RU171610U1 - Installation for the treatment of oily water - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the class of oil-containing water purification machines and can be used in industry, transport, oil and gas enterprises, that is, wherever oil can enter the water and subsequent water purification from oil is required. EFFECT: effective purification of oil-containing water with limited energy consumption (with the satisfaction of strict ship (ship) restrictions on power consumption (not more than 0.85 kW), together with the requirement of high-quality water purification up to 1% of the oil content in it. the technological scheme of the installation for the purification of oily water, characterized by a sequence of three parts of units and elements for purifying water from oil from inlet to outlet: - first, part of the crude water purification, including a three-way valve with a first oil-water concentration sensor at the inlet of the valve and the plant as a whole, the first section of a two-section collection tank of a collection tank for primary oil separation; - hereinafter, the main part of the main water treatment, including a high-pressure pump, a hydrocyclone unit with a second oil concentration sensor in water at the inlet of the block, the second section of the two-section prefabricated receiving tank-sump at the outlet of the hydrocyclone block; - at the end, a part of fine water purification, including an integrated filter with a pump, a disinfection unit for purified water. The unit of hydrocyclones designed for the hydrodynamic separation of light oil from water differs from known installations in that an oil concentration sensor (second in the installation diagram) is installed at the inlet of the first hydrocyclone of the unit, which monitors the oil concentration in the flow of the inlet water-oil mixture. In this case, after the second sensor of oil concentration in water at the inlet of the first hydrocyclone, the first gravity washer was installed to control the process of separation of light oil and water in hydrocyclones, limiting and stabilizing the flow of liquid at the inlet of the hydrocyclone regardless of fluctuations in the pressure of the liquid at the outlet of the high pressure pump. In the lower runoff of the first hydrocyclone of the unit, a second gravitational washer with a valve blocking the passage section of the washer until completely closed in the case of a 100% oil concentration is installed regulating the flow of water through itself in proportion to the readings of the second oil concentration sensor. The valve of the second (lower) gravitational washer of the first hydrocyclone is needle-shaped and connected to a stepper motor to regulate the valve's flow area. 4 s.p. f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the class of oil-containing water purification machines and can be used in industry, transport, oil and gas enterprises, that is, wherever oil can enter the water and subsequent water purification from oil is required.

State of the art

There are cleaning devices in the form of sedimentation tanks, with the use of special filtering elements, as well as the use of centrifugal separation devices for oil-containing water into, conditionally, “light oil” and “heavy water” in the field of centrifugal forces of such devices as hydrocyclones, centrifuges and centrifugal liquid separators. The design features of the separators make it relatively easy to control the quality of cleaning. However, it should be borne in mind that the specific power consumption of separators per 1 m of the processed mixture is very high. In hydrocyclones, power consumption is significantly lower.

A known analogue is the invention according to Russian patent RU 2206513 (IPC C02F 1/40, C02F 101/32, publ. 04/19/2002) METHOD FOR WATER PURIFICATION FROM LIQUID OIL PRODUCTS AND A DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION, in which water is treated in two centrifugal cleaning stages - horizontal and vertical hydrocyclones, settle and filter in a cassette with granular filler in an electric field. The vertical hydrocyclone is equipped with a wheel with spiral guides to stabilize the flow. You can use several vertical hydrocyclones fixed in the separation disk. The oil-water centrifugal filter separator contains a centrifugal treatment unit, an upper gravity sump-oil collector, a lower gravity sump, and a fine-grained granular filler with oleophilic properties. In this case, the centrifugal processing unit is made of two stages, the first of which is made in the form of a horizontally located hydrocyclone, and the second - in the form of a hydrocyclone vertically located along the axis of the body. The separator is equipped with filter elements.

The disadvantage of this device can be considered increased power consumption, the availability of consumables - granular filler.

Utility Model Disclosure

EFFECT: effective purification of oil-containing water with limited energy consumption (with the satisfaction of strict ship (ship) restrictions on power consumption (not more than 0.85 kW), together with the requirement for high-quality water purification up to 1% of the oil content in it.

