NO902410L - PROCEDURE FOR RECONCILIATION OF STOEPERISAND. - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR RECONCILIATION OF STOEPERISAND.Info
- Publication number
- NO902410L NO902410L NO90902410A NO902410A NO902410L NO 902410 L NO902410 L NO 902410L NO 90902410 A NO90902410 A NO 90902410A NO 902410 A NO902410 A NO 902410A NO 902410 L NO902410 L NO 902410L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- sand
- neutralization
- stated
- regeneration
- per
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013208 measuring procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/18—Plants for preparing mould materials
- B22C5/185—Plants for preparing mould materials comprising a wet reclamation step
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte for rekondisjonering av støperisand. The present invention relates to a method for reconditioning foundry sand.
Den våte, mekaniske, termiske eller kombinerte regenerering av støperisand som kvartssand, olivin, zirkon, kromittsand og lignende med organiske eller uorganiske bindemidler er kjent. Formålet for slike regenereringsprosesser er å tilveiebringe en rekondisjonert sand som kan anvendes på nytt i stedet for eller som ny sand. Samtidig skal substanser i støperisand som er skadelige for miljøet fjernes ved regenereringen. Sandbundne organiske substanser behøver vanligvis bare å bli regenerert termisk, hvis de ikke inneholder basiske, sure eller andre forstyrrende komponenter som verken forbrennes eller fordamper. The wet, mechanical, thermal or combined regeneration of foundry sand such as quartz sand, olivine, zircon, chromite sand and the like with organic or inorganic binders is known. The purpose of such regeneration processes is to provide a reconditioned sand that can be used again instead of or as new sand. At the same time, substances in foundry sand that are harmful to the environment must be removed during regeneration. Sand-bound organic substances usually only need to be regenerated thermally, if they do not contain basic, acidic or other disturbing components that neither burn nor evaporate.
Monosand eller blandet sand som er bundet uorganisk, spesielt sand som opprinnelig er behandlet med bentonitt må termisk og mekanisk regenereres for å fremstille en sand som kan anvendes på nytt. Mono sand or mixed sand that is bound inorganically, especially sand that was originally treated with bentonite must be thermally and mechanically regenerated to produce a sand that can be used again.
Ulempen ved disse kjente metoder, for eksempel for organiske bindemiddelsystemer med basiske eller sure komponenter som er vanskelige eller umulige å fjerne og spesielt for monosand eller blandet sand med uorganiske bindemidler, er at regene-ratsanden har egenskaper som avviker fra ny sand, for eksempel pH-verdien, den elektriske ledningsevne, graden av aggregatdannelse, slaminnhold og lignende. Egenskapene av sådan regeneratsand er mer eller mindre ufordelaktige særlig for fornyet anvendelse ved fremstilling av kjerner. De dårligere egenskaper av slik regeneratsand vedrører særlig dens bruk som kjernesand med syntetisk harpiksbindemiddel og bevirker redusert stivhet, redusert behandlingstid for sandblandingene og økt forbruk av bindemidler og lignende. The disadvantage of these known methods, for example for organic binder systems with basic or acidic components that are difficult or impossible to remove and especially for monosand or mixed sand with inorganic binders, is that the regenerated sand has properties that differ from new sand, for example pH value, the electrical conductivity, the degree of aggregate formation, sludge content and the like. The properties of such regenerated sand are more or less disadvantageous, particularly for renewed use in the manufacture of cores. The poorer properties of such regenerated sand relate in particular to its use as core sand with a synthetic resin binder and causes reduced stiffness, reduced processing time for the sand mixtures and increased consumption of binders and the like.
Formålet for den foreliggende oppfinnelse er å tilveiebringe en fremgangsmåte av den ovenfor beskrevne type hvormed termisk og/eller mekanisk regenerert sand kan behandles slik at den deretter er lik ny sand eller likner denne. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method of the type described above with which thermally and/or mechanically regenerated sand can be treated so that it then resembles new sand or resembles it.
