RU147235U1 - EXHAUST EXHAUST SILENCER OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An exhaust silencer comprising a housing, front and rear end walls, an intake and exhaust pipe, a neutralizing unit consisting of a filter, characterized in that the housing is oval, the exhaust pipe is located on the rear end wall coaxially with the intake, while the rear end the wall is removable, and the neutralizing unit is replaceable. 2. A silencer according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet and outlet pipes are flared at the ends for connecting flanges to the filter. 3. A silencer according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear end wall is blocked by six latches.

Description

The utility model relates to mechanical engineering, namely to silencers of heat engines with integrated means of purification and neutralization of exhaust gases by catalytic conversion of toxic exhaust components. Most preferably, its use in trucks.

Currently, to ensure a standardized level of pollution of exhaust gases of internal combustion engines (ICE) of vehicles, it is necessary to use cleaning elements, which are all kinds of catalytic converters. At the same time, the introduction of additional cleaning elements into existing designs of exhaust systems for ICE vehicles entails a change in their geometry with an increase in overall dimensions, which in some cases is unacceptable.

Known diesel exhaust gas neutralizer, (patent RU 2297544, IPC F01N 3/00, publ. 06/24/04.), Which consists of a cylindrical body with inlet and outlet nozzles, in which the particulate trap, catalytic converter and silencer are sequentially placed. The particulate trap is formed by a removable package without through cells from mesh metal plates and is installed after the diffuser from the inlet side. Between the housing and the catalytic converter there is a heat-insulating gasket providing accelerated heating of the converter to operating temperature. After the converter, a confuser is installed, the output channel of which is placed in the housing and is made in the form of a silencer. The main disadvantage of this muffler-neutralizer is that the particulate trap is regenerated during maintenance by mechanical means with a hot steam stream or by heat treatment in a vacuum oven, previously dismantled.

Known muffler-neutralizer, the housing of which consists of a passage end wall, which has openings for the passage of gases, a blind end wall and a cylindrical peripheral wall (Euro 4/5 - Emissionsgesetzgebung. Welchen Weg geht MAN, MAN Geschaftsbereich Group, Geschaftsbereich Motoren, Abteilung MVFT 07/22/2004, Advertising prospectus f-MAN, p. 35,). The inlet and outlet pipes, a baffle, a supporting baffle, a blind baffle, a bell and a neutralizing unit are installed in the housing. The neutralizing unit consists of a catalytic converter and a particulate filter, which are connected by a cone. The neutralizing unit is connected to the bell and to the supporting partition. The socket is also connected to the outlet pipe, which, in turn, is connected to the passage baffle and the passage end wall. The inlet pipe is connected to a baffle plate and a baffle plate. The supporting partition is located between the passage partition and the blank partition. The passage end wall, the passage baffle, the supporting partition, the blind partition and the blind end wall are connected to the cylindrical peripheral wall. On the surface of the supporting partition there are openings for the passage of gases. The cylindrical peripheral wall is made of one piece of sheet metal, the ends of which are connected by a seam. The disadvantage of this muffler-neutralizer is that the overall volume into which the body of the muffler-neutralizer fits is not used to the full extent. Compared with the cylindrical shape, the parallelepiped shape has a larger volume with equal dimensions, allowing you to place a larger volume of neutralizing blocks and provide better noise reduction.

Known muffler-wall neutralizer (Euro 4/5 Emissionsgesetzgebung. Welchen Weg geht MAN, MAN Nutzfahrzeuge Group, Geschaftsbereich Motoren, Abteilung MVFT, 07/22/2004, Advertising brochure f-MAN, p. 36), consisting of a passage end wall, which has a hole for the passage of gases, a blind end wall, an inner peripheral wall, an outer peripheral wall, an inlet pipe, a baffle plate, two supporting baffles, a baffle plate, five neutralizing blocks and an exhaust pipe. Each neutralizing unit consists of a catalytic converter and a particulate filter, which are interconnected by welding. A baffle plate, two supporting baffles and a blank partition are installed in the inner peripheral wall. The space between the end wall of the passage and the partition wall, the space between the blind end wall and the blind partition and the space between the inner peripheral wall and the outer peripheral wall is filled with fibrous material, which performs the functions of thermal and sound insulation. The inner peripheral wall and the outer peripheral wall have a tetrahedral shape in cross section, while the faces of the walls are made in radius. The outer peripheral wall consists of two parts, interconnected by two longitudinal seams. The obvious drawback is that the cost of five neutralizing units is more expensive than the cost of one neutralizing unit of equal volume.