For this, it turned out to be appropriate and only possible to use hydrocyclones as the main element of purification. In this regard, it became necessary to develop a system consisting of a block of one, two or more hydrocyclones arranged in series, which allows controlling the quality of clarification of oil-containing water from oil. The system includes one or more series-connected hydrocyclones, in which the outlet of purified water from the first hydrocyclone is connected to the entrance to the second hydrocyclone, and so on. The output of the light oil phase from all cyclones is combined.

In general, a design and technological scheme of the installation for the treatment of oily water was developed, characterized by a sequence of three parts of units and elements for cleaning water from oil from entrance to exit:

- first, a part of the crude water purification, including a three-way valve with a first oil-water concentration sensor at the valve inlet and the installation as a whole, the first section of a two-section prefabricated collection tank-settler for primary oil recovery;

- further part of the main water treatment, including a high pressure pump, a unit of hydrocyclones with a second oil concentration sensor in the water at the inlet of the unit, a second section of a two-section prefabricated collection tank-sump at the outlet of the hydrocyclone block;

- at the end, a part of fine water purification, including an integrated filter with a pump, a disinfection unit for purified water.

In the block of hydrocyclones, all hydrocyclones are arranged vertically and sequentially, where the outlet of purified water from the previous hydrocyclone is connected to the inlet to the subsequent hydrocyclone, and the upper outlet of light oil from all hydrocyclones is combined. A hydrocyclone block designed for hydrodynamic separation of light oil from water differs from known installations in that an oil concentration sensor (second in the installation diagram) is installed at the inlet of the first hydrocyclone of the block, which monitors the oil concentration in the flow of the inlet oil-water mixture.

In this case, after the second sensor of oil concentration in water at the inlet of the first hydrocyclone, the first gravity washer is installed, to control the process of separation of light oil and water in hydrocyclones, it limits and stabilizes the liquid flow at the inlet of the hydrocyclone regardless of fluctuations in the pressure of the liquid at the outlet of the high pressure pump it into a block of hydrocyclones, since the flow rate changes with pressure fluctuations, which virtually eliminates the possibility of regulating the separation process, given the constant change the variation in oil content in water. Pressure drops can occur due to a sharp change in the concentration of oil in water. The separation process can be controlled only at a constant flow rate of the oil-water mixture, if the oil content fluctuates in volume.

In the lower runoff of the first hydrocyclone of the unit, a second gravitational washer with a valve blocking the passage section of the washer until completely closed in the case of a 100% oil concentration is installed regulating the flow of water through itself in proportion to the readings of the second oil concentration sensor. The valve of the second (lower) gravitational washer of the first hydrocyclone is needle-shaped and connected to a stepper motor to regulate the valve's flow area.

The installation also additionally contains a common control panel, pipelines, valves and a common collector for oil, sludge and dirt from a three-way valve, a collection tank of a settling tank and a unit of hydrocyclones, with the possibility of dumping an oily liquid from the inlet of a three-way valve into a common collector if detected by the first sensor the concentration of oil in water, the concentration of oil products 95% and above. Moreover, the installation is predominantly mounted compactly on a common frame, including in a single container.

List of figures

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the connections of the main structural elements of the installation in the manufacturing process; FIG. 2 - a design drawing of a general view (in perspective) of an installation on a common frame; FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a first hydrocyclone from a hydrocyclone block.

Utility Model Implementation

In the figures in through numbering, the following positions are indicated: 1 - 1st oil concentration sensor; 2 - three-way valve; 3 - 1st section of the collection tank - two-section sludge tank for oil sludge and dirt; 4 - high pressure pump; 5 - block of hydrocyclones; 6 - 2nd section of the collection tank - two-section sump; 7 - built-in post-treatment filter with an additional pump; 8 - node bacterial disinfection of purified water; 9-1th hydrocyclone of block 5 hydrocyclones; 10 - 2nd oil concentration sensor; 11 - 1st gravitational washer in the pipe between the sensor 10 and the hydrocyclone 9; 12 - 2nd (lower) gravity washer with an adjustable bore at the outlet of the hydrocyclone 9.

