MXPA95001696A - Gas liquid contact apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gas-liquid contact apparatus in which spraying nozzles are adapted to spray the slurry solution upwards in a tower body through which the gas passes, wherein a part of The inlet for liquids of said spray nozzle is bell-shaped having a radius of curvature of 0.2 times or more the diameter of the liquid discharge port of said spray nozzle

Description

GAS-LIQUID CONTACT APPARATUS * FIELD OF THE INVENTION AND EXHIBITION OF THE RELATED ART The present invention relates to a gas-liquid contact apparatus, used to desulfurize the exhaust gas, of the wet type, or the like and, more particularly, to a contact apparatus of gas-liquid that improves the wear resistance of spray nozzles without using ma¬ * expensive materials and achieves high reliability and greater economy. Also, the present invention relates to a ceramic structure for the support of nozzles in a gas-liquid contact apparatus and, more particularly, to a ceramic structure for the nozzle holder, which is suitable for supporting a ceramic nozzle for? F? spraying an absorbent aqueous paste, which is used in an absorption tower, of the spray type, for a desulphurizer of the exhaust gas, and sufficiently resist the load due to the reaction caused by the sprayed aqueous paste and protect a ceramic nozzle, which is vulnerable to shocks, against the damage resulting from these shocks. In recent years, the gas desulfurizers of Exhaust, of the wet type, has been widely employed, wherein the absorbent aqueous paste absorbs the sulfur dioxide from the exhaust gas to remove it. In the desulfurizer of this type, it is important to efficiently carry the absorbent aqueous paste in contact with the exhaust gas. For this reason, the applicant has proposed a gas-liquid contact apparatus which achieves an improved gas-liquid contact efficiency, the reduced volume required and the construction simplified by the configuration of the apparatus so that the aqueous paste solution be pulverized * upwards in the body of the tower in which the gas flows, as described in the Japanese Provisional Utility Model Publication No. 59-53828 (No. 53828/1984). Figure 8 shows a traditional exhaust gas desulfurizer (main portion only) using this apparatus gas-liquid contact. This exhaust gas desulphurizer is formed at the bottom of an absorption tower 1. The flul exhaust gas desulfurizer includes a tank 2 to which the absorbent aqueous paste S, composed of, for example, limestone, is supplied to the exhaust gas. It supplies from a supply system thereof (not shown), a circulation pump 4, which sends the aqueous paste from tank 2 to a body 3 of the tower, formed in the upper part of absorption tower 1, for bring this aqueous paste in contact with the exhaust gas, and a stirrer 7, which is supported on the roof of the tank 2 by means of a rotation shaft 5, and which rotates inside the pulp W aqueous by a motor 6. The conduits, 8 and 9, which constitute an inlet or an outlet for the exhaust gas, are provided in the upper part of the body 3 of the absorption tower 1 and the upper end of the tank 2, respectively, so that the exhaust gas flows into the body 3 of the tower through the space above the liquid surface of the tank 2. A manifold tube 10, connected to the side of fl. the circulation pump 4 is placed in the body 3 of the tower. In this manifold tube 10, a plurality of spray nozzles 11 are formed to spray the absorbent aqueous paste S upwards in a liquid column form. This supplies a contact device gas-liquid in which the absorbent aqueous paste S is efficiently brought into contact with the exhaust gas. Although several manifold tubes 10 are supplied in the gas-liquid contact apparatus for the aforementioned desulfurizer, these tubes are not always disposed therein. plane. The liquid inlet portion of the conventional spray nozzle is of a configuration having a sharp corner. In addition, when the liquid column of the absorbent aqueous paste S has a height of no more than 1 m and the gypsum in the absorbent aqueous paste has a concentration not greater than 15%, the PRF (fiber reinforced plastic) is used as the material for the conventional spray nozzle 11. With more severe conditions, a metal material having a high hardness and wear resistance or a ceramic material, such as the alumina, zirconia, tungsten carbide or silicon carbide. In this apparatus, the untreated exhaust gas is introduced through, for example, the conduit 8, for contact with the absorbent aqueous paste S, sprayed from the spray nozzles 11, by means of the circulation pump 4, to absorb and remove the sulfur dioxide gas in the untreated exhaust gas and discharge it through the conduit 9 as treated exhaust gas. The absorbent aqueous paste S, which is sprayed from the spray nozzles 11 and flows downwardly while absorbing the sulfur dioxide gas, comes in contact with many of the bubbles produced by the air supply element (not shown) , while it is stirred by agitator 7 in tank 2 and oxidized, and comes