NO883566L - STRENGTH OF THE VESSELS FOR OFFSHORE WORKERS. - Google Patents
STRENGTH OF THE VESSELS FOR OFFSHORE WORKERS.Info
- Publication number
- NO883566L NO883566L NO88883566A NO883566A NO883566L NO 883566 L NO883566 L NO 883566L NO 88883566 A NO88883566 A NO 88883566A NO 883566 A NO883566 A NO 883566A NO 883566 L NO883566 L NO 883566L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- element according
- bodies
- underwater
- underwater bodies
- vessel
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B35/4413—Floating drilling platforms, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/107—Semi-submersibles; Small waterline area multiple hull vessels and the like, e.g. SWATH
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/04—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull
- B63B2001/044—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull with a small waterline area compared to total displacement, e.g. of semi-submersible type
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
- Foundations (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår et f orsterkningselement ved i bruksstilling halvt nedsenkede, elastisk forankrede fartøyer for offshorearbeider, f.eks. ved olje— og gassutvinning, hvilke er forsynt med minst to undervannslegemer, et i sikkerhetsavstand fra vannflaten opphevet arbeldsdekk og fra legemene oppoverrettede støtteben som bærer arbeidsdekket. The present invention relates to a reinforcement element for semi-submerged, elastically anchored vessels for offshore work, e.g. in the case of oil and gas extraction, which are provided with at least two underwater bodies, a working deck raised at a safety distance from the water surface and support legs pointing upwards from the bodies which support the working deck.
Ved nykonstruksJoner eller modernisering av fartøyet ifølge ovenstående, må man iaktta krav på minimale bevegelser ved forskjellige arbeidsoperasjoner, sikkerhet, tilgjengelighet og gode boforhold. En konstruksjon med økt stabilitet og minskede bevegelser resulteter også i minskede påkjenninger på forankringssystemet. In the case of new constructions or modernization of the vessel according to the above, requirements for minimal movements during various work operations, safety, accessibility and good living conditions must be observed. A construction with increased stability and reduced movements also results in reduced stress on the anchoring system.
De økonomiske forutsetningene for drift av denne type fartøyer innebærer samtidig at man tilstreber størst mulig nyttelast på arbeidsdekket innen den gitte prosjektrammen. The financial prerequisites for operating this type of vessel also mean that one strives for the greatest possible payload on the working deck within the given project framework.
For eksempel forekommer konverteringer av boreplattformer til produksjonsplattformer, hvilket medfører at arbeidsdekket påføres en omfattende prosessutrustning. Vanligvis kompen-serer man den økte vekten ved å forsyne undervannslegemene med deplasementsøkende og tyngdepunktsenkende sponsoner. Videre pleier arealet i vannlinjen å økes ved montering av større sentre på støttebenene. Dessuten må forsterkninger gjøres i dekkskasser og stagelementer. Alle disse forandring-er medfører omfattende sveisearbeider,noe som gjør kon-verteringen kostbar. For example, conversions of drilling platforms to production platforms occur, which means that extensive process equipment is applied to the working deck. Usually, the increased weight is compensated for by supplying the underwater bodies with sponsons that increase displacement and lower the center of gravity. Furthermore, the area in the waterline tends to be increased by installing larger centers on the support legs. In addition, reinforcements must be made in deck boxes and strut elements. All these changes entail extensive welding work, which makes the conversion expensive.
Hensikten med foreliggende oppfinnelse er å fremskaffe et forsterkningselement som kan benyttes både for økning av deplasement og senking av tyngdepunktet i konstruksjonen, samt kan utnyttes for øking av arealet i vannlinjen og er anbringbar uten omfattende sveisearbeider. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reinforcement element which can be used both for increasing displacement and lowering the center of gravity in the construction, as well as being used for increasing the area in the waterline and which can be fitted without extensive welding work.
Dette oppnås ifølge oppfinnelsen ved at elementet strekker seg horisontalt fra undersiden av en av undervannslegemene til undersiden av et annet undervannslegeme, dannende en overbygning som opptar påkjenninger, med påtagelig utbredelse i horisontalplanet, mellom bunnkledningene i respektive undervannslegemer. According to the invention, this is achieved by the element extending horizontally from the underside of one of the underwater bodies to the underside of another underwater body, forming a superstructure that absorbs stresses, with noticeable propagation in the horizontal plane, between the bottom linings in respective underwater bodies.
