RU146118U1 - DEVICE FOR CREATING AN INTERMEDIATE IN A WELL - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for creating a gap in the well, containing an elastic shutter and a support, characterized in that the elastic shutter is made in the form of a cup, the diameter of which is comparable to the diameter of the well, rigidly fastened to a support made in the form of a rod, a load is attached from below to the support, the transverse dimension of which 35-50% less than the diameter of the well, and the height of the support with the load is proportional to the length of the drill.

Description

The utility model relates to mining, in particular to the field of drilling and blasting and can be used in various industries that use blasting in rock masses.

For high-quality study of the bottom of the ledge, the well is drilled with a bump. The bore hole is necessary for the qualitative destruction of rocks in the bottom of the ledge and should be

l _n = (10 ÷ 15) d _c ,

where l _n is the length of the rebound, m;

d _c - well diameter, m

A borehole well leads to an increase in the volume of drilling, to a violation of the roof of the lower ledge, as a result of which it is taken to be minimal in easily exploded rocks. In hard-to-explode rocks when using multi-row short-blast blasting sometimes l _n > 15d _c. (VV Rzhevsky. Open cast mining. Part 1. Production processes. Fourth edition, revised and supplemented. M., Nedra, 1985, pp. 85-86).

The practice of drilling and blasting and theoretical studies show that the creation of gaps in the borehole charge can reduce the specific consumption of explosives without compromising the quality of the explosive preparation of the rock for excavation. The nature of the mentioned effect lies in the fact that after the explosion of a charge adjacent to the gap, expanding gases fill the gap and, when compressed, accumulate energy, the destructive effect of which on the array ensures the required quality of explosive preparation. In addition, it is known that the gaps in the borehole charges accumulate and transfer the energy of the explosion to the array in such a way that the overcrushed rock in the near charge zone is reduced and provides a more uniform crushing of the rock.

A device for dispersing the charge in the well in the form of a pneumatic borehole shutter, the diameter of which exceeds the diameter of the well (RF patent No. 2235971, IPC F42D 1/02, F42D 1/08, publ. 09/10/2004).

Disadvantages: the device is difficult to install at the level of the sole of the ledge.

A device is known for the formation of air gaps in a borehole charge, comprising an elastic shutter blocking the borehole cross section (RF patent No. 2317517, IPC).

The disadvantages of the known device: the device is difficult to install at the level of the sole of the ledge.

A device for dispersing the explosive charge through the air gap containing an elastic shutter and support (AS USSR No. 614658, IPC E21C 37/00, F42D 1/02, publ. 29.10.79).

The disadvantages of the known device: the device is difficult to install at the level of the sole of the ledge.

The technical result of using the proposed utility model is to reduce the specific consumption of explosives while maintaining good quality in the preparation of blasted rock mass.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for creating a gap in the well, containing an elastic shutter and a support, according to the claimed utility model, the elastic shutter is made in the form of a cup, the diameter of which is commensurate with the diameter of the well rigidly fastened to the support, made in the form of a rod, a load is attached to the bottom of the support, the transverse dimension of which is 35-50% less than the diameter of the well, and the height of the support with the load is commensurate with the length of the drill.

The inventive device is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a loading diagram of a well on a ledge; in FIG. 2 is a diagram of a device installation in a well.

A device for creating a gap, for example, air or water, in the bottom of the well contains an elastic shutter 1 overlying the cross section of the well and a support 2 with a load 3 attached to it (Fig. 1, 2). The elastic shutter 1 is made in the form of a bowl, the diameter of which is commensurate with the diameter of the well, in order to prevent the penetration of explosive (BB) into the space between the walls of the well and the elastic shutter 1 so that the charge does not spill to the bottom. To eliminate hangs or jamming of the device in the well, the elastic shutter 1 is rigidly fastened to the support 2, to the lower end of which a load 3 is attached, the transverse dimension of which is 35-50% less than the diameter of the well. To install the inventive device at the level of the sole of the ledge, the height of the support 2 with the load 3 is made commensurate with the length of the rebar l _n (Fig. 1).

The inventive device is used for high-quality study of the soles of the ledge. Using the inventive device create an air or water gap in the bottom of the well. To do this, the inventive device is lowered into the pre-drilled downhole wells. As the device is lowered into the well, explosive 4 (BB) is poured. Under the weight of the explosive charge and the load attached to the support, the inventive device is lowered to the bottom of the well, so that the upper part of the device is located at the level of the bottom of the ledge, and the load is at the bottom of the well. During the explosion, gases in the air gap in the bottom of the well expand downward as well as upward. Thanks to this, a good quality of preparation of blasted rock mass is achieved.

An example of the use of the device. Charging was carried out at OJSC "Razrez Krasnobrodsky", a mining site No. 4, block No. 38, during an explosion of rocks consisting of sandstone with a strength of 9 on the scale of prof. M.M. Protodyakonova. The block was drilled with a DML 8528 drilling rig at a horizon of 65-104.3 between profiles 36-42. The wells were drilled vertically, the diameter of the well was 215.9 mm, and the height of the drill was 2 m. The total depth of the wells was about 17 meters.

The wells were charged as follows. At the bottom of the flooded well on the cord, a device was lowered to create a gap in the bottom of the well. Then, on the elastic shutter of the claimed device, made in the form of a bowl, the TT-P 850 checker was lowered and the well was charged with granulite UP-1 in a volume of 290 kg. Thus, 14 wells were charged. Before the explosion, the distance from the surface to the top of the charge in the borehole was measured. It has not changed during the charging of the entire unit (about 4.5 hours). After the explosion, the quality of the blasted rock mass did not change and the excavator’s performance when shipping the blasted mass on the part of the blasting unit where the inventive device was used and on that part of the blasting block where the inventive device was not used remained the same, although it was saved when using the inventive device on each well 90 kg of explosive.

Thus, the claimed device allows to reduce the specific consumption of explosives while maintaining a good quality of preparation of blasted rock mass.

Claims (1)

A device for creating a gap in the well, containing an elastic shutter and a support, characterized in that the elastic shutter is made in the form of a cup, the diameter of which is comparable to the diameter of the well, rigidly fastened to a support made in the form of a rod, a load is attached from below to the support, the transverse dimension of which 35-50% less than the diameter of the well, and the height of the support with the load is proportional to the length of the drill.