out as gypsum (by-product). At this time, the absorbent paste S sprayed from the spray nozzles 11 is urged upward in the shape of a column of liquid, disperses at the top of the discharge tube and falls. The falling absorbent aqueous paste S and the pulsed absorbent aqueous pulp S collide with each other to form fine particles. Therefore, this absorption tower has a large gas-liquid contact area f * per unit volume, although it has a simple construction, as compared to the filling type absorption tower. Likewise, the exhaust gas is effectively captured in the flow by the impulse of the absorbent aqueous paste S in the vicinity of the nozzle, so that the absorbent aqueous paste and the exhaust gas are efficiently mixed, which results in an elevated gas-liquid contact efficiency. This supplies a simple, low volume absorption tower 1, which purifies the gas from * exhaust with high efficiency of SO2 removal • In addition, the height of the liquid column of the absorbent aqueous pulp S sprayed from the spray nozzles 11 can be adjusted by adjusting the discharge pressure of the circulation pump 4. Therefore, the contact efficiency of the gas-liquid and in turn the efficiency of SO2 removal, can be effectively changed. ^ r In the conventional gas-liquid contact apparatus, described above, the cost of the material, The cost of manufacture and cost of assembling the spray nozzles 11, to prevent the reduction in reliability due to wear, etc., depending on the conditions, such as the higher column height of the absorbent aqueous paste S or a high concentration of gypsum in the same S, they are very high, which damages the economy. When the liquid column of the absorbent aqueous paste S has a height exceeding 1 meter or the gypsum in the absorbent aqueous paste S has a concentration exceeding 15%, a costly material, such as a metallic material, is normally used. It has a high hardness and resistance to wear, or a ceramic material, which results in a high cost of material and manufacturing. Especially, when resistance to corrosion is required, a ceramic material must be used and a special attached structure is necessary to ensure impact resistance. In the desulfurizer for a boiler that burns coal, etc. , solid materials, such as calcium sulfite, calcium sulfate (gypsum), and fly ash (coal ash) from the reaction product and particles sand in the coal, they exist in the absorbent aqueous paste S in the regular operation. These solid materials pass through the spray nozzle 11 more violently when? F the height of the liquid column is higher. Therefore, fiber reinforced plastic (PRF), which has a low wear resistance, is consumed in a short period of time. Also, in the desulphurizer for a boiler that burns coal, etc., there are chlorine ions in the absorbent aqueous paste S, so that corrosion, such as chopping or attack of the deposits, occurs in the steels stainless, depending on the concentration of the chlorine ions. As a material that resists such corrosion, nickel-based or titanium-based alloys are available, but these alloys are expensive, although they have a lower hardness and poorer wear resistance than stainless steels. When high resistance to wear and corrosion is required, ceramics have commonly been used as the material for the spray nozzle 11. However, these ceramics are difficult to mold, so their manufacturing cost is high. Also, the ceramics have a poor resistance to shocks and are heavy, so that they break easily when the spray nozzle 11 is attached to the tube 10 of the collector. Likewise, the ceramic spray nozzles must have a special structure, so that the shocks are not transmitted to the support structure of the spray nozzle. Therefore, a first object of this * invention is to provide a gas-liquid contact apparatus, having spray nozzles that are high wear resistance, high corrosion resistance and high shock resistance, light weight, inexpensive and that achieve a high reliability and greater economy. Recently, in the discharge of exhaust gas from a thermal electric power plant or similar, a The exhaust gas desulphurizer is installed to prevent environmental contamination, by removing the S02 from the exhaust gas. In the conventional exhaust gas desulfurizer, an SO2 absorbent, such as an aqueous lime slurry, is allowed to flow down into an absorption tower, which is filled with a filler, such as grains of sand, and the exhaust gas is introduced into the absorption tower, so as to flow in the countercurrent direction or in the concurrent direction with respect to the lime slurry. The SO2 gas within the exhaust gas is dissolved in the aqueous lime slurry to form SO2 ions which react with the calcium ions in the lime slurry to provide the CaS4. By removing this CaS? 4, SO2 is also removed in the exhaust gas. However, in the conventional exhaust gas desulfurizer, described above, the supplied CaS 4, often is deposited on the filler, such as sand grains, in the absorption tower. For this reason, the absorption capacity of the absorber decreases and the resistance to