NO142339B - CONTAINER COMPONENT OF METAL PLATE MATERIAL - Google Patents
CONTAINER COMPONENT OF METAL PLATE MATERIAL Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO142339B NO142339B NO75751990A NO751990A NO142339B NO 142339 B NO142339 B NO 142339B NO 75751990 A NO75751990 A NO 75751990A NO 751990 A NO751990 A NO 751990A NO 142339 B NO142339 B NO 142339B
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- Prior art keywords
- chlorohydrocarbon
- weight
- chlorohydrocarbons
- mixtures
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- Prior art date
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picric acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- DYSXLQBUUOPLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O DYSXLQBUUOPLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 aromatic nitro compound Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229950002929 trinitrophenol Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYWYYJYRVSBHJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 VYWYYJYRVSBHJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- FQTIFYGSNRPLGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dinitro-3-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O FQTIFYGSNRPLGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFBJCMHMOXMLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitrophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O UFBJCMHMOXMLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVFUUSPKWADLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-4-nitro-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-4h-pyrazol-3-one Chemical compound O=C1C([N+]([O-])=O)C(C)=NN1C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 OVFUUSPKWADLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002081 peroxide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
- B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
- B21D51/38—Making inlet or outlet arrangements of cans, tins, baths, bottles, or other vessels; Making can ends; Making closures
- B21D51/383—Making inlet or outlet arrangements of cans, tins, baths, bottles, or other vessels; Making can ends; Making closures scoring lines, tear strips or pulling tabs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D17/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting or piercing, or by tearing of frangible members or portions
- B65D17/28—Rigid or semi-rigid containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting or piercing, or by tearing of frangible members or portions at lines or points of weakness
- B65D17/401—Rigid or semi-rigid containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting or piercing, or by tearing of frangible members or portions at lines or points of weakness characterised by having the line of weakness provided in an end wall
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D17/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting or piercing, or by tearing of frangible members or portions
- B65D17/28—Rigid or semi-rigid containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting or piercing, or by tearing of frangible members or portions at lines or points of weakness
- B65D17/404—Details of the lines of weakness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2205/00—Venting means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Containers Opened By Tearing Frangible Portions (AREA)
- Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
- Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
- Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
Description
Stabiliserte oppløsningsmiddelblandinger på klorhydrocarbonbasis. Stabilized solvent mixtures on a chlorohydrocarbon basis.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår stabiliserte klorhydrocarboner, spesielt triklorethylen og perklorethylen. Ved hjelp av oppfinnelsen forhindres dannelse av korroderende klorider ved kontakt mellom klorhydrocarboner og metalloverflater i surt The present invention relates to stabilized chlorohydrocarbons, especially trichlorethylene and perchlorethylene. With the help of the invention, the formation of corrosive chlorides is prevented by contact between chlorinated hydrocarbons and metal surfaces in acid
miljø. environment.
Klorhydrocarboner anvendes i utstrakt Chlorohydrocarbons are used extensively
grad i industrien, f. eks. til rensning og avfetning av metaller. Disse forbindelser anvendes sjelden i ren tilstand til slike indu-strielle formål, da det er velkjent at de er degree in industry, e.g. for cleaning and degreasing metals. These compounds are rarely used in their pure state for such industrial purposes, as it is well known that they are
tilbøyelige til å spaltes ved innvirkning av liable to split upon impact of
varme, lys og oxygen under de vanlige lag-rings- og bruksbetingelser. Mange forbindelser har vært foreslått som stabiliseringsmidler, og disse har, tilsatt i små mengder til klorhydrocarboner, vært nyttige til heat, light and oxygen under normal storage and use conditions. Many compounds have been proposed as stabilizers, and these, added in small amounts to chlorohydrocarbons, have been useful for
å forsinke denne spaltning som normalt to delay this cleavage as normal
inntreffer. occurs.