Known muffler-neutralizer, the housing of which consists of a passage end wall, which has an opening for the passage of gases, a blind end wall and a peripheral wall (Application US 2004/0202591 A1, IPC B01D 53/34, publ. 14.10.2004.,). The inlet and outlet pipes, two internal partitions and a neutralizing unit are installed in the housing. The cross section of the silencer-converter is rectangular or square. The elongated inlet pipe, which extends in the area where the neutralizing unit is located, and the elongated outlet pipe, determine the housing proportions at which the length of the muffler-converter is approximately equal to its height. The practice of using such structures on MAN vehicles shows that the production of such silencers is time-consuming and requires significant material costs.

A known design of a silencer-converter of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine (patent RU 2297544, IPC F01N 1/00, publ. 20.03.06), which consists of a peripheral wall, a bore end wall, a blind end wall. An internal baffle, a neutralizing unit, an inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe are installed in the muffler-converter. In the neutralizing unit, two catalytic units are installed. The inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are located on the end wall of the passage. The neutralizing unit is connected to the internal partition. A baffle and a blank baffle are installed in the muffler-neutralizer. On the surface of the baffle and blind partition there is perforation. The baffle, together with the peripheral wall and the bore end wall, defines a cavity that is filled with sound-absorbing material. A blind partition, together with a peripheral wall and a blind end wall, defines a cavity that is filled with sound-absorbing material. The inner partition connected to the neutralizing block is made with openings for the passage of gases. The inlet pipe is connected to the neutralizing unit by a bell. Threaded studs are installed on the end wall for connecting pipelines. The peripheral wall is tetrahedral with rounded corners.

Having sufficiently high heat-resistant and sound-absorbing characteristics, a fibrous-porous sound-absorbing packing, usually made of basalt fiber, used in designs presented for comparison of silencers-neutralizers in most cases, attenuates unwanted defective resonant high-frequency “whistlers” of the muffler, primarily by “small-sized” ”4th longitudinal and 2nd radial eigenmodes of oscillation of the air volume of the chamber. However, this design has a number of significant drawbacks, the main of which are as follows:

- porous packing of fibrous basalt fiber actively absorbs and accumulates chemically aggressive condensate contained in the exhaust gases in the cavity, which causes accelerated internal corrosion of the walls and partitions of the silencer body, significantly reducing its life. It should be noted here that it is internal corrosion, and not mechanical loads, that are the main cause of the destruction of silencers in automobile ICEs;

the use of fibrous basalt fiber, due to the above reason, forces, in turn, to use expensive stainless chromium-nickel steels, to use additional devices for forced suction of the accumulated condensate from the chamber cavity by various diffuser receivers, which additionally complicates the design and makes it more expensive;

- during the operation of the vehicle, basalt fibers are partially blown away by the flow of exhaust gases from the silencer cavity into the environment, which leads to harmful and harmful to human health air pollution by small particles of basalt fibers;

filling the expansion chambers of the silencer with a fibrous noise-absorbing packing causes some loss of low-frequency noise damping efficiency due to the partial loss of the volume of the cavity of the expansion chamber filling the packing (as a rule, at the frequency of the lowest zero eigenmode of the chamber cavity);

- during long-term operation of the device, the porosity of the fibrous packing of the chamber decreases due to the accumulating effect of carbon particles (soot) and liquid condensate (“coking” of the pores), which leads to a deterioration in the sound-absorbing characteristics of the fibrous packing and a corresponding decrease in the sound-damping ability of the silencer as a whole;

- the use of basalt fibers in the technology of manufacturing silencers is associated with harmful production conditions, due to the possible ingress of small particles of fibers through the respiratory system into the human body.