Denne oppgave løses ved oppfinnelsen ved at sand inneholdende et organisk bindemiddel etter termisk regenerering eller sand inneholdende uorganisk bindemiddel etter en termisk og mekanisk regenerering nøytraliseres med en passende base eller syre avhengig av dens pH-verdi etter regeneringen ved hjelp av en måleprosedyre, for eksempel ved titrering, slik at den deretter har en pH-verdi mellom 6 og 8. This task is solved by the invention in that sand containing an organic binder after thermal regeneration or sand containing an inorganic binder after a thermal and mechanical regeneration is neutralized with a suitable base or acid depending on its pH value after the regeneration using a measuring procedure, for example by titration, so that it then has a pH value between 6 and 8.
Disse og andre trekk ved oppfinnelsen er angitt i patent-kravene. These and other features of the invention are specified in the patent claims.
Oppfinnelsen består spesielt deri at for eksempel de opprinnelig med organiske og/eller uorganiske bindemidler The invention consists in particular in that, for example, those originally with organic and/or inorganic binders
(bentonitt) tilsatte sandkorn som kvartskorn etter en termisk behandling og en mekanisk etterrensing ytterligere våtnøytra-liseres og etterrenses, for spesielt å få sandens pH-verdi og dens elektriske ledningsevne til å likne de tilsvarende (bentonite) added sand grains such as quartz grains after a thermal treatment and a mechanical post-cleaning are further wet-neutralized and post-cleaned, in particular to make the sand's pH value and its electrical conductivity similar to the corresponding
verdier for ny sand.values for new sand.
Det organiske bindemiddel blir omhyggelig forbrent eller det uorganiske bindemiddel, for eksempel leire eller bentonitt, dødbrennes ved den termiske og mekaniske behandling og blir deretter ekstrahert og separert fra sandkornene ved den mekaniske rensing. I samsvar med oppfinnelsen blir regene-ratsanden deretter nøytralisert i fuktig tilstand i beholdere og renset. Blandingen omrøres eller omstyrtes i behandlings-beholderen for å understøtte og påskynde prosessen. The organic binder is carefully burned or the inorganic binder, for example clay or bentonite, is burned to death by the thermal and mechanical treatment and is then extracted and separated from the sand grains by the mechanical cleaning. In accordance with the invention, the regeneration sand is then neutralized in a moist state in containers and cleaned. The mixture is stirred or overturned in the treatment container to support and speed up the process.
De nødvendige mengder av nøytraliseringstilsetningsmidler kan fordelaktig bestemmes ved titrering av en 50 til 100 g sandprøve, nemlig når sanden er i sin termiske eller eventuelt sin mekaniske regenerasjonstilstand. The required amounts of neutralizing additives can advantageously be determined by titrating a 50 to 100 g sand sample, namely when the sand is in its thermal or possibly its mechanical state of regeneration.
Forsøk har overraskende vist at en viss turbiditet av den vandige oppløsning oppstår når det tilsettes en passende syre som nøytraliseringsmidlet til regeneratsand som var bundet uorganisk. Øyensynlig bevirkes en svak separering av smuss eller slam eller bindemiddel som fremdeles er festet til sandkornene ved nøytraliseringen. En mulig elektrostatisk binding og adhesjon av kornene blir også eliminert. Experiments have surprisingly shown that a certain turbidity of the aqueous solution occurs when a suitable acid is added as the neutralizing agent to regenerated sand that was bound inorganically. Visibly, a weak separation of dirt or sludge or binding agent which is still attached to the sand grains during the neutralization is effected. A possible electrostatic binding and adhesion of the grains is also eliminated.
Etter nøytraliseringen og eventuelt en vasking og etterføl-gende tørking, har den behandlede sand når den iakttas under mikroskopet allerede et klart renere utseende enn tidligere og har egenskaper som er de samme eller lignende ny sand som vist i de etterfølgende eksempler I og II. After the neutralization and possibly a washing and subsequent drying, the treated sand when observed under the microscope already has a clearly cleaner appearance than before and has properties that are the same or similar to new sand as shown in the following examples I and II.
