RU110642U1 - INSTALLATION FOR DISINFECTION, DISINFECTION AND CLEANING OF AIR OF THE IRRADIATOR-RECIRCULATOR OF THE UV WITH AN ELECTRONIC CONTROL DEVICE (EPRA) AND ANTI-SMRICROBROMIT - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. Installation for disinfection, disinfection and air purification of the irradiator-recirculator, comprising a housing with windows for air inlet and outlet and placed inside it successively one after another in the direction of air flow, a filter, a screening blinds system, an irradiation chamber with a longitudinally located ultraviolet source radiation and a ventilation device equipped with a control unit with a ballast, characterized in that the filter is made with a bactericidal coating, the irradiation chamber is made with a light-reflecting coating of the inner surface and a source of hard ultraviolet radiation in the form of two to eight ultraviolet lamps with a wavelength of 100-320 nm, an additional chamber is formed behind the irradiation chamber with at least one antimicrobial photocatalytic filter from two carriers in the form of plates porous material coated with a photocatalyst and a source of soft ultraviolet radiation in the form of one to three ultraviolet lamps with a wavelength of 320-400 nm between them, located transversely air flow, and the ventilation device includes from one to three fans, while the control unit is made with an electronic ballast and for ignition, ensuring the operating mode and protection against emergency operation of ultraviolet lamps, it is equipped with a time counter spent by ultraviolet lamps, supplying fans and their operation in three modes: night, working, turbo mode, a control panel with on-off buttons, a choice of fan operation modes and an indicator panel. ! 2. Set

Description

The utility model relates to medical and household appliances, namely to devices for disinfection, disinfection and air purification using ultraviolet radiation, and can find its application in medical, administrative, public, school and preschool institutions, where highly effective disinfection, disinfection is required and air purification in the presence of people.

Known devices for air disinfection, containing a housing with inlet and outlet windows, in which a fan and a source of ultraviolet radiation are installed, which use bactericidal, gas-discharge mercury-quartz lamps of low pressure (see AS 810243, A61L 9/00, 1981; A.S. 1210839, A61L 9/20, 1986; A.S. 1351607, A61L 9/20, 1987; Patent RU 2080285, С01В 13/11, 1997; Japanese application 1-226.701, СВВ 13/10, 1989, RU 2021821, A61L 9/20, 1994).

The disadvantage of these devices is the insufficient quality of air purification and the possibility of ozone formation, which implies the absence of people in the treated room.

A device for disinfecting air is known, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet windows, in which a fan and a filter are installed, and an irradiation chamber with an ultraviolet radiation source is formed from one or more longitudinally installed ozone-free lamps, equipped with shielding elements at the inlet and outlet (patent RU 2153886, A61L 9/20, 2000).

The disadvantage of this device is the uneven treatment of the circulating air in the chamber irradiation with a bactericidal radiation stream, insufficient processing efficiency, high energy consumption, low working life.

A device for disinfecting air is known, comprising a casing with windows for air inlet and outlet and with a filter located inside it in the direction of air flow successively one after another, a system of labyrinth screens, an irradiation chamber with ultraviolet radiation sources longitudinally placed in it, and a fan (RU patent 2306150, A61L 9/20, 2007).

This device is not without drawbacks, which include insufficient air treatment efficiency and cleaning speed, limited functionality, low working life.

A device for disinfecting air is known, comprising a casing with windows for air inlet and outlet and with a filter located inside it in the air flow direction, successively one after another, a system of labyrinth screens, an irradiation chamber with ultraviolet radiation sources longitudinally placed in it, and a fan, and is equipped with control unit with ballast (patent RU 2416432, A61L 9/20, 2011). Taken as a prototype.

The disadvantages are the lack of efficiency and functionality of the air purifier in the presence of people, which reduces the efficiency of air treatment, the speed of cleaning and working life.