Hvor effektive disse kjente stabiliseringsmidler enn kan være, er det funnet at However effective these known stabilizers may be, it has been found that
klorhydrocarboner inneholdende de nevnte chlorohydrocarbons containing the aforementioned
stabiliseringsmidler spaltes under bruk under dannelse av syrer, og der dannes efter Stabilizers break down during use, forming acids, and residue is formed there
hvert et betydelig innhold av syre i oppløs-ningsmidlet. Ved siden av denne mekanisme hvorved der dannes et surt miljø, kan each a significant content of acid in the solvent. Alongside this mechanism by which an acidic environment is formed, can
syrer innblandes i klorhydrocarbonene, en-ten utilsiktet som når fettsyrer er tilstede acids are mixed into the chlorohydrocarbons, either unintentionally as when fatty acids are present
på arbeidsstykker som skal avfettes, eller on workpieces to be degreased, or
tilsiktet. Et surt miljø som er utviklet på en intentional. An acidic environment that has developed on a
eller flere slike måter bevirker initiering or several such ways effect initiation
av en ytterligere spaltning av klorhydrocarbonet ved en mekanisme som antas å of a further cleavage of the chlorohydrocarbon by a mechanism believed to
være helt forskjellig fra den spaltning som be entirely different from the cleavage which
forårsakes av alminnelig oxydasjon av slike oppløsningsmidler ved luftens oxygen. Spaltningen resulterer i frigjøring av korroderende klorider som fører til et alvorlig korrosjonsproblem både hva angår arbeids-stykkene og metallbeholderen i kontakt med klorhydrocarbonoppløsningsmidlet. Uten at det er ment å begrense foreliggende oppfinnelse til spesielle reaksjonsmeka-nismer antas det at de tilstedeværende syrer reagerer med overflaten på arbeidsstykker osv. som er i kontakt med klorhydrocarbonene under frigjøring av hydro-genfrie radikaler som så angriper oppløs-ningsmidlet og forårsaker progressiv spaltning av dette under dannelse av korroderende klorider. De tidligere anvendte stabiliseringsmidler som har vært brukt til å sinke normal spaltning ved innvirkning av varme, oxygen og lys har vanligvis vært bestemt for nøytrale eller alkaliske betingelser og er funnet å være ineffektive til forhindring av spaltning av klorhydro-carbonoppløsningsmidlene som bevirkes under de sure betingelser. caused by general oxidation of such solvents by the oxygen in the air. The cleavage results in the release of corrosive chlorides which lead to a serious corrosion problem both with respect to the workpieces and the metal container in contact with the chlorohydrocarbon solvent. Without it being intended to limit the present invention to particular reaction mechanisms, it is believed that the acids present react with the surface of workpieces etc. which are in contact with the chlorohydrocarbons, liberating hydrogen-free radicals which then attack the solvent and cause progressive decomposition of this with the formation of corrosive chlorides. The previously used stabilizers which have been used to slow down normal decomposition by the action of heat, oxygen and light have generally been designed for neutral or alkaline conditions and have been found to be ineffective in preventing the decomposition of the chlorohydrocarbon solvents effected under the acidic conditions. .
Man må naturligvis vente at den type spaltning som er beskrevet ovenfor med dens ledsagende korrosjonsproblemer vil være særlig alvorlig når systemet hvortil klorhydrocarbonoppløsningsmidlet anvendes er et surt medium. One must of course expect that the type of decomposition described above with its accompanying corrosion problems will be particularly severe when the system for which the chlorohydrocarbon solvent is used is an acidic medium.
Formålet med foreliggende oppfinnelse er derfor å skaffe et middel som effektivt stabiliserer klorhydrocarbonholdige oppløsningsmidler så at de blir brukbare i relativt lange tidsrom. The purpose of the present invention is therefore to provide an agent which effectively stabilizes chlorohydrocarbon-containing solvents so that they can be used for relatively long periods of time.
Det er videre et formål med foreliggende oppfinnelse å skaffe et stabiliser- i ingsmiddel som effektivt kan forhindre dannelse av korroderende klorider når ar- i beidsstykker av metall behandles med klor-hydrocarbonoppløsningsmidler i et surt medium. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a stabilizing agent which can effectively prevent the formation of corrosive chlorides when metal workpieces are treated with chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents in an acidic medium.
Det er funnet at den ovenfor nevnte spaltning av klorhydrocarboner unngåes It has been found that the above-mentioned decomposition of chlorohydrocarbons is avoided
når man tilsetter til sådanne en liten mengde av visse nitroaromatiske forbindelser. when one adds to such a small amount of certain nitroaromatic compounds.
Det karakteristiske hovedtrekk ved de klorhydrocarbonholdige blandinger ifølge oppfinnelsen er at de inneholder en stabiliserende mengde av minst én nitroaromatisk forbindelse som i molekylet har minst to nitrogrupper bundet direkte til en aromatisk kjerne. The characteristic main feature of the chlorohydrocarbon-containing mixtures according to the invention is that they contain a stabilizing amount of at least one nitroaromatic compound which in the molecule has at least two nitro groups bound directly to an aromatic nucleus.
