MX2010001282A - Compositions, additives, and compounds for melt processable, foamable, and cellular fluoroploymers. - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosure provides a composition or set of compositions and method for producing cellular, foamed, or blown fluoropolymers such as perfluoropolymers and other thermoplastics to create a lower cost communications cable, conductor separator, conductor support-separator, jacketing, tape, wire insulation and in some cases a conduit tube as individual components or combined configurations that exhibit improved electrical, flammability and optical properties. Specifically, the foamable or blown perfluoropolymer cellular insulation composition comprises; talc and the selected fluoropolymers such as perfluoropolymers. Compounded pellets including inorganic and organic fillers resulting in products in cellular or foamable form with and without solid skin surfaces has also been realized by providing melt combinations within the pellets primarily comprising talc and a perfluoropolymer, and additives as needed to provide desired property differentiation.

Description

or twisted together to form a balanced transmission line, coaxial cables and fiber optic cables.

All these cables can operate in a construction network (LAN's) as separate functional cables or in a hybrid or combination cable design. ' In addition, TIA / EIA have defined standards that are published and recognized as well as industry standards projects to be published soon for telecommunications networks of commercial buildings. The 'Table 1 below, provides those; standards published and pending or to be adopted and the Bulletin ' I Technical Service "TSB" (Technical Service Bullel; tin¡ published.

Table I-TIA / EIA Standards Category ANSI / TIA / EIA-568-? · Ria 5e Telecommunications Standard Band, ISO Frequency Construction 'Commercial 2: Class D 1 to 100 MHz Component Wiring Pair Twisted Balanced; 2001 Category ANSI /TIA / EIA-568-B.2-1 Ría 6 Telecommunications Standard Band of ISO Frequency Commercial Construction Part 2: Class E 1 to 250 MHz Appendix 1: Specification of Transmission for Wiring Pairs 100 ohms Category 6; 20 02 Category Width of ANSI / TIA / EIA-568-B.2-10 6A Telecommunications Standard Band of ' ISO Frequency Class Commercial Construction Part, 2: 1 to 500 Annex 10: Specification of MHz Transmission for Wiring 4 Pairs 100 ohms Category Augmented 6; TIA Width category does not actively develop the 7 Band norm; ISO Frequency Class ISO / EIA-11801, Technology! from F 1 to 600 information Ed.- Cabling Generic MHz for Installations of Client, 2002 Each of the standards in Table 1 illustrates expanded bandwidth that allows for greater data transmission. The extension of the communication cable bandwidth •, i; improves the electrical characteristics or data bit rate based on the evolving needs of logical support or, programming, physical equipment and video transmission.

The terminology within the standards | for testing; can be defined as electrical performance within the cable as I measured by impedance, near-end and far-end crosstalk (NEXT &FEXT), ratio between the useful input signal and the level of interfering signal present at the end horizontal with an approximate length of 7.62 meters | (25 feet) long with a circumscribed tunnel. This test simulates the horizontal areas (roofs) in buildings where these cables run. J a construction. The foam-forming or foam-forming fluoropolymer products of this disclosure typically can reduce the amount of combustible materials by 30 to 60 percent, based on the extent of the foaming process within insulation, fillers and coating materials. . ¡ The products of the present description have also been developed to support the possible adoption of: a new NFPA standard referred to as NFPA 255 with the title "Cables "i, | I Limited Fuel "(Limited Combustible Cables), | with less than 50 as a maximum smoke index and NFPA 259 with the title" Heat of Combustion "(Heat of Combustion) that includes the use of an oxygen pump calorimeter that allows materials with less than 1,946 Cal / g (3500 BTU / lb). to be incorporated into wiring systems and buildings where the survival of the fire communications network is required (ie military installation such as! in the Pentagon in Washington DC).

For these applications that require, survival capacity in smoke generation and dispersion give! Flame, the cellular products of the present description can be an effective method to reduce the content of material and the load of cable fuel in these critical environments.

Table 2 provides a hierarchy of fire performance standards for North America and Europe.

Table 2 - Flammable Capacity Test Methods and Severity Level for Wire and Cable Type of Duration Output Method Cable Test Source of Ignition CombusUL2424 / NFP 8,141 KJ / kg tible A (3, 500 BTU / lb.) minutes.

Limited 259/255 / UL723 CMP Tunnel 88 kW (300 k 20 min.

Steiner BTU / hr. ) UL 910 / NFPA 262 CMR LINE OF 154kW (527 k 30 min.

BTU / HR RISE ) SERVICES UL 1666 / UL242 4 / NFPA 259 CPD Item 30kW (102 k 30 min.

, Class D burned BTU / hr. ) (20 min simple of burner) CPD IEC 30kW (102 k 20 min.

Class D 60332-3 BTU / hr. ) Modify (Iron back post after ladder (impact thermal)) CM IEC 20.5kW (70 k 20 min. 60332-3 BTU / hr. ) CMX Support 20.5kW (70 k 20 min.

Vertical BTU / hr. ) CMUC IEC Bunsen burner 1 min. 60332- (Flame of 1 / ULV -l 15 sec.) * Performance of the Cable in Fire (Levels of Severity). NFPA 255 & NFPA 259 / LC / CPD Class B1 + / UL 2424 (more severe) .NFPA 262 / NFPA 50289 / FT-6 / CPD Class Bl / UL 910 I 1 .Line of service promotion UL 1666 / FT- / CPD Classes C & B2 | .Support UL 1581 / IEC 60332-3 / FT-2 / CPD Class D 1 VW 1 / IEC 60332-1 / FT-l / CPD Class E (less severe) COMPENDIUM OF THE INVENTION In the present description, the terms "blowing agent", "blowing agent" or "foaming agent" can be used interchangeably. The term "chemical blowing agent" as used herein, refers to a type of foaming agent that can be subjected to a chemical reaction, for example, chemical degradation and / or decomposition, to generate gas, which can cause foaming. The expression agent or nucleating agents is used in materials that provide sites for the formation of cells resulting, for example, from the chemical reaction of the blowing agents or the use of gas injection.

The present disclosure provides the use of talc p talc derivatives which are natural or synthetic hydrated magnesium silicate compounds or compounds.1 Talc (derivative of Persian tale, by the Arabian talc) is; a magnesium silicate mineral compound hydrated, coh. the chemical formula H2 g3 (Si03) 4 or Mg3SiOi0 (OH) 2 · Loosely, it is the most widely used substance that is known as talcum powder. It occurs as lamellar to fibrous masses, its monoclinic crystals are as rare as almost unknown. It has a perfect basal segmentation, and the leaves are not elastic, although slightly flexible. It is sectil t or susceptible to cut into pieces, and very soft, with a hardness of 1, and can easily be scratched with fingernails.

It has a specific gravity of 2.5-2.8, a clear or dusty luster, and more translucent to opaque luster. Talc: is not soluble in water, but is slightly soluble in; dilute mineral acids. Its color is in the range of, white to gray or green and has a distinctive greasy feel. Its striped is white.

The scrapite is a metamorphic rock predominantly composed of talc and may also be used in the present description.; Talc is a metamorphic mineral that results: , the metamorphosis of magnesium minerals such as serpentine, pyroxene, amphibole, olivine, in the presence of carbon dioxide and water. This is known as carbonization of talc or steatization and produces a series of chemicals known as talc carbonates.

Talc is formed primarily by hydration and carbonization of serpentine, by the following reaction: serpentine + carbon dioxide? talc + magnesite + water Mg3Si205 (0H) + 3C02? Mg3Si Oi0 (OH) 2 + 3 gC03j + 3 H20 Talc can also be formed by a reaction between dolomite and silica, which is typical of dolomite skarns' formation by flooding silica in metamorphic contact airejolas; dolomite + silica + water? talc +. calcite + carbon dioxide CaMg (C03) 2 + 4 Si02 + H20? Mg3Si Oi0 (0H) 2 + 3 CaC03 + 3 C02 Talc can also be formed from magnesium and quartz clord in blueschist metamorphism and eclogite by the following metamorphic reaction: chlorite + quartz? chianite + talc + water In this reaction, the proportion of talc and chiajnite depends on the aluminum content with more aluminose rocks that favor the production of chianite. This typically; is associated with high pressure minerals, low temperature, < such as fengite, garnet, glaucophane within the lower blueschist facies. These rocks are typically blanchcas, friable and fibrous and are known as whiteschist .. j Talc is a tri-octahedral mineral; Its structure is similar to that of pyrophyllite, but with magnesium in the octahedral sites of the composite layers.

The present disclosure relates to natural or synthetic hydrated magnesium silicate talc. ? HE . has discovered that talc acts independently as a chemical blowing in combination with fluoropolymers, such as perfluoropolymers of the present invention, unnecessarily by additional blowing agents, foaming agents or in some cases in combination with a small amount of another blowing agent. blown. In certain cases, talc is formulated in. solid fluoropolymer granules or fluorinated polymeric foam forming granules (in the form of one or more granules) of which foamed products can be obtained by extrusion or injection molding, wherein the talc-containing granules act as a chemical blowing agent and in some cases as a nucleating agent when the granules are heated and subjected to extrusion. ',: The embodiments within this description refer to talc as a chemical blowing agent as well as a nucleating agent except when noted in another form. The use of talc in combination with the use of another chemical blowing or gas injection aglant is also included in the scope of the present disclosure.

This disclosure provides compositions, methods and systems for formulating foam-forming granules from fluorinated polymers (for example fluoropolymers: such as perfluoropolymers) and further these foam-forming granules can be extruded to create a variety of articles. foams, such as cable, communications, conductive separator, separator-support: cable / conductor, coating, tapes, tubes,; transverse shells, sheathings, wire insulation of. Less cost, as well as conductive tubes for individual components of any of these communication cables, conductor-separators, cable separators-supports, wire insulation and several combined configurations that exhibit improved electrical properties : of flammable and optical quality.

The foam-forming fluoropolymers, such as the perfluoropolymers described, advantageously allow to reduce the amount of combustible materials within a cable as well as to improve the electrical properties while still being used.

I; ' that costs are reduced. The sppl'ado, foamed or cellular fluoropolymer such as coating or filling material of perfluoropolymers can be formed using a talc nucleation / foaming agent, of which the chemical composition includes gSiOH; H2Mg3 (S1O3) 4; Mg 3 SiO 4 (OH) 2; 3 gO + 4 Si02 + H20; MgOH + H20 + SiOH; or any of its derivatives, which react synergistically with fluoropolymers (such as perfluoropolymers) at their higher elevated or extrusion operating temperatures, with or without a chemical blowing agent, such as magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate and / or a mixture of both magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate or gas blowing agent. The talc nucleation / foaming agent creates a foam ideally suited for the requirement of isolation, coating or UTP fillers Categories 6 and; 6A (ie, transverse plots, circular profiles, tubes and tapes) and is highly cost effective at approximately US $ 1.00. for .454. kg (Ib), such as: a replacement for boron nitride (nucleating agent) traditionally used that costs approximately $ 60.00 dollars j the u.u. per .454 kg (Ib). Talc, (a chemical blowing agent and which can also act as a nucleating agent), costs significantly less than $ 1.00 US dollars. by .454 (Ib) when it is purchased in larger quantities. :: The reduction in cost by changing nitrate from talc to talc is one of the main benefits of using talcum as both a nucleating agent and a foaming agent.

Another benefit of using talc is that extrusion, filler, coating and insulation was performed by a relatively simple and robust chemical reaction that! It uses different extrusion temperatures to foam to 'different ; j · proportions or percentages that are desired based on variants of talc charges. It's worth it. worth noting: > under specific extrusion conditions that are described first, below, that the talc itself "foam".

The traditional foaming of fluoropolymers, such as, I perfluoropolymers has been achieved by an extrusion process with gas injection and the use of nucleated fluoropolymers such as perfluoropolymers with boron nitride. The cost benefits of chemical foaming versus fluoropolymer gas foaming, such as perfluoropolymers, allow the high temperature extruders to work with foam fluoropolymers or perfluoropolarmers without the need to connect the barrel to a valve; sophisticated, as well as the design and use of a specialized compression spindle. The use of talc as a; aglente nucleante also works effectively with traditional gas extrusion-injection processes as a partial or complete replacement for Boron Nitride.

An added benefit of using talc that is alkali or base is that it neutralizes the hydrogen fluoride (HF) acidity that can be released during extrusion. HF is highly acidic and causes corrosion- in extrusion barrels, spindles and extrusion heads, tools and dies. Traditional metals or non-Hastéloy or Inconel surfaces can not be used to extrude fluoropolymers or perfluoropolymers under normal process conditions.

'-I; Talc use significantly reduces the acidity of the; HF, ;; · '?; thus mitigating corrosive wear on equipment, standard extrusion. ,; The introduction of talc has the benefit of being an acid scavenger (HF) when formulated into granules prior to extrusion and acts as both a nuciing agent and a foaming agent. In addition, when it is improved with the addition; of a granular fluoropolymer, such as perfluoropolymer 1C gC03 and CaC03 and Aclyn® wax (trademark of wax which is provided by Honeywéíl, U.S.A., with headquarters in Morristown, N.J.) fluoropolymers such as perfluoropolymer foaming levels are further improved. | In some cases, this carbonate foaming agent of magnesium carbonate and / or calcium carbonate can be added as a separate granule in a mixture formulated with rotating action or formulated together in a single homogeneous granule of talc (MgSiOH) and MgC03 / CaC03 / AClyn wax. The simple homogeneous granule can then be an extrusion product to form a variety of articles, such as ti · communication cables, conductive separators, wire separators-holders, wire insulation, cladding, wraps-, tapes, conduit tubes, or any combination of communication cables, conductive separators, wire separators-holders, insulation wire or fillers, for example in a simple foamed chemically extruded process for fluoropolymers or < | I. perfluoropolymers. The foaming rate or proportion of 15 percent to 50 percent can be increased or decreased, based on the percent of each constituent used as well as by adjustments in extrusion and design temperatures. of spindle.