the flow of the escaping gas increases, which results in a decrease in the performance of the desulfurizer. The removal of CaS04 produced from the filling, requires a lot of time and labor. Therefore, there is a demand to develop a gas-liquid contact apparatus for the absorbent aqueous paste and the exhaust gas instead of the fill-type absorption tower, which is filled with sand or other # stuffed In order to provide such a spray type absorption tower, the following problems must be solved. First, the nozzle for the aqueous spray-absorbent paste should be made of a material having a high wear resistance, because this absorbent aqueous paste is highly abrasive. A nozzle made of a metal, such as steel, stainless steel or aluminum, wears out * excessively, so that it is difficult to use in practice. It is necessary to manufacture a nozzle by the use of hard ceramic material, which is less prone to wear, such as high purity alumina, zirconia, silicon carbide and tungsten carbide. 15 Second, a support structure must be developed to support the ceramic nozzle. The ceramic nozzle has a drawback of being vulnerable to shocks. That is, when subjected to a shock, this ceramic nozzle breaks easily, so it can not be fixed directly by a metallic element or other elements made of a highly rigid material. Therefore, the support structure of the ceramic nozzle must have a construction that resists the reaction caused by the sprayed aqueous paste and the weight of the nozzle itself, and also protect the body from the collision nozzle.

Likewise, in the spray type absorption tower of the * Exhaust gas desulphurizer, large quantities of aqueous slurry, for example an aqueous limestone slurry of 60 tons per hour per nozzle, must be sprayed. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a support structure so that the ceramic nozzle can spray large quantities of the limestone aqueous slurry. However, the support structure for such a ceramic nozzle has so far not been proposed or used * in practice. Accordingly, a second object of the present invention is to provide a support structure for a ceramic nozzle, which sufficiently resists the reaction caused by the sprayed aqueous paste and protects the ceramic nozzle, which is vulnerable to shocks, against these shocks, to prevent damage to it.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the first object of the present invention, the gas-liquid contact apparatus of the present invention, in which the spray nozzles for spraying the aqueous slurry solution upwards, are arranged in A tower body through which the gas passes, is characterized in that a portion of the liquid inlet of the spray nozzle is of a bell configuration, having a radius of curvature of 0.2 times or more the diameter »Door of the liquid discharge port of the spray nozzle. In another aspect of the present invention, the gas-liquid contact apparatus, according to the present invention, in which the spray nozzles for spraying the aqueous slurry solution upwards, are arranged in a tower body through which passes the gas, it is characterized because the material of the spray nozzle is * of polyether-urethane rubber, having a JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) hardness of 50 to 100 or a polyethylene having an average molecular weight of 1,000,000 to 4,000,000. In another aspect of the present invention, the gas-liquid contact apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the spray nozzles for spraying the aqueous slurry solution upwards are arranged in a? * Tower body to through which the gas passes, it is characterized in that an inlet portion of the liquid from the spray nozzle is of a bell configuration, having a radius of curvature of 0.2 times or more of the diameter of a discharge port of spray nozzle liquid, and the spray nozzle material is of polyether-urethane rubber having a JIS-A hardness of 50 to 100 or a polyethylene with an average molecular weight of 1., 000,000 to 4,000,000. According to the present invention, the liquid inlet portion of the spray nozzle is of a bell configuration, having a radius of curvature of 0.2 times or more of the diameter of the liquid discharge port of the spray nozzle, so as to prevent the turbulence of flow of the aqueous paste solution in the liquid inlet port and the desalting door of the spray nozzle and to inhibit the wear caused by the generation of bubbles and the wear caused by the cavitation, regardless of the material of the spray nozzle. When the material of the spray nozzle is the polyether-urethane rubber, which has a JIS-A hardness of 50 to 100 or a polyethylene having an average molecular weight of 1,000,000 to 4,000,000, a nozzle of ^ F can be produced. lightweight, cheap spray, with high wear resistance, corrosion resistance and shock resistance. The reason why the polyether-urethane rubber having a JIS-A hardness of 50 to 100 has a high resistance to wear, is probably due to the fact that this material has an energy absorption effect due to rubber elasticity, The reason why