NL2014434B1 - Data centre and method for controlling the temperature in a data centre. - Google Patents

Data centre and method for controlling the temperature in a data centre. Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2014434B1
NL2014434B1 NL2014434A NL2014434A NL2014434B1 NL 2014434 B1 NL2014434 B1 NL 2014434B1 NL 2014434 A NL2014434 A NL 2014434A NL 2014434 A NL2014434 A NL 2014434A NL 2014434 B1 NL2014434 B1 NL 2014434B1
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Netherlands
Prior art keywords
temperature
data center
outlet
closing means
plenum
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Application number
NL2014434A
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Dutch (nl)
Inventor
Alexander Brocx Maurice
Original Assignee
Evoswitch Ip B V
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Priority to NL2014434A priority Critical patent/NL2014434B1/en
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Publication of NL2014434B1 publication Critical patent/NL2014434B1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
    • H05K7/20718—Forced ventilation of a gaseous coolant
    • H05K7/20745—Forced ventilation of a gaseous coolant within rooms for removing heat from cabinets, e.g. by air conditioning device

Abstract

The invention relates to a data centre and method for controlling the temperature in a data centre. 5 The data centre comprises: a server module comprising a computer server, each server module comprising a cooling unit; a plenum comprising: o an inlet connected to the outlet of the cooling unit; o a first outlet for discharging air out of the data centre; o a second outlet for discharging air inside the data centre; the first outlet comprising a first closing means and the second outlet comprising a second closing means; a first temperature sensor arranged to measure the temperature inside the data centre; a controller operatively connected to the first closing means, the second closing means and the first temperature sensor, the controller being arranged to control the first closing means and second closing means on the basis of the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor.

Description

DATA CENTRE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE IN A DATA
CENTRE
The invention relates to a data centre. Data centres typically comprise a large number of computer servers. The computer servers generate heat, such that cooling the computer server is required to avoid overheating. For this purpose data centres may comprise cooling units which take in warm air from the servers and return cool air. For example, the cooling unit may be a cooling unit as disclosed in Dutch patent application NL2008744, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
The air for cooling may be obtained from the outside air, or from inside the data centre.
For example, the data centre building comprises a side wall having an air inlet for taking in outside air, as described in Dutch patent application NL2011977, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
The temperature of the air for cooling is ideally about 10-15 degrees Celsius. In conventional systems active cooling is used in case the temperature of the air taken in by the cooler exceeds these temperatures. However, the air taken in by the cooler may also be too cold for conditioning the servers. In conventional systems, the incoming cold air may be heated to the desired minimum temperature. However, heating is energy consuming. A goal of the invention is to overcome the above drawback and to provide a data centre having an energy efficient air temperature control.
This goal is achieved with the data centre according to the invention, comprising: - at least one server module comprising a computer server, wherein each server module comprises a cooling unit for cooling the server module, the cooling unit having an outlet for letting out warm air; - a plenum comprising: o an inlet connected to the outlet of the cooling unit for letting in warm air from the cooling unit into the plenum; o a first outlet arranged to discharge air from the plenum to the outside of the data centre; o a second outlet arranged to discharge air from the plenum to the inside of the data centre; wherein the first outlet comprises a first closing means for opening and closing the first outlet and the second outlet comprises a second closing means for opening and closing the second outlet; - a first temperature sensor arranged to measure the temperature inside the data centre; - a controller operatively connected to the first closing means, the second closing means and the first temperature sensor, the controller being arranged to control the first closing means and second closing means on the basis of the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor.
The first outlet may also be referred to as the exhaust outlet. The second outlet may also be referred to as the recirculation outlet. The first closing means may also be referred to as the exhaust valve. The second closing means may also be referred to as the recirculation valve.
The closing means may be fully opened, fully closed or partially opened. Preferably, the degree in which closing means are opened is continuously variable.