The present disclosure provides the usol of fluoropolymers such as perfluoropolymers in any amount and in any combination. The family of fluoropolymers such as perfluoropolymers with which these formulated foaming and nucleating agents can be employed, is at least as follows: The fluoropolymers that are characterized here | are the melt processable materials for which] this description is focused: 1. Polytetrafluoroethylene-Perfluoromethylvinyl ether (MFA) 2. Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene (FEP = Fluorinated Ethyjlene Propylene) 3. Perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) 4. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) . (Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene or (poly (ethylenyl-co-tetrafluoroethylene)) (ETFE) 6. Ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) 7. Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF = Polyvinylidene Fluoride) The perfluoropolymers that are characterized herein are the melt processable materials for which. this description focuses: 1. Polytetrafluoroethylene-Perfluoromethylvinyl ether (MFA) j ' 2. Ethylene Propilen Fluorinated (FEP = Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene) 3. Perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) 4. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) It should be emphasized that the use of talc may be independent of the use of MgC03 / CaC03 / Aclyn wax or talc, may be used in any combination with MgCC > 3 / CaCO3 / wax, Aclyn to produce the desired foamed compositions. :: A variety of perfluoropolymers can be used. The perfluoropolymers described are fluoropolymer resins which can be employed and include limitation, copolymers of TFE with one or more copolymerizable monomers selected from perfluoroolefins having 3-8 carbon atoms and perfluoro (alkyl) vinyls. ) (PAVE) wherein the linear or branched alkyl group contains 1-5 carbon atoms. Preferred perfluoropolimeiros include TFE copolymers,. with at least one hexafluoropropylene unit (HFP) and one (unit): PAVE. Preferred comonomers include PAVE wherein the; Alkyl group contains 1-3 carbon atoms, especially 2-3 carbon atoms, ie perfluoro (ethyl vinyl: éjte.r) (PEVE) and perfluoro (propyl vinyl ether), (PPVE). Additional fluoropolymers that can be employed include copolymers of ethylene with TFE, optionally including minor amounts of one or more modifying comonomers such as perfluorobutyl ethylene. Representative fluoropolymers are described, for example, in the Specifications of ASTM D-2116, D-3159 and D-3307. These fluoropolymers are non-functional fluoropolymers Essentially, they do not have functional groups, but they are functional fluoropolymers. if they add functional groups, for example by grafting. In alternate or additional form, preferred fluoropolymers are non-elastomeric, as opposed to elastomeric.

Functionalized fluoropolymers include fluoropolymers such as those described in the preceding paragraph and additionally contain copolymerized units derived from functional monomers. If the concentration of functional monomer is a sufficiently large concentration of the TFE copolymer, however, no other comonomer may be required. Usually, but not necessarily, the functional groups introduced by these monomers are at the ends of secondary groups. Functional monomers 1 which introduce secondary groups having this functionality, can have the general formula CYZ where Y is H or F and Z contain a functional group. Preferably, each Y is F and -Z is -Rf -X, where Rf is a fluorinated di-radical and X is a functional group that can contain CH2 groups. Preferably, Rf is a linear or branched perfluoroalkoxy having 2-20 carbon atoms, such that the functional comonomer is fluorinated vinyl ether. Examples of these fluorovinyl ethers include CF 2 CF [OCF 2 CF (CF 3)] m -.- 0 - (CF 2) n CH 2 OH as described in US Pat. No. 4, 982, 009 and the alcoholic ester CF2 -CF [0CF2 CF (CF3)] m - 0-- (CF2) n - (CH2) p -0-C0R as described in the patent of about 5 weight percent of the composition] which forms foam. In other cases, the foaming agent is present in a concentration range of about 0.1 percent to about 0.2 percent by weight of the foaming composition. | In some embodiments, at least one magnesium silicate compound includes talc or any talc derivative.

In some embodiments, a magnesium silicate compound at least comprises a magnesium silicate compound at least hydrated. J: In some embodiments, the magnesium silicate compound as a minimum is present in a range of concentration up to about 50 weight percent of the foaming composition. For example, | at least the magnesium silicate compound may be present in the concentration range of from about 2 percent to about 50 percent of the foam-forming composition In some embodiments, the magnesium silicate compound at least is present in a concentration intervalation of up to about 20 weight percent of the foaming composition. For example, the magnesium silicate compound can be present in at least a concentration range of about 0.2 percent to about 20 percent by weight of the foaming composition. In some cases, the magnesium silicate compound may be present at least in a concentration range from about 0.5 percent to about 20 percent by weight of the foaming composition, for example in a range; from about 2 percent concentration to about 20 percent by weight of the foaming composition. In addition, in some embodiments, the magnesium silicate compound at least is present in a concentration range of about 15 percent to about 20 percent by weight of the composition! which forms foam. , I In some embodiments, the magnesium silicate compound is present at least at a concentration greater than about 30 weight percent: of the foam-forming composition. For example, a minimum magnesium silicate compound can be present in a concentration range of about 30 percent to about 50 percent by weight of the foam composition.

In a particular embodiment, the magnesium silicate compound at least comprises about 7.5 weight percent of the foam-forming composition. In some embodiments, the foaming agent comprises a magnesium comprising about 1 percent, by weight of the foaming composition.

In some embodiments, the foam agent comprising calcium carbonate and a silicate compound! of magnesium at least and the calcium carbonate is present in a sufficient weight percent of the foaming composition, such that the foaming composition is capable of being processed to form a foamed article. A variety of fluoropolymers can be employed in the above-foaming composition. In some caisos, the fluoropolymer may be a perfluoropolymer. A: Example mining, the fluoropolymer may be any of MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, ETFE, ECTFE, PVDF, and / or combination of any two or more of these fluoropolymers. In some cases where the fluoropolymer is a perfluoropolymer, the perfluoropolymer may be without limitation any of MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE and / or combinations of two or more of these perfluoropolymers.

In some embodiments, the foaming composition is in the form of one or more granules and the granules are capable of being processed to form a foamed article. In some cases, the foamed article may be able to meet specific jhumo generation and flammable quality requirements as defined by UL 910, UL 242! 4, NFPA 262, 259, 255 and EN 50266-2-x, and / or Class B test specifications.

In some cases, the foamed article may comprise foamed cells having diameters in a range of about 0.0127 to 0.762 mm (about 0.0005 to about 0.003 in). In some cases, the foamed cells may have an average diameter of approximately .0203 mm (0.0008 in). Foamed ceilings may have a closed or open cell structure. | The foaming compositions of the invention can be used to form a variety of foamed articles. Some examples include, without limitation, communication cables, conductor-separators, wire-cable separators, wire insulation, coatings, wraps, tapes, conduit tubes or any combinations of these articles. j In some embodiments, the composition that forms the foam is combined with an addition of at least | a I fluoropolymer and the combination is capable of being processed to form a foamed article.

In some embodiments, the magnesium silicate compound at least is capable of functioning both as a nucleating agent and as a foaming agent of the foaming composition having at least one fluoropolymer! wherein the magnesium silicate compound 'allows processing at a temperature of up to 16.7 degrees C' 30 degrees F) below the conventional temperatures normally required during extrusion of conventional foaming compositions having the fluoropolymer at least.

In some preferred embodiments, the foaming compliant comprises at least one fluoropolymer, talc and / or any talc derivative, and an agent. of additional foaming wherein the adicijonal foaming agent is present in a concentration range of about 0.1 percent to about 0.1% by weight of the foaming composition. In some cases, the additional foaming agent is present in a concentration range of from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent, or in a range of about 0.1 percent to about 2 | percent, by weight of the foam-forming composition.

In some embodiments, the additional foaming agent may be, for example, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate or a mixture of both magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate. In addition, talc or any talc derivative may be present in a concentration range of up to about 50 percent by weight of the foaming composition. By way of example, talc or any talc derivative / may be present in the concentration range | from about 2 percent to about 50 per cielito. In some cases, the talc or any talc derivative may be present in a concentration range of up to about 20 weight percent of the foaming composition. By way of example, talc or any talc derivative may be present in a concentration range of about 0.2 to about 20 percent, or in a concentration range of about 0.5 to about 20 / percent, or in an interval of concentration from about 2.0 to about 20 percent, or in a concentration range of about percent to about 20 percent by weight of the foaming composition. In some cases, talc or any derivative of. talc may be present in a concentration range equal to or greater than approximately percent, for example in a range of approximately i · percent to about 50 percent by weight of the foaming composition. · In one embodiment, the talc or the talc derivative is present in a concentration of about 7.5 weight percent of the foaming composition. In another embodiment, the talc or any talc derivative is present in a concentration of about 6 weight percent of the foaming composition and the magnesium silicate agent. at least dispersed in the molten fluoropolymer, and a foaming agent dispersed in the molten fluoropolymer; wherein the elevated temperature is sufficient to activate the foaming agent and wherein the foaming agent is present in a concentration range of 1. approximately 0.1 per. one hundred to about 10 weight percent of the foaming composition.

In some modalities, the 'elevated temperature may be greater than. approximately 171.1 degrees C (340 degrees F) and for fluoropolymers of lower melting point, the temperature will rise often is in a. range from about 221.1 degrees C to about 276.7 degrees C (about '30 degrees F to about 530: degrees F, for example in a range of about · 25 J 4 to 276.7 degrees C (about 490 to about 530 degrees F). ' ¡· In some embodiments, the elevated temperature for activating the foaming agent is greater than about 273.9 degrees C (525 degrees F). In other embodiments, the elevated temperature may be in one of the following ranges: in a range of about 298.9, to about 315 degrees C (about 570 to about 600 degrees F); in an interval, from approximately 315.6 ... to approximately 348.9 degrees. C of hydrated magnesium silicate. For example, the magnesium silicate compound can be talc or any talc derivative. In addition, the foaming agent may be magnesium carbonate, carbonate, calcium or a mixture of magnesium carbonate such as calcium carbonate.

In some embodiments of the foaming composition, the magnesium silicate compound as a minimum is present in a range, of concentration of; : until about 50 weight percent of the foaming composition. For example, a minimum magnesium silicate compound may be "present at an intervalo" of concentration of about 2 per centimeter! to about 5 weight percent of the composition: foaming.

In some embodiments, the magnesium silicate compound may: be present in a concentration range of up to about 20 percent. by weight of the foaming composition, for example in a concentration range of about 0.2 per cent. cent 'to about 20 percent, or in an interval! of concentration of. about 0.5 percent to about .20 percent, or in a concentration range of about 2 per minute to about 20 percent, or in a range.; of approximately- concentration. 15 by the way The HF acidity is significantly reduced, thus mitigating the corrosive wear in standard extrusion equipment.

In one embodiment, conventional temperatures are near 'or' above the melting point of at least one fluoropolymer and wherein the chemical agent functions both as a nucleating agent and as a blowing agent and adjusts as a processing aid to reduce or · Eliminate fusion fracture during processing of at least one fluoropolymer. Granules of the compounds described above can be created at about "221.1 to 3¡48.9 degrees C (430-660 degrees F) and under certain conditions! As low as approximately 171.1 degrees C (340 degrees F) within the extruder barrel.

One modality of the present application includes, one. The first composition comprising a foaming agent comprising one or more fluoropolymers such as one or more perfluoropolymers, talc or other talc derivative (which may include | H2Mg3 (SiO3) 4; g3Si4Oi0 (OH) 2; 3MgO + 4Si02-jH20; MgOH + H20 + SiOH) which are mixed, melted and extruded in a solid granulated form for extrusion that allows blowing- or foaming with or without gas injection and with or without another, agiante of chemical foaming.

A specific embodiment includes blends of a foaming agent which. comprises granules | of perfluoropolymer (for example, about 85 weight percent of the composition) and talc (for example 15 per cent by weight of the composition) which. it is formulated together by heating to a select melting point and is subjected to extrusion in! a granulated form, rotary drum mix in granulated form for subsequent extrusion, such that the granules are placed in an extruder, heat to a selected melting point allowing the manufacture of blown or foamed insulating components. i 1 • '. 1 I A further composition may comprise exclusively utilizing a foaming agent with nucleation capabilities in a 30 percent swirling agent treated drum mix with 70 percent1 perfluoropolymer granules. · ' An additional embodiment includes a composition comprising a single perfluoropolymer or a mixture of different recycled perfluoropolymers or perfluoropolymers, wherein the perfluoropolymers. recycled comprise from 1.0-100 percent of. , the perfluoropolymers.; . ,] In another 'modality of a' composition,; an additional nucleating agent may be employed in combination with the talc in an amount of about 1 per cent. one hundred to 10 weight percent of the composition.

In another embodiment, a composition comprises talc in an amount from about 2 per cent; to either organic or inorganic additives or both, such as inorganic salts, metal oxides, silicon oxides, and silicon as well as substituted and unsubstituted fullerenes.

Also in one embodiment a composition is 'capable of meeting specific smoke generation and flammable quality requirements, as defined by the test specifications' ÜL 910, UL 2424, NFPA 262, 259, 255, and EN 50266-2-x, class B. í¡? In some cases, a twin screw or twin screw extruder can be used for melting, mixing and granulating the compositions. In more detail, in some cases, the formulation process uses a two-stage system to ensure that the foaming components *! are distributed and dispersed completely in the polymer. bse of the final compound. The first stage requires elaboration | a masterbatch mixture of the foaming agents, j The foaming agents are in the form of fine powder and a high intensity mixer, (for example Henschel type) Use to prepare the powder mix according to the specified formulation. A certain amount of resin, also in powder form, can be used in the first mixing step as a mechanism for pre-dispersing the foaming and auxiliary agents in the second extrusion formulation stage. The second stage of the compound preparation process uses an extrusion formulation system with double spindles to incorporate the master mix mixture of the foaming agent with the base resin. The design of the formulation spindle is such that there is sufficient heat and mechanical energy to completely thermally melt the base polymer and incorporate the master mix with suitable dispersion and mixed dispersion for homogeneity, but nevertheless mild enough to maintain the processing temperature | of the compound below that in which foaming can be initiated prematurely. The final compound can be extruded into strands and granules or alternatively a sub-aquatic granulation technique (in other words it is acceptable), air cooling can be employed.

