RU139346U1 - MODULAR AIRCRAFT UNLOADED PISTON ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A rodless piston engine, characterized in that it contains at least one main module with a piston-cylinder group and shafts located in its housing, the ends of which are made with axial gear protrusions and splined holes matching in configuration with the said protrusions, and also a device synchronization of rotation of the shafts of the main module, made in the form of a separate module with two gear wheels installed coaxially in its body, each of which has its own pair of gears made with a config walkie-talkie, which allows to form splined joints with the same direction of rotation shafts of the main module, and the gears are rigidly connected to the central parts of the movers, forming a coaxial arrangement, while the piston-cylinder group of the main module includes a cylinder with hard-moving pistons inside it connected to the rods, as well as rails with straight guide grooves, each of which is made in one piece with the rod, sliders placed in the direction guides slots, with simultaneous translational movement in mutually opposite direction, and formed with holes in which are rotatably disposed between the fingers forming a toothed gear pair valov.2 compound. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the mover is made in the form of a blade screw.

Description

This utility model relates to mechanical engineering and can be applicable in the design of aircraft two-stroke piston engines with counter-moving pistons in the working chamber.

The prior art two-stroke reciprocating internal combustion engine (GB 605225 A, IPC F01B 7/14, publ. 07/19/1948,) comprising a housing with counter-moving pistons in the working chambers of the cylinders connected by crank mechanisms with their crankshafts, and also a device for synchronizing the rotation of the shafts, consisting of a gear connected with gears mounted on the shafts.

In the known solution, the engine is affected by unbalanced inertia forces of reciprocating moving and rotating masses that are variable in magnitude and direction, which negatively affect the engine, causing increased wear of parts, their fatigue failure, weakening of bolted joints, etc. In addition, the design of the known engine has limited functionality.

As a prototype, the applicant chose a rodless two-stroke internal combustion engine (RU 2251008 C2, IPC F02B 75/32, published April 27, 2005) with counter-moving pistons in rectangular working chambers with at least two working chambers installed between two crankcases, in which 3 crankshafts are placed, combined with synchronous rotation gears, and the middle crankshafts in each crankcase are combined with gears that make up the gearbox for transmitting rotation to the working shaft, crankshaft journals Rocker arms in curved grooves on which rods with pistons placed in working chambers are mounted

In the engine selected for the prototype, the problem of vibration as a whole was solved due to the structural implementation of the rocker arm, which makes it possible to mutually balance the variable inertial forces of the translationally moving and rotating masses. At the same time, the indicated construction of the connection “crank neck - rocker guide grooves” does not protect the crank necks from radial impact loads, thus significantly accelerating the wear of parts. In addition, the design of the prototype is very complex and has limited functionality.

The objective of this utility model is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prototype.

The technical result is the creation of a universal modular engine design, which eliminates vibration and runout in it, provides quick replacement of a failed structural element, simplifying and speeding up the repair process, and also being able to quickly adjust engine power depending on the tasks that Together, it provides improved engine performance.

To achieve the specified technical result, the aircraft rodless piston engine contains at least one main module with a cylinder-piston group and shafts located in its housing, the ends of which are made with axial gear protrusions and splined holes matching in configuration with the said protrusions, and also a device for synchronizing the rotation of the shafts of the main module, which is made in the form of a separate module, in the housing of which two gears are mounted coaxially, each of which has its own a pair of gears made with a configuration that allows forming spline connections with the main module shafts with the same direction of rotation, moreover, the gear wheels are equipped with central parts of the propulsors, which are rigidly connected in such a way that the latter form a coaxial arrangement with each other, while the cylinder-piston The main module group includes a cylinder with counter-moving pistons placed inside it, rigidly connected to the rods, as well as rails with straight guide grooves, like Dye of which is formed integrally with the rod, the sliders arranged in the guide grooves, with simultaneous translational movement in vzaimnoprotivopolozhnom direction and formed with holes in which are rotatably disposed between the fingers forming a toothed gear connection paired shafts.

The implementation of the mechanism for converting the reciprocating movement of the pistons in the form of a horizontal rack, made in one piece with a rod oriented perpendicular to the central part of its plane, and kinematically connected by means of fingers arranged in the guiding grooves to form a pair of gears between the shaft shafts, allows the engine to dynamically balance in which the resultant (resulting) forces and moments of these forces are equal to zero. Thus, vibration of the entire engine structure is eliminated, which reduces wear on the cylinder-piston group.

The interaction of the fingers of the pair of gears with the slots of the rack through sliders placed in the guide grooves of the rack with the possibility of synchronous translational movement, provides a tight and reliable fit of the contact surfaces of the sliders to the contact surfaces of the guide grooves of the rack, which eliminates radial beating of the fingers, and thus increase their wear resistance.