Foruten å være meget effektive ved stabilisering av klorhydrocarboner er tem-sure betingelser, gir midlene ifølge oppfinnelsen også beskyttelse mot den spaltning av klorhydrocarbonene som skyldes innvirkning av varme, lys og oxygen. De kan derfor anvendes som eneste stabiliseringsmiddel for klorhydrocarboner, men det kan i noen tilfelle være fordelaktig å anvende dem sammen med de forskjellige konven-sjonelle stabiliseringsmidler som spesielt er foreslått til å sinke den normale spaltning under innvirkning av varme, lys og oxygen. In addition to being very effective in stabilizing chlorinated hydrocarbons under temperature conditions, the agents according to the invention also provide protection against the decomposition of the chlorinated hydrocarbons due to the influence of heat, light and oxygen. They can therefore be used as the only stabilizer for chlorohydrocarbons, but it can in some cases be advantageous to use them together with the various conventional stabilizers which are particularly proposed to slow down the normal decomposition under the influence of heat, light and oxygen.
Nitroaromatiske forbindelser er gene-relt cycliske, organiske forbindelser som viser aromatisk karakter og som er substituert med en nitro- eller polynitrogrup-pe. Forbindelsene kan være énkjernede eller flerkjernede og foruten nitrogruppen eller nitrogruppene inneholde flere andre substituenter. Man vil selvfølgelig forstå at forbindelsene ikke må inneholde grupper (f. eks. peroxydgrupper) som kan forstyrre virkningen av stabiliseringsmidlene eller på annen måte virke skadelig på blandingen de inngår i. Der anvendes ifølge oppfinnelsen fortrinsvis forbindelser hvis aromatiske karakter skyldes nærvær av en eller flere benzenkjerner, men også kan skyldes en eller flere andre carbocycliske kjerner, som f. eks. benzen, eller en eller flere hetero-cycliske kjerner som f. eks. pyridin og thio-fen, alene eller i kombinasjon med en eller flere benzenkjerner. Nitroaromatic compounds are generally cyclic, organic compounds which show an aromatic character and which are substituted with a nitro or polynitro group. The compounds can be mononuclear or polynuclear and, in addition to the nitro group or nitro groups, contain several other substituents. It will of course be understood that the compounds must not contain groups (e.g. peroxide groups) which can interfere with the effect of the stabilizers or otherwise have a harmful effect on the mixture they are part of. According to the invention, preferably compounds are used whose aromatic character is due to the presence of one or more benzene nuclei, but can also be due to one or more other carbocyclic nuclei, such as e.g. benzene, or one or more hetero-cyclic nuclei such as e.g. pyridine and thiophene, alone or in combination with one or more benzene nuclei.
De stabiliseringsmidler som fortrinsvis anvendes ifølge oppfinnelsen kan defi-neres som i det vesentlige aromatiske forbindelser inneholdende fra 1 til 3 kjerner, med en molekylvekt som ikke er større enn 225, og som inneholder en substituert aromatisk ringstruktur til hvilken der direkte er bundet minst to eller flere nitrogrupper. The stabilizers which are preferably used according to the invention can be defined as essentially aromatic compounds containing from 1 to 3 nuclei, with a molecular weight not greater than 225, and which contain a substituted aromatic ring structure to which at least two or several nitro groups.
Eksempler på slike forbindelser er di-litrobenzen, dinitrofenol, dinitrobenzoesyre, dinitrotoluen, picrolonsyre, dinitrocumen og picrinsyre (2, 4, 6-trinitrofenol). Disse forbindelser kan anvendes i form av hovedsakelig rene enkeltisomere, eller de kan anvendes i form av de i handelen til-gjengelige blandinger av isomere. Examples of such compounds are di-litrobenzene, dinitrophenol, dinitrobenzoic acid, dinitrotoluene, picrolonic acid, dinitrocumene and picric acid (2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol). These compounds can be used in the form of essentially pure single isomers, or they can be used in the form of the commercially available mixtures of isomers.
Det er funnet at picrinsyre er et særlig fordelaktig stabiliseringsmiddel. Picric acid has been found to be a particularly advantageous stabilizing agent.