It is also known that according to the regulatory documents in force in the Russian Federation approved by the Chief Sanitary Doctor G. Onishchenko, all manufactured devices for air disinfection with ultraviolet bactericidal lamps have various disadvantages. These disadvantages are due to the following features:

- Bactericidal efficacy depends on the type of microorganism. Microorganisms belong to cumulative photobiological receivers, therefore, the result of the interaction of ultraviolet bactericidal radiation and the microorganism depends on its type and bactericidal dose (for example, the bactericidal dose (exposure) necessary to ensure the inactivation efficiency of 95% S.Aureus - \ 61 J / m ', and for Aspergillus niger (black) - 6760 J / m ', i.e. 40 times more).

- Viruses and bacteria in a vegetative form (sticks, cocci) are more sensitive to the effects of ultraviolet radiation. Fungi and simple microorganisms are less sensitive.

- When assessing the bactericidal efficacy of ultraviolet radiation in the air of a room or surface, S. Aureus (Staphylococcus aureus) is taken as a sanitary-indicative microorganism.

- Bactericidal efficacy for pathogenic microflora should be at least 70%.

- A significant reduction in radiation dose can stimulate the growth of microorganisms.

- Bactericidal efficacy depends on the radiation wavelength and bactericidal flux.

In real conditions, the decrease in the efficiency of inactivation of microorganisms and viruses during operation occurs due to a number of factors affecting the operation parameters of bactericidal lamps. These include, first of all:

- voltage fluctuations;

- fluctuations in ambient temperature;

- reduction of the bactericidal flux of lamps during the service life to 30% of the nominal;

- the effect of relative humidity and dustiness of the indoor air: with a relative humidity of more than 80%, the bactericidal effect of ultraviolet radiation drops by 30% due to the screening effect of microorganisms; the dust content of the lamp bulb and reflector of the irradiator reduces the value of the bactericidal flow to 10% or more.

Thus, the disadvantages of this device can also be attributed to the fact that it uses an electromagnetic ballasts (ballasts) to power an ultraviolet lamp. So, when the voltage fluctuates, the flicker (stroboscopic effect) of the ultraviolet lamp occurs, which extremely negatively affects the irradiation processes, since the irradiation efficiency is directly related to the power and efficiency (light output) of the lamp. When the output voltage fluctuations out of the range of 198-242 V, the electromagnetic ballast used to power the ultraviolet lamp fails, which leads to a device failure. With a “false start”, the lamp flashes and blinks for a certain period of time from the moment of ignition, which causes the starter to re-operate. When the starter is switched on again, the lamp head overheats and quickly fails, dramatically reducing the life of the ultraviolet lamp. In addition, when heating an electromagnetic ballast as a result of losses at its relatively high resistive resistance, energy costs increase.

The task to be solved in this proposal is to increase the efficiency and functionality of an air purifier in the presence of people by creating an ultraviolet air irradiator-recirculator with an electronic ballast (EPRA) and an antimicrobial photocatalytic filter, the technical characteristics of which are brought to modern requirements.

As a result of solving this problem, an installation was created for disinfection, disinfection and air purification of an ultraviolet irradiator-recirculator with an electronic ballast (EPRA) and an antimicrobial photocatalytic filter, the technical characteristics of which meet modern requirements. The technical result obtained is to increase the efficiency and functionality of the installation for disinfection, disinfection and air purification in the presence of people, namely: a significant increase in the bactericidal efficiency of the installation, increasing the degree of bactericidal air purification and the speed of the processing process; increasing bactericidal flow to the required standards; increasing the operating time of ultraviolet lamps, the lifetime of the photocatalytic filter and the life of the installation itself; reduction of power consumption by at least 35%, which ensures a reduction in energy consumption; a three-fold increase in photooxidation processes, which leads to a significant acceleration of air disinfection processes; destruction of certain types of volatile chemical pollution and its purification from molecular, chemical and biological pollutants; implementation of protection against emergency operation; improving the efficiency and functionality of quality control of the air treatment process; increase of guaranteed operation in conditions of 90-95% humidity.

