PT1638770E - Processo e dispositivo para produção de folhas de plástico em sanduíche - Google Patents
Processo e dispositivo para produção de folhas de plástico em sanduíche Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PT1638770E PT1638770E PT05726209T PT05726209T PT1638770E PT 1638770 E PT1638770 E PT 1638770E PT 05726209 T PT05726209 T PT 05726209T PT 05726209 T PT05726209 T PT 05726209T PT 1638770 E PT1638770 E PT 1638770E
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- PT
- Portugal
- Prior art keywords
- film
- films
- temperature
- calibration
- recited
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/12—Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/13—Articles with a cross-section varying in the longitudinal direction, e.g. corrugated pipes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/911—Cooling
- B29C48/9135—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means
- B29C48/914—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means cooling drums
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
- B29C66/024—Thermal pre-treatments
- B29C66/0242—Heating, or preheating, e.g. drying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
- B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
- B29C66/438—Joining sheets for making hollow-walled, channelled structures or multi-tubular articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
- B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
- B29C66/83413—Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
- B29C2791/001—Shaping in several steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/22—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length
- B29C43/24—Calendering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0017—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with blow-moulding or thermoforming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
- B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
- B29C48/906—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article using roller calibration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/911—Cooling
- B29C48/9135—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means
- B29C48/915—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means with means for improving the adhesion to the supporting means
- B29C48/9155—Pressure rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/14—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/18—Thermoforming apparatus
- B29C51/20—Thermoforming apparatus having movable moulds or mould parts
- B29C51/22—Thermoforming apparatus having movable moulds or mould parts rotatable about an axis
- B29C51/225—Thermoforming apparatus having movable moulds or mould parts rotatable about an axis mounted on a vacuum drum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/022—Particular heating or welding methods not otherwise provided for
- B29C65/028—Particular heating or welding methods not otherwise provided for making use of inherent heat, i.e. the heat for the joining comes from the moulding process of one of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
- B29C66/024—Thermal pre-treatments
- B29C66/0244—Cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
- B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
- B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
- B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
- B29C66/53462—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies joining substantially flat covers and substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/725—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs
- B29C66/7252—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs hollow-walled
- B29C66/72525—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs hollow-walled comprising honeycomb cores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
- B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2096/00—Use of specified macromolecular materials not provided for in a single one of main groups B29K2001/00 - B29K2095/00, as moulding material
- B29K2096/04—Block polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0089—Impact strength or toughness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/60—Multitubular or multicompartmented articles, e.g. honeycomb
- B29L2031/608—Honeycomb structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7138—Shock absorbing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
- Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
- Y10T156/1007—Running or continuous length work
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
- Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
- Y10T156/1025—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina to form undulated to corrugated sheet and securing to base with parts of shaped areas out of contact
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
- Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
Description
Descrição
E DISPOSITIVO PM» PRODUÇÃO DE FOLHAS DE PLÁSTICO m samóiíicisf C presente invento encontra-se relacionado cor, um processo e dispositivo para produção de uma folha de plástico, mais especificamente de polipropileno, em bolhas (blister).
Uma folha de plástico em bolhas é uma folha constituída por bolhas de polipropileno cujo peso base, ou seja, peso por metro quadrado, pode variar entre os 300 e os 3.000 g/m2, aproximadamente. Este produto possuí características especificas, tais como rigidez e dureza consideráveis, embora possua uma resiliência (isto é, resistência à quebra) apreciável. Possui ainda um factor de preenchimento, ou seja, um rácio entre o volume de material plástico e o volume total ocupado pelo produto, de 311 a 50%.
Graças a esta estrutura especifica de Solhas, a folha um rloio resistência/peso específico pa.rtí/ççlurment:® interessante; esta característica nççmvi. esP6cial interesse e importância na indústria da embalagem, em que existe cma tendência para a redução progressiva do peso dc produto de embalagem, sendo assim tiiea/nado: c do material de embalagem excessivo.
