RU159763U1 - DEVICE FOR ASSEMBLING THE REMOVABLE PART OF THE AIRCRAFT WING - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for assembling the detachable part of the wing of an aircraft (OCHK), comprising a support with main columns and lower struts mounted on it, upper and lower beams rigidly mounted on the main columns and lower racks, respectively, folding lodgements-clamps for basing and fixing in the assembly process of the upper spar in relation to the assembled design OCHK, stationary lodgements-clamps pivotally connected to the upper beam for basing and fixing in the assembly process of the lower spar in relation to the assembled construction of the BFF, as well as the joint plate along the root rib and the end of the BCH, installed opposite the ends of the upper and lower beams, while the upper beam is shifted in the horizontal plane by an amount sufficient to remove the assembled BCH up, characterized in that it contains additional columns, mounted on a support, with a locking lodgement pivotally mounted on each of them for basing and fixing during assembly of the upper spar, while the lower beam is located under the assembly. 2 p. 1, in which the base contains guides for vehicles - carts, located between the support pillars and the main and / or additional columns, to move the structural elements of the OCHK in the assembly process. 3 The device according to p. 1 or 2, in which the main and / or additional columns contain elements for mounting load-lifting mechanisms for the vertical movement of the structural elements OChK in the assembly process.

Description

The utility model relates to aircraft manufacturing technology, in particular, to the design of assembly equipment.

Known high-performance production line for assembling the detachable part of the wing (patent US 8661684 (B1), IPC B21D 53/88, publ. 03/04/2014), in which the assembly is carried out in its horizontal position using synchronized vehicles to move between assembly positions, forming conveyor. Fixing of assembly elements is carried out using magnetic clamps. At assembly positions, the installation of component parts, drilling, insertion of fasteners and sealing is carried out. When using this line, in the case of assembling the wing of a main aircraft, a large room will be required, depending on the separation of the process technology into positions, respectively, while ensuring synchronism while simultaneously positioning the lower and upper surfaces of the wing relative to each other with a horizontal location of the wing, the presence of additional control equipment.

A device is known for assembling the detachable wing part (GLP) of an aircraft, comprising: main columns and lower struts, longitudinal beams, lodgements, mock ribs, base plates along unit connectors, fixing elements fixed to longitudinal beams. (V.P. Grigoriev, Sh.F. Ganshsanov A device for assembling units and assemblies of airplanes and helicopters. M. Mechanical Engineering 1977 p. 52-55). The disadvantages of the device are that the location of the upper beam does not allow the use of a lifting mechanism for feeding to the assembly site the elements of the OCHK, for example spars, panels, ribs and removal of the assembled OCHK upwards, also this arrangement limits the area of the assembly of the OCHK from the upper columns.

Closest to the claimed utility model is the technical solution disclosed in patent RU 36817 U1, IPC B64F 5/00, publ. 03/27/2004, - a device for assembling the detachable part of the wing of an aircraft (OCHK), containing a support with main columns and lower struts mounted on it, upper and lower beams, rigidly mounted on the main columns and lower racks, respectively, folding and stationary lodgements-clamps for basing and fixing the side members during the assembly process, pivotally or rigidly connected to the upper and lower beams, respectively, as well as the plate of the junction of the root rib and the end of the ocher, mounted opposite the ends of the upper and lower second beams, wherein the upper and lower beams are separated in the horizontal plane by an amount sufficient to recess POINTS gathered up.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that during the assembly process, when supplying the assembly elements OCHK, for example, upper or lower panels using a crane beam, it is necessary to remove the folding lodgement-clamps located on the upper beam, in the idle position. At the same time, the connection between the assembly device and the assembled GLP is partially excluded, the rigidity of fixing the assembled unit with the assembly device is reduced, which can lead to deformation - the deflection of the assembled GLP and the assembly device itself, and especially its upper beam.

During the development of the claimed technical solution, the task was to increase the rigidity of the device for assembling the GLP and the assembly design of the GLP in the assembly process.