Blandinger av to eller flere av de avennevnte forbindelser kan med fordel anvendes. Foretrukne blandinger er dem i hvilke der anvendes to eller flere aromatiske forbindelser som foran definert. Eksempler på slike blandinger er: dinotrotoluen og dinitrobenzoesyre, dinotrocumen og dinitrobenzoesyre, dinitrotoluen og picrinsyre, dinitrocumen og picrinsyre, dinitrobenzoesyre og picrinsyre, dinitrotoluen, dinitrobenzoesyre og pic rinsyre, samt Mixtures of two or more of the above-mentioned compounds can advantageously be used. Preferred mixtures are those in which two or more aromatic compounds as defined above are used. Examples of such mixtures are: dinotrotoluene and dinitrobenzoic acid, dinotrocumene and dinitrobenzoic acid, dinitrotoluene and picric acid, dinitrocumene and picric acid, dinitrobenzoic acid and picric acid, dinitrotoluene, dinitrobenzoic acid and picric acid ric acid, as well as
dinitrotoluen, dinitrocumen og picrinsyre. dinitrotoluene, dinitrocumene and picric acid.
Den mengde nitroaromatiske forbindelser som kreves for å frembringe effektiv stabilisering av klohydrocarboner er tem-melig liten og varierer i noen grad med den spesielle forbindelse. I alminnelighet foretrekkes det å anvende en mengde på mellom 0,01 og 1 vektpst. beregnet på, klorhyd-rocarbonets vekt. Imidlertid oppnåes for noen forbindelsers vedkommende også no-en stabilisering ved anvendelse av lavere konsentrasjoner enn 0,01 vektpst. Ved anvendelse av picrinsyre som stabiliseringsmiddel er således mengder ned til 0,001 vektpst. effektive. Mengder over 5 vektpst. gir ikke noen særlig ytterligere fordel, og anvendelsen av sådanne større mengder er derfor ikke berettiget fra økonomisk syns-punkt. The amount of nitroaromatic compounds required to produce effective stabilization of chlorohydrocarbons is rather small and varies to some extent with the particular compound. In general, it is preferred to use an amount of between 0.01 and 1% by weight. calculated on, the weight of the chlorohydrocarbon. However, in the case of some compounds, some stabilization is also achieved by using lower concentrations than 0.01% by weight. When picric acid is used as a stabilizer, amounts are thus down to 0.001 wt. effective. Amounts over 5% by weight. does not provide any particular additional benefit, and the use of such larger quantities is therefore not justified from an economic point of view.
Med uttrykket «klorhydrocarboner» som det her anvendes, menes klorsubstitu-erte hydrocarboner, fortrinsvis med fra 1 til 3 carbonatomer i molekylet. Eksempler på sådanne forbindelser er methylenklo-rid, methylkloroform, carbontetraklorid, triklorethylen og perklorethylen. Av disse forbindelser foretrekkes særlig klorhydro-carbonoppløsningsmidler inneholdende to carbonatomer, og triklorethylen og perklorethylen foretrekkes spesielt. The term "chlorohydrocarbons" as used here means chlorine-substituted hydrocarbons, preferably with from 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the molecule. Examples of such compounds are methylene chloride, methyl chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, trichlorethylene and perchlorethylene. Of these compounds, chlorohydrocarbon solvents containing two carbon atoms are particularly preferred, and trichlorethylene and perchlorethylene are particularly preferred.
Eksempel 1. Example 1.
Der ble utført en standard stabilitets-prøve for å vise den stabiliserende virkning av tilsetningsmidler ifølge oppfinnelsen med hensyn til å forhindre oxydativ spaltning under innvirkning av varme, lys og oxygen. Spaltningsgraden ble målt ved hjelp av aciditeten, mengden av korroderende klorider og av høytkokende polymere spaltningsprodukter som ble dannet under forsøket. A standard stability test was carried out to show the stabilizing effect of additives according to the invention with regard to preventing oxidative decomposition under the influence of heat, light and oxygen. The degree of decomposition was measured by means of the acidity, the amount of corrosive chlorides and of high-boiling polymeric decomposition products that were formed during the experiment.