Eksempel IExample I
Eksempel II Example II
En nøytralisering av regenerert sand er illustrert i den vedføyde tegning. A neutralization of regenerated sand is illustrated in the attached drawing.
Sanden som allerede er regenerert tilføres en nøytralise-ringsbeholder 3 fra et sandlager 1 over en beltevekt for å innstille vekten pr. porsjon. Sammen med tilførselen av sand pumpes en nøytralisasjonsoppløsning ut av en lagerbeholder 4 ved hjelp av en pumpe 5 inn i nøytralisasjonsbeholderen 3 styrt ved hjelp av en fyllingsnivåkontroll (ikke vist). En omrøring eller omvelting av materialet foregår i beholderen 3 ved skjematisk illustrerte røreinnretninger under fyllepro-sessen og under nøytraliseringen. Etter nøytraliseringen trekkes oppløsningen ut gjennom et platefilter 6, en pumpe 7 og et filter 8 og føres tilbake til lagerbeholderen 4. En oppfrisking av den anvendte nøytralisasjonsoppløsning med vaskevann eller friskt vann og tilsetning av ny syre eller base foregår ved hjelp av en beholder 16. Etter nøytralisa-sjon foregår en vasking og rensing av det nøytraliserte regenerat ved å innføre en vaskeoppløsning fra lagringsbeholderen 13 inn i beholderen 3 når røreprosessen fortsettes. Blandingen av sand/vaskevann pumpes så ut av beholderen 3 ved hjelp av en pumpe 9 inn i en syklon 10. Sanden og slamholdig vann separerer i syklonen 10. Slamvannet renses i et filter 12 og føres tilbake til lagringsbeholderen 13 ved hjelp av en pumpe 11. Friskt vann tilsettes her til det anvendte vaskevann. Den separerte, rensede og nøytraliserte sand fra syklonen 10 tørkes ved hjelp av en vibrasjonstørke 14 og transporteres så til en lagringsbunker 15. The sand that has already been regenerated is supplied to a neutralization container 3 from a sand storage 1 over a belt scale to set the weight per portion. Together with the supply of sand, a neutralization solution is pumped out of a storage container 4 by means of a pump 5 into the neutralization container 3 controlled by means of a filling level control (not shown). A stirring or overturning of the material takes place in the container 3 by schematically illustrated stirring devices during the filling process and during the neutralization. After the neutralization, the solution is drawn out through a plate filter 6, a pump 7 and a filter 8 and returned to the storage container 4. Refreshing the used neutralization solution with washing water or fresh water and adding new acid or base takes place with the help of a container 16. After neutralization, the neutralized regenerate is washed and cleaned by introducing a washing solution from the storage container 13 into the container 3 when the stirring process is continued. The mixture of sand/washing water is then pumped out of the container 3 using a pump 9 into a cyclone 10. The sand and muddy water separate in the cyclone 10. The muddy water is cleaned in a filter 12 and returned to the storage container 13 using a pump 11 Fresh water is added here to the washing water used. The separated, cleaned and neutralized sand from the cyclone 10 is dried using a vibrating dryer 14 and then transported to a storage bunker 15.
Nøytraliseringen og vaskingen eller rensingen foregår alternativt i to respektive lukkede sirkulasjonssystemer. For å innstille nøytraliteten av vaskeoppløsningen kan baser også tilsettes for eksempel når det nøytraliseres med en syre eller også vice versa. Beltevekten kan også fylle flere nøytralisasjonsbeholdere ved hjelp av et fordelingsbelte hvor også flere sykloner kan anvendes. The neutralization and washing or cleaning takes place alternatively in two respective closed circulation systems. To set the neutrality of the washing solution, bases can also be added, for example when it is neutralized with an acid or vice versa. The belt scale can also fill several neutralization containers using a distribution belt where several cyclones can also be used.