The problem is solved by creating a device for assembling the detachable part of the wing of the aircraft (OCHK), containing a support, with the main columns and lower struts mounted on it, upper and lower beams rigidly mounted on the main columns and lower racks, respectively, folding lodgements-clamps, for basing and fixing in the assembly process of the upper spar, in relation to the assembled structure, VLPs, pivotally connected to the upper beam, stationary tool holders, for basing and fixing in percent the assembly frame of the lower spar in relation to the assembled construction of the VLF, as well as the joint plate along the root rib and the end of the VLF, installed opposite the ends of the upper and lower beams, while the upper beam is shifted in the horizontal plane by an amount sufficient to remove the assembled VFR upwards, as well as additional columns mounted on a support, with a lodgement-clamps pivotally mounted on each of them, for basing and fixing during the assembly of the upper spar, while the lower beam is located under the assembled ag egatom.

To move the structural elements of the OCHK during the assembly process, the base of the device may contain guides for vehicles - carts located between the support posts and the main and, or additional columns.

For the vertical movement of the structural elements of the OChK in the process, using lifting mechanisms, the main and / or additional columns contain elements for fastening the lifting mechanisms, for the vertical movement of the structural elements of the OChK in the assembly process.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by graphic materials on which:

in FIG. 1 - an image of the slipway of the OChK assembly and the OVCh itself is given - a plan view (top) of the starboard side of the OChK;

in FIG. 2 is a view A of FIG. one;

in FIG. 3 is a view A of FIG. 1 with additional columns from the bottom of the panels;

in FIG. 4 is a top view of the right GLP and the vertically located slipway of the GLP assembly and wing panels (upper, lower) on carts outside the slipway from the end rib;

in FIG. 5 is a section BB of the slipway to FIG. 4 with rails and carts, with upper panels located outside the berth;

in FIG. 6 - section BB to FIG. 4 with additional columns, rails and trolleys located outside the slipway, on which the upper and lower panels are located;

in FIG. 7 - node Τ Fig. 11 (the upper lodgement-clamp from the upper beam connected through the MSW with the front spar and the model rib);

in FIG. 8 - assembly Τ FIG. 11 (solid waste lodges-clamps are on both sides);

in FIG. 9 - assembly Τ FIG. 11 (lodgement-retainer from the upper beam is folded, installed from an additional column);

in FIG. 10 - node K of FIG. eleven;

in FIG. 11 - node In FIG. one;

in FIG. 12 is a section GG to FIG. eleven;

in FIG. 13 - section II to FIG. 2 (the upper spar-latch 15 is in working condition, the lower panel is laid in the slipway with a crane beam);

in FIG. 14 - section II to FIG. 2 (the lower panel is laid in the slipway, the upper panel is laid with a crane beam, the upper lodgement-lock of the MSW 15 is thrown into the inoperative position);

in FIG. 15 is a cross section HH to FIG. 3;

in FIG. 16 is a cross section HH to FIG. 3 (the upper lodgement-clamp MSW 16 is in the working position, the lodgement-clamp 15 is withdrawn to the idle position, the upper panel 6 is inserted into the slipway with a crane beam);

in FIG. 17 is a cross section HH to FIG. 3 (bottom panel 7 is inserted into the slipway);

in FIG. 18 is a cross section HH to FIG. 3 (each MSW in the zone of additional columns on the first spar is fixed simultaneously by two upper lodgements-clamps 15 and 16);

in FIG. 19 is a section PP through FIG. 5;

in FIG. 20 is a section PP to FIG. 6;

in FIG. 21 is a section CC to FIG. 6

in FIG. 22 - node Ε to FIG. four;

in FIG. 23 is a section DD of FIG. 22.

Positions on graphic materials correspond to the following items:

1 - structural element OChK - upper (first) spar;

2 - structural element OChK - lower (rear) spar;

3 - an element of the construction of the OChK - rib;

4 - structural element OChK - root (side) rib;

5 - structural element OChK - end rib;

6 - structural element OChK - top panel;

7 - design element OChK - bottom panel;

8 - swivel bracket of the lodgement-clamp bracket, with the upper beam or with an additional column;

9 - the main columns with consoles;

10 - additional columns;

11 - lower racks;

12 - upper beam;

13 - lower beam;

14 - a retractable trolley with a connector plate along the root (side) rib for installation on a support with fixation in the working position;

15 - lodgement-lock mounted on the upper beam;

16 - lodgement-lock mounted on an additional column;

17 - a sleeve with a thickness equal to the thickness of the lodgement-retainer 15;

18 - bracket lodgement-lock mounted on the upper beam;

19 - lodgement-lock mounted on the lower rack;

20 - bracket lodgement-lock 19;