'| I or water) .. i In other aspects, the invention provides a method for manufacturing a foaming composition, j which | . 'I comprises forming a mixture comprising a mixture! of magnesium silicate compound, a foaming agent and at least one base fluoropolymer using thermal and mechanical energy at a processing temperature below a temperature at which the foaming of the mixture occurs; wherein the foaming agent is present in a concentration range of about 0.1 percent, about 10 percent by weight of the mixture y; then process the mixture to form a composition that; For example, the applied energy can be any heat, pressure or any combination of heat and pressure.

In some modalities, in the previous method,; the processing of the foaming composition involves fusion processing.

In some particular embodiments, in the above method, the foaming compositions may be in .j1 a solid state or in a molten state.; j In some modalities, from the previous method,! the foaming agent is present in a range, of concentration of about 0.1 per-cent, to i ·, about 5 weight percent of the mixture. J Por • I 'example,' the. The foaming agent may be present in a concentration range of about 0.1 per cent to about 2 weight percent of the mixture. In some cases, the foaming agent may be magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate or a mixture of both magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate.

In some embodiments in the above method, at least one magnesium silicate compound comprises a magnesium silicate compound at least hydrated. For example, a magnesium silicate compound as the same may include talc or any talc derivative. In some cases, in the above method, the magnesium silicate compound is present in a range of In many embodiments,. the magnesium silicate compound is capable of functioning both as a nucleation agent and as a frothing agent of the composition "which foams, and may allow to process the composition to a . i | temperature of up to approximately 16.7. degreesj | C (approximately 30 degrees F) below the conventional temperatures normally required during extrusion; of conventional foam forming compositions having the same base fluoro-polymer. These temperatures · convencionjales. they may be slightly lower or higher than the melting point of the fluoro-polymer. The magnesium silicates compound can also act as a processing aid to reduce or eliminate de-fusion fracture.

| During fluoro-polymer processing.

In some cases, a method for producing a foaming composition with J can be combined with an additional fluoro-polymer and the combination can be processed to form a foamed article. i · I; • In one embodiment, a method for manufacturing a foamed article comprises providing a foaming composition that includes at least one fluoro-polymer,! a magnesium silicate compound such as; minimum and an agenté of I foamed, where the foaming agent is present in. a concentration range of about 0.1 percent to about 10 percent by weight of the foaming composition and processing the foaming composition to form a foamed article.

By way of example, the foamed article comprises, without limitation, 1-communications cables, conductive separators, separators-supports. cable, insulation - wire, lining, casings, tapes, duct pipes or any combination of communication cables,. separators-conductors, separators-cable supports, wire insulation.

In many embodiments, the above processing step comprises applying energy, such as heat, pressure or a combination of heat and pressure, to the composition that foams. By way of example, the processing step may include melt processing of the foaming composition.

In some cases, the foaming agent may be present in a concentration range of about 0.1 per. one hundred to about 5 weight percent of the foaming composition. For example, the foaming agent may be present. in a . interval of '! concentration of about 0.1 per cent per cent to about 2 weight percent of the foaming composition In some cases, the foaming agent may be magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate or a mixture thereof. ! of magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate. In some granules.

In some cases, in the above method, one or more fluoropolymers are added to the foaming composition. By way of example, the one or more additional fluoropolymers may be present at a concentration of about 7.5 weight percent of the composition which "foam, In other embodiments, the invention provides: a method and system for heating talcum powder and j; a selected perfluoropolymer or fluoropolymer that creates a melt blend composition, extrudes the melted composition, quenches the melted composition and. form the solid composition in. a granulated nucleation and foaming agent. ! ' Another mode includes communication cables, separators-conductors, separators-cable / conductor supports, coating, tapes, wraps,. wire insulations, duct pipes or any combination of communication cables, separators. conductors' / separators-wire supports, and wire insulation, which individually comprise the same blown and foamed composition or can. use the composition | which includes selected perfluoropolymers or fluoropolymers.

Another modality of the description includes the .usó; of a foaming core and / or the use of a hollow center core, which in both cases 'significantly reduces: the required material over the length of the finished cable.'! The effect of foaming and / or production of a separador-sóportel with one. Hollow central portion, should result in improved flammable quality of the total cable by reducing the amount: of material available as fuel for the UL 910 test, improved electrical properties for drivers | No individual optics and total cable weight reduction.

A method and system. where the composition of || j 1 blown and / or foamed perfluoropolymer, · cable, sepárajdo -support, conduit tube, insulation, coating, wrapping and / or curb line speeds, are of or I approximately 22.9 to 457.2 m / min (75 to 1500 ft / min ').

Benefits . Additional modalities include reduction of the total material mass required. ' for 'conventional' spacers, insulation and 'liner 1' which 'contribute to flame and smoke reduction'. j; Another embodiment of the description includes using this foam process, either with chemical or gas foaming, and placing the foam surface layer with both which are of the same material (for example, perfluoropolymers) in a co-extrusion. or · a second extrusion. of a non-fluoropolymer thermoplastic as a surface layer or encapsulated by | a layer of perfluoropolymer foam or solid cpmol. an insulation, coating or cable filling.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, it has been found that talc, generally known as a nucleating agent in foamed plastics, exhibits blowing agent properties without the presence of a blowing agent.

Another embodiment combines talc as a blowing agent, with one or more resins in the absence of any additional chemical blowing agent wherein the: talc comprises about .2-50 weight percent of the resin and wherein the The resulting composition is extruded; in a product.

In another embodiment, "talc is combined with a resin as a masterbatch at a percentage of up to 15 weight percent talc to resin and is product: <extrusion like a granule.

In another mode, talc is combined with | a resin recycled as a masterbatch in a percentage of up to 20 percent talc by weight to recycled resin and extrusion product as a granule.

In another modality, the resin (s) can | be perfluoropolymers as a subset of FEP fluoropolymers, MFA, perfluoropolymers PFA ·? . semicrystalline fluoropolymers ECTFE, ETFE, PVDF, and. PTFE, etc., as' pure resin, recycled resin, as a single resin or in combination with other resins.

In yet another embodiment, the extrusion product is a granule, cross-web, insulation, coating, and wire insulation.

In another embodiment, the granule prepared; which is processed as an extrusion product at a sufficiently low temperature, such that the fluoropolymer resin or resins are thermally restricted from foaming: to form, an extrusion product which can be subsequently extruded into coatings, separators, insulation, etc .

In another embodiment, the granules are extruded at a sufficiently high temperature, such that the resin is receptive to the agent, blowing talcum to generate a foamed article.

In another embodiment, the granules can optionally include a color concentrate. . .; Still in another embodiment, the fluoropolymer compositions that form. foam include fluoropolymer and perfluoropolymer materials where the percentage of recycled used is between about 1 and 10%: j percent. · Additionally, the fluoropolymer compositions that form foam also comprise one or more, organic or inorganic salts and one or more perfluoropolymers ('selectos.

In one embodiment, talqo and perfluoropolymers or one or more fluoropolymers are recycled or are virgin, and, | They are extruded and formed into granules.

Additionally the fluoropolymer compositions that form foam that provide celiac isolation Foamed are '100 percent recyclable.

In another embodiment, the fluoropolymer compositions that form foam also include at least one of organic and / or inorganic salts, oxides, metals, including zinc oxides, silica, silica oxides, substituted and / or unsubstituted fullerenes, fibrils of PTFE, ETFE fibrils, metal borates, flame retardant fibers, including PAN fibers, and small particles, and organo-clays based on montmorrilonite such as, Perkolite® in this way reducing dispersion of fl. and improving the integrity of coal waste 'when the composition is combusted.

In a further embodiment, a method for making foam-based perfluoropolymer cell-based isolation compositions includes providing a mixture of a first composition comprising; up to about 20 weight percent of a foaming agent and a second composition comprising up to 80 weight percent of one or more selected perfluoropolymers, heating the mixture to cause melting of the first and second compositions, to form a mixture fusing the compositions, extruding and cooling the molten mixture to form a plurality of granules that foam.

The foam-forming granules can be used to generate one or more 'foamed articles as required In an additional mode, 'the' stage of using granules to generate one or more. foamed articles, also comprises | using a method of injection of: gas or chemical. · In another embodiment, the manufacture of fluoropolymer compositions which. "foam" includes incorporating a second composition that includes at least one of organic or inorganic salts. ,.

In another embodiment, a mixture is provided which includes mixing in a rotating drum a granule formed with one or more fluoropolymers, carbonate. of magnesium, calcium carbonate or both magnesium carbonate carbonate calcium carbonate, together with other granules containing fluoropolymers and talc and a mixture of carbonate "of magnesium, calcium carbonate · and Aclyn wax to form a resulting frothing granule which has improved properties for making foamed articles; . Additionally, it is convenient to add a color concentrate to the above-described mixture for any of the compositions described herein; , to incorporate a color concentrate into the granules. 'An additional modality includes using -gráriulos to manufacture a first insulating cover that; it surrounds the conductor core (s) in such a manner that the insulating cover is foamed and subsequently covered with a second insulating layer which is either solid or foamed.

Another embodiment includes a process, which involves extruding a composition capable of forming a cellular foamed article in an extruder, wherein the extruder is specially designed to minimize mechanical cutting and increase heating, thereby mitigating premature foaming during the process of melting, mixing, extruding and granulating the composition, as well as mitigating the corrosion, of the extruder barrel due to passivation of acidic gums and acid that are released by the use of granules together with perfluoropolymers and fluoropolymers during the extrusion process.; Another modality 'includes. a method of | fo sea · '' ':' Fluoropolymer compositions comprising adding to an extruded melt of a base fluoropolymer resin, in. ' sequence stages-Ies, enough talcum powder. to achieve a load of < thalco in a range of about 0.5 to 20 percent] | in combination with fluoropolymer resin to form a foam-forming composition, wherein the compositions! which form 'foam se1, used for subsequent, extrusion or molding process, providing final products |; of fluoropolymer foamed and blown cellular.

Another embodiment includes compositions that are extruded or molded into desired shapes and geometries without requiring use. of granules and where the talc acts like; a chemical blowing agent and can also act as a nucleating agent, a foaming agent or both a blowing agent. nucleation and foaming during extrusion or. molding '' or any thermal processing.-. 1 Another embodiment includes a method wherein the compositions are extruded or molded into shapes, and desired geometries that require granules and where the talc acts as a chemical blowing agent and can also act as a nucleating agent, a foaming agent. , or both a nucleating agent and, foamed, during extrusion molding or any thermal processing.

Still another modality includes using ta co to neutralize the acidity of introduced hydrogen fluoride in the extruded melt and to lubricate and mitigate the corrosion in barrels, extrusion, spindles, extrusion heads, tools and dies used to generate the extruded melt.

The modality 'includes the use of talc to significantly reduce the acidity of hydrogen fluoride generated. during extrusion of the fluoropolymer compositions. , In another embodiment, a foam-forming composition is described which is suitable for forming an insulation, foamed-cellular article that reduces the foam. amount of combustible materials in 30 to 60 percent based on the extent of the foaming process and where the foam foamed insulation articulation is achieved with or without a. gas blowing agent. .

In a still further modality, the agent! Gas blowing is used in combination with the tjalco resulting in an increase in the percentage of. cellular structure within the cellular foamed insulation article. j · In a further embodiment, the production of a communications cable which has flame retardant properties comprises the steps of: providing the melt processables comprising one or more fluoropolymers, talc and magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, or both. magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate capable of forming the foamed articles; process in fusion the. granules at a predetermined temperature j that exceeds approximately 273.9 degrees C (525 degrees F) to ensure that the required temperature is reached: to foam the granules before entering an extruder, to extrude a dosed amount of molten granules around a conductor electrical advance and allow the composition to foam and expand to produce an insulated conductor with a chemically blown fluoropolymer insulation. I In another embodiment, the granules comprise perfluoropolymers and / or fluoropolymers and a blowing agent consisting essentially of talc or any talc derivative, wherein the talc or any talc derivative is a natural or synthetic hydrated magnesium silica. | In a further embodiment, the talc or any talc derivative is a chemical composition comprising magnesium hydrosilicate represented by the formula: 3MgOS i02H20, wherein S1O2 is about 63.5 weight percent, MgO is about 31.90 weight percent and - H20 is about 4.75 percent by weight and can also include other minerals that include: magnesite, chlorite, calcite, magnetite, carbonate, and dolomite. ' | I | Besides the. previous modality, the 'compositions j. Foaming forms include one or more of FEP, PFA FA, PVDF, ECTFE, ETFE, and PTFE-, and any or all of the following additives, including organic and / or inorganic salts, or metal oxides, including zinc oxides, silica, silica oxides, substituted and / or unsubstituted fullerenes, PTFE fibrils, ETFE fibrils, metal borates, flame retardant fibers including PAN fibers, and PAN particles, and organo-clays, primarily composed as talc-incorporating granules and wherein these granules have been formed when talc and fluorinated polymers form a granulated extrusion product. The granulated extrusion product (granules) is subsequently heated by extrusion, molding, etc., to form the foam, blown or cellular articles in question. These are the ones; they are known as "foam-forming" granules or fl uoropolymer compositions that foam that can. incorporate perfluoropolymers. '· I |. . . .. ·; Additionally, the granules are suitable for foaming or blowing, such that when the granules; additional one or more selected perfluoropolymers or select fl uoropolymer, in an amount of : The weight of the granules is about 7 weight percent to about 170 weight percent of the granules, to form a product; of extrusion that is an article of isolation - foamed cellular.

Another embodiment is a method for manufacturing blown or foamed perfluoropolymer foam insulation compositions, wherein a second composition. ejs; a blowing or foaming agent - which comprises 20% by weight of the first composition and -80 percent by weight of the | one or more selected perfluoropolymers heated to an appropriate melting point with homogeneous mixing, 'extrusion, cooling and' formed into granules using chemical injection methods, or 'with gas.

The perfluoropolymer compositions can | be extruded or molded into desired shapes and geometries' | ungranulated, where the talc acts as a chemical blowing agent and can also act as a nucleating agent, a foaming agent or both during extrusion or molding.

The foam-forming compositions of the invention can be used to form foamed cellular insulation articles characterized by a reduction in combustible materials by 30 to 60 percent based on the extent of the foaming process, wherein this foamed cellular insulation article It is achieved with or without a blowing agent, chemical or gas blowing agent.

