RU1774020C - Method of erecting underground large-section facility - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: when creating large underground cavities for placement of technological equipment, etc. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: a vertical 5 region 2 of destroyed rocks is created from the surface to a depth exceeding the design depth of the cavity. A flexible ceiling 3 of reinforced concrete flat blocks is placed on the surface of the destroyed rocks. Anchor rods 4 are attached to it at one end. A layer b of cement with a dry filler is laid on the ceiling. It is moistened after the overlap reaches the design depth. When excavating the destroyed rocks, the overlap descends to a depth, and the space above it is filled with a dry bookmark. After the overlap reaches the design depth, the rocks are removed under the overlap to form a large cavity. 1 wp 2 ill. next to XI XI

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and the construction technology of underground objegs and can be used to create large underground cavities, for example, to accommodate the equipment of underground enterprises, during the construction of underground hangars for military purposes, etc.

A method is known, comprising forming a ceiling to support the roof and then creating a cavity under its protection.

The disadvantage of this method is the low stability of the roof, especially if the cavity is created in the earth's crust, where seismic activity is high, as well as in the seismic zone of powerful explosions.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the invention is a method comprising forming a flexible ceiling on the surface or underground, creating a vertical region of destroyed rocks under the ceiling, removing them, lowering the ceiling to a depth and forming a cavity under it.

The disadvantage of this method is that the hardening of the tabs under the overlap is carried out by injection of the hardening mixture through the wells. This does not provide uniform (in volume and area) hardening of the bookmark, which in turn reduces the stability of the vault of the underground cavity

The aim of the invention is to increase the stability of the cavity under the overlap. This is achieved by the fact that according to the method, including the formation of a flexible ceiling on the surface or underground, creating a vertical region of destroyed rock mass under the ceiling, removing the destroyed rock mass and lowering the ceiling, laying the worked out space formed above the ceiling, hardening the bookmark layer over the ceiling after reaching them the design depth, the formation of a cavity under the overlap, lay on the overlap before lowering a layer of dry bookmarks with dry in thickening, and hardening of the layer akladki above the floor is effected by wetting it.

In addition, a waterproofing sheet is laid above and below the layer of dry bookmark with a thickening agent.

In FIG. 1 shows a vertical section of rocks before the descent of the ceiling; Fig. 2 is the same after lowering the ceiling.

The essence and example of a specific embodiment of the method is as follows.

In the rocks 1, a vertical region 2 of destroyed rocks is created from the surface or near the mine workings, for example, by drilling and blasting bundles of parallel parallel wells, the depth of region 2 is greater than the design depth of the cavity. After that, an overlap 3 is formed on the surface of the destroyed rocks, which

may be flexible and consist of reinforced concrete flat blocks connected by steel ropes. Each floor block is provided with at least one flexible or rigid anchor rod A. Then

A waterproofing sheet 5 of several layers of a polyethylene film is laid on the floor 3, on which a layer 6 is formed of a bookmark consisting of a mixture of dry cement and dry sand. Layer 6 has

thickness 3-6 m. The length of anchors 4 is greater than the thickness of layer 6. Layer 6 is covered with a waterproofing sheet 5 over the entire area. After this, the removal of rocks from region 2 is carried out, for example, by

their release into underground mining 7 with their subsequent release to the surface. With the release of rocks, lowering of the ceiling 3 to the design depth occurs. The space above floor 3 is filled with dry bookmark 8 as it descends. After this, the layers are injected with water. After hardening, layer 6 above floor 3 continues to release rocks from area 2.

Moreover, taking into account that the position of the overlap 3 is fixed, the formation of a cavity 9 underneath occurs. In the cavity 9, through the workings 10, at the end of the rock release, the soil is strengthened and artificial pillars 11 are created along the contour of the cavity 9. The layer 6 is moistened through wells (not shown).

Taking into account that the cement is evenly placed in layer 6, its high filtration qualities (the presence of sand), the exclusion of losses of water-cement mortar (due to the presence of waterproofing canvases 5), the formation of a high-strength ceiling of the cavity 9 with reinforcement by anchors 4 is ensured.

Claims (2)

1. A method of constructing an underground facility with a large cross section, including the formation of a flexible ceiling on the surface or underground, creating a vertical region of destroyed rock mass under the ceiling, removing the destroyed rock mass and lowering the ceiling, bookmarking the space formed above the ceiling, hardening the bookmark layer above the ceiling after it reaches the design depth, the formation of a cavity under the ceiling, characterized in that that, in order to increase the safety of work by ensuring the stability of the cavity under the ceiling, they are laid on the ceiling before lowering it, the layer of the dry bookmark with dry binder, and the hardening of the layer of the bookmark over the overlap is carried out by wetting it. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a waterproofing sheet is laid above and below the layer of the dry bookmark with a thickening agent. Figure 2. 8