21 - breadboard rib;

22 - an arm of a model rib;

23 - a high bolt;

24 - high nut;

25 - screw;

26 - a bolt;

27 - a nut;

28 - washer;

29 - an arm for a lodgment clamp;

30 - an element for mounting lifting mechanisms mounted on the upper beam or on an additional column;

31 - an arm for hanging the lower panels behind the hatch hole in the removable lower panel of the OCHK;

32 - load-lifting mechanism for vertical movement of the structural elements of the GLP or the assembled GLP during the assembly process — a rotary retractable device;

33 - cable with a hook of the lifting mechanism;

34 - load-lifting mechanism for vertical movement of the structural elements of the GLP or assembled GLP during the assembly process - winch (manual, electric);

35 - a trolley to move the structural elements of the ocular or assembled occh during assembly;

36 - guides for vehicles - carts.

In the claimed device, the OCHK is assembled at a stationary working position, while during the assembly process the front and rear spars are spaced apart in a vertical plane so that one of them is at the top and the other at the bottom, relative to the assembled OChK design. The lodgements-fixators fix the spars along the technological base holes (MSW), the joint plates fix the root and end ribs and the ends of the spars during installation.

The device for assembling the OChK contains a support, for example, a concrete foundation slab or tape-mounted beams, on which, for example, the main columns (9) and the lower posts (11), the upper (12) and the lower (13) beams are mounted and fixed with anchor bolts rigidly mounted on the main columns and lower racks, respectively, folding lodgements-clamps (15), for basing and fixing during the assembly of the upper spar (1), with respect to the assembled design of the VLP, pivotally connected to the upper (12) beam, stationary lies fixing elements (19), for basing and fixing in the process of assembling the lower side member (2), in relation to the assembled design of the VLF, as well as the joint plate along the root rib (14) and the end of the VLP, installed, for example, made movable, equipped with a trolley with the ability to roll back from the zone of the connector with fixing on the support in the working position or rotary, fixed on the support, while the upper beam (12) is displaced in the horizontal plane by an amount sufficient to remove the assembled BOP up, and the lower (13) beam is located directly below aggregate m (rear spar).

Also, the device for assembling the BVP contains additional columns (10) mounted on a support, with a latch-clamp (16) pivotally mounted on each of them, for basing and fixing during assembly of the upper side member, with the upper (12) and lower ( 13) the beams are located in the space between the main (9) and additional (10) columns.

The choice of overall dimensions and constructive implementation of the elements of the claimed device is made taking into account the assembly and fixation of the pylon hinge brackets in the presence of engines on the wing, as well as elements of the rear and front of the wing, for example, ailerons, acceptors, air brakes, flap mechanisms, tail and chassis beams , wing socks and slats, by means of removable, folding or stationary tool holders, mounted on the lower and upper beams.

The main columns (9) can be made with consoles, the length of which is determined from the conditions for ensuring the implementation of the technological process of assembling of the extra-high band in places near this column.

The places of installation of lodgment-clamps and their implementation are determined depending on the individual characteristics of the elements of the assembled design of the ocher.

The folding lodgements-clamps (16) on additional (10) columns can be used to fix the assembled design of the GLP during assembly in the directions identical to the directions of its fixation with the folding lodgements-clamps (15) located on the upper beam (12).

The MSW fixation lodges of the lower, rear spar (19) can be mounted permanently on the lower beam (13) on forks (brackets) (29), while the lodgement (19) is attached to the rear spar with an arm (20), a bolt (26) during assembly ), nut (27), washer (28).

Hinged latches can also be located on the upper beam 12, made by analogy with the folding lodgements (15) for pre-installation of the slats rails carriages. The mounting brackets for the slats of the rail slats, the mounting brackets for the slats of the slats lifts are installed in the device for assembling the front side member. In the same way, folding latches for pre-installation of wing socks assembled in a separate device can be located on the upper beam. In this case, the socks are installed alternately; only those lodgements-clamps (15, 16) that fall into the area of the installed sock are reclined.

Additional columns are installed in the zone of several MSW of the upper (front) spar fixed by lodgment-clamps (15) located on the upper beam, or by lodgment-clamps (16) located on additional columns (10) in accordance with the performance of the assembled GLP.

Laying ribs are based on elements of the OCHK only during assembly and do not constitute a constructive unity with the claimed device.