Ved utførelsen av forsøkene ble 200 ml av det anvendte klorhydrocarbonoppløs-ningsmiddel anbragt i en kolbe og kokt under tilbakeløpskjøling i 4 timer i nærvær av jernpulver. I dette tidsrom ble de kondenserte damper kontinuerlig resirku-lert gjennom et skikt av vann. Samtidig ble den kokende prøve bestrålet med ultra-fiolette stråler og oxygengass boblet gjennom prøven. Ved slutten ble vannskiktets surhetsgrad målt og angitt i millimeter 1,0 N saltsyre. When carrying out the experiments, 200 ml of the chlorohydrocarbon solvent used was placed in a flask and boiled under reflux for 4 hours in the presence of iron powder. During this time, the condensed vapors were continuously recirculated through a layer of water. At the same time, the boiling sample was irradiated with ultra-violet rays and oxygen gas was bubbled through the sample. At the end, the acidity of the water layer was measured and given in millimeters of 1.0 N hydrochloric acid.
En prøve av klorhydrocarbonoppløs-ningsmidlet ble derpå tatt ut av kolben, filtrert og blandet grundig med sitt eget volum i vann i en skilletrakt. Vannskiktet ble fraskilt og analysert på vannoppløselige klorider. Kloridinnholdet ble angitt som deler pr. million deler. A sample of the chlorohydrocarbon solvent was then removed from the flask, filtered and mixed thoroughly with its own volume of water in a separatory funnel. The aqueous layer was separated and analyzed for water-soluble chlorides. The chloride content was stated as parts per million parts.
En annen prøve av klorhydrocarbon- Another sample of chlorohydrocarbon-
oppløsningsmidlet ble tatt ut av kolben og underkastet gasskromatografi. Dette er en fordelaktig teknikk til adskillelse av de høytkokende spaltningsprodukter som ble dannet under forsøket. Ved denne teknikk kan de relative mengder av slike spaltningsprodukter dannet mellom forskjellige forsøk måles. I denne metode sprøytes en prøve på 0,01 ml inn i et Perkin-Elmer mo-dell 159-B-dampfraktometer forsynt med en 4 meters «K»-kolonne, under anvendelse av «Carbowax» 1500 polyethylenglycol som fordelingsmiddel. Bestemmelsen utføres ved en temperatur på 190° C. Den herved erholdte elueringsfigur viser to bånd som er karakteristiske for oxydasjons- eller spaltningsprodukter av klorhydrocarboner. Arealet under disse kurver bestemmes til-nærmet og angis som et mål for den relative mengde tilstedeværende spaltningsprodukter. the solvent was removed from the flask and subjected to gas chromatography. This is an advantageous technique for separating the high-boiling fission products that were formed during the experiment. By this technique, the relative amounts of such cleavage products formed between different experiments can be measured. In this method, a sample of 0.01 ml is injected into a Perkin-Elmer model 159-B vapor fractometer equipped with a 4 meter "K" column, using "Carbowax" 1500 polyethylene glycol as the distribution agent. The determination is carried out at a temperature of 190° C. The resulting elution figure shows two bands which are characteristic of oxidation or cleavage products of chlorohydrocarbons. The area under these curves is determined approximately and is given as a measure of the relative amount of cleavage products present.
Triklorethylen uten noe som helst stabiliseringsmiddel ble prøvet ved -hjelp av den foran angitte fremgangsmåte. En sammenligning av resultatene av de forskjellige bestemmelser er oppført i neden-stående tabell I: Trichlorethylene without any stabilizing agent was tested using the above-mentioned method. A comparison of the results of the different provisions is listed in Table I below:
Det sees av ovenstående data at stabiliseringsmidlene ifølge oppfinnelsen er effektive med hensyn til å forhindre oxda-tiv spaltning av klorhydrocarbonoppløs-ningsmidler. Det er særlig å merke at ved tilsetning av stabiliseringsmidler ifølge oppfinnelsen forhindres dannelse av høyt-kokende spaltningsprodukter dannet ved oxydasjon. It can be seen from the above data that the stabilizers according to the invention are effective with regard to preventing oxidative decomposition of chlorohydrocarbon solvents. It is particularly noteworthy that the addition of stabilizers according to the invention prevents the formation of high-boiling decomposition products formed by oxidation.
Eksempel 2. Example 2.