The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that in the installation for disinfection, disinfection and air purification of the irradiator-recirculator, comprising a housing with windows for air inlet and outlet and placed inside it sequentially one after another in the direction of air flow, a filter, a shielding system of blinds, an irradiation chamber with, longitudinally located in it, a source of ultraviolet radiation and a ventilation device equipped with a control unit with a ballast, the feature is that the filter flax with a bactericidal coating, the irradiation chamber is made with a light-reflecting coating of the inner surface and a source of hard ultraviolet radiation in the form of two to eight ultraviolet lamps with a wavelength of 100-320 nm, an additional chamber with at least one antimicrobial photocatalytic chamber is additionally formed behind the irradiation chamber a filter of two carriers in the form of plates of a porous material with a photocatalyst deposited on them and a source of soft ultraviolet radiation in the form of one to three ultraviolet lamps with a wavelength of 320-400 nm between them, located transversely to the air flow, and the ventilation device includes one to three fans, while the control unit is made with an electronic ballast and for ignition, ensuring the operating mode and protection against emergency operation of ultraviolet lamps, it is equipped with the time counter worked out by ultraviolet lamps, powering the fans and operating them in three modes: night, working, turbo mode, a control panel with on-off buttons, a choice of modes mov of the fans and the display panel. Preferably, the housing is made of ABS plastic. The housing at the inlet and outlet, it is advisable to provide removable grilles. It is advisable to use a dust filter of at least F4-F5 class as a filter medium. The carrier plate may be made of ceramic foam, or porous aluminum, or porous sintepon. It is preferable to apply titanium dioxide or platinum titanium dioxide as a photocatalyst on the carrier plate. The peculiarity is that the installation can be additionally equipped with a remote control system with a remote control, the buttons of which are similar to the buttons of the control panel.

The specified set of essential features allows to obtain a technical result.

The use of an electronic ballast (ECG) in the control unit allows you to: eliminate the flickering of an ultraviolet lamp (stroboscopic effect), which positively affects the irradiation processes, increase the power and efficiency (light output) of an ultraviolet lamp; expand the range of fluctuations in the input voltage, ensuring the operation of the ultraviolet lamp and the device as a whole when the output voltage fluctuations outside the range of 198-242 V eliminate the “false start” of the ultraviolet lamp, which increases its service life and thereby increases the life of the installation itself; reduce energy costs (power consumption), since due to the exclusion of losses at the relatively high resistive resistance that occurred when using an electromagnetic ballast, the power consumption is reduced by at least 35%; implement protection against emergency operation; in the antimicrobial filter, the processes of photooxidation of organic and some inorganic molecules and pathogenic microorganisms increase by 3 times, thereby significantly accelerating the processes of air disinfection. Ensuring the operation of the installation in recirculation mode allows you to get a resource-saving effect and reduce energy consumption.

The implementation of the irradiation chamber with an inner surface that reflects light, increases the degree of damage to microorganisms during the treatment with ultraviolet radiation, allows it to be used more effectively for irradiation of microorganisms, increases the possibility of contact of radiation with microorganisms passing through the irradiation chamber. When using ultraviolet lamps forming radiation with a wavelength of 100-320 nm in the irradiation chamber, cumulative destruction of microorganisms occurs.

When the antimicrobial photocatalytic filter is used in the installation, the bactericidal efficiency of the installation itself is significantly increased, since the organic component of cells, bacteria and viruses is guaranteed to be destroyed, that is, the microorganisms that are most resistant to ultraviolet radiation are neutralized; certain types of volatile chemical pollution are destroyed. Using photocatalytic purification, various volatile impurities of molecular origin can be cleaned. The use of these photocatalysts also allows the decomposition of gaseous air pollutants of domestic and industrial origin (exhaust gases, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, formaldehydes, phenol, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, chlorine and acid hydrocarbons, aromatic and heterocyclic carcinogens) to carbon dioxide, water vapor, and also remove tobacco and food odors. In addition, unlike devices with hard ultraviolet radiation, a device with an antimicrobial photocatalytic filter is guaranteed to work in conditions of 90-95% humidity. The location of the porous carrier plates and the source of soft ultraviolet radiation of the antimicrobial photocatalytic filter transverse to the air flow allows you to increase the area of photocatalytic mineralization and inactivation. Porous carriers allow the nanoscale particles of the photocatalyst to be firmly fixed on them. Also, the antimicrobial photocatalytic filter serves as the second system of shielding blinds.

