RU1325816C - Dispersing agent for removing film oil contaminations from water surface - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to the purification of water from hepteproducts by dispersing contaminants using chemicals. As a dispersant of oil purifier pestilence OM-84 proposed is-. use a composition including May.%: oil-soluble hydroxyethylated alkyl phenols 30-50 alkyl phosphates of higher fatty alcohols 5-15 diethanolamides of fatty acids 1.0-10.0 and liquid paraffins - up to 100%. The dispersant can increase the emulsifying and stabilizing effects, reduce the toxicity of the drug and increase its biological activity. 1 tab. a W (L CO to sl 00

Description

The invention relates to cleaning

the surface of water from petroleum products using dispersant preparations.

The aim of the invention is to increase the dispersing action, reduce toxicity and increase biological activity.

The composition of the proposed dispersant includes oil-soluble hydroxyethylated alkyl phenols, higher fatty alcohol apkyl phosphates, fatty acid diethanolamides and liquid paraffins in the following ratio of components,

wt.%:

Oil-soluble hydroxyethylated alkyutphenols 30.0-50.0 Llkylphosphates of higher cyanols 5.0-15.0 Diethiolamides of fatty acids. 1.0-10.0 paraffins Else Oxyethyl per 3-6 moles of ethylene oxide alkyl phenols of the type of emulsifier OP-4 of the general formula () Н, where R is alkyl, isoalkyl containing mainly 8-12 carbon atoms, provide high emulsifying effect. Apart from OP-4, other hydroxyethylated alkyl phenols with a degree of hydroxyethylation of 3-6, which have a high dispersing ability with respect to petroleum products, can also be used.

In order to obtain the required stability of oil emulsions, higher-level alkyl phosphates are added to the dispersant

fatty alcohols (VHS) of the general formula;

(RO) p O

where R is a hydrocarbon radical

And fatty cat diethanolamides: iz (FFA)

formulas RCONCCjH OH).

The addition to the composition of the product, in addition to the ethoxylated alkyl phenols of alkyl fatty alkyl phosphates and diethanolamides of fatty acids in a certain ratio, provides a more significant increase in the aggregate stability of the emulsions due to the synergism of their action than is achieved by using each component separately.

The presence of liquid paraffins in the preparation provides

5

0

5

The combination of all components, which makes the product good and reduces the viscosity of the dispersant, contributes to its combination with petroleum products, which accordingly facilitates the process of dispersing oil in water.

The technology for preparing a dispersant for cleaning the surface of the water from film of oil and oil contaminants consists in mixing the starting components at 40-50 ° C according to a batch or continuous scheme, with no gaseous emissions and wastewater being generated.

Example. By mixing 3 g (30%) of ethylene alkylated per 5 mol of oxide and ethylene of alkyl phenols, 0.5 g (5%) of alkyls1) osfates based on HPLC 0.1 g (1%) of diethylamides FFA C.-C and 6.4 g (64%) of the n-paraffin fraction prepared 10 g of the proposed dispersant.

The dispersion ability was evaluated using the following procedure. In 1 metal cup, pour 1 liter of artificially prepared sea water, water, and place the water surface (lay a polyethylene ring in the center of which 5 ml of oil product (marine fuel oil F-5) and 1 ml of agent are added. The mixture is kept for 1 min, and then stirred for 1 min (n 1800 rpm).

Then the emulsion is poured into a tank for sludge and after 5 minutes, 30 minutes, 1, 3, 5 hours samples were taken in the amount of 50 mg: The emulsion is analyzed for the content of oil products in the mass of sea water by photocolorimetry of a chloroform extract. The concentration of oil in the emulsion is determined by a calibration curve. The quantitative indicator of dispersing ability is determined by the following formula:

D D s

100%,

where D is the dispersing ability (dispersion), wt, -%;

а - the amount of emulsified oil product, determined by the calibration curve, mg / l;

C is the amount of oil introduced into the system, mg / L.

The following data on dispersing (emulsifying and stable

lysing) abilities of the proposed composition.

Dispersion sampling time, May D samples, min (h)

581.1

3051.0

60 (1) 45.3 180 (3) 41.8

300 (5) 26.2

PRI me R 2. By mixing 4.0 g (40%) of ethoxylated per 5 mol of alkyl phenols, 1.0 g (10%) of alkyl phosphates based on VZhS, ,, 0.5 g (5%) of diethanolamides SS Tsts -WITH. and 4.5 (45%) n-paraffins of the C-C fraction gave 10 g of the proposed product.

The following dispersion data was obtained.

Dispersion sampling time, us.% Of samples, min (h)

582.0

3069.8

60 (P57.2

180 (3) 50.0

300 (5) 28.0

Example 3. By mixing 5.0 g (50%) of alkylphenols oxyethylated per 5 mol of ethylene oxide, 1.5 g (15%) of VZH alkylphosphates ,,, 1.0 (10%) of FFA diethanolamides and 2.5 g (25%) n-paraffin fraction, prepared 10 g of the proposed funds.

The following dispersion data was obtained. Sampling time. Dispersion, wt.% Samples (h)

5 82.5

30- 52.9

60 (1) 51.3

1§0 (3) 45.0

300 (5) 27.5.