A well-known exhaust gas exhaust silencer-neutralizer, consisting of a box-shaped housing separated by two baffles on the cavity, front and rear end walls, an inlet pipe, a neutralizing unit, consisting of coaxially mounted catalyst and particulate filters of equal diameter, the partitions are perforated in the front wall an exhaust window has been made, the axis of which is parallel to the axis of the inlet pipe, in the nutria of the body the neutralizing block is fixed in the holes of the partitions (see RF patent for useful th model №102682, IPC F01N 1/00 (2006.01), 2011). This decision was made as a prototype.

The disadvantage of this solution is the location of the inlet and outlet openings on one side of the muffler, which complicates the design and its installation on the car, as well as the box housing, which negatively affects the dynamics of the passage of gases, reducing the efficiency of the muffler.

The task is to simplify the design of the muffler-converter, to increase its effectiveness.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the well-known exhaust silencer-internal combustion engine ICE, comprising a housing, front and rear end walls, an intake and exhaust pipe, a neutralizing unit consisting of a filter, in accordance with the utility model, the housing is made oval, exhaust the pipe is located on the rear end wall coaxially with the inlet, while the rear end wall is removable, and the neutralizing unit is replaceable.

The silencer contains an exhaust silencer.

The inlet and outlet pipes are flared at the ends for connection with filter flanges.

The rear end wall is locked by six snap locks.

The muffler is intended primarily for the Gazelle GA3-270701.

The technical result from the use of all the essential features of a utility model is to simplify the design, increase the efficiency of the muffler.

The housing is oval with an exhaust pipe located on the rear end wall coaxially with the inlet and removable rear end walls, due to which the neutralizing unit can be installed with the possibility of replacement, which simplifies the design and improves the efficiency of the muffler.

The essence of the claimed technical solution is illustrated by drawings where: in Fig.1 - shows a General view of the muffler, Fig.2 - presents a removable filter of the muffler.

The silencer is equipped with a housing 1 having an oval cross-section of sheet metal 1 mm thick. The length of the silencer may be, for example, 700 mm. From the ends of the housing 1, the front and rear end walls 2, 3 are made, with pipes 4, 5. The front end wall 2 with a pipe 4 is welded to the body. The rear end wall 3 with the pipe 5 is removable for dismantling and mounting the neutralizing unit 6 (figure 2), consisting of a filter. The silencer may comprise a noise suppressor (not shown in the figure). The nozzles 4, 5 (Fig. 1) have a diameter of 63 mm, are flared from the ends and connected at the ends by flanges with the end walls 2, 3, metal sealing rings (not shown) are inserted into the expansion of the pipes. The exhaust rear wall 3 is blocked by at least six locks-latches 7.

The inventive exhaust silencer-converter operates as follows. The untreated exhaust gas through the inlet pipe 4 enters the neutralizing unit 6, where it is cleaned from CO2, adsorption of particulate matter, soot and other harmful impurities. The regeneration of adsorbed soot particles (carbon C) in soot filters occurs chemically through the oxidation reaction N02 + C02 + N2, thereby forming harmless carbon dioxide and nitrogen. Then the exhaust gases flow through the exhaust window into the pipe 5 of the exhaust system. Reactive damping of exhaust noise levels occurs using reflections of sound waves due to the difference in passage sections. Active (absorption) suppression of exhaust noise levels occurs using the conversion of sound energy into thermal energy, as a result of friction in the cellular structure of the neutralizing unit (filter).

The silencer can be made of modern materials using well-known technological equipment.

Claims (3)

1. An exhaust silencer comprising a housing, front and rear end walls, an intake and exhaust pipe, a neutralizing unit consisting of a filter, characterized in that the housing is oval, the exhaust pipe is located on the rear end wall coaxially with the intake, while the rear end the wall is removable, and the neutralizing unit is replaceable. 2. A muffler according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet and outlet pipes are flared at the ends to connect flanges to the filter. 3. The muffler according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear end wall is blocked by six latches.

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