The data centre according to the invention enables recirculation of warm air from the server modules, exhausted by the cooling units, in the data centre. This ensures that the air in the data centre maintains a predetermined minimum temperature, without require additional heating. Preferably, the cooling units taken in the air for cooling the server module from the ambient air inside the data centre. Therefore, the invention enables controlling the temperature of the air fed to the server modules.
In a preferred embodiment, the controller has a recirculation configuration wherein the controller is arranged to at least partially open the second closing means and to perform modulating control of the first closing means and second closing means for maintaining the air in the data centre at a predetermined control temperature.
The modulating control may be according to a PID control scheme.
In the recirculation configuration, part of the warm air exhausted by the cooling units is used to keep a temperature in the data centre above a minimum temperature. This is energy efficient.
The control temperature is preferably set to 5-15 degrees Celsius, preferably about 10 degrees Celsius.
In a preferred embodiment, the recirculation configuration the controller is arranged to close the first closing means in a modulating manner if the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor is below the predetermined control temperature during a predetermined time period.
Preferably, the predetermined time period is 5-240 minutes, more preferably 10-120 minutes and most preferably 30-60 minutes.
In a preferred embodiment, the recirculation configuration the controller is further arranged to re-open the first closing means if the degree to which the second closing means are closed exceeds a predetermined threshold.
Preferably, the exhaust valve is re-opened if the recirculation valve is closed by more than 50 %, more preferably more than 60%, even more preferably more than 70% and most preferably more than 80 %.
In a further preferred embodiment, the controller is switchable between a neutral configuration wherein the controller sets the first closing means in an open state and the second closing means in a closed state and the recirculation configuration.
In other words, two states are defined: the neutral configuration and the recirculation-configuration. In the neutral configuration the one or more recirculation valves are closed, i.e. at least substantially completely closed, and the one or more exhaust valves are open. In the recirculation-configuration, the one or more recirculation valve is at least partially opened and the recirculation valve and/or the exhaust valve are controlled to maintain the temperature in the data centre at the desired control temperature.
In a preferred embodiment, the data centre further comprises a second temperature sensor arranged to measure the temperature outside the data centre, wherein the controller is arranged to switch to the recirculation configuration if the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor is below a first lower temperature threshold for a first predetermined time period and the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor is below a second lower temperature threshold for a second predetermined time period.
Alternatively, the controller obtains the outside temperature from an external source, e.g. a online weather service.
In a further preferred embodiment, the controller is further arranged to switch to the neutral configuration if the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor exceeds a first upper temperature threshold for a third predetermined time period and the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor exceeds a second upper temperature threshold for a fourth predetermined time period.
Preferably, the first lower temperature threshold, second lower temperature threshold, first upper temperature threshold, second upper temperature threshold, first predetermined time period, second predetermined time period, third predetermined time period and/or fourth predetermined time period are adjustable.
For example, the first lower temperature threshold is about 10 degrees Celsius. Preferably, the second lower temperature threshold is slightly higher than the first lower temperature threshold, e.g. 13 degrees Celsius. For example, the first upper temperature threshold is about 12 degrees Celsius. Preferably the second upper temperature threshold is slightly higher than the first upper temperature threshold, e.g. 15 degrees Celsius.
In a preferred embodiment, the plenum comprises a drain for draining water from the nlprmm
In a preferred embodiment, the plenum comprises a drip catcher.
Water vapour may be present in the air in the plenum, which may lead to formation of condensation moisture. The drain and/or drip catcher enables removing the water from the plenum.
The invention further relates to a method for controlling the temperature in a data centre comprising at least one server module comprising a computer server, the method comprising: - cooling the at least one server module using a cooling unit; - exhausting warm air from the cooling unit to an inlet of a plenum, the plenum comprising a first outlet for discharging air from the plenum to the outside of the data centre and a second outlet for discharging air from the plenum to the inside of the data centre, wherein the first outlet comprises a first closing means for opening and closing the first outlet and the second outlet comprises a second closing means for opening and closing the second outlet; - measuring the temperature inside the data centre; and - using a controller to control the first closing means and second closing means on the basis of the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor to control the temperature inside the data center.