As tecnologias actuais descrevem e utilizam folhas de plástico em bolhas que consistem, de forma esquematizada, na junção a quente de três películas diferentes, uma das quais (a película centrai) é termoformada. Devido a esta termoformação, a película central adquire uma estrutura característica de bolhas, o que garante um aumento considerável do momento de inércia estático a três dimensões, aumentando assim os módulos de resistência relativa. A figura 1 apresenta uma representação esquemática deste produto, de acordo com as tecnologias mais recentes, sendo ilustradas uma película superior, uma película central, termoformada, e uma película inferior. A conformação especifica da película central confere ao produto final as respectivas propriedades mecânicas (rigidez, resistência à carga, etc.) e características funcionais (leveza, isaldãfeill.dsd-a, etc.), que, durante os anos mais recentes, conduziram à utilização da folha de plástico em bolhas, tal esmo indicado na tidlda i, e 3 produtos análogos em varias apiicãçoes, con excelentes resultados. lio: entanto, a produção da folha plástica bolhas acima descrita apresenta vários inconvenientes. Os processos actualmente utilizados na produção de folhas de plástico em boinas são, efectivamente, extremamente complexos, com custos elevados e não muito compatíveis com as exigências industriais actuais.
Existem essencialmente dois processos actualmente utilizados na produção de folhas de plástico em bolhas, constituídas por três películas diferentes, incluindo uma película central termoformada; estes dois processos apresentam uma diferença básica: no primeiro caso, o processo de produção é um processo de produção por lotes, isto é, descontínuo, enquanto que, no segundo caso, o processo de produção é contínuo. Contudo, este segundo processo não conduz a obtenção de um prodcto final de qualidade apropriada, uma vez que a folha de plástico em bolhas obtida não possui algumas das característícas específicas que conferem a este produto a sua versatilidade, 0 primeiro processo, de acordo com as tecnologias mais recentes, sendo um processo de produção por lotes, mí ti tose a partir de três películas, com estrutura interna idêntica (geralmente de camada única, ou seja, constituídos per único material], enroladas em bobinas. Assim, este processo utiliza ater rias-primas previamente produzidas numa unidade industrial diferente. A película que forma a camada central é então desenrolada, aquecida e termoformada por um rolo específico de formação, através de acção mecânica ou criação de vácuo, enquanto que as duas películas a ser acopladas superior e inferiormente a película central, são desenroladas e aquecidas a uma temperatura superior a temperatura de amaciamerito do material (temperatura de amolecimento "Vicat"), aderindo subsequentemente a película termoformada pela acção mecânica de dois rolos de compressão. 0 produto assim obtido ê ursa folha de plástico em bolhas 1 hanta- a representada na Figura i.
Este processo apresenta vários problemas e inconvenientes. Em primeiro lugar, são necessárias diversas passagens para a obtenção da folha de plástico em bolhas: o processo incluí uma primeira passagem de extrusão das três películas planas, com consumo consequente de energia térmica/eléctrica, seguida do respectivo arrefecimento (que envolve consumo adicional de energia), armazenamento do material produzido em bobinas (de um processo contínuo com a extrusão passa-se a um processo por lotes) e um segundo aquecimento e arrefecimento das três películas para termoformação e acoplamento, o que implica um considerável acréscimo de tempo e custos. Este consumo energético do processo é, evidentemente, muito pouco conveniente.
Além disso, para satisfazer as exigências dos clientes, em termos de pesos base (ou seja, espessura), cor, etc., que dependem das características requeridas para a folha de plástico em bolhas, é necessário possuir um armazém com um amplo fornecimento de bobinas de película, ou seja, um armazém extremamente oneroso, do ponto de vista logístico e económico. A necessidade de adquirir e manter um armazém táo amplo de pesos base e tipos de película implico também um aumento nos custos de transporte. Este processo e também pouco conveniente devido à grande quantidade de material excedentário produzido em cada operação de mudança de bobina, das películas individuais (isto é, cada vez que recomeça o processo de lote), e com o ccrte das extremidades do produto final, necessário cie modo a garantir que a folha de plástico em ροΰόίΟ satisfaça 6 alguns requisitos estéticos, para além dos requisitos fisico-mecânicos. 0 segundo processo utilizado, de acordo com as tecnologias mais recentes, é um processo continuo essencialmente baseado na tecnologia de moldagem, ou seja, inclui a extrusão de uma película de plástico plana, arrefecida por um cilindro mantido a baixa temperatura através da circulação de água ou outro liquido de arrefecimento.
No entanto, a qualidade das folhas de plástico em bolhas obtida através do segundo processo não e adequada, quer em termos das características mecânicas, quer do aspecto exterior do produto. Como e óbvio, esta fraca qualidade do produto final também restringe as possibilidades de utilização do mesmo em determinadas aplicações.