The gear mover can be a blade screw, and the coaxial arrangement of the central parts of the screws allows to further reduce the level of vibration of the engine, which is achieved by summing the vibrations of one and the other screws so that the maximum amplitudes of the vibrations of one with a certain shift coincide with the minima of the other, compensating for reactive moments arising from each of the screws.

The implementation of the end parts of the shafts with axial gear protrusions and splined holes, matching in configuration with the gear teeth of the shafts, allows you to create a universal modular engine design. Thanks to this embodiment, it is possible to additionally attach to the main module case the required number of the same modules of the same type, or, on the contrary, disconnect, which leads to an increase in engine power or, accordingly, reduction, depending on the tasks performed. In addition, the specified structural design of the shafts of the main module allows you to mechanically shift the working cycles of the cylinders of the connected modules by the desired value. The modularity of the design also makes it possible to simplify engine repair with the ability to quickly replace a failed main module or a shaft synchronization device of the main module due to its implementation as a separate module, in the case of which two gear wheels are mounted coaxially, each of which has its own pair of gears, made with a configuration that allows the formation of spline connections with the shafts of the main module identical in the direction of rotation.

The present invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 - General diagram of the engine module;

figure 2 - section of the module along the longitudinal axis of the shafts;

figure 3 - section of the module along the transverse axis of the shafts;

figure 4 - General view of the module with a device for synchronization and power take-off;

5 is a section of a modular connection of the engine along the longitudinal axis of the shafts.

The rodless piston engine is a modular design comprising a housing (not shown in FIG.) With cylinder 1 fixed in it (FIG. 1), in the working chamber 2 of which pistons 4 are reciprocally mounted on rods 3 (FIG. 2). The rod 3 of each piston 4 is connected to its rack 5 and is made with it in one piece. The rail 5 has straight guide grooves 6, in which the sliders 7 are located, with the possibility of reciprocating motion in the grooves 6. The sliders 7 are provided with central holes, in each of which a finger 8 of the pair gear 9 is mounted on the rolling bearing (not shown) shaft 10 (figure 3). The ends of the shafts 10 have axial gear protrusions 11 on one side and splined holes 12 on the other hand, the configuration of which coincides with the configuration of the projections 11. Paired gears 9 having a common rack 5 form a gear pair with which the rigid system “piston” -shtok-rake ”performs reciprocating movements through the fingers 8. Synchronization of the translational motion of the reciprocating piston-rod-rake systems is achieved thanks to the synchronization device, which is a separate module. The synchronization device (Fig. 4) comprises a housing (not shown in Fig.) With a uniaxial pair of gears 13, 14 and gears 15, 16, 17, 18 installed in pairs and engaged with one of the gears (gears 15, 16 - with the wheel 13, and gears 17, 18 - with the wheel 14, respectively) and forming the gears "gear-gear wheel-gear". The gears 13, 14 form a rigid pair of axial connections with the hubs - 19, 20, which are the central parts of the propulsors, and form a coaxial arrangement between themselves.

The claimed rodless piston engine operates as follows.

When the pistons are in the top dead center (TDC), fuel is injected into the working chamber, which sets the working stroke of the pistons 4, which through the rods 3 move the racks 5 in the gears 9. In this case, the sliders 7 make reciprocating movements inside the grooves of the rails 5, and the fingers 8 of the gears 9 rotate in opposite directions, converting the reciprocating movement of the sliders 7 into the rotational movement of the gears 9. The movement of the pistons 4 from TDC to the bottom dead center (BDC) and vice versa corresponds to the movements of the sliders 7 and rails 5, respectively from the middle upper position to the extreme (right or left, depending on the direction of the slide) middle position, through the middle and lower position to the starting position. The gear 9 in its parameters is selected so that the moment of inertia of the gear allows the piston 4 to be removed from TDC and BDC.

The claimed design allows, if necessary, depending on the tasks performed, to attach one or more of the same modules to the main module (figure 5). The connection is carried out, for example, by reciprocal alignment of the gear teeth of the shafts of the main module with the splined holes of the shafts of the connected module.

Claims (2)

1. A rodless piston engine, characterized in that it contains at least one main module with a piston-cylinder group and shafts located in its housing, the ends of which are made with axial gear protrusions and splined holes matching in configuration with the said protrusions, and also a device synchronization of rotation of the shafts of the main module, made in the form of a separate module with two gear wheels installed coaxially in its body, each of which has its own pair of gears made with a config walkie-talkie, which allows to form splined joints with the same direction of rotation shafts of the main module, and the gears are rigidly connected to the central parts of the movers, forming a coaxial arrangement, while the piston-cylinder group of the main module includes a cylinder with hard-moving pistons inside it connected to the rods, as well as rails with straight guide grooves, each of which is made in one piece with the rod, sliders placed in the direction guides slots, with simultaneous translational movement in mutually opposite direction, and formed with holes in which are rotatably disposed between the fingers forming a toothed gear connection paired shafts. 2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the mover is made in the form of a blade screw.

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