In addition to these installation elements marked with positions, the integrated installation design also includes a common foundation frame (platform) of the installation, a collection tank for oil, oil sludge and dirt, a collection tank for purified water after the hydrocyclone block; stepper motor valve washers 12; general control panel of the installation; pipelines, valves and fittings. Manufacturing of the installation in a single container version can be provided. Installation height no more than 1700 mm. The main components in contact with the product are made of stainless steel grade 12X18H10T.

Description of the operation of the installation according to the scheme of FIG. one

The unit is designed to clean water from oil in automatic mode. Oil-containing liquid, at a temperature not lower than plus 15 ° C (according to the requirement), for cleaning it enters the pipeline with the 1st sensor 1 for the concentration of oil products installed. If the concentration of oil products reaches 95%, the three-way valve 2 installed after the sensor discharges the oil-containing liquid into the oil and oil sludge collector, if the concentration is less than 95%, the three-way valve 2 directs the oil-containing liquid to the 1st section 3 of the collection tank-settler and further into the high pressure pump 4. The collection tank-settler is two-sectional: the first section 3 is designed for primary separation (sludge) of heavy oil and oil sludge falling into the general collection for oil and oil sludge. The 1st oil concentration sensor 1, installed at the inlet of the installation, gives a command when the desired oil concentration in the liquid is reached to turn on the high pressure pump 4, which supplies the oil-containing liquid to the hydrocyclone unit 5, namely through the 2nd oil concentration sensor 10 and 1st gravity washer 11 in the 1st hydrocyclone 9 of a block of vertically mounted hydrocyclones 5.

In each two-product hydrocyclone from Block 5, the contaminated water is divided into two streams: pure water and light oil (density 850 kg / m ³ and below), while there should be no heavy oil and sludge in the hydrocyclone (if they nevertheless slip, then they will go together with water down). The exit of the light oil fraction upward from the hydrocyclone occurs under the action of centrifugal forces.

The task was to prevent oil from entering the lower runoff of the hydrocyclone for water (since water is heavier than light oil). To solve the problem, the 2nd gravity washer 12 is installed in the lower runoff of the 1st hydrocyclone 9, which provides a given liquid flow rate. The oil concentration sensor 10 at the inlet to the hydrocyclone 9 measures the oil content in the inlet mixture, the larger it is, the more the outlet of the washer 12 for water from the hydrocyclone 9 closes and the selection through the upper channel of the hydrocyclone 9 for light oil increases.

The oil-water mixture enters the hydrocyclone 9 through a flow-through sensor 10 of the concentration of oil in water. After the concentration sensor 10, a gravity washer 11 is installed at the inlet of the hydrocyclone, stabilizing the fluid flow at the inlet of the hydrocyclone 9, regardless of the pressure fluctuations in the oil-water mixture that can occur during operation of the high pressure feed pump 4, since the flow changes with pressure fluctuations, which practically excludes the possibility of regulating the process of separation of the mixture in the hydrocyclone, given the constant change in the oil content in water. The separation process can be controlled only at a constant flow rate of the oil-water mixture, if the oil content fluctuates in volume.

The system works according to the following scheme: a mixture with a variable oil content is fed into a hydrocyclone 9, while the flow rate is limited by a lower gravity washer 12. The mixture “c” - 100% consists of “x”% water and “y”% oil. An oil concentration sensor 10 is installed at the inlet of the hydrocyclone 9, which monitors the concentration of oil in the mixture stream. Knowing the value of “y”% of oil with a constant value of “c”, it is easy to draw up a program for calculating the “x” of water concentration. In the lower part of the hydrocyclone 9, an adjustable gravity washer 12 is installed with a needle valve (not shown) that overlaps the passage section of the washer until it is completely closed if “y” has an oil concentration of 100% (the range of fluctuations in the oil content in water is from 0 to almost 100%) . The valve of the washer 12 is connected to a stepping motor (not shown), which opens the valve so that the water flow rate corresponds to its percentage in the initial mixture. The rotation of the valve is determined depending on the data transmitted by the oil concentration sensor 10 at the inlet of the hydrocyclone 9.