Another embodiment is a method for producing a communications cable that has delaying properties, I .1 flame, comprising the steps of: mixing one or more granules formed according to the teachings of | the invention, at a temperature of when more 315.6 degrees C 'i (600 degrees F) to ensure that the point is reached: melting of the fluoropolymer and processing in fusion and the compositions of cable -a | predetermined temperatures | exceeding 273 ... EK degrees C (525 degrees F) to insure that the required temperature of the blowing agent is reached, to extrude a dosed amount of a melted composition around an electric-conductive 1 of awning, and to allow The composition is foamed and expanded to produce an insulated conductor with a chemical blowing perfluoropolymer insulation. v - · The granules may comprise about 7.5 percent by weight of the talc and about 92.5 percent by weight of the perfluoropolymer or fluoropolymer.

The granules may comprise from about 2 to about 30 percent by weight of bag; and about 70 to about 98 weight percent of the perfluoropolymer or fluoropolymer.

As noted above, the talc or talc derivative is a chemical composition of a magnesium hydrosilica.to * represented by. the formula; 3 gOSi02H20, where Si02 is 63.5 percent by weight, MgO is 31.90 percent by weight and H20 is 4.75 percent by weight and optionally, includes other minerals including magnesite, chlorite, calcite, magnetite, carbonate, and dolomite. · | The granules can be foamed or blown chemically by an extrusion process, a molding process or any process, known to employ heat and / or ; i · pressure to achieve a commercially viable cell product. . . . .

The cell product (s) include I · without limitation, 'FEP, PFA and MFA, PTFE, ETFE, ECTFE or PVDF,' the resultant foamed extrusion product which meets the requirements against fire, smoke and coating for a cable of LAN. '· | .

The cellular material can be formed by heating granules having a perfluoropolymer and a blowing agent which primarily consists of talc,. at a temperature above the temperature of. 'fusion'! ' , of the perfluoropolymer, and on the required temperature of the talc. *! : Í The cellular material is formed by heating the granules during an extrusion process.

Use 7.5%. of talcum inside of the starting resin to produce a granule, may also include the use of molybdates including ^ octa molybdate. of calcium and ammonium, - which can already be mixed and dried 'with granules or incorporated in the granules with 7.5% talc ip're-' J formulated containing granules to complete 'already s'ea a The thermal processing process of 2 stages or 1 etjapa is also an objective of the present description. In addition or ; ' i '. Separately, MgOH and MgC03 can also be used, in combination with these one- or two-stage thermal processing procedures, to improve the final thermal properties of any desired product.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:; Thus, this definition encompasses notably copolymers of one or more per (halo) fluoromonomers (for example tetrafluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoroalkyl vinyl ethers, etc.), with one or more hydrogenated comonomers (eg monomers). ethylene, propylene, vinyl ethers, acrylics, etc.), and / or homopolymers of fluorinated monomers containing hydrogen (for example vinylidene fluoride, trifluoroethylene, vinyl fluoride, etc.) and their copolymers with fluorinated and / or hydrogenated comonomers .

The fluoropolymers containing hydrogen] are preferably chosen from: Copolymers TFE and / or CTFE with ethylene, propylene or isobutylene (preferably ethylene), - with one. molar ratio of one several compound-comonomer (s j hydrogenated / per (halo) fluoromonomer (s) from 30:70 to 70,: 30, '* I' which optionally contain one or more comonomers! in I amounts from 0.1 to 30 mole percent, based on the total amount of TFE, and / or CTFE and hydrogenated comonomer (s) (see for example the US patent.

No. 3, 624, 250 and the US patent. No. 4,513,129); :: i Vinylidene fluoride polymers. (VdF), optionally | "comprise small quantities, generally comprising 0. 1 and .15, by. cent in mol, of one more common fluorinated compound (s) (see, for example, U.S. Patent Nos. 4, 524, 194 and 4, 739, 024), and optionally also includes | one or more hydrogenated comonomers; and its mixtures. ,: As used herein, a "blowing agent" comprising "primarily talcum" achieves at least the best of its talcum blowing function.In certain exemplary embodiments, in which the blowing agent primarily comprises talc, the agent The blowing agent is at least about 30 percent by weight of talcum.This is, in these embodiments, talc is at least about 30 percent by weight of all the operating materials, such as a blowing agent. in the composition in the intended extrusion or other forming operation In certain exemplary embodiments, the blowing agent is at least about 10 percent by weight of talcum., the blowing agent consists essentially of talcum powder. In certain exemplary embodiments, the blowing agent is at least about 20! percent by weight of .talk. In certain exemplary embodiments, talc is used in combination with other blowing agents, including, for example, boron nitride. and / u. other known blowing agents, as well as any of the talc derivatives. Calcium magnesium carbonate and carbonates are additional chemical blowing agents: which may be used in combination with talc or any of the talc derivatives. ' .

Results and novel features of the present invention will be more apparent, from. of j, the following drawings, detailed description of the drawings and accompanying claims. -; The present invention is directed in general foaming and foaming compositions as well as methods for their formation. In many modalities, 'e Is < tresses foaming and defoaming compositions, and at least one fluoropolymer, - a magnesium silicate compound that can. to function as well as a nucleating agent: a foaming agent and another foaming agent in a small amount, for example in a range of approximately 0.1 to about 10 weight percent of the composition. More particularly, it has been unexpectedly discovered that hydrous magnesium silicate (for example talc or: a talc derivative) can function not only as a nucleating agent but also as a foaming agent. In many embodiments, this allows only a small amount of another foaming agent to be used to provide a foaming composition that can be processed, e.g., by extrusion, to form a variety of foamed articles.

In some embodiments, the composition comprises hydroxide .silicate, de,. magnesium, commonly known as a talc and a perfluoropolymer. The proportion of talc is at or about 15 percent with the perfluoropolymer! in properly flame and smoke and generate waste integrity of. carbon, a description is provided of the use of the possible additives that can be combined to produce granules capable of being processed into foaming articles. It is also part of the present description will describe 'him. use of these fillers and / or additives, which can be added directly to the dry mix before processing, melting (not necessarily in the form of pre-processed granules.); '' ' For starters, Perkalite® is used. as. | a synergistic pyro-flame retardant in plastics í! ' Perkalite® is a unique and versatile synthetic clay organ, developed by AkzoNobel. It is also an organically modified synthetic clay based on magnesium-aluminum double-layer hydroxide (LDH = Layered Double Hydroxides), also referred to as hydrotalcite. When formulating in polymers, Perkalite® can be exfoliated at the nanoscale level, resulting in improved polymer properties such as: thermo-mechanical, pyro-retardant, barrier and rheological properties.

A unique feature of Perkalite® is. ,. its stability at a higher temperature, in comparison with other commercially available clay bodies based on montmorrilonite. Due to the low levels of addition required, Perkalite® - offers effective solutions - in cost for numerous applications including: Zero Halogen Retardant Compound Compounds: Low: Smoke -the amount of retarders: of flame flames in wires and cables' and materials of < construction can be reduced, resulting in 'better' mechanical properties;, better-processing and reaching capacities nomina-Ies', ipiro, more stringent retarders.

Other applications include; automobile tires, polypropylene storage systems, 'highly charged polymer' compounds (as a dispersion aid ') > and several general articles of polypropylene and rubber.; ' < "| · i|. < .

The preparation | of.- nanocomposites based! / On Polyolefin · Perkalite® se. understands and knows; without. embargo.'; the combine-; this. material with fluoropolymers: and / or perfluoropolymers that. form, foam. (in 'granular' form or during fusion processing), it has not been previously described. The following is representative of the processing conditions required to prepare these. compositions: - Stages. of Processing and Formulation Equipment; ': · • Effective preparation, in cost. of nanocomposites;; from Perkalite®, can be made by fusion processing bel polymer, de-matrix, Perkalite® and. a compatibiliza'nte. Nanocomposites -Perkalite® polymer, in this way 'are conveniently obtained - by formulation methods - f Well-known extrusion.

• The preferred formulation method consists. from. a two-stage preparation method: • 1) produce a masterbatch of polyolefin / Per; kalite® without compatibilizer and subsequent: • 2) is allowed to descend with the matrix polymer in the presence of a suitable compatibilizer, |, The present. description | involves replacing fluoropolymers with polyolefins | with specific materials of construction and processing conditions as described in the working examples given below.

Work through a master mix eri! In most cases, it is essential to ensure a good exfoliation of Perkalite® during the descent stage. Extrusion formulation, single-stage does not ensure the full potential of Perkalite®. The single-stage extrusion method can result in a product, where Perkalite®1 behaves like a conventional micro-filler and stan- ding leads to insufficient property improvements. ||; j 1 ' A master mix with 20 percent by weight · of Perkalite® is preferred. Other additives, 'except]: the compatibilizer, can be added to the master mix: In a second step, the masterbatch is able to lower the presence of the compatibilizer and the matrix polymer at a concentration typically in the range of 0.5-5% by weight of Perkalite. ®. How compatible, these polyolefins grafted with maleic anhydride should be used at recommended addition levels of 1-2 percent by weight (see section on Use of Compatibilizers). | J- · The master mix and final compound are best prepared in a co-rotating twin screw extruder equipped with formulation spindles, loss-in-weight feeders (LIWF), optionally. a lateral feeder, and a vacuum dome. . Extruders with 'a1' 'high proportion of length / diameter (UD) (e.g. = 40) are prefixed to ensure sufficient residence time.

Residence time: The residence time in. The extruder is considered to be of great importance to the degree of exfoliation? from 'the modified clay. It is considered that the exfoliation depends on the shear applied to the particles of Perkalite® and the kinetics of the penetration of the polymer plaques between the platelets. . Good results can be obtained with processes with an approximate average residence time of 100s during preparation of the master mix and about 200s during formulation of the master mix and the compatibilizer in the polymer.

Food Location: During production of the master mix, Perkaljite® and polymer should be introduced in the same feed location at the start of the extruder. - The Perkalité® particles undergo the optimum pressure and effort required to melt the polymer in the melting section. This can help break down the Perkalite® particles into smaller units. The particles of Perkalité® noj will be subjected to this tension when they are incorporated in the fusion by means of a lateral sensor. The, tensión 'or effort; -of dispersion transmitted to Perkalité® particles: It will be smaller than in the fusion zone .. ' Use of Vacuum Gate:. . ! Perkalité® F1O0 * > | It is slightly hygroscopic; and • contains some 'free water adsorbed between the platelets; of LDH. When formulating Perkalité® in an extruder, the. Use of a vacuum gate is required to remove moisture and to prevent voiding.

Use of Compatibilizantes: ', The beneficial effect of polyolefins - maleató, 'tome Polybond®, as a compatibilizing agent is · indisputable., 'In '' '' ·: I nanocomposites comprising Perkalité®, these products aid in the exfoliation, resulting in better final properties. . . ' · '' Suggested Compatibilizers' '' Polymer Polybond® PP-Type PP Compatibilizers 3200 MA-g-PP; , | LOPE 'Polybond® 3109 MA-g-LOPE' | However, it is described in the working examples, which are provided below.

Due to the high processing temperature of LSZH | polypropylene compounds (220-230 degrees C), typically MDH is employed as a flame retardant, which has stability at higher temperature compared to AT. For many applications (not for wires and cables) ',' the rated rating UL-941) Vo is a qualification. important or a good * · indication for the final retarding properties of the final article. · To achieve this nominal rating on polypropylene composites, typically a load of 65 'percent by weight of' MDH 'is required. As a consequence of this, the material is! It becomes very rigid, brittle and difficult to process.

Perkalited) also functions as a promoter agent for coal waste. The adition of. Perkalite® leads to a type of tumescent behavior, resulting in a thicker layer of carbon residue on the surface of the compost. The thicker carbon residue layer provides a better barrier against thermal radiation and evaporation of volatile compounds, and thus reduces |; the burning behavior. '|' | · ': LDPE and EVA are widely used in LSZH cable compounds. The main mineral retarding pyro applied in this area is ATH, typically at levels of 60-65 per cent, in; weight. The main impetus in the wire and cable industry is to reduce the level of ATH, in order to improve the processing and mechanical properties of the compounds, while maintaining the 'proper qualification' nominal piro retardant. For some applications, it is convenient to improve the nominal qualification piro, retardante to make possible new applications for, LSZH cables.

The tests give mainly knowledge of; the dispersion of flame in cablesr. On a laboratory scale, the cone calorimeter is the best tool available to obtain knowledge of the final burn behavior of the cable- (Heat Release or Discharge Rate) I. · (HRR. = Heat Relay Rate)) and (Release Speed of , í eleven Peak Heat (PHRR = Peak Heat Relay Rate)). Recently, cables have been included in the classification system under the European Construction Products Directive (CPD). 'In this new directive, cables are not only tested < in flame dispersion but also in HRR.

To illustrate . the effect of Perkalite® 'on | the Speed of Liberation. of Heat, several compounds have been made with Perkalite® and tested in the cone calorimeter. In addition to the level of addition of Perkalite®, the effect of the use of a compatibiliJante (polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride, MA-g-PE) has also been investigated. | MA-. g-PE is widely used as a compatibilizer for ATH and · fluoropolymer / perfluoropolymer that meet | the requirements for the present description. Some of the specific commercially available additives include: KEMGARD® MZM uses Zinc as ZnO and Molybdenum as Mb03: Physical composition properties include: Composition: Molybdate complex zinc / magnesium hydroxide Appearance: white powder · Specific Gravity 2.63 · Oil Absorption (gllOOg) 32.3 _, Particle Size Average (micras) 1.2 pH '9.4 Solubility (g / 100 ml) 0.016 Humidity (%) 0.80 Residue Mesh 325 (% -max) 0.05 Applications for KEMGARD® MZM can include "retardation, smoke suppression and dynamic stability in rigid PVC applications - non-perfluoropolymers or fluoropolymers." Key known benefits are: . · High Efficiency and 'Economic • Promotes Carbon Residue Formation 1 • Excellent Dynamic Stability in PVC Compound • Help Comply with the Common Fire / Smoke Tests including ASTM E84, E662,: D3843, - D2863, UL94, UL910: and NFPA 263. ··. '·', · ': -'; ·.