Nøytralisasjons- og renseprosessene gjennomføres i lukkede kretsløp med minst mulig forbrukt vannmengde av miljøhensyn. Nøytralisasjonsoppløsningen etter fullført reaksjon trekkes ut av beholderen sammen med den ekstraherte slamfraksjon og føres deretter gjennom et filter for å separere slammateria-let. Om nødvendig blir den filtrerte og anvendte nøytralisa-sjonsoppløsning oppfrisket med ny syre eller base og med friskt vann eller vaskevann og føres hele tiden tilbake.i kretsløpprosessen for den neste behandling, for eksempel ved hjelp av en mellomliggende beholder. The neutralization and cleaning processes are carried out in closed circuits with the least possible amount of water consumed for environmental reasons. The neutralization solution after completion of the reaction is drawn out of the container together with the extracted sludge fraction and is then passed through a filter to separate the sludge material. If necessary, the filtered and used neutralization solution is refreshed with new acid or base and with fresh water or washing water and is constantly fed back into the circuit process for the next treatment, for example by means of an intermediate container.
Et ytterligere eksempel er vist i det følgende på en blandet sand som er uorganisk bundet, hvor den initiale gamle sand blir termisk og mekanisk behandlet til å gi regeneratsand som deretter nøytraliseres og renses. A further example is shown below of a mixed sand which is inorganically bound, where the initial old sand is thermally and mechanically treated to give regenerated sand which is then neutralized and cleaned.
En styrketest er foretatt med særlig følsomme sandblandinger for kald-kassekjerner ved forskjellige behandlingstrinn sammenlignet med ny sand. A strength test has been carried out with particularly sensitive sand mixtures for cold box cores at different treatment stages compared to new sand.
Eksempel III Example III
Sammenligning av bøyestyrke i N/cm<2>på kald-kasse-sandprøver: Comparison of bending strength in N/cm<2> on cold-box sand samples:
sandblanding: 30 % ny sand, AFS omtrent 60sand mixture: 30% new sand, AFS approximately 60
7 0 % termisk-mekanisk regenerat7 0% thermal-mechanical regenerated
0,8 % syntetisk harpiks 352 T 140.8% synthetic resin 352 T 14
0,8 % syntetisk harpiks 652 TEA 700 0.8% synthetic resin 652 TEA 700
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4004553A DE4004553C1 (en) | 1990-02-14 | 1990-02-14 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO902410D0 NO902410D0 (en) | 1990-05-31 |
| NO902410L true NO902410L (en) | 1991-08-15 |
Family
ID=6400137
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO90902410A NO902410L (en) | 1990-02-14 | 1990-05-31 | PROCEDURE FOR RECONCILIATION OF STOEPERISAND. |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0446402A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH03238141A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR910015345A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1054021A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9003152A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2022769A1 (en) |
| CS (1) | CS219190A2 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD297087A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4004553C1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK149890A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI902822A (en) |
| HU (1) | HUT58008A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO902410L (en) |
| PL (1) | PL285083A1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT94164A (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4129863A1 (en) * | 1991-09-07 | 1993-03-11 | Hanf Carl Elino Ind Ofenbau | Bentonite bound foundry moulding sand conditioning process - by heat treatment of precleaned sand for high quality sand useful for core prodn. |
| DE19927107A1 (en) * | 1999-06-14 | 2000-12-21 | Fischer Georg Gmbh & Co Kg | Device to reduce odorous emissions from a casting installation has a container for bio catalysts and/or enzymes and active region in which the bio catalysts and/or the enzymes interact with the substances causing the odorous emissions |
| EP1222978A3 (en) * | 2001-01-15 | 2007-10-17 | Sintokogio, Ltd. | A method for making sand covered with bentonite, the sand, and a method for recycling molding sand for a mold using the sand covered by bentonite |