Man gikk frem som angitt i eksempel 5 ved forsøk med ikke stabilisert triklorethylen som inneholdt 5 vektpst. amylalkohol med stabiliseringsmiddel ifølge oppfinnelsen henholdsvis uten sådant. En sammenligning av resultatene angis i nedenståen-de tabell II: One proceeded as indicated in example 5 when testing with unstabilized trichlorethylene which contained 5% by weight. amyl alcohol with stabilizer according to the invention or without such. A comparison of the results is given in Table II below:
Ved å sammenligen resultatene fra for-søk 1 i ovenstående tabell med resultatene By comparing the results from trial 1 in the above table with the results
av forsøk 1 i eksempel I sees det klart at from experiment 1 in example I it is clearly seen that
tilsetning av alkoholen fremmer spaltningen av klorhydrocarbonoppløsningsmidlet, addition of the alcohol promotes the cleavage of the chlorohydrocarbon solvent,
særlig ved å øke surhetsgraden, samt dannelsen av klorider. particularly by increasing the degree of acidity, as well as the formation of chlorides.
Ved å sammenligne forsøk 2 i eksempel 2 med forsøk 2 i eksempel 1, sees det By comparing experiment 2 in example 2 with experiment 2 in example 1, it is seen
videre at stabiliseringsmidlet ifølge oppfinnelsen er nesten like effektivt med hensyn til å forhindre spaltning av klorhydrocarbonet i nærvær av en alkohol, særlig further that the stabilizer according to the invention is almost as effective with respect to preventing the decomposition of the chlorohydrocarbon in the presence of an alcohol, in particular
med hensyn til å forhindre dannelsen av with regard to preventing the formation of
høytkokende spaltningsprodukter fra oxy-dasjonen. high-boiling decomposition products from the oxidation.
Ved anvendelse av stabiliseringsmidler When using stabilizers
ifølge oppfinnelsen kan følgelig klorhydro-carbonoppløsningsmidler av alkoholer according to the invention can consequently chlorohydrocarbon solvents of alcohols
blandes til et handelsprodukt for forskjellige formål hvor slike blandinger er fordel-aktige, uten risiko for at produktet spaltes mixed into a commercial product for various purposes where such mixtures are advantageous, without the risk of the product splitting
eller avbygges. or dismantled.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US477074A US3902626A (en) | 1974-06-06 | 1974-06-06 | Easy opening container component |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO751990L NO751990L (en) | 1975-12-09 |
| NO142339B true NO142339B (en) | 1980-04-28 |
| NO142339C NO142339C (en) | 1980-08-20 |
Family
ID=23894419
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO75751990A NO142339C (en) | 1974-06-06 | 1975-06-05 | CONTAINER COMPONENT OF METAL PLATE MATERIAL. |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3902626A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS518081A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR206924A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7503595A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1015676A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH611572A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2525047A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK145152C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2273718A2 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1481138A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL47332A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1050300B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7506789A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO142339C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE413652B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA753262B (en) |
Families Citing this family (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3997076A (en) * | 1974-05-02 | 1976-12-14 | Aluminum Company Of America | Tabless container opening device |
| US3964414A (en) * | 1974-06-11 | 1976-06-22 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Easy open end method and apparatus |
| US3967751A (en) * | 1975-06-13 | 1976-07-06 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Easy open end |
| US4027612A (en) * | 1975-07-16 | 1977-06-07 | Continental Can Company, Inc. | Method for forming container scored metal flap areas |
| US3982657A (en) * | 1975-07-28 | 1976-09-28 | Coors Container Company | One piece container end member with an integral hinged opening tab portion |
| US4003495A (en) * | 1976-04-26 | 1977-01-18 | Usm Corporation | Can cover openable by a spoon or the like |
| WO1980001558A1 (en) * | 1979-01-29 | 1980-08-07 | K Taniuchi | Easy-to-open lid for container |
| US4513874A (en) * | 1980-07-16 | 1985-04-30 | Sexton Can Company, Inc. | Pressure relief device for internally pressurized fluid container |