Suggested levels of use have been levels! of addition 8 - 15 typical phr. ': t KEMGARD® 350 uses calcium carbonate (cas 471f-34-; l) ', calcium molybdate (cas' 7789-82-): -, '·' ",; ·; Typical physical properties include: Composition: .calcio molybdate Appearance: white powder Content of 'olibdéno, 36%.

Specific Gravity 4.12 Oil Absorption (gllOOg) 17 Particle size Average (mieras) 4 · 6 · PH * 9.4 Humidity (%) 0.1.

Residue Mesh 325 (% -max),. 0.01 Specific Resistance (ohm) 9, 600 1 \ I · KEMGARD® 350 is used to retard and retard. Smoke suppression in 'insulation of wires and cables, components and coating .. It can also be used in building materials, and other applications of low smoke content with. following key benefits: ·; • High purity. .. ·. · .| '' 1 1;; • Excellent Thermal Stability • Excellent Moisture Resistance • Effective Carbon Waste Formation Compatible in both Haiogenated Systems and | Non-halogenated • Helps Comply with Common Fire / Smoke Tests' including ASTM E84, E662, 0 '' 38.43, · 0 2863, UL94, UL910 and FPA 263..

Addition levels of 3 - 10 phr are typical.

KEMGARD® 501 uses carbonate. of calcium (cas.] 471-, 34-1) and calcium molybdate (cas 7789-82-4): Typical physical properties include: Composition: Calcium molybdate complex Appearance: white powder Specific Gravity 2.9 Oil Absorption (gllOOg) 15.1 Particle Size Average (microns) 3.7 PH '' 8.9 Humidity (%), 0.15 Solubility (g / 100 ml) 0.001 | Mesh Residue 325 (% -maxj 0.01 Specific Resistance (ohm) 8,600 KEMGARD® 50.1 is used 1 for flame retardancy and smoke suppression in plastic compounds, including wire and cable coatings, sheets or rigid sheets, nylon. Firebrake® 500 has a beneficial effect | very significant in the rate of heat evolution. which is of special interest-where this factor is important, such as in aircraft applications.

The composition is given below: Analysis.' '|' Chemical: Boric Oxide: 56.20% Zinc Oxide: 43.80% Name of Product: Firebrake® 500 Grade: Everyone! " Product U.so: Piro retardant 'Chemical formula:' 2ZnO 3B203 First name chemical / synonyms: inorganic borates Chemical Family: - CAS Registry Number: 1332-07-6 Additional additives include the use of fibrils 1 of PTFE from 1 to 5 weight percent. || Such as FluoroFR® 150: with a primary average particle size of 50.miles and a primary particle size of 200 'nanometers- of Shamrock Technologies.

Polyflon FA 500C, with a primary average particle size of 500 microns and a primary particle size of 300 nanometers supplied by Daikin USA. coal, is recognized with the use of the additives and fillers-loads described above. that include nanoarcilllas, I metal molybdate and salt complexes (silicates, oxides' as well as calcium, magnesium, etc.) Modifications to the process to achieve lower average cell size1 production at 10 microns after which, the granules or other preferred fluoropoimer compositions are foamed, also it is a desirable goal to achieve: the properties of smoke, flame and Carbon waste required, and previously described. This includes modifications to coating compounds to achieve superior carbon residue integrity of the coating during, the UL910 test. '-;' : '".|' '. | · Generalidáde.s ce .Product Polybond® 3200: · '' |.

| Polybond® '32.00 is a chemically modified polyolefin. · '*; * Chemical Structure: -:. · ' . . ' 'i.

. Composition: Homopolymers:, modified; ! - l, with maleylic anhydride-polypropylene. , Features:, J j: i "Chemical coupling agent for glass, imitates,., Talc, wood and polypropylene reinforced with natural fibers giving improved physical and thermal properties." - • Compatibilizer for mixtures such as polypropylene / polyamide and polypropylene / EVOH., To 'improve processing and mechanical properties.

• Physical properties comparable to other Polyb'ond® products can be obtained using lower levels of addition Typical Physical Properties.

Properties in Polypropylene filled with Glass % Increase Properties due to addition of 'Polybond® 3200 |' '| insulating (second) 40 covers, for example, the first insulating stage 30. The second layer 40 comprises cells of cellular foam, for example the foam cells can have dimensions in. the interval of. approximately .0127 to .0 > 762 mm (0.0005 in to about 0.003 · in). While in some cases, the second layer 40 forms a fluoropolymer, for example according to the teachings: of the invention, in. other cases may be formed of a non-fluoropolymer, such as any of the known thermoplastics including entangled polyethylene, copolymers of polyethylene / polypropylene, ponyl chloride and fillers or fillers as required to stabilize these polymers in the presence of the heat required to procceed the fluoropolymers, for example when using simple or dual extrusion techniques). In some cases, the foamed compositions may be formed by using an extrusion process of cellular foaming using. a single or double or dual head extruder with the cellular foam that is formed by chemical means, gas injecting means or both gas injection and chemical means. | ' The description includes and defines the manufacture of cables, x-frames, separators of any shape or size, as well as insulation for any type of conductive and complete coating for cables and constructions fitted with cables using the compositions described above.

To further elucidate various aspects of the invention, the following working examples are provided. The examples are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily intended to present an optimal practice of the invention and / or optimum results that can be obtained by practicing the invention.

Example of. Formulation of Work 1: ', One composition includes talc (MgSiOH, 3MgO + 4Si02 + H20, gOH + H20 + SiOH) u-. another talcum / derivatives! of talc such as Mg3Si4O10 (OH) 2 is added 'sequentially' in the feeder section. with perfluoropolymer base resin; in a proportion of 15 percent to 20 percent talc. and 80 percent to 85 percent resin | perfluoropolymer. (The extrusion of the perfluoropolymer base resin is granulated into a single granule.) The temperature profile for zones 1 to 6 was as follows: 271.1, 276.7, 282.2, 293.3, 304/4 and .3¡15.6 I ° C (520, 530, 540, 560, 580 and 600 degrees F). The process temperature of this simple compound1 granule with 7.5. percent of talc and 92.5 percent of perfluoropolymer resign was kept to a minimum to ensure that premature foaming would not occur during the formation of. GRAPH The granules were extruded in a ratio of 30 to 1. in; a high temperature extruder with temperature zones,: • 273.9, 279.4, 287.8, · 304.4, 337.8 and 348.9 ° C (525, 535, 550, 580, '640 and 660 degrees F) for extrusion. 'subsequent in : profiles, insulation and coatings.

Example of Extrusion of Work Insulation 2: Foamed perfluoropolymer insulation | it was subjected to extrusion on a 24 gauge wire, using a crosshead with tip and matrix; The extruder was a high temperature device, - 3.81 -cm (1 ½ in), | ratio 30: 1. The spindle design was a 4: 1 high compression spindle. The line speeds were in a range from 121.9 to 457.2 m / min (400"to 1500 ft / min) The rpm of the spindle was from 12 to 35 rpm with pressure in the range from 105.5 to 140..6, kg / cm2 (1500 to 2000 psi) .The melting temperature was 358.9 ° C (678 ° F) .The extruder was charged, with granules containing 10 percent talc and .90 percent FEP. an insulation product that was foamed 41 percent with an average foam cell size of .001778 cm '(0.0007 in).

Extrusion Example of Work Profile 3:; A separator-support of transvejrsal weft wire was manufactured with a high temperature extruder of 3.81 cm; (1 1/2 in) using the following materials and conditions; Use of 'a cross-hatch matrix with' one high-compression spindle, one line speed 'of 45.1 m / min (148 ft / min), at a pressure of 119.5 kg / cm2 (1700 psi), with a speed of 48 RPM spindle and a melting temperature of 342.8 ° C (649 ° F) -. The extruder was charged with a master mix of granules, the granules comprising 15 percent talc and 85 percent FEP. The master mix of granules was mixed in a 50:50 ratio with 100 percent FEP. Therefore, the final mixing ratio was 50 percent of master mix granules and 50 percent of FEP. This resulted in a cross-hatch extrusion product that was 40 percent foamed with an average foamed cell size of .00152 cm (0.0006 · in).; , 'Example of Extrusion of Work Profile 4:. '., A double-helix cable separator-support · was manufactured using a 3.81 cm (1 1/2 in) extruder with the following materials and conditions: A frame separator-support was fabricated using a profile extrusion die with a high compression spindle, a speed in. line of 22.9 m / min :( 5 ft / min) at a pressure of 130 kg / cm2 (1850 psi) a speed of, spindle of 40 - RPM and a melting temperature of 341.1- ° C (646 ° F). ?? The extruder was charged with master mix granules containing 15 'percent talc and 85 percent, / FEP. This master mix was mixed with 100 percent FEP. The final mixing ratio was 70 percent master mix granules and 30 percent FEP. This resulted in a weft extrusion product that foamed 33 percent with an average foamed cell size of .001778 cm (0.0007 in).

Example of Extrusion-Work Isolation. 5: Isolation from. Perfluoropolymer foam was subjected to extrusion on 24-gauge wire when using a crosshead with a tip and matrix. The extruder was a high temperature device, 3.81 cm (1 ½ in), ratio 30: 1. The spindle design was "a 4: 1 high compression spindle." The line speeds ranged from 91.4 to 274.3 m / min (300 to 900 ft / min) .The spindle rpm was 12 rpm at 30 rpm. with pressure in the range of 105.5 to 140.6 kg / cm2 '(1500 to 2000 psi) -The melting temperature was 360 ° C (680 ° F) .The extruder was loaded with granules-containing 10 percent talcum powder and 90 percent FEP.This resulted in an insulation product that foamed 35 percent with an average foamed cell size of .001778 cm (0.0007 in).

Example of Work Formulation 1: Materials that can be used for formulation! of fusion: Talc: 7.4% PTFE Fibers (FluoroFR® 150) FEP NP102 - 57P Foaming: 91.1% (7.5% x 98.5% = 7.4% Talc) Process Sequences: They add 7.4% Talc, 1.5% FluoroFR® 150 and 91, .1% FEP 57P Foaming.

The mixture should be formulated in a stainless steel barrel and fed to a melt formulation unit, which can produce a batch of 11.35 kg (25; lb) in continuous sequence, resulting in granules capable of providing foam-forming compositions. .

Formulation Example - Work 2: Materials that can be used. for fusion formulation Talc: 5.8% Perkalite® F100: .19.5% 28 3% Polybond® 3200: "3% FEP NP102: 71.7% (7.5% 'x 77.5% = 5.8% Talc) Sequences of 'Process: .8% Talc, 19.5% Perkalite® FR100 from Polybond® 3200, and 77.5% FEP NP102 are added.

The mixture should be formulated in a stainless steel barrel and fed to a formulation: melting unit, using the lowest temperature profile, which can produce a batch of 9.08 kg (20 Ib) of finished granules capable of producing foamed articles. .

Work Example 2 is repeated, using 20% Perkalite®. . ..

Formulation Example - Work 3:. · '' .'| Materials used for formulation: Talcum: 6.8% 16.8% Perkalite® FR100 Concentrate CCG FEPFSRF-2A: 10% FEP NP102 - 57P which forms' foam: 83.2% (7.5% x 90.%: = 6.8% Talc).,. '·. . - ' | Process Sequences:. . - ' 6.8% 'of Talc, 0.10% of Perkalite® FR100I FEP concentrate and 83.2% of FEP 57P are added which foams. < HE . formulates the mixture in a stainless steel barrel and feeds the fusion formulator and uses the lowest! possible temperature profile to produce a batch of 11.35 'kg (25' Ib) of granules' capable of producing foamed articles.

The process recommendations for each of the three? first working examples are as follows (where Z2-.Z11 are the temperature zones for the fusion formulation equipment); -,; · Z2 | Z3 Z4 Z5 Z6 Z7 Z8 Z9 Z10 Zll head Temperature profile:,, 204. 4, 315.6, 315.6, · 315.6, 301.7, 301..7, '301.7, -30 | ljv7, 301.7, 301.7, 315.6 ° C -'; (400, 600/600, 600, 575, 575, 575, 575, 575, 575, 600 ° F) Formulator RPM: 110 Level of. Torque (Ámps): 17% function index should be within a range of to 30 Example, from Tr'abaj or-Formulation 4: ': Compositions of materials for fusion formulation: Talcum: 7.2% Perkalite® F100: 2% Polybond® 3200: 1% f 11.2% Aclyn wax: 1% FEP NP102 - 57P foaming: 88.8% (7.5% x 96% "= 7.2% Talcum) | Process Sequences: 7.2% of Talc, 2% are added. from. Perkalite® FIOOS / 1% Polybond® 3200, and 1% Aclyn wax, and 88.8% FEP 57P Foaming.

The mixture is prepared in a stainless steel barrel and fed to the melt formulator and uses a vacuum system with the lowest possible temperature profile to provide a batch of 11.35 kg (25 Ib) of acceptable granules capable of providing the foamed articles Example of Work Formulation 5: Compositions of materials for fusion formulation: Talcum: 7.25% · Kemgard® MZM: 3% f "ÍO.5% Aclyn wax: 0.25% FEP NP102 -. 57P foaming: 89.5% (7.5% x 96.75% = 7. 25% Talc) Process Sequences: EC to 11 ac Ej fo | ' = HE EC to 11 ca Firebrake® ZB 500: 3.0% 11.43 Aclyn wax: 0.25% FEP NP102 - 57P foaming: 88.57% (7.5% x "95 | .75¾ = 7.18 Talc). ''! Process Sequences: 7.18% of Tálco, 1.0% of Kemgard® 350, 3.0% · of Firebrake® ZB 500, _0.25% of Aclyn wax, and 88.57% of 'FEP 57P Foaming.

The mixture is formulated in a barrel. of stainless steel and fed to the melt formulator, to produce a batch of 11.35 kg (25 Ib) in a sequence, continuous of acceptable granules capable of providing the foamed articles.

Working Example 8: j.