PRI me R 4. By mixing 4.0 g (40%) of the emulsifier OP-4, 1.0 g (10%) of alkyl phosphates based on the HPLC fraction, .0.5 g (5%) of diethanolamides FFA fraction C ( , -C and 4.5 g (45%) of the n-prafins fraction, 10 g of the proposed preparation are prepared.

The following is obtained — ie, data on the dispersing ability of the agent. The time of selection of the dispersion, wt.%

samples, min (h)

5 80.5

30 49.1

60tn42.3

180 (3) 39.8

300 (5) 26.0

5

0

0

5

5

5

0

5

AND EXAMPLE 5. By mixing 4.0 g (40%) of ethylene oxide alkyl phenols per 3 mol, 1.5 g (15%) of alkyl phosphates based on the HPLC fraction, 0.5 g (5%) of diethanol amides FFA fractions and 4.0 g (40%) of the n-paraffins of the fraction were prepared, 10 g of the proposed product.

The following data on the dispersing ability of the agent were obtained. Dispersion sampling time, wt.% Samples, min (h)

5.0. 83.0 30 49.2

60 (1) 48.4

180 (3) 36.6

300 (5) 26.5

Example 6.-By mixing 4.0 g (40%) of ethylene oxide -4 mol of ethylene oxide alkyl phenols, 1-, 5 g (15%) alk1Sh (Zyusfatov based on the HPLC fraction, 0.5 g (5%) of diethanolamides FFA fraction C, and 4.0 g (4 b%) of n-paraffins of fraction C, -C ,, prepared 10 g of the proposed funds.

The following dispersion data was obtained. . Dispersion sampling time, samples, min (h)

579.0

3047.5.

60 (1) 46.1

180 (3) 40.3

300 (5) 26.0 PRI me R 7. By mixing 4.0 g (40%) of hydroxyethlnipropane per 6 mol of ethylene oxide alkyl phenols, 1.5 g (15%) of alkyl phosphates based on the HPLC fraction, 0.3 g (5%) diethyl amides of the LVF fraction, and 4.0 g (40%) of the n-paraffins fraction, 10 g of the proposed preparation were prepared.

The following data were obtained: e by dg - - pergative ability.

Dispersion sampling time, May, l samples, min (h)

580.0

3050.3

60 (1). 45.4

180 (3) .. 38.7 300 (5) 26.3

Example 8. By mixing 4.0 i (40%) of ethoxylated 11L1X per 5 mol of ethylene oxide alklphenols and 6.0 g (60%) of n-paraffins of fraction C, -C, 10 g of dispersant were prepared5

Royani oil pollution.

The following dispersion data were obtained.

Dispersion sampling time, wt.% Samples, min (h)

5 . 36.6 3021.4

60 (1) 18.7

180 (3) 16.5

300 (5) 10.5

Example 9. By mixing 4.0 g (40%) of alkyl phosphates based on the HPLC of fraction C, p-CjQ and 0.6 g (60%) of n-paraffins of fraction C-C, g of dispersant was prepared

10

oil pollution.

The resulting emulsion, after stopping mixing, immediately begins to break down. After 5 minutes, almost the entire oil product floats to the surface of the water.

PRI me R 10. By mixing A, O g (40%) of diethanolamides FFA fraction CjjfC jH 6.0 g (60%) of paraffin wax fraction. 10 g of oil contaminant dispersant was prepared.

The following dispersion data was obtained.

Dispersion sampling time, wt.% Samples, min h

5 - 22.3 307.7

60 (1) 5.5

180 (3) 4.8

300 (5) 2.7

. The data obtained are summarized in a table.

: The proposed dispersant has 0 satisfactory marketability and can withstand 10 freeze-thaw cycles without any effect on its effectiveness.

The advantages of the proposed Sr. - should include a reduced toK Known average 1 72.0 44.5 38.130.121.8

Suggested Dispersant

Example 81.1 51.0 45.341.826.2

282.0 69.8 57.2 50.028.0

6 6

environmental impact: according to preliminary results of studies conducted at PINRO (Murmansk), the MPC for water in fishery reservoirs is approximately 0.5 mg / l.

In addition, the presence of phosphorus and nitrogen salts in the dispersant is likely to have a positive effect on the growth of the microorganism involved in the biodegradation of petroleum products for which they (salts) are a nutrient medium. According to studies conducted at the Institute of Biology of the South Seas (Sevastopol), the addition of OM-84 oil dispersant to seawater stimulates the development of microflora, which indicates the biological activity of the proposed agent.

Claims (1)

The claims A dispersant for cleaning the surface of water from film of oil and oil contaminants, containing surfactants and liquid paraffins, characterized in that, in order to increase the dispersing effect, reduce toxicity and increase biological activity, as surfactants use oil-soluble hydroxyethylated alkyl phenols, alkyl phosphates of higher fatty alcohols and diethanolamides of fatty acids in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Oil soluble ethoxylated alkyl phenols 30.0-50.0 Higher Alkyl Phosphates fatty alcohols 5.0-15.0 Fatty Diethanolamides acids 1.0-10.0 Liquid paraffin, rest Compiled by L. Ananieva Editor T. Ivanova Tehred L. Serdyukova Order 4568 Circulation VNIIIPI of the State Committee of the USSR On matters of inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Rauska nab., D / 5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Projectna, D Table continuation Proofreader L. Pilipenkv