The same advantages and effects as described above with respect to the data centre according to the invention apply to the method according to the invention. In particular, features of the method and the data centre may be combined as desired.
Further advantages, features and details of the invention are elucidated on the basis of preferred embodiments thereof, wherein reference is made to the accompanying figures. - Figure 1 shows a first example according to the invention, wherein a data centre is shown in cross section and a server module, cooling modules and plenum box in side elevation; - Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the cooling modules and the plenum box; and - Figures 3 and 4 show the plenum box in cross section, in front view and side view respectively.
Data centre building 2 (figure 1) includes one or more server modules 4. Each module 4 comprises a housing for housing computer servers in the module. The server module is also referred to as a “data box” or “data centre module”. The servers housed in module 4 produce heat. To control the air temperature in the server module 4, cooling units 6 are provided.
Each cooling unit 6 takes in hot air from the server module 4 via an inlet (not shown), and exhausts cool air to the server module 4 via an outlet (not shown). Cooling unit 6 is not the subject of the present invention and may be any suitable type of cooling unit. Preferably, the cooling unit is a cooling unit as disclosed in Dutch patent application NL2008744, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
The cool air may be ambient air. For example, the cool air is obtained from outside the data centre building 2 via an inlet of cooling unit 6. In a currently preferred embodiment, the cool air is obtained from the ambient air inside the data centre building 2. For example, the data centre building comprises a side wall having an air inlet for taking in outside air, as described in Dutch patent application NL2011977, which is hereby incorporated by reference. In this example, cooling unit 6 obtains cool air from inside data centre building 2 via an inlet.
Cooling units 6 exhaust warm air via a duct 8 to plenum box 10 arranged in roof 12 of data centre building 2. The upper part 14 of plenum box 10 serves as an outlet and is arranged outside data centre building 2, while the lower part connected to the ducts 8 is provided inside data centre building 2. Roof 12 comprises an opening for mounting plenum 10.
In the example shown, plenum box 10 is connected to four cooling units 6 arranged on top of a server module 4 (figure 2). Upper part 14 of plenum box 10 comprises a first outlet 16 for discharging air from the plenum box 10 to the outside of the data centre building. First outlet 16 is also referred to as the exhaust outlet of the plenum box 10. The side walls of the lower part of plenum box 10 are provided with openings for connecting ducts 8, thus serving as inlets for letting in air from cooling units 5. The side walls of the lower part of plenum box 10 further comprise openings 17 which serve as a second air outlets from plenum box 10 to the inside of data centre building 2. The second air outlets are also referred to as recirculation outlets. In the exemplary embodiment of the figures, four recirculation outlets are provided. However, the plenum box 10 may be provided with any number of recirculation outlets, e.g. one, two or three recirculation outlets.
The exhaust outlet 16 of plenum box 10 is provided with first closing means 20a, 20b (figure 3 and 4), also referred to as exhaust valves. The recirculation outlets 17 of plenum box 10 are provided with second closing means 18, also referred to as recirculation valves. The closing means 18, 20a, 20b can be opened and closed. In particular, the closing means can be fully opened, fully closed or partially opened. Preferably, the degree in which closing means 20a, 20b are opened is continuously variable. First closing means 20a, 20b comprise a first door 20a and a second door 20b.
Inside plenum box 10 an air ramp 22 is provided to guide air coming in from inlets 17, i.e. air coming in via second closing means 18. Incoming air is redirected via ramp 22 towards exhaust outlet 16. The ramp 22 may also be referred to as “deflector”. The bottom 24 of plenum box 10 is slanted. The bottom 24 may for example have a triangular cross section. In the example shown the bottom 24 has the shape of a pyramid.
Water may be present in plenum box 10 due to condensation. The condensation droplets will accumulate at the lowest point of the slanted bottom 24 of plenum box 10. The lowest point of bottom 10 is provided with a drain 26 to remove water from box 10. Upper part 14 of plenum box may in addition be provided with drip catchers 28.