After a block of 5 hydrocyclones, to ensure high purity of water from oil, it is additionally fine-purified in the 2nd section 6 of the general sump with a filter 7, built-in with its (second) pump, in the 2nd section 6, as well as in the ultraviolet disinfection unit 8 water from bacteria (post-treatment unit), from where water is sent to discharge. In the 1st and 2nd sections of the collecting tank-settler, prefabricated funnels are installed that allow collecting oil products from the surface and sending them to a collecting tank for oil.

In a specific example of the implementation of the proposed installation under state contract No. 15411.162017.09.009, by order of the MINPROMTORG of the Russian Federation, the liquid is purified up to 30% in the 1st section 3 of the sump (in terms of rough water treatment) and the main three-stage treatment (60%, 7%, 1% ) in three hydrocyclones of a single unit of 5 hydrocyclones. Such a scheme is primarily due to stringent ship (ship) restrictions on the power consumption of the installation (not more than 0.85 kW), together with the requirement for high-quality water purification up to 1% of the oil content in it. A high degree of purification on the 1st hydrocyclone 9 is achieved by automatic control of water flow, which ensures maximum oil recovery. All hydrocyclones are arranged vertically. The water outlet of the first cyclone is connected to the inlet of the second, the water outlet of the second is connected to the inlet of the third, with the cyclones being a “step” to reduce pressure loss. From the third lower cyclone, water is supplied for fine cleaning and further to bacterial disinfection.

Claims (5)

1. Installation for the purification of oily water, characterized by a sequence of three parts of units and elements for water purification from oil from inlet to outlet: - first, part of the crude water purification, including a three-way valve with the first oil concentration in the water at the valve inlet and the whole installation, the first section of a two-section prefabricated collection tank-sump for primary oil recovery; - further part of the main water treatment, including a high pressure pump, a unit of hydrocyclones with a second oil concentration sensor in the water at the inlet of the unit, a second section of a two-section prefabricated collection tank-sump at the outlet of the hydrocyclone block; - at the end, a part of fine water purification, including an integrated filter with a pump, a disinfection unit for purified water; in the block of hydrocyclones, all hydrocyclones are arranged vertically and sequentially, where the outlet of purified water from the previous hydrocyclone is connected to the inlet to the subsequent hydrocyclone, and the upper exit of light oil from all hydrocyclones is combined; after the second sensor of oil concentration in water at the inlet of the first hydrocyclone, the first gravity washer is installed to control the process of separation of light oil and water in hydrocyclones, limiting and stabilizing the flow of water at the inlet of the hydrocyclone regardless of fluctuations in the water pressure at the outlet of the high-pressure water supply pump in the block of hydrocyclones; in the lower runoff of the first hydrocyclone of the unit, a second gravity washer with a valve blocking the passage section of the washer until completely closed in the case of a 100% oil concentration is installed regulating the flow of water through itself in proportion to the readings of the second oil concentration sensor. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve of the second gravitational washer of the first hydrocyclone is needle-shaped and connected to a stepper motor for regulating the valve passage area. 3. Installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it further comprises a common control panel, pipelines, valves and a common collector for oil, sludge and dirt from a three-way valve, a collection tank of a collection tank, a settling tank and a unit of hydrocyclones, with the possibility of discharge of an oily liquid from the inlet of the three-way valve to the common collection if the first sensor determines the concentration of oil in water, the concentration of oil products is 95% and higher. 4. Installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is mounted compactly on a common frame, including in a single container. 5. Installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hydrocyclone block consists of three hydrocyclones with three-stage purification (60%, 7%, 1%) of water from light oil.

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