Ifølge en fordelaktig utførelsesform for oppfinnelsen er elementet anbragt ved hjelp av boltforbindelser, hvilke omfatter bolter som strekker seg vertikalt nedover fra oversiden av respektive undervannslegemer. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the element is placed by means of bolted connections, which comprise bolts that extend vertically downwards from the upper side of respective underwater bodies.
Elementet presses hensiktsmessig ved hjelp av boltforbindelsene mot bunnkledningen via mellomliggende.elastiske komprimerbare distanseorganer. The element is suitably pressed using the bolt connections against the bottom cladding via intermediate elastic compressible spacers.
Ifølge ytterligere en fordelaktig variant av oppfinnelsen er elementet utformet som et deplaserende, ballastbart legeme som kan danne en lagringstank for råolje. According to a further advantageous variant of the invention, the element is designed as a displacing, ballastable body which can form a storage tank for crude oil.
Legemet kan være forsynt med minst ett vertikalt tårn som strekker seg opp ovenfor fartøyets operasjonsvannlinje, i avstand fra fartøyets flytesentrum. The body can be provided with at least one vertical tower that extends above the vessel's operational waterline, at a distance from the vessel's center of gravity.
Oppfinnelsen skal i det følgende beskrives nærmere under henvisning til et utførelseseksempel som er vist på tegning-ene, der In the following, the invention will be described in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings, where
fig. 1 er en prinsippskisse som viser et offshorefartøy sett nedenfra, med et f orsterkningselement ifølge en første utførelsesform for oppfinnelsen, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an offshore vessel seen from below, with a reinforcement element according to a first embodiment of the invention,
fig. 2 viser en annen utførelse av elementet, sett ovenfra ved et offshorefartøy, og fig. 2 shows another embodiment of the element, seen from above at an offshore vessel, and
fig. 3 er et enderiss av den i fig. 2 viste kombinasjonen. fig. 3 is an end view of the one in fig. 2 showed the combination.
Fig. 1 viser undervannsdelene i en i operasjonsstilling halvt nedsenket offshoreplattform, med dens to pongtonger 10 og fire vertikale,av pongtongene bårede støtteben 11. Disse benene 11 er parvis forbundet på tvers av pongtongenes lengderetning ved hjelp av stag 12. Fig. 1 shows the underwater parts of a half-submerged offshore platform in operational position, with its two pontoons 10 and four vertical support legs 11 carried by the pontoons. These legs 11 are connected in pairs across the pontoons' longitudinal direction by means of struts 12.
Mellom de to pongtongene 10 strekker det seg et horisontalt forsterkningselement 13, som er forsynt med avstivende spant 14 på tvers, på langs og diagonalt. Elementene har betydelig utstrekning i horisontalplanet og støtter med sin overside 15 mot pongtongenes bunnkledning 16, via mellomliggende distanser 17 (se fig. 3) av et elastisk komprimerbart materiale, f.eks. tre, plast eller gummi. Between the two pontoons 10 extends a horizontal reinforcement element 13, which is provided with stiffening frame 14 across, lengthwise and diagonally. The elements have a considerable extent in the horizontal plane and support with their upper side 15 against the pontoon's bottom covering 16, via intermediate spacers 17 (see fig. 3) of an elastically compressible material, e.g. wood, plastic or rubber.
Elementet er anbragt ved pongtongene 10 ved hjelp av et stort antall boltforbindelser 18, som omfatter lange bolter 19 som strekker seg fra fester 20 ved pongtongens overside og nedover langs hver pongtongside 21, slik som det fremgår av fig. 3. På grunn av sin lengde oppviser disse boltene betydelig elastisitet og kan trekkes til til hensiktsmessig forspenning, ved hvilken distanseorganene 17 er delvis komprimerte. Ved sjøheving kommer belastningen på boltene til å variere avhengig av bevegelsesretningen. Samtidig kommer distanseorganenes kompresjon til å variere. The element is placed at the pontoons 10 by means of a large number of bolt connections 18, which comprise long bolts 19 which extend from fasteners 20 at the top of the pontoon and downwards along each pontoon side 21, as can be seen from fig. 3. Because of their length, these bolts exhibit considerable elasticity and can be tightened to the appropriate bias, whereby the spacers 17 are partially compressed. In sea heave, the load on the bolts will vary depending on the direction of movement. At the same time, the compression of the distance organs will vary.
