RU123031U1 - ARCH MULTI-FUNCTIONAL MODULAR DESIGN (AMMK) - Google Patents

Abstract

An arched modular multifunctional structure (AMMK) consisting of modules connected by a system of metal cables is designed to be used both as a supporting arch and as an arched covering of a structure. The arch construction is universal, since the span and the height of the arch can be adjusted without changing the number of modules previously defined by the project. An arched structure is a collection of metal modules pivotally connected to each other through a system of cables that hold the modules in position. Modules are not rigidly interconnected. They are pressed against each other due to the tension of the cables. And the final design position arched structure takes during the fixation of the lower bearing cables. The modules work in compression - they are pulled together by cables running along the upper and lower planes of the modules, working in tension. The cables passing along the lower plane of the modules play the role of a tightening, which holds the arch structure in the design position and take on all the load from the arch structure, which is in working condition. The cables running along the top plane of the modules are mounting cables. They take the load during the installation of the structure using a crane. The arched structure, consisting of the same modules and a system of load-bearing cables, allows you to cover large spans, limited by the power of lifting devices. For transporting such an arch to the construction site, special transport is not required, since the modules are small (approximately the distance between the supporting planes is 2-4 m) and their delivery is not very difficult. Assembly of the structure for installation will take a minimum of time. When covering large spans with Byte structures, there is a large sag of structures when tensile cables are in the design position. In the model I proposed, there is no deflection of the structure, since the tensioned cables hold the design arch position of the structure and there is no tightening at the level of the foundations. Advantages of AMMK: - delivery of the structure to the construction site is simplified; - quick assembly of modular designs; - the strength of the structure is not affected by earthquakes; - the height and span of the arch is limited by the length of the cables and the power of the lifting devices;

- the design of the arch can be used both as a supporting arch and as an arched coating;

- use this design as an arch cover, it is possible in the construction of the roof of large-span hangars, large exhibition venues, stadiums, coverings of runways of airfields, etc .;

- when installing large temporary structures, such a structure can be disassembled and transported to another place.

- instead of metallic materials, it is possible to use composite materials to facilitate lightweight construction.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The utility model relates to building structures: load-bearing arches and coating arches and can be used in the construction of industrial, civil and agricultural structures.

State of the art

Arched structures are known:

- three-hinged, two-hinged, hinged;

- flat, straight, semicircular, uplifting, lancet;

- without tightening, with tightening along the support hinges, with tightening above the supports.

(Description of arch structures in the textbook for universities V.K. Faybishenko "Metal structures" Moscow, Stroyizdat, 1984). The disadvantages of these structures include their complexity in manufacturing, material consumption, the difficulty of delivering parts of large-span arch structures to the construction site, and the complexity of assembly and installation in the design position. The span of arched structures does not usually exceed 200-250 meters. As a prototype, arochmoy. design can give an example of a metal arch. The metal arch can be continuous, the cross-sectional height of such arches is 1750-1780, spanning up to 60 meters, and the through (lattice) cross-section (trellised) with a cross-sectional height of 1 / 30-1 / 60 span with a span of more than 60 meters.

In the above arched structures, the spacer is perceived as a puff, arranged at the level of the support nodes. However, tightening prevents the normal operation of the entire room and requires additional material for the suspension. In large-span public and industrial buildings, they are exempted from tightening by transferring the thrust to rigid supports in the form of transverse frames, pylons, stands or directly foundations.

Utility Model Disclosure

The objective of the invention of the utility model is: 1) an increase in the span of the structure which is achieved by the fact that in AMMK metal modules work in compression, and tensile forces perceive steel cables; 2) the decision to simplify the delivery of structures to the construction site - delivery to the object is carried out in separate modules, where they are connected to each other using steel cables.

Description of drawings

On sheet 1 is a diagram of AMMK, on sheet 2 is a diagram of AMMK with a center of gravity near the foundation supports, on sheet 3 is a diagram of the location of AMMK as load-bearing arches, on sheet 4 is a diagram of AMMK as an arch of the coating, on sheet 5 - The scheme of the AMMK in the folded state for the convenience of transporting structures with a small span.