Using a filter of at least F4-F5 class allows maximum removal of dust particles from the air stream, which increases the efficiency of radiation exposure to microorganisms. The implementation of the filter with a bactericidal coating increases the value of the bactericidal flow to the required standards. In addition, the bactericidal coating increases the service life of the filter.

Blinds prevent ultraviolet radiation from entering the room through windows, which allows people to be indoors during air disinfection. Also, the blinds evenly distribute the air flow over the cross section and the length of the irradiation chamber and this ensures the uniformity of its treatment with ultraviolet radiation, which increases the efficiency of disinfection.

The location of the fans downstream of the irradiation chamber and the chamber with the antimicrobial photocatalytic filter creates an air flow with a turbulent nature, which ensures that all microorganisms are exposed to ultraviolet radiation, that is, the efficiency of air treatment is increased.

The implementation of the housing from ABS plastic provides it with shockproof properties, increases its service life.

Removable grilles improve technical specifications, bringing them in line with current sanitary standards.

The complementary arrangement of the elements of the device provides a complex removal of large amounts of contaminants per unit time.

Using a remote control system with a remote control, the buttons of which are similar to the buttons on the control panel, increases the efficiency and quality of control over the operation of the installation.

Thus, the efficiency and functionality of the installation for disinfection, disinfection and air purification in the presence of people are increased.

Figure 1 presents a sectional view of one of the versions of the installation casing with elements placed in it, general view.

Installation for disinfection, disinfection and air purification of the irradiator-recirculator contains a housing 1 with windows 2, 3 for air inlet and outlet, respectively, and is equipped with a control unit (not shown) with an electronic ballast (ECG) (not shown). The housing 1 at the inlet and outlet is predominantly equipped with removable grilles 4 and is preferably made of ABS plastic. Inside the housing 1, a filter 5, a shielding shutter system 6, an irradiation chamber 7 with a longitudinally located inside of it, a source of hard ultraviolet radiation in the form of ultraviolet lamps 8 with a wavelength of 100-320 nm (the minimum number of lamps 8 is equal to two, and their number can vary, for example, from 2 to 8 pieces), a chamber 9 with at least one antimicrobial photocatalytic filter (not specified), and a ventilation device including one to three fans 10. Ф Filter 5 (for example, a dust filter of at least F4-F5 class) is made with a bactericidal coating (not shown). Any known bactericidal coating effective against microorganisms may be used. The chamber 7 is made with a light reflecting coating (not specified) on the inner surface of known materials reflecting ultraviolet radiation of 100-320 nm (for example, based on aluminum, barium oxide and magnesium). The antimicrobial photocatalytic filter is made of two carriers in the form of plates 11 of a porous material with a photocatalyst deposited on them and a source of soft ultraviolet radiation in the form of an ultraviolet lamp 12 with a wavelength of 320-400 nm (their number can vary from 1 to 3 pieces) between them, located transversely to an air stream. The plates 11 can be made of ceramic foam, or porous aluminum, or porous sintepon. As a photocatalyst, titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ) or platinum titanium dioxide (Pt / TiO ₂ ) is applied to plates 11. At the same time, the antimicrobial photocatalytic filter also plays the role of a second system of shielding blinds. The control unit with an electronic ballast (ECG) for ignition, ensuring the operating mode and protection against emergency operation of ultraviolet lamps 8, 12 (idling, short circuit, rectifying effect in lamps 8, 12) is equipped with a counter (not shown) of time worked lamps 8, 12, power supply of fans 10 and their operation in three modes: night, working, turbo mode, control panel (not shown) with buttons (not shown) “on-off”, selection of fan operation modes and indicator panel (not display but). The installation is mainly equipped with a remote control system with a remote control (not shown), the buttons of which are similar to the buttons on the control panel.

The unit operates in recirculator mode.

