3, located in cavity 2 of exon pasting 1, manages to seep between the microparticles of this fluid, and the sticker behaves as soft enough, approximately the same as in the case of a slow immersion of the palm in a cement mortar.

Claims (4)

1. A sticker for a billiard cue, the body of which is made of dense elastic material with a cavity formed in it, characterized in that the cavity is closed and filled with non-Newtonian fluid enclosed in a flexible shell. 2. The sticker according to claim 1, characterized in that the dilatant liquid is used as a non-Newtonian fluid. 3. The sticker according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity has a spherical shape. 4. The sticker according to claim 1, characterized in that its body is made of leather.

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