Composition of materials that can be used for formulation with fusion: 1 | j ' Talcum: 7.14% FluoroFR® 150: 1.5% Kemgard® 350: 3.0% 11.89% Aclyn Wax 0.25% FEP NP102 - 57P foaming: 88.11% (7.5% x '95) .25% = 7.14% Talc) Process Sequences: 7.14 Talc is added, 1.5% FluoroFR® 150, 3.0% Kemgard® 350, 0.25% Aclyn wax, and '95.25% FEP 57P | Which forms foam '.

The mixture should be formulated in a stainless steel barrel and fed to the melt formulator which can provide a batch of 11.35 kg (25 Ib) in a continuous sequence to form granules. acceptable able to provide the foamed articles.

Working Example 9: Compositions of materials for formulation with fusion; Talcum: 7.16% FluoroFR® 150: 1.5%? ~ 11.66% Kemgard® 350: 3.0% FEP ??. 1? 2 57P foaming: 88.34% (7.5% x 95 - | 5% = 7.16% Talc) Process Sequences: Added 7.16% Ta-lco, 1.5% FluoroFR® 150 Kemg'atd® 350 and 88.34% FEP 57P Foaming.

The mixture is prepared in a stainless steel barrel and fed to the melt formulator, to produce batches; of 11.35 kg (25 Ib) in a continuous sequence, to form acceptable granules, capable of providing the foamed articles.

The use of process conditions (which vary from • those of the working examples 4-9) recommendations include the following: 'Z2 Z3 Z4 Z5 Z6 Z7 Z8 Z9 Z10 Zll head I 'Temperature Profile: 204. 4, 315.6, .315.6, 315.6, 301.7, 301.7, 301.7, 30 | l.7, 3.01.7, '301; 7; 315.6 ° C (400, 600, 600, 600, 575, 575, 575, 575, 575, '.575, 600 ° F) RPM. Formulator: 150 Torque level (Amps): 29% í 'Fusion index: 20 to 30'. Example of 'Work 10: ·. |, '· · Compositions of materials used for formulation with fusion: Talcum: 7.16 · FluoroFR® 150: .1.5% > 11.66% Kemgard® MZM: 3.0% FEP NP102- - 57P that forms' foam: 88.34% (7.5,%: x | 95.5% = 7.16% Talc) Process Sequences: Add 7.16%, 'of Talc, 1.5% of' FluoroFR® 150, 3.0j%: of Kemgard® MZM, and 88.34% of FEP 57P Foaming '. "ij: '· | The mixture is formulated in a stainless steel barrel and fed to the formulator with fusion that can produce lptJs; of 11.35 kg (25 Ib) in a continuous sequence to form acceptable granules capable of providing the foamed articles. . · '"'; Example of Worked 11:. . ..

Compositions of materials that are used for formulations with fusion: . 8. 65% Daikin ETFE: 91.35% Pr.oceso sequences: 3.0% Talc is added, 2.5% FluoroFR® 15.0, 2.5%! of Kemgard® MZM, '0. 0%, MgC03, · 0.25%' of Aclyn wax, and 91.35% of Daikin ETFE. .

The mixture is formulated in a barrel of stainless steel and fed to the melt formulator which can produce a batch of 11.35 kg (25 Ib) - in a continuous sequence to: form acceptable granules capable of providing the foamed articles.

Work Example 12: Compositions of materials used for formulations with fusion: ' 9. 75 PVDF 11008-003: 90.25% | Process Sequences: 4.0% Talc, 3.0% FluoroFR® 150, 2.0% Kemgard®, 350, 0.50% MgC03, 0.25% Aclyn wax, and 90.25; of PVDF 11008-003 .. ' The mixture is formulated in a stainless steel barrel and fed to the melt formulator which can produce a batch of 11.35 kg (25 Ib) in a continuous sequence to provide acceptable granules capable of providing the foamed articles. .