| DE102007027298A1 (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2008-12-18 | Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich Gmbh & Co. Kg | Process for the treatment of foundry sand |
| CN102059319B (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2012-12-19 | 昆明理工大学 | Joint regeneration method for old resin sand |
| CN102500458B (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2014-07-09 | 河海大学 | Sand washing method and special device thereof |
| CN102615243B (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-09-18 | 华中科技大学 | Foundry used sand wet intermittent regeneration method and equipment thereof |
| JP2016147287A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-08-18 | マツダ株式会社 | Casting sand regeneration process, and polishing device |
| HUE054926T2 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-10-28 | Nemak Sab De Cv | Method for preparing a foundry sand mixture |
| JP7142563B2 (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2022-09-27 | 伊藤忠セラテック株式会社 | How to recycle recovered sand |
| EP3797896A1 (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-03-31 | Finn Recycling OY | Cleaning sand used at foundry |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US414388A (en) * | 1889-11-05 | emmens | ||
| DE2233111C3 (en) * | 1972-07-06 | 1974-11-28 | Hermann 2105 Seevetal Jacob | Method and device for the regeneration of synthetic resin-bonded foundry sand |
| US4113510A (en) * | 1974-06-07 | 1978-09-12 | Societe D'applications De Procedes Industriels Et Chimiques S.A.P.I.C. | Process for regenerating foundry sand |
| CA1050209A (en) * | 1974-12-16 | 1979-03-13 | Julius M. Bleuenstein | Sand reclamation and purification |
| JPS5292823A (en) * | 1976-02-02 | 1977-08-04 | Hitachi Ltd | Old sand cleaning reproduction process |
| DE2656672C2 (en) * | 1976-12-15 | 1978-09-21 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Procedure for regenerating core sand |
| CH631643A5 (en) * | 1978-04-14 | 1982-08-31 | Fischer Ag Georg | METHOD FOR REGENERATING OLD FOUNDRY SAND AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD AND PRODUCT OF THE METHOD. |
| US4401638A (en) * | 1981-12-21 | 1983-08-30 | Materias Primas, Monterrey, S.A. | Process for purifying silica sand |
| GB8317669D0 (en) * | 1983-06-29 | 1983-08-03 | British Ind Sand Ltd | Chemical treatment of sand |
| US4685973A (en) * | 1984-02-03 | 1987-08-11 | Steel Castings Research And Trade Association | Reclamation of foundry sands |
-
1990
- 1990-02-14 DE DE4004553A patent/DE4004553C1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-04-26 EP EP19900107984 patent/EP0446402A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-05-03 CS CS902191A patent/CS219190A2/en unknown
- 1990-05-07 PL PL28508390A patent/PL285083A1/en unknown
- 1990-05-16 JP JP2126543A patent/JPH03238141A/en active Pending
- 1990-05-25 PT PT94164A patent/PT94164A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-05-31 NO NO90902410A patent/NO902410L/en unknown
- 1990-06-06 FI FI902822A patent/FI902822A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-06-12 HU HU903815A patent/HUT58008A/en unknown
- 1990-06-19 DK DK149890A patent/DK149890A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-06-27 KR KR1019900009544A patent/KR910015345A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-06-28 BR BR909003152A patent/BR9003152A/en unknown
- 1990-07-05 CN CN90103344A patent/CN1054021A/en active Pending
- 1990-08-07 CA CA002022769A patent/CA2022769A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-08-15 DD DD90343469A patent/DD297087A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR910015345A (en) | 1991-09-30 |
| DK149890A (en) | 1991-08-15 |
| HUT58008A (en) | 1992-01-28 |
| NO902410D0 (en) | 1990-05-31 |
| PT94164A (en) | 1991-09-30 |
| CN1054021A (en) | 1991-08-28 |
| FI902822A0 (en) | 1990-06-06 |
| FI902822A (en) | 1991-08-15 |
| DD297087A5 (en) | 1992-01-02 |
| BR9003152A (en) | 1991-11-12 |
| PL285083A1 (en) | 1991-10-07 |
| CS219190A2 (en) | 1991-09-15 |
| CA2022769A1 (en) | 1991-08-15 |
| EP0446402A1 (en) | 1991-09-18 |
| HU903815D0 (en) | 1990-11-28 |
| DK149890D0 (en) | 1990-06-19 |
| DE4004553C1 (en) | 1991-10-10 |
| JPH03238141A (en) | 1991-10-23 |
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