The submission of structural elements during assembly, as well as the removal of the assembled OCHK from the device and its transportation for storage can be carried out by a crane beam.

The base may contain guides (36) for vehicles - bogies (35), located between the support posts (11) and the main (9) and, or additional (10) columns, to move the structural elements of the GLP (1-7) or assembled GLP during the assembly process.

The main (9) and / or additional columns (10) may contain elements (30) for fastening the hoisting mechanisms (32, 34), for the vertical movement of the structural elements of the OCHK (1-7) during the assembly process. Ready OCHK is taken out upward by the shop (bridge) crane.

An example implementation of the assembly process OChK using the claimed device is given below.

In the presented example, the upper side member is the front side member (1), which is fixed on the MSW with folding lodging clamps (15, 16) mounted on the upper beam (13) and, or on additional supports (10), and the rear side member is the lower side member and is fixed according to the MSW with stationary tool holders (19) mounted on the lower beam (12).

The technological process of assembling OChK is as follows.

At the beginning, the folding lodgements-clamps (15) mounted on the upper beam are taken to the inoperative position. For example, under the upper beam (13). Install and fix the joint plate (12) - (Fig. 1) in the assembly position.

The rear spar (2) is mounted with a crane beam on stationary lodgment-clamps (19) located on the lower beam (13). In this case, the lodgement (19) is attached to the rear spar with an arm (20), a bolt (26), a nut (27), a washer (28) - (Fig. 10).

The lodgements (15) are turned into the working position and fixed with a latch (29). Lodgements (15) are set into working position using stationary forks (brackets) (29) and rotary forks (8).

On the pivot lodgements (15), a front spar (2) is installed with a crane beam and is fixed similarly to the rear spar (Fig. 8).

The mock ribs (21) are fixed through the MSW with the lodgements-clamps (15, 19) of the front and rear spars through the brackets (18, 20, 22) with bolts, screws, nuts (23, 24, 25) - (Fig. 8, Fig. 10).

The combination of solid waste lodges-fixators in a single plane along the front and rear spars (15, 19) and mock ribs (21), as well as their location between the wing ribs (3) gives additional rigidity to both the assembled unit and the slipway, eliminating the process of additional removal and installation of upper and lower panels for installing wing ribs instead of prototypes (reinstalling the lower panels).

Laying ribs are removed before the final installation of the lower panels on the sealant; MSW cradle holders (15, 16, 19) remain in the stock in the working position until the end of the assembly.

Further, according to the OCHK assembly technology, they carry out the connection of airplane ribs with racks of spars, pre-installation with subsequent removal of the lower panels, pre-installation with subsequent removal of the upper panels, removal of breadboard ribs, sealing of the upper panels and their connection to the frame, control of contours, drawing leveling points Ht.

When laying the panels with a crane beam from the side of the main columns (9), it is necessary to retract all the MSW lodges-clamps along the front spar (15), which can cause deformation of both the assembled GG and the assembly device itself, since the center of gravity of the structure being assembled, as the assembly will shift and cause a tipping moment. To prevent this from happening, the assembled OCHK is fixed with the folding MSE lodgements-clamps (16) mounted on additional columns (10), on the opposite side of the assembled OCHK. This gives the assembled GLM and the device for assembling the GLM additional rigidity, which ensures the achievement of a technical result. Hinged lodgements-clamps (16) on additional columns (10) can be used to fix the assembled GLP structure during assembly in the directions identical to the directions of its fixation by folding clamps located on the upper beam (12).

When installing the lower panels with a crane-beam, the lodgements-clamps (16) are tilted to the inoperative position similarly to the lodgment-clamps (15), which at this moment are locked into the working position. When installing the upper panels, the opposite is true. Thus, one of the lodgment-clamps of the front side member (15) or (16) during the next installation of the panels on one side is always fixed in the working position (Fig. 12-17). The device for assembling the OChK receive additional rigidity, which leads to a decrease in deformation and improve the quality of the assembly.

When the lodgement-clamp (15) is tilted, the lodgement-clamp (16) is attached to the bracket (18) from the back through a sleeve (17) having a thickness equal to the thickness of the lodgement-clamp (15) - (Fig. 9).

On some solid household waste, lodgements-clamps (16) can be installed along the front spar without lodgements-clamps (15), or lodges-clamps (16 and 15) can be placed at the same time, which also gives additional rigidity to the device for assembling the OCHK.