Lisboa de Julho de 2007
Claims (20)
- Re ivindi cações 1. Processo contínuo de produção de uma fcit-a de em bolhas (blister) , que inclui cs seguintes passos: a) extrusão de uras película inferior, uma pblíbíib central e uma película superior, a partir dos granulados correspondentes; b} termoformação da película central, após a qual esta se encontra completamente cristalizada, embora ainda relativamente quente; c) calibragem e arrefecimento parcial das películas inferior e superior após os quais as películas inferior e superior se encontram completamente cristalizadas , embora ainda relativamente quentes; aquecimento de pelo menos um lado das películas inferior e superior e acoplamento destas duas películas com a película termoformada.
- 2. Processo, tal corno descrito na reivindicação 1, em que cada um dos componentes da película consiste numa estrutura mulci-cumada com um mínimo de três camadas.
- 3. Processo, tal como descrito na reivindicação 1, em que cada um dos componentes da pel.loula consiste numa estrutura multi-camada produzida ma co-extrusão, com três camadas, em que a estrutura em três camadas co-extrudida consiste numa camada interna de um homopolímero de polipropiieno e duas camadas externas de copolímero de polipropiieno.
- 4. Processo, tal como descrito na reivindicação 3, em que a estrutura multi-camada co-extrudida possui uma estrutura ABA, consistindo numa camada interna de um homopolímero de polipropiieno (B) e duas camadas externas de copolímero de polipropiieno (A).
- 5. Processo, tal como descrito nas reivindicações anteriores, em que o copolímero de polipropiieno é um copolímero aleatório ou em bloco, constituído por unidades repetidas de piopileno e etileno e/ou monómeros de buteno.
- 6. Processo, tal como descrito na reivindicação 1, que, na passagem de termcformação b) , a película central é mantida a uma temperatura próxima da temperatura de Vlíxíst,
- 7. Processo, tai como descrito na reivindicação L, em que, na passagem de termoformação b) , a película central é mantida a uma temperatura entre a temperatura de Vicat e uma temperatura 5°C mais baixa do que esta última.
- 8. Processo, tal como descrito no reivindicação 1,¾¾ que a fase de calibragem e arrefecimento parcial c) das películas inferior e superior envolve a respectiva calibragem a espessuras entre os 100 e os 1.000 pra, aproximadamente.
- 9. Processo, tal como descrito na reivindicação 1, em que, na fase de calibragem e arreiecimento parcial c; , as películas inferior e superior são arrefecidas a uma temperatura entre a temperatura de Vicat e uma temperatura próxima desta última.
- 10. Processo, tal como descrito na reivindicação 1, em que, na fase de calibragem e arrefecimento parcial c), as películas inferior e superior são arrefecidas a uma temperatura entre a temperatura de Vicat e uma temperatura 5°C mais baixa do que esta última.
- 11. Processo, tal somo descrito na reivindicação 1, em que o acoplamento das películas superior e inferior 00¾¾ 0 película centrai termoformada é simultâneo. 4
- 12. Processo, tal como descrito na reivindicação i, em que as películas inferior e superior chegam à fase de acoplamento com. a película central termoformada com «rj percurso de alimentação de comprimento sensivelmente igual.
- 13. Dispositivo para pr&á&sfó de uma folha ae plástico em bolhas, de acordo com as reivindicações anteriores 1-12, que inclui um mínimo de três cabeças de extrusão, que formam o grupo de extrusão, seguidas de um grupo de termoformação e calibragem, grupos de arrefecimento e cilindros de pós-aquecimento, em que este grupo de termoformação e calibragem, assim como os grupos de arrefecimento e cilindros de pós-aquecimento se encontram ligados a um grupo de acoplamento.
- 14. Dispositivo, tal como descrito na reivindicação 13, em que o grupo de calibragem e arrefecimento das películas superior e inferior funciona através de calandras (2) .
- 15. Dispositivo, tal como descrito na reivindicação 14, em que a distância entre as calandras de moldagem (2j é 5
- 16. Dispositivo, tal como descrito na reivindicação 13, em que o grupo de termoformação inclui um cilindro de formação (3) arrefecido, com sucção interna.
- 17. Dispositivo, tíil como descrito na ttiçitdicççit 13, incluindo cilindros de pós-aquecimento (5) antes do grupo de acoplamento.
- 18. 01 rpó-.vd t i cç, tal como descrito na reivindicação i?, em que o grupo de acoplamento possui cilindros de compressão (4) .
- 19. Dispositivo, tal como descrito na reivindicação 13, em que o grupo de acoplamento é seguido de cilindros de remoção de material (8) e de um forno de endurecimento (9).