For the Examples. of Formulation of Work 10-12, the following conditions of process, and extrusion profiles; of temperature were used with ETFE and PVDF as the "base" polymers: i Of course it will be appreciated that the system, method, compositions and examples which are provided and which have been described, are simply given by way of illustration, and > the description is not limited to the precise modalities described herein; Various changes and modifications can be made by a person skilled in the art, without. depart from the scope or spirit of the invention as defined in the claims of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. CLAIMS 1. A 'foaming composition', characterized in that it comprises: at least one fluoropolymer; at least, a magnesium silicate compound, and; a foaming agent; wherein the foaming agent is present in a concentration range of about Q.l percent to about 10 percent by weight of; the composition that forms foam.
2. 2. The. Foaming composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the agent, > Foaming is present in a concentration range of about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of the foaming composition.
3. 3. The foam-forming composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the agent; Foaming is present in a concentration range: from about 0.1 percent to about 2 percent by weight of the foaming composition. I 4. The foaming composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the computer; Magnesium silicate at a minimum includes talc or any talc derivative. 5. The foam-forming composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the compound; at least magnesium silicate comprises a magnesium silicate compound at least hydrated. 6. . The foaming composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the foaming agent is selected from the group consisting of magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, and a mixture of both! of magnesium carbonate as calcium carbonate. 7. The foam-forming composition according to claim 1, characterized in that a composite; Magnesium silicate at least is present in a concentration range of up to about 0.5% by weight of the foam-forming composition. 8. The foaming composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least magnesium silicate composite is present; in a concentration range of from about 2 percent to about 50 percent by weight of the foaming composition. 9. The foam-forming composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite; of magnesium silicate at least is present in | a concentration range of up to about 201 weight percent of the foaming composition. 10. The composition, that. foam form according to claim 1, characterized in that the minimum magnesium silicate composite is present in | one of the 'foaming composition. 15. The foamable composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnesium silicate compound is at least present in a concentration range of about 30 percent to about 50 percent by weight of the composition that forms foam 16. The foaming composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite (magnesium silicate at least comprises about 7.5 percent by weight of the foam-forming composition). 17. The composition that forms foam. according to claim 1, characterized in that the minimum magnesium silicate composite 1 comprises approximately 6 weight percent of the foaming composition and "the foaming agent comprises approximately 0.4 per cent by weight of the foaming composition. 18. The composition forming foam confo1rmity with claim 17, characterized in that the foaming agent comprises one. mixture of magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate. · 19. The foaming composition according to claim 6, characterized in that the magnesium carbonate 1 comprises approximately. 0.3 percent: a. about 3 weight percent of the composition that foam form and calcium carbonate, comprises about 0.1 percent to about?,? 100% by weight of the foam-forming composition. 20. The foaming composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnesium silicate compound at least comprises about .6 weight percent of the foaming composition and the foaming agent 'comprises magnesium carbonate' at about 1. percent by weight of the composition that foams. twenty-one'. The foam forming composition according to claim 6, characterized in that each of the magnesium silicate compound at least and the carbonate. of calcium are present in a sufficient weight percent of the foaming composition such that: the foaming composition is capable of being processed into a foamed article. 22. The foaming composition in accordance with the claim. 1, characterized because the fluoropolymer as. minimum comprises a perfluoropolymer! 23. The foam-forming composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluoropolymer is at least selected from the group consisting of MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, ETFE, ECTFE, PVDF, and combinations of any two or more of MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, ET.FE, ECTFE and PVDF 24. The foam forming composition according to claim 22, characterized in that the perfluoropolymer is selected from the group consisting of MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, and combinations of any two or more; of MFA, FEP ,, PFA, and. PTFE 25. The foaming composition according to claim 22, characterized in that the foaming composition is in the form of one or more granules. 26. The foaming composition according to claim 25, characterized in that the foaming compose is capable of being processed to form a foamed article. j 27. The foam-forming composition in accordance with claim 26, characterized in that the foamed article is able to meet the specific requirements of flammable quality and smoke generation, as defined by the test specifications UL 910, UL 2424, NFPA 262 , 259, 255, and EN 50266-2 - ?, · class B. 28. The foaming composition according to claim 26, characterized in that the foamed article comprises foamed cells having diameters in the range of about .0127 to .0762 | mm (approximately 0.0005 to approximately 0.003 in). 29. The foam forming composition according to claim 28, characterized in that the foamed cells have an average diameter of about 0.0203 mm. (0.0008 in). . 30. The foam-forming composition according to claim 29, characterized in that the "foamed cells have a closed cell structure. 31. The foaming composition according to claim 29, characterized in that the foamed ceilings have an open cell structure. 32. The foam-forming composition according to claim 26, characterized in that the foamed article is selected from the group consisting of communication cables, separators-conductors, separators-cable supports, wire insulation, coating, wraps, tapes, conduit tubes, or any combination of the communication cables, conductor-separators, separators-cable supports, "'wire insulation. 33. The foaming composition according to claim 1, characterized in that · the composition that. Foam form is able to be combined with at least one additional fluoropolymer and the. The combination is capable of being processed to form a foamed article. 34. The foaming composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the compound of | ''. ' At least magnesium silicate is capable of functioning both as a nucleating agent and as a hing agent of a foaming composition and wherein the composition; of magnesium silicate as, minimally allows processing at a temperature of up to 16.7 degrees C (30 degrees F) below the conventional temperatures which are normally required during extrusion of compositions, which form conventional foams having at least the fluoropolymer as - minimum 35. · The foam-forming composition according to claim 34, characterized. why.' Conventional temperatures are 'near' or above the melting point of the fluoropolymer at least and where the magnesium silicate compose at least acts as an auxiliary! of processing- to reduce- or eliminate fusion fracture during processing of the fluoropolymer at least. 36-. A composition, which foams, - characterized in that it comprises: - at least ün. fluoropolymer; talc or any talc derivative, and; a. additional foaming agent - wherein the foaming agent is present - in a concentration range of about 0.10 percent to about 10 percent by weight of the "foam-forming composition" ... J 37. The foam-forming composition according to claim 36, characterized in that the additional foaming agent is present in a range; , 'of concentration of approximately | 0.1 per' cent) 1 to | v approximately 5 weight percent of the composition | which forms foam. 38. The foaming composition according to claim 3, characterized in that the additional foaming agent is present in a concentration range of about 0.1 percent to about 2 percent by weight of the composition of the composition. 'foam form. 39. The foaming composition according to claim 36, characterized in that the agent of. further foaming is chosen the group consisting) of magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, and a mixture of both magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate. ' 40. The foaming composition according to claim 36, characterized in that talc; or any one derived talc is present in a range; of concentration up to about 50 percent on the basis of the foaming composition. 41. The foaming composition according to claim 36, characterized in that the talc or any talc derivative is present in a concentration range of about. 2 percent to about 50 percent by weight of the foam-forming composition. . · any talc derivative is present in a concentration range of about 15 percent! to approximately .20. percent by weight of the composition | that foams .. 47. The defoaming composition, with claim 36, characterized in that the talc or any talc derivative is present in a < concentration range greater than about 30 weight percent of the foaming composition. '|' 48. The foaming composition according to claim 36, characterized in that the talc or any talc derivative is present in a concentration range of about: 30 percent, about 50 percent by weight of the foam-forming composition. · 49. The foaming composition according to claim 3.6, characterized in that the talc or any talc derivative comprises about 7 :. 5 weight percent of the; Foaming composition. 50. The foaming composition of compliance, with. claim 36, characterized in that the talc or any talc derivative comprises' about 6] percent by weight of the foaming composition and the foaming agent comprises about 0.4 percent by weight · of the foaming composition. 51. The composition. > foam form according to claim 50, characterized in that the agent: of additional foaming comprises a mixture of magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate. 52. The foaming composition according to claim 51, characterized in that the magnesium carbide comprises about 0.3% a. about 3% by weight of the foaming composition and the calcium carbonate comprises about 0.1 percent- to about 1% by weight of the composition that foams. 53. The foaming composition according to claim 50, characterized in that the talc or any talc derivative comprises about 6% by weight of the composition which forms foam and the agent; of foaming comprises magnesium carbonate at about 1% by weight of the foaming composition. 54. The foaming composition according to claim 50, characterized in that each of the talc or any talc derivative and the calcium carbonate are preset to a sufficient weight percent of the composition of the composition. ~ forms' foam, in such a way that:: the composition that forms foam is capable of being processed to form a foamed article. .| ' 55. The composition that foams conformity composition that forms foam. according to claim 60, characterized in that the foamed article comprises foamed cells that have. diameters in the range of approximately -0127 mm (0.0005 ??) 'approximately .0762 mm (Ó.003 iri). 62. The foaming composition according to claim 61, characterized in that the: foamed cells have an average diameter of about .0203: mm (0.0008 in. 63. The foaming composition in accordance with. claim 62, characterized in that, the foamed cellos have a structure, of closed cells 64. The foam-forming composition of claim 62, characterized in that the foamed brushes have an open cell structure. 65 '. The foam-forming composition according to the claim. 60 ,. characterized because. The foamed article comprises communication cables, separators- "conductors, separators-cable supports, wire insulation, lining, casings, tapes, duct pipes, or any combination of., communication cables, separators-conductors, separators- cable supports, wire insulation. 66. The foaming composition according to claim 36, characterized in that the foaming composition is capable of combining with at least one additional fluoropolymer and the combination is able to be processed to form a foamed article. 67. The foaming composition according to claim 50, characterized in that talo or any talc derivative is capable of functioning both as a nucleating agent and a foaming agent of the foaming composition and wherein the talc or any talc derivative allows processing at a temperature, up to 16.7 degrees C (30 degrees F) below the conventional temperatures normally required for doubtful extrusion of conventional foam-forming compositions having at least the fluoropolymer. . J 68: The foaming composition according to claim 67, characterized in that the conventional temperatures are close to or higher than the melting point of the fluoropolymer as a minimum and wherein the talc or any talc derivative acts as a processing aid to reduce or eliminate fusion fracture during fluoropolymer processing at least. 69. A foaming composition, characterized in that it comprises: at least one fluoropolymer in a molten state at an elevated temperature; at least one this • of magnesium disilicate dispersed in the molten fluoropolymer; a "dispersed foaming agent" in the molten fluoropolymer; wherein the elevated temperature is sufficient to activate the foaming agent and; wherein the foaming agent is present in a concentration range of about 0.1 per. 100 to about 10 weight percent of the foaming composition i. · 70. The foaming composition in accordance! 'with the. claim 69, characterized in that the fluoropolymer · '|| | t i at least comprises two or. more different fluoropolymers'. · 71. The foaming composition, according to claim 70, characterized in that the elevated temperature is greater than about 273.9 ° C (525 ° F). 72. The foaming composition according to claim 71, characterized in that the at least magnesium silicate compound is capable of functioning both as a nucleating agent and as a foaming agent of the foaming composition and wherein the silicate compound of At least magnesium allows processing at a temperature of up to 16.7 ° C (30 ° F) below the conventional temperatures normally required during extrusion of conventional foaming compositions which have at least at least fluoropolymer. 73. The. foaming composition of. according to claim 72, characterized in that the temperatures • conventional are close to or above the melting point of the fluoropolymer at least and wherein, the magnesium silicate compound at least acts as an auxiliary; of processing to reduce or eliminate fusion fracture during fluoropolymer processing as a minimum. 74. The foaming composition according to claim 72, characterized in that the elevated temperature is greater than about 171.1 ° C (340 ° F) and for fluoropolymers of lower melting point it is often in the range of about 221.1 °. C (430 ° F) approximately 276.7 ° C. (530 ° F). · '· 75. The foaming composition according to claim 72, characterized in that the temperature • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • For elevated fluoropolymers at a lower point of | 76. The foaming composition in accordance! with Ta claim 72, characterized in that the elevated temperature is in a range of about 298.9 ° C ('570 degrees F) to about 315.6 ° C (600 ° F). 77. The foaming composition according to claim 72, characterized in that the high temperature is in a range of about 315.6 ° C (600 degrees F) to about 348.9 ° C (660 ° F). 78. The foaming composition in accordance with claim 72, characterized in that the temperature of claim 72 ,. characterized in that the foaming agent is selected from the group consisting of magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, and a mixture of both magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate. '[' | . 85. The foaming composition according to claim 72, characterized in that the compound! Magnesium silicate at least is present, in a concentration range of up to about 50 percent by weight of the foam-forming composition. 86. The foaming composition according to claim 72, characterized in that the at least one magnesium silicate compound is present in: a concentration range of about 2 percent to about 50 percent by weight of the. Foaming composition. < 87. The foaming composition according to claim 72, characterized in that the composition of at least magnesium silicate is present: a concentration range of up to about percent by weight of the foam-forming composition. ', 88. The foaming composition according to claim 72, characterized in that at least magnesium silicate compound 1 is present, in f a concentration range of about -0.2 times; about 20 percent by weight of the foaming composition.; 89. The foaming composition according to claim 72, characterized in that the at least magnesium silicate compound is present in a concentration range of about 0.5 per cent to about 20 weight percent of the foaming composition. 90. The foaming composition according to claim 72, characterized in that the compound • Magnesium silicate at least is present in a concentration range from about 2 percent to about 20 percent in, weight of the foam-forming composition. 91. The . foaming composition according to claim 72, characterized in that the silicate compound of. magnesium as a minimum is present in a concentration range of about 15 percent approximately 20 percent by weight of the composition that Á | foam form. 92. The foaming composition according to claim 72, characterized in that the at least magnesium silicate compound is present in a concentration greater than about 30 weight percent of the composition. Foaming composition. 93. . The foaming composition in accordance! with weight of the. composition of. foamed 98. The composition of foaming compliance | with claim 72, characterized in that the magnesium silicate compound as a minimum comprises about 6 weight percent of the foaming composition and the foaming agent comprises only 'magnesium carbonate' at about 1 weight percent of the composition. the composition ! of foaming. ', 99. according to claim 72, characterized in that each of the magnesium silicate compound as a minimum and the calcium carbonate are present in a por. Sufficient weight percent of the foaming composition, such that the foaming composition is capable of being processed to form a foamed article. 100. The foaming composition according to claim 72, characterized in that the fluoropolymer at least comprises a perfluoropolymer. 101. The foaming composition according to claim 72, characterized in that the fluoropolymer is at least selected from the group consisting of MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, ETFE, ECTFE, PVDF,. and combinations of any two or more of MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, ETFE, EGTFE, and PVDF. 102. The foaming composition, in accordance with claim 101, characterized in that · | ] he 108. The foaming composition according to claim 106, characterized in that the foamed cells have an open cell structure. | 109 The foaming composition in accordance with claim 103, characterized in that the foamed article comprises communication cables, separators-conductors, separators-cable supports, wire insulation, cladding, casings, tapes, tubing. conduits, or any combination of * cables-1; from í "communications, 'separators-conductors, separators-sópottes of cables, wire insulation.' 110. A method for making a foaming composition, characterized in that it comprises: forming a mixture comprising a mixture of magnesium silicates; a foaming agent, 'y; 'at least one base fluoropolymer using thermal and mechanical energies at a processing temperature lower than a temperature at which the foaming of the mixture occurs; where; the foaming agent is present in a concentration range of. About 0.1 percent by about 10 percent by weight of the mixture will process the mixture to form a foam composition. ' .111. The method according to claim 110, characterized in that the foaming agent is present in a range of > concentration of about 0.1 percent to about 5. percent by weight of the mixture. 112. The method according to claim 110, characterized in that the foaming agent is present in a concentration range of about 0.1 percent to about 2 percent by weight of the mixture. 113. The method according to claim 110, characterized in that the foaming agent is selected from the group consisting of magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate and a mixture of both magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate. 114. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the compound, of at least magnesium silicate, includes talc or any derivative of talc. 115. The method according to claim 110, characterized in that the magnesium silicate compound comprises at least one magnesium silicate compound hydrated at least. 116. · The method of compliance, with the claim! 110, characterized in that the processing of the »me | z: cla-provides a plurality of foam-forming granules. 117. The compliance method. with claim 116, characterized in that the processing of the. The mixture comprises extruding the mixture to form an extrusion product. 118. The method according to claim 117, characterized in that it further comprises granulating the extrudate to form a plurality of granules; they form foam. 119. The method according to claim 110, characterized in that the processing of the mixture results in one or more foam-forming granules having a solid phase / such that the foam-forming granules are capable of processing to form a foamed article. 120. The method according to claim 113, characterized in that the foaming composition is produced at a temperature sufficiently low to prevent foaming of the foaming composition. 121. The method according to claim! 110, characterized in that the temperature is sufficiently low to thermally restrict the foaming composition. 122. "The method according to claim 110, characterized in that it further comprises processing the foaming composition to form a foamed article. 123. The method according to the claim! 110, characterized in that it processes the foam-forming composition. 139. The method according to claim 110, characterized in that the magnesium silicate compound is present in a concentration range of from about 30 percent to about 50 percent by weight of the foam-forming composition. 140. The method according to claim 110, characterized in that the compound. of silicate | of magnesium comprises about 7.5 weight percent of the foaming composition. 141. The method according to claim 110, characterized in that the magnesium silicate compound comprises about 6 weight percent of the foaming composition. . . : 142. The method according to claim 110, characterized in that the fluoropolymer base * as a minimum comprises a perfluoropolymer. 143. The method according to claim 110, characterized in that the base fluoropolymer as; The minimum is selected from the group comprising MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, EjTFE, ECTFE, -PVDF, and combinations of any two or more of said MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, ETFE, ETFFE, and PVDF. 144. The method in accordance with the claim 143, characterized in that the perfluoropolymer is selected from the group consisting of MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, and. combinations of any two or more of said MFA, FEP, PFÁ, and PTFE. 145. A method for manufacturing a foamed article,. comprising: providing a composition that 'forms. ésp.uma including at least one fluoropolymer; a minimum magnesium silicate compound, and a foaming agent wherein the foaming agent is present in a range; of concentration of about 0.1 percent, about 10 percent "n weight of the composition that foams, and 'process the composition that forms foam; í | form a foamed article. '' 146. The method according to claim 145, characterized in that processing the composition comprising foam consists of applying energy to the composition which foams foam. . , _ |,! 147. The method according to the claim; 146, characterized in that the energy can be any heat, pressure, or a combination of heat and pressure.- 148: The method according to the claim 145, characterized in that the composition is processed by what foam composition comprises melt processing. 149. The method according to claim 145, characterized in that the foaming agent is present in a concentration range of about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of the foaming composition. 