RU116531U1 - THREE-LAYER BUILDING BLOCK - Google Patents

Abstract

A three-layer building block, consisting of three layers of rectangular cross-section and a reinforcing frame, characterized in that the outer bearing layer "A" is made of high-strength concrete, the inner heat-insulating layer "B" is made of polyfoam "Teplor", and the outer decorative layer "C" is made from expanded clay concrete mixture; the layers are reinforced and fastened together with a steel frame made of reinforcement A3 with a diameter of 10 mm and consisting of two parts, and the thickness of the layers is: "A" - 200-250 mm, "B" - 150-200 mm, "C" - 20 -30 mm.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The utility model relates to the production of products used in the construction of industrial and civil facilities with high requirements for strength, sound and heat insulation of rooms.

State of the art

Known multi-layer building block [RF patent for the invention No. 2317381, IPC class E04C 1/40, publ. 02/20/2008], consisting of a bearing layer and a decorative layer made of heavy concrete, as well as a heat-insulating layer located between them, made of polystyrene foam. The layers are fastened together by polymer rods made with a sharp end on the side in contact with the decorative layer, and with a hook on the side in contact with the carrier layer.

The disadvantages of this block is the use of less effective thermal insulation material and expensive heavy concrete.

The closest in technical essence - the prototype - is a three-layer reinforced arbolite block [RF patent for the invention No. 2344243, IPC class E04B 1/14, publ. January 20, 2009], consisting of two outer layers made of arbolite, made on the basis of wood filler of Daurian larch and an inner layer made of foam insulation: ecofoam or polystyrene. The outer and inner layers are reinforced and interconnected by a single wooden block frame, which is treated with a solution of water glass.

The disadvantages of this block is the implementation of the central layer of ecofoam, which reduces the life of the block, the fire hazard of the materials used, and the low strength of the building block.

Utility Model Disclosure

This utility model is aimed at solving the technical problem of simplifying the construction of a building block and its manufacturing technology, increasing the strength and decorative appearance of masonry, as well as reducing the cost of construction.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to increase the strength of the block, simplify the construction of the building block and the method of its manufacture, increase environmental safety, heat and sound insulating characteristics.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a three-layer building block, consisting of three layers of rectangular cross-section and a reinforcing cage, according to a utility model, the outer supporting layer "A" is made of high-strength concrete, the internal heat-insulating layer "B" is made of Teplor foam plastic, and the outer decorative layer "C" is made of expanded clay mixture; the layers are reinforced and fastened together by a steel frame made of reinforcement A3 with a diameter of 10 mm (according to GOST 5781-82) and consisting of two parts. The multilayer building block is made in such a way that the thickness of the outer decorative layer can be 20-30 mm, the thickness of the inner heat-insulating layer can be 150-200 mm, the thickness of the carrier layer can be 200-250 mm.

Utility Model Implementation

The outer bearing layer "A" is made of high-strength concrete mixture with the following properties: strength and hydrophobicity. In a specific embodiment, the mixture for the carrier layer contains Portland cement, sand, gravel, additive and water in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Portland cement - 23.6-26.9; sand - 23.7-25.2; crushed stone - 36.8-38.4; Sol Fe (OH) ₃ with a density ρ = 1.02 g / cm ³ - 0.7-0.76; water - 11.9-12.04. The above-described layer gives the block the necessary strength and water-repellent properties.

The inner layer "B" is a heat and sound insulating material - foamed plastic "Teplor" with a density of 30-70 kg / m ³ . The thickness of the “B” layer is determined by the project documentation and is calculated depending on the region of construction and other factors that determine the need for heat and sound insulation.

The outer layer “C” (decorative layer of the block) is made of expanded clay concrete mixture with the following properties: strength and low thermal conductivity. In a specific embodiment, the mixture for the decorative layer contains wt.%: Portland cement - 31-40; expanded clay gravel fractions of 0.1-5.5 mm with a bulk density of 450-550 kg / m ³ - 50-60; polyvinyl acetate adhesive - 0.6-1. The above-described layer gives the block strength, and the closed porous layers created by them redistribute heat fluxes in the block, which improves the thermal conductivity of the said block.

The claimed block is produced by hardening solutions in a metal form that performs the function of a removable formwork. The production of the building block is as follows. One of the parts of the reinforcing carcass is placed in the metal mold, a solution of the carrier layer is poured and vibro-compaction is carried out, followed by solidification within 14 days. Through the reinforcing elements located from layer “A”, a layer of “Teplor” heat and sound insulating material is laid, after which a bunch of the first and second parts of the reinforcing frame is made. Next, a solution of the decorative layer is poured and vibro-compaction is carried out, followed by solidification of the solution within 14 days.

The above block does not emit harmful substances into the environment, has a relatively simple design, technologically advanced in manufacture and assembly, has strength, and also good heat and sound insulating properties.

Claims (1)

A three-layer building block, consisting of three layers of a rectangular cross-section and a reinforcing cage, characterized in that the outer supporting layer “A” is made of high-strength concrete, the inner heat-insulating layer “B” is made of Teplor foam plastic and the outer decorative layer “C” is made from expanded clay mixture; the layers are reinforced and fastened together by a steel frame made of reinforcement A3 with a diameter of 10 mm and consisting of two parts, the layer thickness being: “A” - 200-250 mm, “B” - 150-200 mm, “C” - 20 -30 mm.