Det i fig. 1 viste forsterkningselementet danner en dørk-lignende, stiv forbindelse mellom de to pongtongene, uten lukkede kammere eller tanker. Elementet minsker i høy grad belastningene på dekkskassen 22 (se fig. 3) og tverrstagene 12. Samtidig bidrar det med sin store horisontale flate til reduserende hevebevegelser. I dette utførelseseksemplet er elementet usymmetrisk plassert. Dette kan være fordelaktig, f.eks. ved konvertering av en boreplattform til en produk-sjonsplattform, idet man ved den ene enden av arbeidsdekket monterer et prosessanlegg for separering av olje, gass, vann og forurensninger. Ved montering av forsterkningselementet ved samme ende, kan tyngdepunktet i langskipsretningen bibeholdes på et fordelaktig nivå. Videre reduseres hevebevegelsen, ettersom elementet befinner seg i lang avstand fra vannflaten 23, der bølgenes hevevirkning er vesentlig mindre i overensstemmelse med "Smith-effekten". That in fig. 1, the reinforcement element shown forms a doork-like, rigid connection between the two pontoons, without closed chambers or tanks. The element greatly reduces the loads on the tire box 22 (see fig. 3) and the cross struts 12. At the same time, it contributes with its large horizontal surface to reducing lifting movements. In this design example, the element is placed asymmetrically. This can be advantageous, e.g. when converting a drilling platform to a production platform, with a process plant for separating oil, gas, water and contaminants being installed at one end of the working deck. By mounting the reinforcement element at the same end, the center of gravity in the longitudinal direction can be maintained at an advantageous level. Furthermore, the lifting movement is reduced, as the element is located at a long distance from the water surface 23, where the lifting effect of the waves is significantly less in accordance with the "Smith effect".
Ved montering av elementet 13 benyttes f.eks. fire slepebåter som er forsynt med wirer som er forbundet med respektive hjørner på elementet og med hvilke de kan manøvrere elementet til riktig posisjon under plattformen. Deretter deballasteres elementet som er forsynt med distanseorganer 17, og presses opp mot pongtongenes bunnkledning, hvoretter boltforbindelsene 18 monteres. When mounting the element 13, e.g. four tugs which are provided with wires which are connected to respective corners of the element and with which they can maneuver the element to the correct position under the platform. The element which is provided with spacers 17 is then de-ballasted and pressed up against the pontoon's bottom cladding, after which the bolt connections 18 are fitted.
Det i fig. 2 og 3 viste forsterkningselementet 13 er utformet som et lukket legeme 24 som danner en lagringstank for råolje. Tanken gjør det mulig å lagre noen dagers produksjon av råolje, slik at et skyttel tankskip kan benyttes for med jevne mellomrom å hente olje og føre den i land. Lagrings-tanken 24 danner et gassfarlig rom, som ifølge utformingen ifølge oppfinnelsen er separert fra arbeids— og boligrommene på plattformen. That in fig. 2 and 3, the reinforcement element 13 is designed as a closed body 24 which forms a storage tank for crude oil. The tank makes it possible to store a few days' production of crude oil, so that a shuttle tanker can be used to collect oil at regular intervals and bring it ashore. The storage tank 24 forms a gas-hazardous space, which, according to the design according to the invention, is separated from the working and living spaces on the platform.
Legemet 24 er forsynt med et sentralt beliggende tårn 25, som strekker seg opp til dekkskassen 22 og muliggjør kommunika-sjon mellom legemet 24 og et prosessanlegg ved dekket. Tårnet rommer f.eks. utløsbare tilkoplinger for stigeledninger ved sin nedre del, samt ovenfor disse pumperom og passasjer for inspeksjon og service. The body 24 is provided with a centrally located tower 25, which extends up to the deck box 22 and enables communication between the body 24 and a process plant at the deck. The tower houses e.g. releasable connections for risers at its lower part, as well as above these pump rooms and passageways for inspection and service.