After or in conjunction with the final fixing of the lower and upper panels, the positioning and fixing of the hinge parts of the tail section of the wing, such as ailerons, acceptors, air brake, flap mechanisms, tail and chassis beams, as well as the pylon mount brackets in the presence of engines on the wing or nodes, can be carried out. the nose of the front and rear spars, brackets of the weight of slats, wing socks. At the same time, when installing these nodes from the side of the upper beam, not all are tilted back, but only those lodges-clamps of solid waste (15, 16) that fall into the area of the installed element, for example, the wing toe.

After the assembly process is carried out, the assembled OCHK is removed from the assembly device, for this, all lodgements-clamps on the lower beam will be unblocked, all latch-clamps on the upper beam and on additional supports are folded to the idle position, the joint plate (14) is taken to the idle position, release the OGChK from all the fixing elements, remove the crane with a beam from the assembly device and install it on an extra-stand.

To give additional rigidity to the assembled unit and the slipway, it is necessary to exclude the removal of lodges-clamps of the front side member, except for the case of laying side members and removal of the finished unit. This is achieved as follows:

Hoisting mechanisms are installed on the upper beam (12) and on additional columns, for example, rotary, extendable, lifting devices (32) having a cable with a hook (33), and, or a manual or electric winch (34) for raising and lowering the panels.

On the upper panel having assembly holes, in the area of the front side member along the entire length, brackets (30) are installed on the stringers with holes for hanging the panels (6) to the lifting device (32). Assembly holes for mounting brackets (30) in the attachment points of stringers with panels are left un riveted. Raising and lowering the panels, i.e. their installation and removal from the slipway (only twice - preliminary and final installation) occurs without the removal of lodgment-clamps (15) to the inoperative position, which leads to improved quality and reduced labor intensity of the assembly.

Lifting and removing the lower panels 7 is possible with permanently installed lodges-clamps of solid waste front spar (16); their removal to the inoperative position is carried out once when the finished unit is removed from the slipway and at the initial stage of assembly of the unit, i.e. when laying spars. The solid waste lodgements-clamps of the front side member (15, 16) are set to the inoperative position (they remained in this position when removing the finished previous unit).

Since, at most points, the bottom panel (7) has a middle, removable, hatch panel, there is no need to install brackets (30) on the panel for hanging the panels to the lifting device, the panel is suspended by the brackets 31 installed by the hatch holes in the panel.

The transportation of the structural elements of the OCHK (both panels and other units) to workplaces for installation, or the removal of the assembled structure of the OCHK, can be carried out using carts, both manual and mechanized, for example, chain conveyor carts. The base contains guides for vehicles - carts, for example, rails or viaducts for chains located between the support posts and the main and, or additional columns, to move the structural elements of the GLP or assembled GLP during the assembly process.

The utility model allows the assembly of the detachable part of the wing while maintaining the rigidity of the slipway and the assembled unit during the entire assembly cycle, which improves the quality of the assembled unit, reduces the complexity of the assembly, and creates improved working conditions.

Changes and modifications of the disclosed embodiment may be apparent to those skilled in the art and are within the scope of the claimed utility model.

Claims (1)

1. A device for assembling the detachable part of the wing of an aircraft (OCHK), comprising a support with main columns and lower struts mounted on it, upper and lower beams rigidly mounted on the main columns and lower racks, respectively, folding lodgements-clamps for basing and fixing in the assembly process of the upper spar in relation to the assembled design OCHK, stationary lodgements-clamps pivotally connected to the upper beam for basing and fixing in the assembly process of the lower spar in relation to the assembled construction of the BFF, as well as the joint plate along the root rib and the end of the BCH, installed opposite the ends of the upper and lower beams, while the upper beam is shifted in the horizontal plane by an amount sufficient to remove the assembled BCH up, characterized in that it contains additional columns, mounted on a support, with a locking lodgement pivotally mounted on each of them for basing and fixing during assembly of the upper side member, the lower beam being located under the assembly. 2 The device according to p. 1, in which the base contains guides for vehicles - carts, located between the support racks and the main and / or additional columns, to move the structural elements of the ocher in the assembly process. 3 The device according to p. 1 or 2, in which the main and / or additional columns contain elements for fastening lifting mechanisms for the vertical movement of the structural elements OChK in the assembly process.

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