Utility Model Implementation

The AMMK (sheet 1) consists of ordinary (1), support (2, 3) and lock (4) metal modules interconnected by puffs from the belt of steel cables located near the outer surface - the upper mounting cable (5) and near the inner surfaces - lower mounting cable (6) of the arched structure. The length of steel cables (5, 6) is set in accordance with the calculation and design assignment. When lifting an arch structure made of metal modules to fix its geometric dimensions in accordance with the project and installing it on a previously prepared foundation, tensile forces perceive steel cables located on the outer surface of the structure (5), since the arch structure is lifted beyond the central (castle) structural module (4), which leads to sagging of the modules located on the left and right sides of the central (castle) module, held at the moment of lifting the structure by the upper the jar cables (5). And when it is installed in the design position on the foundation, tensile stresses are redistributed to the cables located at the inner surface of the arch structure (6) - the lower belt of the cables (at the time of the maximum sag of the structure, when the upper belt of the cables is stretched to the design length, the cables of the lower belt are pulled and are fixed along the length determined by the project, their final tension will occur when the structure is installed in the design position on the foundations), since the action of the force of the lifting mechanism weakens and the structure tends to straighten due to its own mass. The cables of the lower belt prevent further straightening of the structure, since their length is limited by the design length, and their ends are fixed in the support modules (2, 3). Assembly (tightening) of the structure occurs during its lifting by a lifting device. The number of metal modules and the length of the upper and lower cables are determined by the project. The number of cables at the outer and inner surface of the structure can not be less than 2 in each plane, to maintain the stability of the structure. One support module (2) is fixed stationary (pivotally) on the foundation, the other support module (3) is movably connected to the foundation so that the steel cables are constantly in tension and there is no weakening of their tension, which can lead to loss of structural stability . Steel cables (5, 6), being puffs in this design, allow you to perceive large tensile stresses both when lifting the structure (during assembly), and when it is in the working design position. Modules (1, 2, 3, 4) of the structure work in compression. Such a constructive solution allows using the strength characteristics of the materials used with greater efficiency. The span of an arch construction made of metal modules can be limited only by the number, length and carrying capacity of the cables used (5, 6). The technical effect is achieved through the use of steel cables as stretched structural elements: the weight of the structure is reduced. The modular system allows you to facilitate the delivery of the structure to the construction site, which is very important when building facilities in settlements. The assembly time is extremely reduced due to the lack of welding, and adjusting the height of the lift and the span of the arch structure will allow you to change not only the architecture of the structure, but also its purpose. Moreover, all this will be done without completely disassembling the structure (only by changing the length of the installation cables). An arched multifunctional modular design with load-bearing cable ties with a variable height of the structure, according to its external characteristics, is a multi-hinged arched structure, but the upper and lower puff belts used make it possible to perceive it as a hinge-free arched structure when calculating strength, as spacer forces take self-tightening located in the lower zone near the inner surface of the arched structure. With this arrangement of puffs, only vertical loads from the arched structure act on the foundation. Span efforts on the foundation do not work.

When creating an arched structure from metal modules, ordinary modules of the same size are used (1), the number and dimensions of which are determined by the project; supporting modules (2, 3) used to support the structure on the foundation and the locking module (4), designed to be fixed to the lifting device (crane).

All modules of the arched construction have two radially rounded sides with which they are in contact with each other. That is, connecting with each other on their sides, they form one strip along the width of the modules and a length approximately equal to the span of the arch determined by the project. Steel cables are installed in the upper and lower planes of the modules (closer to the surface) (5, 6): at least 2 in each plane. The modules are made of assorted steel, taking into account their compression work. The size of the modules is selected taking into account their delivery to the construction site by transport. AMMK can be used as arched structures in the construction of large-span hangars, stadiums, runways of airfields, bridges, etc.

All of the above allowed:

1. Create a technologically simple design for use in the construction of large-span structures.

2. To simplify the manufacturing of arched structures to the maximum.

3. Get a structure with great efficiency in using the workspace.

4. To simplify the delivery of the structure to the construction site.

5. In the presence of the same number of modules, it is possible to build structures of various heights and spans.

A brief description of the drawings.

Sheet 1.

The scheme of the AMMK with load-bearing puffs made of cables with a variable height of the structure located in the design position.

1 - row modules

2 - support module with fixed (hinged) fastening to the foundation

3 - support module with movable support on the foundation

4 - lock (central) module

5 - belt upper mounting steel cables

6 - belt lower mounting steel cables

Sheet 2.

The AMMK scheme with load-bearing puffs of cables with a variable height of the structure with the center of gravity of the structure shifted downward by securing the load (constant load) on the cables. The bridge construction scheme is presented.

1 - middle metal modules

2 - supporting metal module with fixed (hinged) fastening to the foundation

3 - supporting metal module with movable support on the foundation

5 - belt of upper steel cables

6 - belt of lower steel cables

7 - pendants made of steel cables

8 - cargo (pavement on the basis of steel structures)

Sheet 3.

Structural design scheme, where AMMK plays the role of load-bearing structures interconnected by girders to support the coating on them.

1 - AMMK

2 - runs

N - height AMMK

L - span AMMK

In - span runs

Sheet 4.

The construction structure scheme, where the AMMK acts as a coating arch.

H - arch height

D is the length of the coating modules

L - arch span

Sheet 5.

The design scheme, where the AMMK is transported in the form of a folded structure in order to reduce the time for installing the AMMK in the design position.

1 - AMMK modules

2, 3 - bearing cables

Claims (1)

Arched multifunctional modular structure (AMMK) with a variable height and span of a structure of metal row modules (1), a central module (2) of the same geometric dimensions and support modules (3, 4), interconnected by 2 steel cable belts: lower belt (5), the upper belt (6), where, by strengthening or easing the tension of the lower belt cables (5) located in the lower part of the AMMK module, it is possible to adjust the height of the arch structure and the span and it is also necessary to increase or decrease the length of the cable s top chord (6) located in the upper part ACMC module; the modules are not fixed to each other and are interconnected due to the compressive forces of the tensioned cables inside the AMMK module, since the fixed (articulated) bearing on the foundation has only one support module (3), and the second support module (4) only rests on the foundation having freedom of movement in the longitudinal direction; in order to form the supporting frame of the structure, arched structures are installed at some distance from each other (6, 9, 12, etc. meters) on the foundation, after which the coating is mounted on them.