polyethylene 25 having an average molecular weight of 1,000,000 to 4,000,000 possesses a high wear resistance, should be * Probably because the material has high mechanical properties and high resistance to friction. According to the present invention, because the liquid inlet portion of the spray nozzle has a bell configuration, with a radius of curvature R of 0.2 times or more of the diameter of the liquid discharge port, the turbulence of the flow of the aqueous paste solution in the liquid inlet port and the discharge port of the spray nozzle, r * and the wear caused by the generation of bubbles and the wear caused by cavitation, are inhibited, regardless of the material of the spray nozzle. Therefore, even when a lightweight, inexpensive material is used, with high impact resistance, such as the PRF, the wear resistance can be assured, and the economy and reliability of the gas-liquid contact apparatus and the desulphurizer in turn, can be improved. When the material of the spray nozzle is the polyether-urethane rubber having a JIS-A hardness of 50 to 100 or an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, having an average molecular weight of 1,000,000 to 4,000,000, is supplied with a lightweight, inexpensive spray nozzle, with a high resistance to corrosion and resistance to shocks, due to the characteristics of the material itself. At the same time, the high wear resistance # It can be obtained. Therefore, the spray nozzle used in the present invention has a simple support structure (which can be directly attached) and is easy to install and mold, has a reliability as high as that of the ceramic spray nozzle, in terms of wear resistance and corrosion resistance, which results in greater economy and significantly improved reliability of the gas-liquid contactor apparatus. To achieve the second object of the present invention, the support structure of the ceramic nozzle, according to the present invention, comprises: (A) a ceramic nozzle having a flange portion on the external peripheral surface of the body from the mouthpiece; (B) a tightening flange, which includes a flange body having an opening greater than the external configuration of the ^ nozzle body and a central cylindrical portion, extending in substantially concentric fashion with the the nozzle body from the lower surface of the flange body, this tightening flange has holes in the wall of its central cylindrical portion; (C) a support nozzle, consisting of a cylindrical body, having an internal diameter greater than the central cylindrical portion of the clamping flange and is connected to the clamping flange by bolts by means of the flange body in the upper portion of the cylindrical body; (D) an elastomeric resin, filled in a space between the nozzle and the nozzle holder, so that the external and internal part of the central cylindrical portion of the tightening flange, are integrated by means of holes through the same. The support structure of the ceramic nozzle, according to the present invention, can be applied independently of the kind of ceramic material used for the nozzle. It can be applied to nozzles formed of, for example, high purity alumina, zirconia, ailicon carbide (SiC), or tungsten carbide (WC), which are resistant to wear. As the elastomeric resin used in the present invention, the vulcanized rubber having a high shock-absorbing capacity, such as natural rubber and butyl rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber or a resin that Can be expanded, such as a polyethylene foam, can be used. In the support structure of the ceramic nozzle, according to the present invention, the combination of the flange portion provided on the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle body and the elastomeric resin, function as a retention to withstand the reaction in, the The reverse direction to the spray direction, caused by the sprayed aqueous paste, supports the ceramic nozzle, transmitting the reaction to the support nozzle by means of the tightening flange, and the direct contact between the nozzle 5 and FIG. the tightening flange or between the nozzle and the nozzle holder are prevented because an elastomeric resin is interposed between the nozzle and the tightening flange and between the nozzle and the nozzle holder. The ceramic nozzle of damage J ^ IO caused by shocks As described above, according to the present invention, direct contact between the nozzle and the tightening flange or between the nozzle and the nozzle holder is prevented, to which an elastomeric resin is interposed between the ceramic nozzle and the tightening flange.Therefore, the ceramic nozzle can be protected from coming into contact with the tightening flange or nozzle holder and, as a result, of being damaged by the formed fissures. The elastomeric resin can absorb the shocks applied to the nozzle, when the aqueous paste is sprayed, and can also absorb the shocks transmitted to the nozzle from the outside. Therefore, the support structure achieves the effect of completely protecting the nozzle from shocks to prevent damage to it. Also, i ^ ft since the flange portion provided on the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle body and the elastomeric resin functions as a retainer, the reaction caused by the sprayed aqueous paste and the weight of the nozzle itself can be supported on enough way The support structure of the ceramic nozzle, according to the present invention, can be suitably used for a spray type absorption tower for the exhaust gas desulphurizer, which, for example, sprays the aqueous limestone slurry.