LU500551B1 - Virtual load dominant parameter identification method based on incremental learning - Google Patents

Virtual load dominant parameter identification method based on incremental learning Download PDF

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LU500551B1
LU500551B1 LU500551A LU500551A LU500551B1 LU 500551 B1 LU500551 B1 LU 500551B1 LU 500551 A LU500551 A LU 500551A LU 500551 A LU500551 A LU 500551A LU 500551 B1 LU500551 B1 LU 500551B1
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samples
neural network
identification
parameter identification
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Chenlu Wang
Yuan Zeng
Dezhuang Meng
Xiaohua Zhang
Xinyuan Hu
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Univ Tianjin
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Abstract

A virtual load dominant parameter identification method based on incremental learning, comprising following steps of: (1) randomly selecting dominant parameters from a virtual load model for simulation; (2) establishing a deep learning neural network; (3) performing incremental learning on the neural network; and (4) performing fast online identification and cyclic training. According to the present invention, the feasibility of applying incremental learning to power system analysis is mainly described and the incremental learning is combined with load parameter identification, which improves training efficiency while ensuring identification accuracy, and prevents catastrophic forgetting while maintaining storage overhead, thus providing a new idea for processing training samples in parameter identification, as well as the technical support for online identification of dominant parameters of virtual load models. Based on the idea of continuous training and fast online identification, the convolution neural network is applied to the parameter identification of load models.