Through the inlet window 2 and the removable grill 4, air passes a filter 5 with bactericidal impregnation, a screening blinds system 6 and enters the irradiation chamber 7 with ultraviolet lamps 8. The chamber 7 provides for disinfection, disinfection and air purification using irradiation technology. Ultraviolet lamps 8 are located parallel to the movement of the air flow, generate radiation with a wavelength of 100-320 nm and affect this stream within their length. In this case, the cumulative destruction of microorganisms occurs. The light-reflecting coating of the inner surface of the chamber 7 increases the degree of damage to microorganisms during the treatment with ultraviolet radiation, allows it to be used more effectively for irradiation of microorganisms, increases the possibility of contact of radiation with microorganisms passing through the radiation chamber. Then, the air stream enters the chamber 9, which provides disinfection, disinfection and purification of air using photocatalytic oxidation technology (antimicrobial filter). In general terms, the mechanism of action of the photocatalyst is as follows. When light is absorbed with a wavelength of less than 400 nm, conduction electrons and holes are formed in the photocatalyst, which then react with water, atmospheric oxygen, and organic substances on the surface. As a result of successive destruction and oxidation reactions, organic substances turn into products of their deep oxidation - carbon dioxide, water and inorganic acids. Microbiological objects (bacteria, viruses, fungi) contain complex organic substances that are absolutely necessary for their life. In the case of photocatalytic oxidation on the surface of TiO ₂ , microbiological objects are destroyed with a loss of morbidity (inactivation) and, after prolonged contact, their complete mineralization occurs. The inactivation and mineralization of a number of bacteria and viruses on the surface of TiO ₂ and, at a higher rate on Pt / TiO ₂ , was demonstrated by the staff of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the State Scientific Center of the Scientific and Research Center “Vector” (Environ. Sci. Techno /. 2010. v.44. No 13, pp. 5121-5126).

Studies were carried out by sedimentation against bacteria Mycobacterium smegmatis. Bacillus thuringiensis and vaccinia virus, influenza A (H3N2). In the first case, titanium dioxide TiO ₂ was deposited on the plates; in the second case, platinum titanium dioxide Pt / TiO ₂ . In both cases, the inactivation dynamics was measured under ultraviolet irradiation with a range of A 320–400 nm. When the plates with TiO _{2 were} irradiated for 30 minutes, the inactivation reached 90%, and when the surface of the plates with Pt / TiO _{2 was} irradiated for 30 minutes, the inactivation reached 99.8%. Thus, the rate of the photooxidation process using platinum titanium dioxide Pt / TiO ₂ is 11% higher than the rate of the photooxidation process using titanium dioxide TiO ₂ . The results of the study showed that a photocatalytic unit (atimicrobial filter) with TiO ₂ and Pt / TiO ₂ is able to completely inactivate these viruses and bacteria. Based on tests conducted by the Federal State Institution of Science State Vector Center for Virology and Biotechnology Vektor of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being on the vaccinia and influenza A (H3N2) viruses, it can be concluded that the photocatalytic unit located in the device, performs the function of an antimicrobial filter.

However, using an antimicrobial filter (photocatalytic purification), various volatile impurities of molecular origin can be cleaned. According to the Institute of Catalysis. G.K.Boreskov of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the following substances are guaranteed to undergo photocatalytic oxidation and mineralization: hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, n-butane, n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, ethylene, 1.3-butadiene, propylene), alcohols (butanol-1, ethanol, isopropanol, methanol), other oxygen-containing organic compounds (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, acetic acid), aromatic compounds (benzene, toluene, xylene), chlorine-containing organic compounds (tetrachlorethylene), inorganic compounds (carbon monoxide, approx ides of nitrogen, ammonia).

The movement of air in the device is carried out using fans 10. Passing through the outlet window 3 and the removable grill 4 disinfected and cleaned air comes out.

The control unit with an electronic ballast (ECG) is one of the most important elements in the operation of the installation. With its help, the operation of ultraviolet lamps 8, 12 located in the chambers 7, 9 and fans 10 is controlled. For ignition, ensuring the operating mode and protection against emergency operation of ultraviolet lamps 8, 12 (idling, short circuit and rectifying effect in them) the control unit is equipped with a counter for the hours worked by ultraviolet lamps, powering the fans and operating them in three modes: night, working, turbo mode, a control panel with on / off buttons, a choice of valve operating modes tori and indicator panel. To increase control efficiency, a remote control system with a remote control is included in the installation, the buttons of which are similar to the buttons on the control panel. Electronic ballasts can be used both in existing devices and in newly developed ones.