- 20. Dispositivo, tal como descrito na reivindicação 13, em que o grupo central de termoformação e os dois grupos laterais de calibragem e arrefecimento fornecem as três películas ao grupo cls acoplamento e em que os percursos de alimentação destas películas são sensivelmente iguais.
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IT000866A ITMI20040866A1 (it) | 2004-04-30 | 2004-04-30 | Procedimento ed apparto per la realizzazione di una lastra a bolle d'aria |
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FR2919222B1 (fr) | 2007-07-25 | 2009-10-16 | Ds Smith Kaysersberg Soc Par A | Feuille pour support d'impression serigraphique et numerique |
IT1392036B1 (it) * | 2008-07-21 | 2012-02-09 | Colines Spa | Pannello strutturale a bolle d aria in polipropilene e relativo procedimento di preparazione |
FR2950561B1 (fr) | 2009-09-30 | 2011-10-28 | Ds Smith Kaysersberg | Plaque en materiau thermoplastique avec proprietes optiques ameliorees procede de fabrication d'une telle plaque et son utilisation |
FR2986515B1 (fr) | 2012-02-08 | 2015-05-22 | Ds Smith Kaysersberg | Bac pliable parallelepipedique, ouvert vers le haut. |
DE202012006764U1 (de) | 2012-07-12 | 2013-10-15 | Verpa Folie Weidhausen Gmbh | Folien-Verpackungsmaterial sowie Verpackungshaube aus einem derartigen Folien-Verpackungsmaterial |
RU2502599C1 (ru) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-12-27 | Станислав Васильевич Володин | Способ изготовления пластмассовых изделий |
ITMI20132048A1 (it) * | 2013-12-09 | 2015-06-10 | Torninova S R L | Impianto con estrusore bivite per la produzione in continuo di rotoli di film plastico a bolle d'aria |
EP3157744B1 (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2021-04-28 | Imballaggi Protettivi S.r.l. | Honeycomb sandwich sheet or panel, based on thermoplastic polypropylene |
RU2599303C2 (ru) * | 2015-02-24 | 2016-10-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Ай-Пласт" | Способ производства ячеистого полотна и установка для его осуществления |
MY184682A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2021-04-16 | Colines Spa | Honeycomb sandwich sheet or panel, based on polypropylene, with a number of central thermoformed films |
CA2987149C (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2024-05-14 | Colines S.P.A. | Honeycomb sandwich sheet or panel, based on polypropylene, with a central thermoformed film |
TWI704894B (zh) * | 2017-02-21 | 2020-09-21 | 林雨萱 | 緩衝結構 |
TWI704893B (zh) * | 2017-02-21 | 2020-09-21 | 林雨萱 | 緩衝結構 |
TWI643584B (zh) * | 2017-02-21 | 2018-12-11 | 林雨萱 | 緩衝結構 |
KR102371013B1 (ko) * | 2017-09-11 | 2022-03-04 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 운송 수단용 버블 시트의 제조 방법 |
IT201900012594A1 (it) | 2019-07-22 | 2021-01-22 | Bg Plast Impianti S R L | Metodo e impianto per la realizzazione di pannelli a tre strati in materiale termoplastico |
IT201900018356A1 (it) | 2019-10-10 | 2021-04-10 | Imballaggi Protettivi S R L | Prodotto da imballaggio in materiale plastico alveolare |
FR3127431A3 (fr) | 2021-09-24 | 2023-03-31 | Corplex France Kaysersberg | Procédé de fabrication d’une plaque à structure à bulles comprenant une étape de laminage destinée à déformer la structure à bulles. |
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AU2005203500A1 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
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CA2563446A1 (en) | 2005-11-10 |
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CN100560360C (zh) | 2009-11-18 |
BRPI0510390A (pt) | 2007-11-13 |
CN1819918A (zh) | 2006-08-16 |
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SI1638770T1 (sl) | 2007-10-31 |
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EP1638770A1 (en) | 2006-03-29 |
AU2005203500B8 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
AU2005203500B2 (en) | 2009-10-15 |
ME01104B (me) | 2012-12-20 |
ITMI20040866A1 (it) | 2004-07-30 |
US8070900B2 (en) | 2011-12-06 |
CA2563446C (en) | 2013-01-22 |
WO2005105436A1 (en) | 2005-11-10 |
DE602005000810T2 (de) | 2008-01-10 |
ATE358578T1 (de) | 2007-04-15 |
ES2285687T3 (es) | 2007-11-16 |
RU2384414C2 (ru) | 2010-03-20 |
DE602005000810D1 (de) | 2007-05-16 |
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