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a sectional side view, showing the main portion of a gas-liquid contact apparatus, according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a view illustrating the main portion jr of the exhaust gas desulfurizer, which uses a gas-liquid contact apparatus, according to a fashion of the present invention; Figure 3 is a side view, partially in section, of a ceramic nozzle support structure, in accordance with the present invention; Figure 4 is a view showing the structures Ceramic nozzle support lugs, according to the present invention, which are attached to the aqueous paste collector tube; Figure 5 is a side view, partially in section, of a tightening flange, according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a side view of a nozzle body, according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a view illustrating an example of a method of manufacturing the support structure of the ceramic nozzle; and Figure 8 is a view illustrating the main portion of an exhaust gas desulfurizer, using a conventional gas-liquid contact apparatus. f DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The gas-liquid contact apparatus and the nozzle support structure of the present invention will be described next by the explanation of the specific embodiments. One embodiment of the gas-liquid contact apparatus, in accordance with the present invention, will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, a desulfurizer using a gas-liquid contact apparatus will be described. * of a first embodiment, with reference to Figures 1 and 2. The desulphurizer of this embodiment is characterized by the configuration of its spray nozzle 20, and the other configurations are the same as those of the conventional desulphurizer shown in the Figure 8, so that the same reference numbers will be applied to the same elements, and the description of these elements will be omitted. As shown in Figure 2, a plurality of spray nozzles 20 of cylindrical configuration are arranged vertically and are joined to the top of a header tube 10 in a tower body 3. As shown in Figure 1, the portion of liquid inlet 21 on the base side of the nozzle is bell-shaped, having a radius of curvature R of 0.2 times or more the diameter d of the liquid discharge port (usually about 50 mm). In this case, the spray nozzle 20 is made of fiber reinforced plastic (PRF). In the desulfurizer, described above, the gas of Untreated exhaust is introduced, for example, through the conduit 8, it is contacted with the absorbent aqueous pulp S sprayed from the nozzles 20 by means of the circulation pump 4, to absorb and remove the sulfur dioxide gas. in the untreated exhaust gas and discharged through the conduit 9 as the treated exhaust gas, which supplies a low volume, simple absorption tower 1, which purifies the exhaust gas with the removal of the exhaust gas. SO2 as efficiently as that of the conventional desulfurizer. At this time, because the inlet portion 21 of the liquid (with reference to Figure 1) of the spray nozzle is bell-shaped, having a radius of curvature R of 0.2 times or more the diameter d of the liquid discharge door, turbulence is prevented E of the flow of the aqueous paste solution S in the j.0 inlet port of the liquid and the discharge port of the spray nozzle 20, and the wear caused by the generation of bubbles or the wear caused by the cavitation are inhibited independently of the material of the spray nozzle 20. Therefore, even if a weight material is used light, cheap, with high impact resistance, such as the PRF, the wear resistance can be assured and, the economy and reliability of the gas-liquid contact apparatus can be improved and, in turn, that of the device desulfurizer The following Table 1 lists the results of a test in which the absorbent aqueous paste S, having a gypsum concentration of 20% by weight, is sprayed from the PRF spray nozzles 20, under the condition where the flow rate in the discharge door it adjusts to 15 m / s, and the wear condition of the spray nozzle 20 was investigated after a continuous operation for six months (samples No. 2 to 8). Table 1 also lists the results of a test performed with conventional spray nozzles, with the same conditions (sample No. 1) for comparison. In this embodiment, in which the liquid inlet portion 21 of the spray nozzle is bell-shaped, with a radius of curvature R of 0.2 times or more the diameter of the liquid discharge port, there is little