Thus, in contrast to the prototype, the proposed air treatment plant implements a combination of two technologies: irradiation and photocatalytic oxidation (antimicrobial filter). A complex air purification method is being implemented, which includes air purification from large and small contaminants, absorption of various odors; bactericidal irradiation of air to remove various microorganisms; photocatalytic decomposition of gaseous pollutants of domestic and industrial origin.

The inventive irradiator-recirculator with an electronic ballast and antimicrobial photocatalytic filter has several advantages:

- when using a dust filter of at least F4-F5 class with a bactericidal coating, the value of the bactericidal flow increases to the required standards;

- when using a control unit with an electronic ballast (ECG), the lamp operating time and the life of the installation itself increase, the power consumption decreases by at least 35%. In the antimicrobial filter, the processes of photooxidation increase by 3 times, thereby significantly accelerating the processes of air disinfection. It also provides protection against emergency operation;

- when using the antimicrobial photocatalytic filter in the installation, the bactericidal efficiency of the installation itself is significantly increased, since the organic component of cells, bacteria and viruses is destroyed, i.e. the microorganisms that are most resistant to ultraviolet radiation are neutralized, and certain types of volatile chemical pollution are destroyed;

- unlike devices with hard ultraviolet radiation, a device with an antimicrobial photocatalytic filter is guaranteed to work in conditions of 90-95% humidity.

All parts and assemblies can be manufactured in industrial production using known equipment. The inventive solution provides effective air disinfection and processing safety. Increases the efficiency, convenience and quality of process control. Effective disinfection and processing safety are provided. Highly effective resource-saving complex cleaning of polluted air from fine dust, bacterial aerosol, microorganisms, “protein mass” (inactivated microorganisms), toxic gaseous impurities and odors reduces the risk of biological hazard and infection by infectious diseases and maintains an appropriate level of sanitary-epidemiological and environmental well-being in the treated room . The installation has high technical characteristics, increased reliability and safety of operation in the presence of people, which allows us to recommend it for effective use in all vital areas of society.

Claims (10)

1. Installation for disinfection, disinfection and air purification of the irradiator-recirculator, comprising a housing with windows for air inlet and outlet and placed inside it successively one after another in the direction of air flow, a filter, a screening blinds system, an irradiation chamber with a longitudinally located ultraviolet source radiation and a ventilation device equipped with a control unit with a ballast, characterized in that the filter is made with a bactericidal coating, the irradiation chamber is made with a light-reflecting coating of the inner surface and a source of hard ultraviolet radiation in the form of two to eight ultraviolet lamps with a wavelength of 100-320 nm, an additional chamber is formed behind the irradiation chamber with at least one antimicrobial photocatalytic filter from two carriers in the form of plates porous material coated with a photocatalyst and a source of soft ultraviolet radiation in the form of one to three ultraviolet lamps with a wavelength of 320-400 nm between them, located transversely air flow, and the ventilation device includes from one to three fans, while the control unit is made with an electronic ballast and for ignition, ensuring the operating mode and protection against emergency operation of ultraviolet lamps, it is equipped with a time counter spent by ultraviolet lamps, supplying fans and their operation in three modes: night, working, turbo mode, a control panel with on-off buttons, a choice of fan operation modes and an indicator panel. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is made of ABS plastic. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing at the inlet and outlet is equipped with removable grilles. 4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that a dust filter of at least F4-F5 class is used. 5. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier plate is made of ceramic foam. 6. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier plate is made of porous aluminum. 7. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier plate is made of porous sintepon. 8. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that as a photocatalyst titanium dioxide is deposited on the carrier plate. 9. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that as a photocatalyst, platinum titanium dioxide is deposited on a carrier plate. 10. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a remote control system with a remote control, the buttons of which are similar to the buttons of the control panel.