At least one temperature sensor (not shown) is provided to measure the temperature of the air taken in by cooling units 6. For example, if cooling units 6 take in air outside the data centre building 2, the temperature sensor is arranged to measure the temperature of the outside air. In a currently preferred embodiment, the cooling units 6 take in ambient air from inside data centre 2, which is preferably provided by an inlet in a wall of the data centre. In this preferred embodiment, at least one temperature sensor is provided in the data centre building 2 to measure the temperature of the ambient air inside building 2. Preferably, the temperature of the air outside building 2 is also measured. In the exemplary embodiment of the figures, the building is provided with a temperature sensor for every three server modules 4.
The plenum box 10 is further provided with a controller (not shown) operatively connected to the first closing means 18 and second closing means 20a, 20b for controlling said closing means. The controller is further operatively connected to the temperature sensors. The controller is arranged to control the closing means on the basis of the measured temperature. Optionally, the controller is connected to a display and arranged to display the current ambient air temperature.
In a neutral mode, also referred to as fail save mode, recirculation valves 18 are substantially completely closed and the exhaust valves 20a, 20b are substantially completely open.
The controller switches from the neutral mode to a modulating control mode if the temperature in data centre building 2 is below 10 degrees Celsius for a first predetermined time period and the temperature outside building 2 is below 13 degrees Celsius for a second predetermined time period.
In the modulating control mode, the controller controls the recirculation valves 18 and the exhaust valves of the plenum box 10 according to a PID control scheme to maintain a substantially constant temperature in building 2, preferably between about 10 - 12 degrees Celsius. If the recirculation valves 18 of box 10 are fully open and the temperature in building 2 stays below the set temperature during a predetermined time period, the exhaust valve 20a, 20b is closed in a modulating manner. The controller may preferably generate a notification message “exhaust valve closed”. When the degree the recirculation valves 18 are closed exceeds a predetermined limit, the exhaust valve 20a, 20b is opened again.
Preferably, the temperature in building 2 is measured using multiple sensors. Providing multiple temperature sensor has the advantage that an average temperature in the building 2 can be obtained.
Multiple plenum boxes 10 may be provided. The temperature within data centre building 2 may vary locally, as one server module 4 may dissipate more heat than another server module 4.
The controller mav he arramrpH to take into account these temneratnre variations For examnle. each temperature sensor measures the temperature of ambient air near a set of three server modules 4 and the controller is arranged to control the associated plenum boxes 10 for these three server modules 4 on the basis of the measured temperature.
The present invention is by no means limited to the above described preferred embodiments thereof. The rights sought are defined by the following claims within the scope of which many modifications can be envisaged.

Claims (11)

1. Datacenter, omvattende: - ten minste één servermodule omvattende een computerserver, waarin elke servermodule een koeleenheid omvat voor het koelen van de servermodule, waarin de koeleenheid een uitlaat heeft voor het afvoeren van warme lucht; - een plenum omvattende: o een inlaat die is verbonden met de uitlaat van de koeleenheid voor het in het plenum voeren van warme lucht van de koeleenheid; o een eerste uitlaat ingericht om lucht af te voeren van het plenum uit het datacenter; o een tweede uitlaat ingericht om lucht af te voeren van het plenum naar de binnenzijde van het datacenter; waarin de eerste uitlaat een eerste afsluitmiddel omvat voor het openen en sluiten van de eerste uitlaat en de tweede uitlaat een tweede afsluitmiddel omvat voor het openen en sluiten van de tweede uitlaat; - een eerste temperatuursensor ingericht om de temperatuur in het datacenter te meten; - een regelaar die werkzaam verbonden is met het eerste afsluitmiddel, het tweede afsluitmiddel en de eerste temperatuursensor, waarin de regelaar is ingericht om het eerste afsluitmiddel en het tweede afsluitmiddel aan te sturen op basis van de temperatuur gemeten door de eerste temperatuursensor.A data center comprising: - at least one server module comprising a computer server, wherein each server module comprises a cooling unit for cooling the server module, wherein the cooling unit has an outlet for discharging