OA5011A - Voussoir casing and method of realization thereof. - Google Patents

Abstract

1501430 Lining tunnels &c PONT-AMOUSSON SA 29 April 1975 [27 May 1974] 17703/75 Heading E1F Tunnel lining rings are formed from segments which each comprise circumferential reinforcing bars 3 embedded in concrete 12 and secured at their ends to segment end plates 1, 2. The ends of the bars are retained by a filler material (8), Fig. 2 (not shown), such as an epoxy resin, within cup-shaped housings 6 on the inner surfaces of the end plates. The plates may be provided with an inwardlydirected peripheral wall (14a, 14b), Fig. 4 (not shown). The segments may either be pre-cast, or alternatively the framework of bars arid plates may be assembled in the tunnel and the concrete cast in situ.

Description

1 05011

The present invention relates to a voussoir casing, including for coating tunnels or similar underground structures, typecomprenant metal frame and a mass of concrete or otheranalogue material working compression and anchored on this frame, the assembly 5 having the form of a cylindrical ring sector.

It aims at obtaining a voussoir of this type which allows an adapted to the circumferential dimensions wanted in each case particularwhich are the variations of these dimensions due to tolerances of manufacture such as those which exist in foundry. To this end, it relates to a voussoir of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the frame comprises two plates arranged along the axial radial faces of the voussoir and connected by circumferential barsconstitués by separate parts of these plates and fixed on those-cipar via a filler. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the plates have dish-shaped housings which receive the ends of the bars with interposition of said filler.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the bars are demostrated so as to transfer to the plates the compression forces applied to the voussoir. This arrangement makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the concrete and hence the rigidity of the coating, and thus enables you to work under the best conditions for compression while presenting a minimum volume, which for example leads to a decrease in the volume of material to be removed at during the drilling of a tunnel. The invention also relates to a method of producing such a voussoir chassis with separate plates and bars, characterized in that it is set up on a template first plates, then the bars, it makes solidarity these plates and bars with the aid of said filling material, and it finally proceeds to the establishment of the mass of concrete. Thanks to this method, it is possible to produce a single element, of large dimensions if necessary, but of precise dimensions, from a single fan consisting of a limited number of different parts, which can be simply cast in the foundry and not machined. This method also makes it possible to reduce and even to cancel in certain cases the number of bolts, and on the other hand to reduce the consumption of the catch-up product making the adjustment to the expected dimensions when a large element is produced by juxtaposition and fixation of several elementary scrolls. Other features and advantages will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a casing voussoir 20501 1 according to the invention;

Figures 2 and 3 are enlargements in diametral section of two details of this voussoir; Figure 4 is a partial view in perspective of a variant5 embodiment of the voussoir according to the invention.

The casing voussoir shown in Figure 1 has the shape of a cylindrical ring sector of axis XX and comprises two end metal plates 1 and 2 or longitudinal flanks, for example ductile iron, parallel to the axis XX of the underground gallery. The flanks 1, 2 are connected by means of curved ductile iron bars 3, 3 ... of circular section or whatever, and constituting a cylindrical assembly of the same axis X-X as the gallery. The flanks 1, 2 preferably have a generally curvilinear rectangular shape, two sides of which are parallel to the axis XX and two others oriented along a diameter of the gallery, the flank 1 having an outer convex surface 4 and the flank 2 a surface 5 concave exterior.

Each flank 1, 2 has on its inner side housinganalogues to cups with a fairly high edge 6, of any shape, such as cylindrical, frustoconical or other, integrally formed during the molding of the metal part. The bars 3a, 3 ^ have a reduced section end 7 cooperating with the housings 6, but forming with them residual intervals 8 which are filled by means of a rem-pleating and fixing material such as epoxy resin or similar.

The diameter of the bars is of the order of one third of the thickness of the voussoir, and the spacing of these bars is maintained by means of spacers 9 constituted for example by pairs of corrugated steel profiles extending to each other. above and below the bars, and connected between them by means of bolts 10.

Finally, the sidewall 1 is advantageously provided with centering studs 11 and the sidewall 2 of conjugate cups, as well as channels for injecting a material for bonding the segments between them, or sealing, or injection molding. a stuffing material outside the casing. It is finally provided in the mass of concrete 12 12a reservations for a possible bou-lonnage les voussoirs between them. Anchoring reliefs 13 are provided on the inner face of the plates 1 and 2 to promote the attachment of the concrete thereon. The assembly and the establishment of such a voussoir are carried out as follows:

The metal flanks 1, 2 cast in the casting, are arranged on a template G whose dimensions correspond to those of the finished part.