difference in the * depth or wear between the inlet portion of the liquid and the discharge port of the liquid, the average depth of wear being approximately 12 mm. On the other hand, the spray nozzle of conventional configuration is worn out severely in its entirety, the wear depth being approximately 15 to 16 mm. The wear is especially high in the vicinity of the inlet portion of the liquid and holes were found in * the spray nozzle with wall thickness of 20 mm. twenty Table 1 Second Mode? Next, a desulfurizing device using a gas-liquid contact apparatus of a second embodiment will be described. In the desulfurizer of this embodiment, the material of the spray nozzle 20 is the polyether-urethane rubber, which has a JIS-A hardness of 50 to 100 or an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, having an average molecular weight of 1,000,000 to 4,000,000. Other configurations of the machine are the same as those of the * 10 sulfurizer of the first modality. If the material is selected in such a way, a lightweight, inexpensive spray nozzle with a high corrosion resistance and shock resistance will be provided, due to the characteristics of the material itself. At the same time, high wear resistance can be ob- served, as shown by the test results listed in the following Table 2. Therefore, a spray nozzle is provided which * have a simple support structure (can be attached directly) and is easy to install and easy to mold, and even has a reliability as high as that of the ceramic spray nozzle in terms of wear resistance and corrosion resistance. In this way, the desulfurizer of this modality achieves effects of achieving a great economy and significantly improving its reliability.

Table 2, described below, lists the results of a test in which the absorbent aqueous paste is sprayed from the spray nozzles 20 of the previous material, with the same conditions as the test of Table 1 and the wear condition of the spray nozzle 20 were investigated after a continuous operation for six months (samples No. 1 to 10). For the polyether-urethane rubber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the wear depth was 0.2 mm or less, which shows an improvement si.gni.fi.cante in the resistance to wear. Comparing Table 2 with Table 1, it is evident that the polyether-urethane rubber having a JIS-A hardness of 50 to 100 or an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, which is an average molecular weight of 1,000,000 to 15 4,000,000, has a resistance to corrosion and and a higher shock resistance than fiber reinforced plastic (PRF). F twenty Table 2 The application of the gas-liquid contact apparatus of the present invention is not limited to an absorption tower in an exhaust gas desulphurizer, of the wet type, of the tank oxidation type, as described above, and it is evident that the apparatus can be used in various fields having a process in which there is a need to efficiently bring the gas into contact with an aqueous paste solution. Likewise, even when the apparatus is used for an absorption tower in an exhaust gas desulfurizer, of the wet type, various types of apparatus are available. For example, the apparatus can be applied to a simplified desulphurizer of a type of accumulation in piles, in which the stack and the absorption tower are integrated, to improve the economy and reliability of the same. Next, an embodiment of the support structure of the ceramic nozzle will be described, in accordance with the present invention, with reference to the drawings. Figure 3 shows the construction of the support structure of the ceramic nozzle of this embodiment, Figure 4 shows the support structures of the ceramic nozzles attached to a collector tube, Figure 5 shows the construction of a tightening flange , which is attached to a support nozzle, Figure 6 shows the construction of the nozzle and Figure 7 shows a mold, inside the M which the ceramic nozzle and the tightening flange are placed and which is filled with a elastomeric resin. The support structure of the ceramic nozzle (hereinafter simply referred to as the support structure) 13 of this embodiment is, as shown in Figure 4, attached to the collector tube A for the aqueous limestone slurry, which is disposed in an absorption tower (not shown) of the exhaust gas desulfurizer. The support structure 13 has a construction which sufficiently supports a reaction received by the nozzle, even when the sprayed limestone slurry is about 60 tons per hour for each nozzle. In this embodiment, the support structure of the ceramic nozzle 13 is a set having the nozzle 12, the support nozzle 14 attached to the collection tube A and the tightening flange 16 screwed to the support nozzle 14, as shown in Figure 3, and filled with an elastic cap between the nozzle 12 and the support nozzle 14, and between nozzle 12 and tightening flange 16. The nozzle is made of a hard ceramic material, such as high purity alumina, and comprises a nozzle body 23, substantially cylindrical, and a lower skirt portion 22, as shown in Figure 6.

