NZ798856A - Mitigating thermal runaway propagation in lithium-ion battery packs - Google Patents

Mitigating thermal runaway propagation in lithium-ion battery packs

Info

Publication number
NZ798856A
NZ798856A NZ798856A NZ79885621A NZ798856A NZ 798856 A NZ798856 A NZ 798856A NZ 798856 A NZ798856 A NZ 798856A NZ 79885621 A NZ79885621 A NZ 79885621A NZ 798856 A NZ798856 A NZ 798856A
Authority
NZ
New Zealand
Prior art keywords
lithium
capture plate
battery cells
ion battery
capture
Prior art date
Application number
NZ798856A
Other versions
NZ798856B2 (en
Inventor
William J Doak
Christopher P Akulis
Peter J Arnold
Matthew S Boecke
Dan A Snavely
Joshua P Stewart
Original Assignee
Bae Sys Controls Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bae Sys Controls Inc filed Critical Bae Sys Controls Inc
Publication of NZ798856A publication Critical patent/NZ798856A/en
Publication of NZ798856B2 publication Critical patent/NZ798856B2/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/14—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors
    • H01M50/143—Fireproof; Explosion-proof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/291—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/293—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/548—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on opposite sides of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/581—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

A lithium-ion battery assembly includes a plurality of battery cells in a spaced-apart and generally parallel arrangement, each cell of the battery cells extending along a central axis and having a first end portion with a negative terminal and a second end portion with a positive terminal· The assembly includes a first capture plate and a second capture plate, where at least the first capture plate defines capture plate openings corresponding to the plurality of battery cells, the first capture plate spaced from and oriented generally parallel to the second capture plate. Each of the plurality of battery cells extends between the first and second capture plates and is coaxially arranged with one of the capture plate openings in the first capture plate. The assembly optionally includes a body between the capture plates, the body defining a void for each battery cell.

Claims (17)

1. A lithium-ion battery assembly comprising: a plurality of battery cells in a spaced-apart and generally parallel arrangement, each cell of the battery cells extending along a central axis and having a first end portion with a negative terminal and a second end portion with a positive terminal; and a first capture plate and a second capture plate, at least the first capture plate defining capture plate openings corresponding to the plurality of battery cells, the first capture plate spaced from and oriented generally parallel to the second capture plate, wherein each of the plurality of battery cells extends between the first and second capture plates and is coaxially arranged with one of the capture plate openings in the first capture plate, wherein the first and second capture plates are extended axially beyond ends of the plurality of battery cells and, wherein each of the battery cells comprises a pressure disk adjacent the positive terminal, the pressure disk configured to rupture when a pressure within the container exceeds a threshold pressure wherein the assembly further comprises a fire-resistant material in the capture plate opening over the positive terminal.
2. The lithium-ion battery assembly of claim 1, wherein each of the battery cells comprises: a container having a cylindrical shape with an open end and a closed end, the container including the negative terminal; an electrode assembly in the container together with a lithium-ion electrolyte, the electrode assembly including a first electrode, a second electrode, and at least one spacer wound in a spiral configuration within the container such that the at least one spacer is between the first electrode and the second electrode; a cap on the open end of the container, the cap including the positive terminal; and wherein the negative terminal is electrically connected to the first electrode and the positive terminal is electrically connected to the second electrode. 20-4472PCT
3. The lithium-ion battery assembly of claim 1, wherein the capture plate openings and the plurality of battery cells are arranged in a lattice, the lattice selected from a uniform square grid lattice, a non-uniform square grid lattice, a non-uniform hexagonal lattice, a uniform triangular lattice, a non-uniform triangular lattice.
4. The lithium-ion battery assembly of claim 1, wherein the positive terminal of each of the plurality of battery cells is adjacent the first capture plate.
5. The lithium-ion battery assembly of claim 1 further comprising a layer of fire-resistant material around a sidewall of each of the plurality of battery cells.
6. The lithium-ion battery assembly of claim 5, wherein the layer of fire-resistant material is around substantially all of the sidewall.
7. The lithium-ion battery assembly of claim 5 further comprising a sleeve around the sidewall, the sleeve between the battery cell and the layer of fire-resistant material.
8. The lithium-ion battery assembly of claim 1 further comprising a body between the first capture plate and the second capture plate, the body defining voids corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells, wherein each of the plurality of battery cells is retained in one of the voids.
9. The lithium-ion battery assembly of claim 8, wherein the body has a thickness, the thickness greater than or equal to an axial length of each of the plurality of battery cells.
10. The lithium-ion battery assembly of claim 8, wherein the body is made of a material having a coefficient of thermal conductivity at 25°C of at least 100 W/mK.
11. The lithium-ion battery assembly of claim 8, wherein the body is made of a material having a coefficient of thermal conductivity at 25°C of not greater than 1 W/mK. 20-4472PCT
12. The lithium-ion battery assembly of claim 1 further comprising a bus bar between the first capture plate and the body, the bus bar electrically connected to the positive terminal of at least some of the plurality of battery cells.
13. The lithium-ion battery assembly of claim 12, wherein subsets of the plurality of battery cells are electrically connected in series and wherein the subsets are electrically connected in parallel.
14. The lithium-ion battery assembly of claim 12 further comprising a spacer between the bus bar and the capture plate, the spacer of an electrically insulating material.
15. A battery pack comprising: a housing; a plurality of cell modules within the housing, each cell module comprising a plurality of lithium ion battery cells, each battery cell having a positive terminal directed toward the housing; and a partition of fire-resistant material between adjacent cell modules of the plurality of cell modules, wherein the plurality of lithium-ion cells are arranged in a spaced-apart and generally parallel arrangement, each cell of the plurality of lithium-ion cells having a first end portion with a negative terminal and a second end portion with a positive terminal; a body defining voids, each of the voids containing one of the plurality of lithium ion battery cells; and a first capture plate on a first side of the body and a second capture plate on an opposite second side of the body, at least the first capture plate defining capture plate openings corresponding to the plurality of lithium-ion cells, wherein each of the plurality of lithium-ion cells extends between the first and second capture plates, wherein the first and second capture plates are extended axially beyond ends of the plurality of battery cells, and wherein each of the battery cells comprises a pressure disk adjacent the positive terminal, the pressure disk configured to rupture when a pressure within the container exceeds a threshold pressure wherein the assembly further comprises a fire-resistant material in the capture plate opening over the positive terminal. 20-4472PCT
16. The lithium-ion battery assembly of claim 1, substantially as herein described with reference to any embodiment disclosed.
17. The batter pack of claim 15, substantially as herein described with reference to any embodiment disclosed.
NZ798856A 2021-09-30 Mitigating thermal runaway propagation in lithium-ion battery packs NZ798856B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202063086382P 2020-10-01 2020-10-01
PCT/US2021/052890 WO2022072641A1 (en) 2020-10-01 2021-09-30 Mitigating thermal runaway propagation in lithium-ion battery packs

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
NZ798856A true NZ798856A (en) 2025-10-31
NZ798856B2 NZ798856B2 (en) 2026-02-03

Family

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2021355445A1 (en) 2023-05-11
US20230344069A1 (en) 2023-10-26
CA3194251A1 (en) 2022-04-07
EP4222808A1 (en) 2023-08-09
WO2022072641A1 (en) 2022-04-07
EP4222808A4 (en) 2024-11-27
CN117099246A (en) 2023-11-21
AU2021355445A9 (en) 2025-03-13
KR20230092931A (en) 2023-06-26
JP7725577B2 (en) 2025-08-19
JP2023544400A (en) 2023-10-23

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