| CA1156569A (en) * | 1980-07-16 | 1983-11-08 | Walter J. Mulawski | Pressure relief device for internally pressurized fluid container |
| USRE33217E (en) * | 1982-03-11 | 1990-05-15 | Ball Corporation | Buckle resistance for metal container closures |
| US4434641A (en) * | 1982-03-11 | 1984-03-06 | Ball Corporation | Buckle resistance for metal container closures |
| US4531875A (en) * | 1982-08-17 | 1985-07-30 | Impro Technologies, Inc. | Automated pipe equipment system |
| JPS6070296A (en) * | 1983-09-26 | 1985-04-22 | コトブキ技研工業株式会社 | Exchange of rod in crawler drill |
| IT1228227B (en) * | 1989-01-12 | 1991-06-05 | Quaker Chiari & Forti S P A P | EASY OPENING CLOSURE FOR METAL SHEET COVERS OF CANS AND SIMILAR. |
| US4928844A (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-05-29 | Aluminum Company Of America | Pressure release for carbonated beverage containers |
| US4991732A (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1991-02-12 | Aluminum Company Of America | Excess pressure vent for resealable beverage cap |
| US4932555A (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-06-12 | Aluminum Company Of America | Resealable cap hinge structure |
| US4982862A (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1991-01-08 | Aluminum Company Of America | Digitally openable, resealable container closure |
| US4957216A (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1990-09-18 | Aluminum Company Of America | Anchor for plastic cap |
| NL9301812A (en) * | 1993-10-20 | 1995-05-16 | Hoogovens Groep Bv | Metal full-aperture easy-open lid for a can. |
| US5765709A (en) * | 1996-08-07 | 1998-06-16 | Ball Corporation | Container end piece with openable panel defined by product-side score with post repair material reservoir |
| GB9711290D0 (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 1997-07-30 | Metal Box Plc | Easy open ends |
| JPH11105867A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-04-20 | Nippon Steel Corp | Highly corrosion-resistant, easily openable resin-coated metal can lid requiring no repairs at obverse and reverse |
| US5938390A (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 1999-08-17 | Aluminum Company Of America | Antifracture scores for easy open container walls |
| US8215513B1 (en) | 2007-08-20 | 2012-07-10 | Popseal LLC. | Self-closing resealable can end |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3227304A (en) * | 1964-09-08 | 1966-01-04 | Charles T Ashury | Can opening arrangement |
| US3355058A (en) * | 1965-12-06 | 1967-11-28 | Charles T Asbury | Push-in can lid |
| US3794206A (en) * | 1972-04-06 | 1974-02-26 | Line J De | Frangible opening means for a container lid |
| IE38044B1 (en) * | 1972-08-17 | 1977-12-07 | Aluminium Co | Digitally openable metal container closure and method and apparatus for forming such closure |
-
1974
- 1974-06-06 US US477074A patent/US3902626A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1974-11-04 CA CA212,893A patent/CA1015676A/en not_active Expired
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1975
- 1975-01-01 AR AR259100A patent/AR206924A1/en active
- 1975-05-20 GB GB21684/75A patent/GB1481138A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-05-20 ZA ZA00753262A patent/ZA753262B/en unknown
- 1975-05-21 IL IL47332A patent/IL47332A/en unknown
- 1975-05-23 SE SE7505888A patent/SE413652B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-06-03 DE DE19752525047 patent/DE2525047A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1975-06-04 IT IT49918/75A patent/IT1050300B/en active
- 1975-06-04 DK DK250675A patent/DK145152C/en active
- 1975-06-05 JP JP50067121A patent/JPS518081A/en active Pending
- 1975-06-05 NO NO75751990A patent/NO142339C/en unknown
- 1975-06-06 BR BR4606/75D patent/BR7503595A/en unknown
- 1975-06-06 NL NL7506789A patent/NL7506789A/en unknown
- 1975-06-06 CH CH730775A patent/CH611572A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-06-06 FR FR7517791A patent/FR2273718A2/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2525047A1 (en) | 1975-12-18 |
| DK145152B (en) | 1982-09-20 |
| SE7505888L (en) | 1975-12-08 |
| CH611572A5 (en) | 1979-06-15 |
| AR206924A1 (en) | 1976-08-31 |
| NO751990L (en) | 1975-12-09 |
| DK250675A (en) | 1975-12-07 |
| US3902626A (en) | 1975-09-02 |
| IL47332A (en) | 1977-11-30 |
| ZA753262B (en) | 1976-04-28 |
| NL7506789A (en) | 1975-12-09 |
| JPS518081A (en) | 1976-01-22 |
| FR2273718A2 (en) | 1976-01-02 |
| CA1015676A (en) | 1977-08-16 |
| NO142339C (en) | 1980-08-20 |
| SE413652B (en) | 1980-06-16 |
| AU7372074A (en) | 1976-04-29 |
| IT1050300B (en) | 1981-03-10 |
| DK145152C (en) | 1983-02-21 |
| BR7503595A (en) | 1976-05-25 |
| GB1481138A (en) | 1977-07-27 |
| FR2273718B2 (en) | 1978-09-08 |
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