hot air; a plenum comprising: an inlet connected to the outlet of the cooling unit for introducing hot air from the cooling unit into the plenum; o a first outlet adapted to discharge air from the plenum from the data center; o a second outlet adapted to discharge air from the plenum to the inside of the data center; wherein the first outlet comprises a first closing means for opening and closing the first outlet and the second outlet comprises a second closing means for opening and closing the second outlet; - a first temperature sensor adapted to measure the temperature in the data center; - a controller operatively connected to the first shut-off means, the second shut-off means and the first temperature sensor, wherein the controller is adapted to control the first shut-off means and the second shut-off means on the basis of the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor. 2. Datacenter volgens conclusie 1, waarin de regelaar een recirculatie-configuratie heeft waarin de regelaar is ingericht om het tweede afsluitmiddel ten minste deels te openen en om het eerste afsluitmiddel en/of het tweede afsluitmiddel modulerend te regelen voor het op een voorafbepaalde regeltemperatuur houden van de lucht in het datacentrum.A data center according to claim 1, wherein the controller has a recirculation configuration in which the controller is arranged to at least partially open the second closing means and to modulate the first closing means and / or the second closing means for keeping at a predetermined control temperature of the air in the data center. 3. Datacenter volgens conclusie, waarin in de recirculatie-configuratie de regelaar ingericht is om het eerste afsluitmiddel modulerend te sluiten als de temperatuur gemeten door de eerste temperatuursensor gedurende een voorafbepaalde tijd lager is dan de voor afbepaalde regeltemperatuur.The data center according to claim 1, wherein in the recirculation configuration the controller is adapted to modulate the first closing means if the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor is lower than the predetermined control temperature for a predetermined time. 4. Datacenter volgens conclusie 3, waarin in de recirculatie-configuratie de regelaar verder is ingericht om het eerste afsluitmiddel weer te openen indien de mate waarin het tweede afsluitmiddel gesloten is een bepaalde drempelwaarde overschrijdt.The data center according to claim 3, wherein in the recirculation configuration the controller is further adapted to reopen the first closing means if the degree to which the second closing means is closed exceeds a certain threshold value. 5. Datacenter volgens één van de conclusies 2-4, waarin de regelaar schakelbaar is tussen de recirculatie-configuratie en een neutrale configuratie, waarin de regelaar het eerste afsluitmiddel instelt in een open toestand en het tweede afsluitmiddel instelt in een gesloten toestand.The data center according to any of claims 2-4, wherein the controller is switchable between the recirculation configuration and a neutral configuration, wherein the controller sets the first shut-off means in an open state and sets the second shut-off means in a closed state. 6. Datacenter volgens conclusie 5, verder omvattende een tweede temperatuursensor ingericht om de temperatuur buiten het datacenter te meten, waarin de regelaar is ingericht om naar de recirculatie-configuratie te schakelen indien de temperatuur gemeten door de eerste temperatuursensor lager is dan een eerste onderste temperatuurgrens gedurende een eerste voorafbepaalde tijd en de temperatuur gemeten door de tweede temperatuursensor lager is dan een tweede onderste temperatuurgrens gedurende een tweede voorafbepaalde tijd.The data center of claim 5, further comprising a second temperature sensor adapted to measure the temperature outside the data center, wherein the controller is adapted to switch to the recirculation configuration if the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor is lower than a first lower temperature limit during a first predetermined time and the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor is lower than a second lower temperature limit during a second predetermined time. 7. Datacenter volgens conclusie 6, waarin de regelaar verder is ingericht om naar de neutral configuratie te schakelen als de temperatuur gemeten door de eerste temperatuursensor een eerste bovenste temperatuurgrens gedurende een derde voor afbepaalde tijd overschrijdt en de temperatuur gemeten door de tweede temperatuur sensor een tweede bovenste temperatuurgrens gedurende een vierde voorafbepaalde tijd overschrijdt.The data center of claim 6, wherein the controller is further adapted to switch to the neutral configuration if the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor exceeds a first upper