145, characterized in that the silicate compound! At least magnesium is present in the composition which forms foam comprising an additional one. or? more fluoropolymers at a concentration of about] 7.5 weight percent of the foaming composition; 157. The method according to claim 145, characterized in that the magnesium silicate compound comprises about 6 percent by weight of < the foaming composition. ' 158. The method of compliance with the. claim 145, characterized in that the at least magnesium silicate compound comprises about 6 weight percent of > the foaming composition, and the foaming agent. It comprises approximately 0.4 percent by weight of the foaming composition. 159. The method according to claim 145, characterized in that the foaming agent comprises a mixture of magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate. . 160. The method according to claim 159, characterized. because the magnesium carbonate comprises about 0.3 percent to about 3 percent by weight of the foaming composition and the calcium carbonate comprises about 0.1% percent to about 1 percent by weight of the foam-forming composition. . i. 161. The method of compliance with the claim 159, characterized in that the compound of. Magnesium silicate at least comprises about .6 percent by weight percent of the foaming composition and the foaming agent comprises magnesium carbonate at about 1 percent by weight of the foam-forming composition. 162. The method according to claim 161, characterized in that each of the at least magnesium siliceous compound and the calcium carbonate are present in a sufficient weight percent of the foaming composition such that the composition which foam is capable of being processed to form a foamed article. 163. The method according to claim 145, characterized in that the fluoropolymer. as . The minimum comprises a perfluoropolymer. 164. The method of conformity with claim 145, characterized in that the fluoropolymer is at least the group consisting of MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, 1 ETFE, ECTFE, PVDF, and combinations of any two or more of said MFA. , FEP, PFA, PTFE, ETFE, ECTFE, and PVDF. 165. The method in accordance with the claim 164, characterized in that the perfluoropolymer is selected from the group consisting of MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, and combinations of any two or more of said MFA, FEP, PFA, and PTFE. 166. The method according to claim 145, characterized in that the article 'foamed is able to meet the specific quality, inflammation and smoke requirements as defined by j the test specifications UL 910, UL 2424 , NFPA 262, 259, 255. , and EN '50266-2-x, class B. 167. The method according to claim! 145, characterized in that the foamed article comprises foamed cells having diameters in the range: from about .0127 to about .0762 | , mm (approximately .0.0005 to approximately 0.003 in). . | 168. The method 'in accordance with the claim 167, characterized in that the foamed cells have an average diameter of approximately .0203 mm (0.0008 -in) ,. 169. The 'method of compliance with the claim 168, characterized in that the foamed cells have a closed cell structure. - i 170. The method in accordance with the claim 168, characterized in that the foamed cells have an open cell structure. · ''. ' '·, 171. The method according to claim Cc.ion 145, characterized in that the foamed article compresses communication cables, separators-conductors, separators-cable supports, wire insulation, and coating, sheaths, ribbons, conduit tubes, - or any combination of communication cables, separators-conductors, separators-cable supports, wire insulation. 172. The fluoropolymer composition which forms foam in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the composition comprises recycled perfluoropolymer and fluoropolymer materials and wherein the recycled portion used is between 1 and 100. percent. : 173. The fluoropolymer composition that. foam form according to claim 22, characterized in that the composition comprises one or more organic or inorganic salts and the one or more selected perfluoropolymers. 174. The fluoropolymer composition is a foam according to claim 22, characterized in that the talc and the perfluoropolymers or one or | more fluoropolymer groups are recycled or virgin and | They are extruded and formed in the granules. 175. The fluoropolymer composition which; foam form according to claim 1, characterized in that the foamed cellular insulation is 100% recyclable. 176. The foam-forming fluoropolymer composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the composition further includes at least one of organic and / or inorganic salts, metal oxides, zinc oxides, silica and silica oxides, as well as substituted and / or unsubstituted fullerenes, PTFE fibrils, ETFE fibrijllas, metal borates, fljama retardant fibers, including PAN fibers, and small particles, and orgillo-montmorillonite-based clays such as Perkolite® in this manner reducing dispersion of flames, smoke and improving the integrity of coal waste when subjected to! to combustion the composition. 177. A method for making foam-forming perfluoropolymer cell insulation compositions, characterized in that it comprises: providing a mixture of one. first composition comprising up to about 20% by weight of a blowing or foaming agent and a second composition comprising up to about 80 weight percent of one or more selected perfluoropolymer, heat the mixture to cause melting of the. first and second compositions, to form a molten mixture of the compositions and extruding molten mixture to form a plurality of foam-forming granules. 178. The method according to claim 177, characterized in that it also comprises the step of using the foam-forming granules to generate one or |more foamed articles. 179. The method according to claim 177, characterized in that the step of using granules; to generate the nail or more foamed articles, it also comprises using a gas or injection method. chemical. 180. The method for manufacturing perfluoropolymer compositions which foams according to claim 177, characterized in that the second composition includes. at least one of inorganic organic salts. '' ' 181. The method according to claim 177, characterized in that providing the mixture comprises mixing with stirring a granule formed with fluoropolymer (s), magnesium carbonate, carbonate, calcium, or both magnesium carbonate and. carbonate, calpium together with another granule containing fluoropolymers' and talc and a mixture of magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, and Aclyn wax. 182. The method -in accordance with | Claim 177, characterized in that it furthermore comprises adding a color concentrate to the mixture to incorporate the color concentrate into the granules. . 183. The method in accordance with the claim 177, characterized in that it further comprises 'using' the granules to make a first insulating cover surrounding one or more conductive cores and in which insulating cover is foamed and subsequently covered with a second insulating layer which is already solid or foamed. 184. The method according to claim 183, characterized in that the first insulating layer cover comprises cells of cellular foam within a specific range of from about 0.127 mm (0.0005 in) to about 0.7662 mm (0.003 in) where the first insulating cover is already a non-fluoropolymer1 or fluoropolymer and the second insulating layer that covers the; The conductive core comprises a perfluoropolymer and wherein '; An extrusion process with cellular foaming is done using a single or dual head extruder and where The cellular foam is formed by chemical means, gas injection means or both chemical gas injection means. 18.5. A process, characterized in that it comprises: extruding a composition capable of forming a foamed article 15. In an extruder, where the extruder is specifically designed to minimize mechanical cutting and increase heating, this way, by mitigating premature foaming during the melting, mixing, extrusion and granulation process, the composition, as well as mitigate the 20 corrosion of the extruder barrel due to passivation of acidic gases and acids that arise from the use of granules together with perfluoropolymers and fluoropolymers. during the extrusion process. '· < 186. A 'method to form compositions,! from Fluoropolymer, characterized in that it comprises: adding in an extruded melt of a base fluoropolymer resin, - in sequential stage, enough talcum to achieve a talc filler in a range of about 0.5 to 20 per cent. 100% in combination with fluoropolymer resin to form a foam-forming composition; wherein the foam-forming composition is used for subsequent extrusion or molding processes that provide final products; fluoropolymer cell, foamed or blown. '·· 187. The method according to claim 185, characterized in that the compositions are extruded or molded into desired shapes and geometries without requiring the use of granules and wherein the talc acts as a chemical blowing agent and can also act as an agglutinating agent. , a foaming agent or both a foaming and nucleating agent, during extrusion or molding processes. 188. The method of 'compliance with the claim 185, characterized in that the compositions are extruded or molded into desired shapes and geometries that require granules and wherein the talc acts as a chemical blowing agent and can also act as a 'nucleating agent,' a foaming agent or 'both an agent nucleant as a foaming agent during extrusion or molding processes. 189. The method according to claim 185, characterized in that, the talc neutralizes the acidity of hydrogen fluoride present in the extruded melt "and provides lubrication and mitigates corrosion in barrels of 1 extrusion, spindles, extrusion heads, tools and dies used to generate the extruded fusion. 190. The method according to claim 185, characterized in that the use of talc significantly reduces the acidity of hydrolyzed fluoride generated during extrusion of the compositions. · Fluoropolymer. -; | '> '' 191. The foam-forming composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the foaming composition is suitable for forming a foamed-cell insulation article which reduces the amount of combustible materials by 30 to 60 per exempt basis. Jh, the extension of the foaming process and where the article! Foam insulation foam is achieved with or without a gas blowing agent. '< 192. The method according to the claim i 'I Í 191, characterized in that the blowing agent of. '-gas' is used in combination with talc leading to an' increase in the percentage of structure. cell within the foamed cellular isolation article. 193. A method to produce 'a cable |; of communications having fl ame retardant properties, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: providing melt-processable granules comprising one or more fluoropolymers, talc and magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate or both magnesium carbonate, such as carbonate, calcium capable of forming foamed articles; process in fusion] he . ' | · 1 'I or the granules at a predetermined temperature' what? exceeds approximately 273.9 degrees C (525 degrees F), to ensure .- | '| -.I i; ·. ' - · i | > · That the required temperature is reached, to froth the granules before entering an extruder, to extrude. a dosed quantity of the dosed granules · around,: 1, give '; | a The electrical conductor of the advance and allow the foam to expand and to produce an insulated conductor with chemically blown fluoropolymer insulation. 194. The method according to the claim 193 ,. characterized because. 'the granules comprise . ' ! ,. "ri perfluoropolymers, and / or fluoropolymers and a blowing agent 1 consisting essentially of talc or any talc derivative, wherein the talc or any talc derivative is a hydrated, synthetic or natural magnesium silicate. t .195. The method "in accordance with the claim | - '|. | Í; J | 193, characterized in that the talc or: 'any talc derivative is a composition. chemical comprising hydros; magnesium iliate represented by the formula: 3MgOSi02H20, where .Si02 is approximately 63.5 weight percent, '; Mg © · is approximately 31.9.0 weight percent and H20 i is approximately 4.75 weight percent y ,. as well_; 'can separators-cable supports, including; transverse frames, wire insulation, coating, wraps, - tapes ,. ducts' tubes or any combination of communication cables, conductive separators or cable-support separators. 203. The foaming composition according to claim 197, characterized in that the foamed article comprised foamed cells that pull in diameters in the range of about 0.127 mm (0.0005 in) to about 0.7662 mm (0.003 in). 204. The foaming composition according to claim 197, characterized in that the foamed cells have an average diameter of approximately 0.0203 mm. (0.0008 in). 205. The 'foam-forming composition | according to claim 197, characterized in that the foamed cells have a closed cell structure. . ' 206. The foaming composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the foamed fabrics have an open cell structure. 207. A foaming composition, characterized in that it comprises at least one perfluoropolymer and one foaming agent. which comprises • magnesium carbonate, carbonate of. calcium or both magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate, wherein the calcium carbonate and the magnesium carbonate exist as a < It is made of both calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate. 208. The foaming composition according to "claim" 207, characterized in that the foaming agent is present in a concentration range of from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of the foaming composition. 209. The foaming composition according to claim 207, characterized in that. | the foaming composition is capable of being processed: | to form a foamed article 210. The foaming composition according to claim 207, characterized in that a fluoropolymer is selected from the group consisting of MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, ETFE, ECTFE, PVDF, and combinations of any two or more of MFA, FEP , PFA, PTFE, ETFE, ECTFE, and PVDF .. 211. The foaming composition according to claim. 207, characterized in that the foamed article is capable of meeting the specific requirements for smoke generation and flammable quality, as defined by the test specifications UL 91Ó, UL 2424, NFPA 262, 259, 255, and EN 50266 -2-x, class B. i 212. The foam-forming composition according to claim 207, characterized in that the foamed article is selected from the group consisting of communication cables, 'conductor-separators', separators; provide cable support, including 'and transverse wefts, wire insulation, sheathing, sheathing, sheathing, conduit tubes or any combination of communication cables, conductive separators or separators-cable supports. 213. The composition.' forming a cohf foam with claim 207, characterized in that the foamed article comprises foamed cells having diameters! in the range of about .0127 mm (0.0005 .ihf to about .0762 mm (0.003 in). 214. "The foam-forming composition according to claim 207, characterized in that the. Foamed cells have an average diameter of approximately .0203 mm (0.0008 in). " 215. The foaming composition according to claim 207, characterized in that the foamed cells have a closed cell structure. 216. The foam-forming composition according to claim 207, characterized in that the foamed cells have an open cell structure. 217. A foam-forming composition comprising at least one fluoropolymer and a. foamed comprising a mixture of both magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate, wherein the composition is CaMg (CO3) 2 ·, 218. The foaming composition: according to claim 217, characterized in that the foaming agent is present in a range of from about 0.1 per cent to about 5 per cent by weight of the composition; foam. 219. The foaming composition according to claim 217, characterized in that the foaming composition is capable of being processed to form a foamed article. 220. 'The composition that forms foam; in accordance with the. claim 217, characterized in that at least one fluoropolymer is selected from the group consisting of MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, ETFE, ECTFE, PVDF, and combinacibnejsi of either 'two or more' of MFA, FEP, BFA, PTFE, ETFE , | E.CTEJE, and PVDF. 221. The foam forming composition according to claim 217, characterized in that the foamed article is able to meet the specific requirements for smoke generation and flammable quality, as defined by the test specifications UL 910, UL 2424. , NFPA 262, 259, 255, and EN 50266-2-x, class' B. 222. The foam-forming composition according to claim 217, characterized in that the foamed article is selected from the group consisting of cables, communications, conductor-separators, separators | · Cable support, including transverse wefts, wire insulation, siding, wraps, tapes, tubes J. conduits or any combination of cables, communications cables, conductive separators or separators! 1 support-cable 223. The foaming composition according to claim 217, characterized in that the foamed article comprises foamed cells having diameters; in the range of about .0127 mm (0.0005 in) to about .0762 mm (0.00.3 in) 224. The composition which * foams according to claim 217, characterized in that the foamed cells have an average diameter of approximately .0203 mm (0.0008 in) 225. The foaming composition according to claim 217, characterized in that the foamed cells have a closed cell structure. 226. The foaming composition according to claim 217, characterized in that the foamed cells have an open cell structure. 227. A foam-forming composition, characterized in that it comprises at least one perfluoropolymer and a foaming agent comprising a mixture of both magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate, wherein the composition is CaMg (C03-) 2. 228. The foaming composition according to claim 227, characterized in that the foaming agent is present in a concentration range of about 0.1 percent - at about 5 percent. cilento in weight of the composition that forms foam.-. :, ' 229. The foaming composition according to claim 227, characterized in that | the composition that. foam form is able to pfocesars.e to form a foamed article .. _ 230. The foaming composition according to claim 227, characterized in that at least one fluoropolymer is selected from the group consisting of .MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, ETFE, ECTFE, PVDF, and, combinations · of any two or more than MFA ,. FEP, PFA, PTFE, ETFE, ECTFE, and PVDF. 231. The foaming composition according to claim 227, characterized in that the foamed article is capable of meeting the specific smoke and flammable quality requirements, such as! is defined by the test specifications UL 910, 'UL 2424, NFPA 262, 259, 255, and EN 50266-2-x, "Class B. 232. The . foam-forming composition according to claim 227, characterized in that article J 159 Foaming is chosen from the group consisting of communication cables, separators. conductors, cable support spacers, including transverse frames, wire insulation, lining, casings, tapes, duct pipes or any combination of cables, communications, cable separators or conductors. 233. The foam foaming composition according to claim 227, characterized in that the foamed article comprises foamed cells having diameters in the range of about 0.127 mm (0.0005 · in) to about 0.0762 mm (0.003 in). 2. 34. The foaming composition according to claim 227, characterized in that the foamed cells have an average diameter of approximately 0.0208 mm (0.0008 in). ::, 235. The foaming composition according to claim 227, characterized in that the foamed cells have a closed cell structure. · 236. The foaming composition according to claim 227, characterized in that the foamed cells have an open cell structure. 237. A composition . foam forming, characterized in that it comprises: at least one fluoropolymer; talc or any derivative, of talc, and an additional foaming agent, carbonated magnesium, calcium carbonate or both magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate, where calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate exist as a mixture of both calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate. carbonate of: calcium as magnesium carbonate. 238. The foamed composition according to claim 237, characterized in that the talc or talc derivative is a minimum magnesium silicate counter comprising a magnesium silicate compound at least hydrated. 239. The foaming composition according to claim 237, characterized in that at least the magnesium silicate compound is present: in a concentration range of up to about 50 | .percent by weight of the foam-forming composition 240. The composition that. foam form according to claim 237, characterized in that the perfluoropolymer is selected from the group consisting of MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, and combinations of any two or more; of MFA, FEP PFA, and PTFE. 2'41. The foaming composition according to claim 237, characterized in that | i the composition that. foam form is able to be processed | to form a foamed article 242. The foaming composition according to claim 237, characterized in that the foamed article is able to meet, with the specific "requirements" of "smoke generation and flammable quality, how it is defined in the test specifications. UL 910, 4; 2, NFPA 262, 259, 255, and 'EN 50266- ^ 2-x, class B 243. The composition which 'foams' in accordance with claim 237, characterized in that the foamed article is chosen from the group which. consists- of wires! i communications, '.separators-drivers, separators! of cable support, including transverse webs, wire insulation, lining, casings, tapes, ducting tubes or any combination of communication cables, 'separators-conductors or separators]' of cable support. 244. "The foam-forming composition" according to claim 237, characterized in that the foamed article comprises foam cells having diameters in the range of approximately. .012 mm (0.0005 '.inj): to approximately .0762 mm (0.003 in). .24.5. The foam-forming composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the foamed cells have a. \ diameter, . average | of approximately .0203-mm (0.00.08 in¡ .246. The foaming composition of con'fprm'ijdad with claim .237, characterized in that the foamed ceilings have a closed cell structure. 247. The foaming composition according to the. Claim 237, characterized in that the foamed ceilings have an open cell structure. 248. A composition that forms. foam, characterized because it comprises at least. a fluoropolymer; talc or any talc derivative, and an additional foaming agent comprising a mixture of magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate, wherein the composition is CaMg (C03) 2 249. The foaming composition according to claim 248 ,. characterized in that the talc or talc derivative is at least a magnesium silicate compound comprising a hydrated magnesium silicate compound at least 250. The foaming composition in accordance with. claim 248, characterized in that the at least magnesium silicate compound is present1 in:. a concentration range of up to about 50% by weight of the foaming composition. ' 251. The foaming composition according to claim. 248,. characterized in that perfluoropolymer is selected from the group consisting of MFA, FEP, PFA, PTFE, and combinations of any two of MFA, FEP,. PFA, and PTFE. 252; The foaming composition according to claim 248, characterized in that | the foaming composition is capable of being processed to form a foamed article. 253. The foaming composition according to claim 248, characterized in that the foamed article is able to meet the requirements; of smoke generation and specific flammable quality. - As defined by the test specifications0 UL 910, UL 24, 24, NFPA 262, 259, 255, and EN 50266-2-x, 'class B 254. The composition forming foam, according to claim 248, characterized in that the foamed article is selected from the group consisting of communications' cables, separators-conductors, separators-cable supports, including transverse frames, wire insulation, coating, wraps, ribbons, tubes '' of conduits? any combination of wires! of communications, separators-conductors or separators of cable support. 255. The foaming composition according to claim 248, characterized in that the foamed article comprises foamed cells having diameters "in the range, from about 0.0127 mm (0.0005 in) to about 0.0762 mm (0.003 in). 256. . The foaming composition according to claim 248, characterized in that the foamed cells have an average diameter of about 0.0208 mm (0.0008 in). 257. The confusing foam composition with claim 248, characterized in that the foamed cells have a closed cell structure. 258. The foaming composition according to claim 248, characterized in that the: foamed cells have an open cell structure. 259. A method for making foam-forming perfluoropolymer cell insulation compositions, characterized in that it comprises: providing a mixture of a first composition comprising up to about 20 weight percent of a blowing or foaming agent and a second composition comprising up to 80 weight percent of one or more selected perfluoropolymers, heat; the mixture to cause fusion of the first and second compositions to form a molten mixture of the compositions, and extruding the molten mixture to form a plurality of foam-forming granules. 260. The method according to claim 259, characterized in that the first composition comprises a mixture of both magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate, where the mixture is Ca g (C03) 2.