Videre strekker elementet seg et stykke utenfor hver pongtongside 21, hvorfra det utgår to vertikale kolonner 26. Disse strekker seg oppover omtrent til jevn høyde med dekkskassens underside. Hensikten med disse to kolonnene 26 er å oppnå økt vannlinjeareal i avstand fra fartøyets flytesentrum. Kolonnene kommuniserer med atmosfæren via inntil deres topp anordnede ventiler 27, for at det ikke skal kunne skapes noe over- eller undertrykk i disse deler av konstruksjonen. Furthermore, the element extends a little outside each pontoon side 21, from which two vertical columns 26 emanate. These extend upwards approximately to the same height as the underside of the deck box. The purpose of these two columns 26 is to achieve an increased waterline area at a distance from the vessel's center of gravity. The columns communicate with the atmosphere via valves 27 arranged up to their top, so that no excess or underpressure can be created in these parts of the construction.
Ved at forsterkningselementet således kan utformes med indre lagringsrom og vannlinjearealforstørrende deler, samt forsynes med tilkoplinger for stigeledninger, er det mulig å unngå kostnadskrevende omkonstruksjon av en eksisterende offshoreplattform ved konvertering til en produksjons-plattform. Hele enheten kan fremstilles på verft og til-sluttes til plattformen, uten at denne behøver å slippsettes eller alternativt undervannsveises. By the fact that the reinforcement element can thus be designed with internal storage spaces and waterline area-enlarging parts, as well as being supplied with connections for risers, it is possible to avoid costly reconstruction of an existing offshore platform when converting to a production platform. The entire unit can be manufactured at a shipyard and connected to the platform, without the latter needing to be released or alternatively welded underwater.
Oppfinnelsen er ikke begrenset til ovenfor beskrevne utførelseseksempel, men flere varianter er tenkelige innen rammen for de etterfølgende patentkrav. For eksempel kan elementets form gjøres annerledes enn det som er vist, og andre festeorganer enn de viste kan benyttes. Forsterkningselementet kan benyttes ved nykonstruksjon av plattformer. The invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, but several variants are conceivable within the scope of the subsequent patent claims. For example, the shape of the element can be made different from what is shown, and other fastening means than those shown can be used. The reinforcement element can be used for new construction of platforms.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE8703132A SE458519B (en) | 1987-08-12 | 1987-08-12 | FORCE STRENGTH OF SHIPPING FOR OFF-SHORE WORK |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO883566D0 NO883566D0 (en) | 1988-08-11 |
NO883566L true NO883566L (en) | 1989-02-13 |
Family
ID=20369275
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO88883566A NO883566L (en) | 1987-08-12 | 1988-08-11 | STRENGTH OF THE VESSELS FOR OFFSHORE WORKERS. |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2207892A (en) |
NO (1) | NO883566L (en) |
SE (1) | SE458519B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9401141D0 (en) * | 1994-01-21 | 1994-03-16 | Kvaerner Earl & Wright | Buoyant platform |
GB9511541D0 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1995-08-02 | Kvaerner Earl & Wright | Buoyant Platform |
GB9520806D0 (en) * | 1995-10-11 | 1995-12-13 | Kvaerner Earl & Wright | Buoyant platform |
US6666624B2 (en) * | 2001-08-07 | 2003-12-23 | Union Oil Company Of California | Floating, modular deepwater platform and method of deployment |
US20050163572A1 (en) | 2002-02-20 | 2005-07-28 | Keron Neil A. | Floating semi-submersible oil production and storage arrangement |
NO316169B1 (en) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-12-22 | Hitec Vision As | Mooring buoy device and method |
CN110758672A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-02-07 | 江苏扬子鑫福造船有限公司 | Method for quickly and integrally shifting and falling two large semi-floating ships |
-
1987
- 1987-08-12 SE SE8703132A patent/SE458519B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1988
- 1988-08-11 GB GB08819126A patent/GB2207892A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-08-11 NO NO88883566A patent/NO883566L/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE8703132L (en) | 1989-02-13 |
GB2207892A (en) | 1989-02-15 |
SE8703132D0 (en) | 1987-08-12 |
GB8819126D0 (en) | 1988-09-14 |
SE458519B (en) | 1989-04-10 |
NO883566D0 (en) | 1988-08-11 |
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