temperature limit during a third predetermined time and the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor a second upper temperature limit for a fourth predetermined time. 8. Datacenter volgens conclusie 6 of 7, waarin de eerste onderste temperatuurgrens, de tweede onderste temperatuurgrens, de eerste bovenste temperatuurgrens, de tweede bovenste temperatuurgrens, de eerste voor afbepaalde tijd, de tweede voorafbepaalde tijd, de derde voorafbepaalde tijd en/of de vierde voorafbepaalde tijd instelbaar zijn.A data center according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the first lower temperature limit, the second lower temperature limit, the first upper temperature limit, the second upper temperature limit, the first predetermined time, the second predetermined time, the third predetermined time and / or the fourth predetermined time. 9. Datacenter volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarin het plenum een waterafvoer omvat voor het afvoer van water uit het plenum.A data center according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plenum comprises a water drain for draining water from the plenum. 10. Datacenter volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarin het plenum een druppelvanger omvat.The data center according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the plenum comprises a drip catcher. 11. Werkwijze voor het regelen van de temperatuur in een datacenter dat ten minste één servermodule met een computerserver omvat, de werkwijze omvattende: - het koelen van de ten minste ene servermodule met een koeleenheid; - het afvoeren van warme lucht van de koeleenheid naar een inlaat van een plenum, het plenum omvattende een eerste uitlaat voor de afvoer van lucht van het plenum naar de buitenzijde van het datacenter en een tweede afvoer voor het afvoeren van lucht van het plenum naar de binnenzijde van het datacenter, waarin de eerste uitlaat een eerste afsluitmiddel omvat voor het openen en sluiten van de eerste uitlaat en de tweede uitlaat een tweede afsluitmiddel omvat voor het openen en sluiten van de tweede uitlaat; - het meten van de temperatuur in het datacenter; en - het met een regelaar aansturen van het eerste afsluitmiddel en het tweede afsluitmiddel op basis van de gemeten temperatuur om de temperatuur in het datacenter te regelen.A method for controlling the temperature in a data center comprising at least one server module with a computer server, the method comprising: - cooling the at least one server module with a cooling unit; - discharging hot air from the cooling unit to an inlet of a plenum, the plenum comprising a first outlet for discharging air from the plenum to the outside of the data center and a second outlet for discharging air from the plenum to the inside of the data center, wherein the first outlet comprises a first closing means for opening and closing the first outlet and the second outlet comprises a second closing means for opening and closing the second outlet; - measuring the temperature in the data center; and - controlling the first closing means and the second closing means with a controller on the basis of the measured temperature to control the temperature in the data center.
NL2014434A 2015-03-10 2015-03-10 Data centre and method for controlling the temperature in a data centre. NL2014434B1 (en)

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Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090151910A1 (en) * 2007-12-17 2009-06-18 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Combination rack system for discharging hot air separately, and system and method for cooling data center using the combination rack system
WO2012109209A1 (en) * 2011-02-07 2012-08-16 Dell Products L.P. System and method for a modular fluid handling system with modes in a modular data center
US20130244563A1 (en) * 2009-07-09 2013-09-19 Yahoo! Inc. Integrated building based air handler for server farm cooling system
US20140038510A1 (en) * 2012-07-31 2014-02-06 Dell Products L.P. System and method for directing exhaust from a modular data center

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090151910A1 (en) * 2007-12-17 2009-06-18 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Combination rack system for discharging hot air separately, and system and method for cooling data center using the combination rack system
US20130244563A1 (en) * 2009-07-09 2013-09-19 Yahoo! Inc. Integrated building based air handler for server farm cooling system
WO2012109209A1 (en) * 2011-02-07 2012-08-16 Dell Products L.P. System and method for a modular fluid handling system with modes in a modular data center
US20140038510A1 (en) * 2012-07-31 2014-02-06 Dell Products L.P. System and method for directing exhaust from a modular data center

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