The bonding material is then introduced into the housings 6 and the bars 3,3, and so on are placed 3 0501 1 hb in place and then their interlockings 9. The adaptive ratings are made via the game remaining in the interval8 between the end 7 of the bars 3 and the housing 6. The bonding materialintroduced in the gap 8 then makes it possible to transmit significant decompressive forces "In another embodiment, the assembly between the bars 3 and the panels 1, 2 can be achieved by welding ends 7 in the housing 6 "

The metal part thus formed is then transported over the tank where it is coated with a filling material 12 such as concrete, mortar or the like. The flow of the concrete is limited by the flanks in the circumferential direction, as well as by a bottom, either inside, In order to facilitate the handling before concreting, it is advantageous to replace some of the bolts 10 by lifting rings 10 of which only one is represented, without the risk of deforming the metal structure, since the stresses are then strictly reduced to their minimum value.

Alternatively, the metal frames can be placed directly in the gallery itself by complete ring assembly, by cooperating the convex face 4 of a frame with the concave face 5 of the immediately adjacent frame in the circumferential direction, and without as much be forced to quickly achieve filling with concrete. Thanks to the bars 3.3, etc. ", a good security in the gallery is thus assured against the falling of blocks in spite of the absence of filling, this one being carried out subsequently in situ in the known manner, for example by means of a sliding formwork.

In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the edges of the mass of concrete are also protected by means of longitudinal inner wings H b 14 and radial 14, so that it is no longer necessary to use hooping armatures, to prevent bursting of the concrete due to the large contact pressures caused by the pressurization of the coating.

Indeed, the hooping is here obtained by the presence on the plates, on the one hand housing in which are placed the bars, and on the other hand wings 14a, 14b which limit and strengthen the concrete to compression. Optionally, the wings 14 ^ comprise bolting holes 15 allowing a laison des voussoirs in the longitudinal direction. In general, the combination of metal flanks 1, 2 and wings provides excellent protection of the voussoir during manu-tions, while simplifying the formwork required for concreting.

Cast iron and concrete casing counters such as those described above can support loads of the order of 500 to 1000 tons per linear meter.

Claims (1)

1. 4 0501 1 SUMMARY 1 /. A casing for the type comprising a metal frame and a mass of concrete or other similar material working on compression and anchored to this frame, the assembly having the shape of a cylindrical ring • ab sector, characterized in that the frame (1-2-3 -3 -9) comprises two plates (1,2) arranged along the axial radial faces of the voussoir and "·" SL b * connected by circumferential bars (3,3) constituted by distinct pieces of these plates (1, 2) and fixed thereto by means of a filler (8), 2 / voussoir according to 1, characterized in that the plates (1,2) have on their inner face housing in the form of a bowl (6) which receive the ends of the bars (2, 3) with the interposition of said filling material (8). 3 / voussoir according to 2, characterized in that a residual interval, occupied by the filling material (8), is formed between the ends (7) of the bars and the housings (6), 4 / voussoir according to 1 to 3, characterized in the bars (3, 3) are dimensioned so as to transfer to the plates (1,2) the compression forces applied to the voussoir, ab 5 / voussoir according to 1 to 4, characterized in that the bars (3, 3) aremaintenues in place by spacers (9), 6 / voussoir according to 1 to 5, characterized in that the plates (1,2) present longitudinal wings (14) and / or radial (14) protecting the beton shell 7 / 1 to 6, characterized in that the plates (1,2) present on their inner face reliefs (13) for anchoring the concrete, 8 / A method of making a voussoir casing according to 1, characterized in that the plates (1, 2) are then placed on a template first, then the bars (3, 3) are made solid. ire these plates and bars with the aid of said filling material (8), and finally the placing of the mass of concrete (12). 9 / A method according to 8 for producing a voussoir according to 3, characterized 3. b in that one carries out the assembly between the bars (3, 3) and thelogements (6) of the plates (1, 2) to by means of an injected connection material in the residual interval (8) formed between the ends (7) of the bars and the housings (6). 10 / Propedê according to 8, characterized in that the assembly of barsa b '(3, 3) and plates (1, 2) is achieved by welding.