The skirt portion extends downward in a tapered configuration, and an annular flange portion 24 is pro¬ * seen on the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle 12 near the boundary between the nozzle body 23 and the skirt portion 22. Although the flange portion 24 is of an annular configuration in this embodiment, the flange portion is not limited to this configuration in carrying out the present invention. For example, a plurality of projections may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the * body 23 of the nozzle, in a zone manner disseminated as the flange portion 24, or a plurality of annular flange portions may be provided. The clamping flange 16 is made of metal and has a cylindrical central portion 28 consisting of a cylindrical tube and a flange body 30 connected to the upper end of the cylindrical central portion 28, as shown in Figure 5. The flange body 30 has an opening 31 with a larger diameter than the external diameter of the nozzle body 20 Around the opening, they are provided in equal intervals holes 34 for the passage of threaded bolts 32 (reference is made to Figure 3). The central cylindrical portion 28 is at right angles to the flange body 30 and extends concentrically with the opening 31. The cylindrical wall of the central cylindrical portion 28 is provided. with a plurality of holes 25 therethrough.

M The support nozzle 14 is made of a metal. It is a cylindrical body having an internal diameter greater than the external diameter of the nozzle 12, which includes the skirt portion 22 and the external diameter of the central cylindrical portion 28 of the tightening flange 16. The support nozzle 14 is provided with threaded holes for the bolts 32 on its upper part, and its lower end is welded to the manifold tube A to bring the aqueous paste pressurized by the pump. * Í0 The clamping flange 16 is connected to the support nozzle 14 by screwing threaded bolts 32 into the threaded holes 36 by means of a packing 38, as shown in Figure 3. The space between the nozzle 12 and the nozzle 14 of support is filled with an elastomeric resin, so that the elastic cap 18 is formed to integrate the external and internal part of the central cylindrical portion 28 by F means of the holes 26 in the central cylindrical portion 28 of the tightening flange 16. The ring gap between nozzle 12 and the flange body 30 of the tightening flange 16 is also filled with the extension 19 of the elastic bushing 18. The elastomeric resin forming the elastic bushing 18 is made of vulcanized butyl rubber, as described below.

The support structure 13 is manufactured, as shown in Figure 7. By using a mold B of the same configuration as the internal configuration of the support nozzle 14, the nozzle 12 is placed in the center of the mold B. The flange 16 of tightening is lowered around the nozzle 12, so that this nozzle 12 passes concentrically through the central cylindrical portion 28 of the tightening flange 12, and is placed on the mold. Next, butyl rubber is injected into the hole * 10 between nozzle 12 and mold B, so that the gap is filled with butyl rubber, and then cured and cured. By removing the mold B, a molded assembly of the nozzle 12, the tightening flange 16 and the elastic bushing 18 can be obtained. The molded assembly thus obtained is assembled in the support nozzle 14. As shown in Figure 3, the threaded bolt 32 is screwed into the threaded hole 36 F of the support nozzle 14 by means of the bolt hole 34 of the tightening flange 16. By adjusting the tightness of the threaded bolt 32, the tension of the elastic bushing 18 can be adjusted. The elastic bushing 18 prevents direct contact of the nozzle 12 with the support nozzle 14 and the tightening flange 16, and serves to prevent the flight of the aqueous paste, providing a seal between nozzle 12 and? the support nozzle 14. In addition, the elastic bushing 18 can withstand the reaction caused by spraying the slurry in cooperation with the rim portion 24 of the nozzle 12. In the above embodiment, the support structure for the spray nozzle of the pulp has been described. Aqueous, installed in an absorption tower of an exhaust gas desulfurizer, used for a thermal power plant or other power plants. However, the present invention can be applied to a ceramic nozzle support structure, used in other apparatuses.

F

Claims (4)

1. r NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION Having described the present invention, it is considered as a novelty and, therefore, the content of the following is claimed as property: CLAIMS 1. A gas-liquid contact apparatus, in which nozzles are arranged of spraying, for spraying an aqueous slurry solution upwards, into a tower body through which the gas passes, in which a liquid inlet portion of the spray nozzle has the configuration of a bell, having a radius of curvature of 0.2 times or more of the diameter of a liquid discharge port of the spray nozzle.
2. 2. A gas-liquid contact apparatus, in which the spray nozzles are arranged, for spraying the aqueous slurry solution upwards, in a tower body through which the gas passes, in which the The spray nozzle is one of a polyether urethane rubber, which has a JIS-A hardness of 50 to 100, and a polyethylene, which has an average molecular weight of 1,000,000 to 4,000,000.
3. 3. A gas-liquid contact apparatus, in which the spray nozzles are arranged, for spraying the aqueous paste solution upwards, in a body of 25 tower through which the gas passes, in which the portion of
4. 4. The liquid inlet of the spray nozzle has a bell configuration, which has a radius of curvature of 0.2 times or more than the diameter of a liquid discharge port of the spray nozzle, and the material of the spray nozzle is one of a polyether-urethane rubber, which has a JIS-A hardness of 50 to 100 and a polyethylene, which has an average molecular weight of 1,000,000 to 4,000,000. 4. A support structure of a nozzle of Flo ceramic, this structure comprises: (A) a ceramic nozzle, having a flange portion on the outer peripheral surface of a nozzle body; (B) a tightening flange, including a flange body, having an opening greater than the external configuration of the nozzle body and a central cylindrical portion, extending substantially concentrically with the body of the nozzle, from the bottom surface of the flange body, this tightening flange has holes through it in the wall of its central cylindrical portion; (C) a support nozzle, which consists of a cylindrical body having an internal diameter greater than the central cylindrical portion of the tightening flange and connected to this tightening flange by screwing the rope. & flange to the central portion of the cylindrical body; and (D) an elastomeric resin fills the space between the nozzle and the support nozzle, so that the external and internal part of the central cylindrical portion of the tightening flange are integrated by means of the holes therethrough. ? SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A gas-liquid contact apparatus, in which spray nozzles are provided, for spraying an aqueous slurry solution upwards into a tower body, through which the gas passes, in which the portion of The liquid inlet of the spray nozzle has the configuration of a bell, which has a radius of curvature of 0.2 times or more of the diameter of the discharge port of the liquid from the spray nozzle, and the support structure of the spray nozzle. ¥ 10 the ceramic nozzle comprises: (A) a ceramic nozzle, having a flange portion on the outer peripheral surface of a nozzle body; (B) a tightening flange, including a flange body, having an opening greater than the external configuration of the 15 the nozzle body and a central cylindrical portion, which extends substantially concentrically with the nozzle body from the bottom surface of the flange body, this tightening flange has holes through it in the wall of the flange. its central cylindrical portion; (C) a support nozzle, which consists of a cylindrical body having an internal diameter greater than the central cylindrical portion of the tightening flange and connected to this tightening flange by screwing the flange body into the central portion of the body cylindrical; and (D) an elastomeric resin fills the space between the nozzle and the support nozzle, so that the external and internal part of the central cylindrical portion of the tightening flange are integrated by means of the holes a through it. 5 ?