Description

DESCRIPTION 750055)
VIRTUAL LOAD DOMINANT PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION METHOD BASED ON INCREMENTAL LEARNING
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the field of power system load identification, in particular to a virtual load dominant parameter identification method based on incremental learning.
BACKGROUND OF THE PRESENT INVENTION In the actual operation monitoring of a power system, an accurate load model plays a very important role in the safe and stable operation of the power system. Different load models lead to different or even completely opposite results of stability calculation. Therefore, how to establish an accurate load model and obtain accurate model parameters has always been a hot topic for scholars, and has been widely concerned for a long time. There are two main load modeling methods, namely a component-based method and a measurement-based method. The component-based method firstly classifies the loads, and makes component-based analysis on the characteristics of each type of load to obtain the overall characteristics of the loads. The component- based method has disadvantages that the statistical effort is time-consuming and laborious and cannot be performed online. With the rapid development of measurement systems such as WAMS, PMU and SCADA in recent years, the overall measurement and identification method based on measured data has become the mainstream method in the field of load modeling, which is closely related to the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning.
With the development of artificial intelligence and machine learning, many machine learning algorithms have been developed. Most of these algorithms in Batch Learning mode, i.e. it is assumed that all training samples can be obtained at a time before training, the learning process is terminated after these samples are learned, and no new knowledge needs to be learned. However, in 50055 practical application, training samples are usually impossible to be obtained all at once, but are obtained gradually over time, and the information reflected by the samples may also change over time. It takes a lot of time and space to relearn all the data after the arrival of new samples, so the batch learning algorithms no longer meet such demand. In contrast, incremental learning can update knowledge gradually, and can modify and strengthen previous knowledge, so that the updated knowledge can adapt to the newly arrived data without having to re-learn all the data.
SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION A technical problem to be solved by the present invention is as follows. Through combination of parameter identification and neural network incremental learning, the bus online measurement waveforms and the waveforms obtained by random value simulation of dominant parameters of a virtual load model are simultaneously brought into training. A virtual load dominant parameter identification process based on incremental learning is proposed to improve the training efficiency while ensuring the identification accuracy, overcomes the contradiction between a large number of increasing measured data and the lack of effective processing methods, and provides a new way for the power grid operators to identify and analyze parameters.
In order to achieve the above objectives of the present invention, the present application provides a virtual load dominant parameter identification method based on incremental learning is provided, including: step 1: randomly selecting dominant parameters from a virtual load model for simulation in a Power System Analysis Synthesis Program (PSASP) to obtain new training samples; step 2: selecting a convolution neural network to establish a deep learning neural network; step 3: performing incremental learning on the samples in the deep learning neural network, where representative samples selected from previous 50055 samples are sent to the deep learning network established in the step 2 and combined with the new training samples generated in the step 1 for training, so as to achieve training the new samples with different batches of the training samples in the training process while constraining errors of the previous samples; and step 4: performing fast online identification and cyclic training: sending effective online measurement waveforms obtained from a measurement module such as PMU (phasor measurement unit) to the deep learning neural network trained in the step 3 for parameter identification, and sending the identified parameters to the PSASP for simulation and evaluation to obtain measurement samples; and sending the measurement samples into the training samples in the step 3 for cyclic training.
Further, the incremental learning method related to network parameter training in the deep learning neural network in the step 3 includes following steps of: selecting the representative samples from the previous samples of the deep learning neural network to form a sample database; combining the selected representative samples with the new training samples generated in the step 1 proportionally and sending the combined samples to the deep learning neural network for further training, so as to achieve training the new samples with different batches of the training samples in the training process while constraining errors of the previous samples.
Further, the cyclic training method in the step 4 includes following steps of: sending the effective online measurement data obtained from the measurement module to the trained deep learning neural network trained in the step 3 for parameter identification, and sending the identified parameters to the PSASP for simulation; comparing the simulated waveforms with the measured waveforms, and evaluating the identification accuracy: If the fitting is accurate, outputting and saving the identification results to the sample database for follow-up training; if the fitting has large error, identifying the parameters 50055 separately by a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, and saving the results to the sample database for follow-up training, and repeating this cycle.
Beneficial Effects
1. According to the present invention, the feasibility of applying incremental learning to power system analysis is mainly described and the incremental learning is combined with load parameter identification, which improves training efficiency while ensuring identification accuracy, and prevents catastrophic forgetting while maintaining storage overhead, thus providing a new idea for processing training samples in parameter identification.
2. The solution provided in the present invention also provides technical support for online identification of dominant parameters of virtual load models. Based on the idea of continuous training and fast online identification, the convolution neural network is applied to the parameter identification of load models, and dominant parameters of virtual load models are identified online on the big data platform of a power grid accordingly.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flowchart according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a structure diagram of virtual loads according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a virtual load dominant parameter identification method based on incremental learning, including following steps 1 to 4.
In the step 1, dominant parameters are randomly selected from a virtual load model for simulation: virtual load is the aggregation of multi-source heterogeneous loads, which emphasizes the function and effectiveness of the 50055 loads as a whole to a large power grid, and the loads are aggregated through advanced control, metering, communication and other technologies without changing the access mode of existing loads. The model established by integration of various traditional models and addition of a distributed new energy model is more accurate and detailed and refined than traditional composite load models, and is more conducive to the coordinated and optimal dispatching of the loads of the large power grid (as shown in FIG. 2). A large number of training samples can be obtained by randomly selecting and simulating the dominant parameters in a certain range.
Z and / are the proportions of constant impedance and constant current in a static load model (Zp+/p+Pp=1, the same as Za), Km is the proportion of active power of a motor in the total load, Lr is the induction motor slip, and Koc is the proportion of distributed energy active power. The above parameters are the dominant parameters that have a great influence on the response waveform, and a significant influence on disturbance waveforms when changing. Other parameters (such as internal parameters of a motor) are less sensitive to changes, so IEEE typical values can be adopted. Simulation is performed by an |IEEE-39 bus system in a Power System Analysis Synthesis Program (PSASP), the voltage drops randomly by grounding adjacent lines, and the waveforms U, P and Q are measured at an outlet of a bus to be identified. The loads of the bus are simulated by a virtual load aggregation model to generate a large number of disturbance waveforms for training.
In the step 2, a deep learning neural network is established and a convolution neural network is selected. A standard feedforward neural network consists of an input layer, a hidden layer and an output layer. The input is generally a one-dimensional column vector, and the layers are all fully connected layers, which can be regarded as a directed acyclic graph describing the correlation between functions. The classification and prediction capacity of the deep learning network is enhanced by feature extraction methods such as adding a plurality of convolution and pooling layers before the input layer of the 50055 standard feedforward neural network, and neurons are randomly deleted in the hidden layer to prevent overfitting during training.
In the step 3, incremental learning is performed in the neural network: representative samples selected from previous samples are sent to the deep learning network established in the step 2 and combined with the new training samples generated in the step 1 for training, so as to achieve training the new samples with different batches of the training samples in the training process while constraining errors of the previous samples.
The representative samples are defined to reflect the vast majority of the characteristics of an entire data set by some samples in the data set, thus avoiding reviewing the entire data set every time when reading the data set. The general method herein for selecting the representative samples is to select the samples with the smallest classification error or to take a mean center of each class, corresponding to supervised learning and unsupervised learning, respectively.
In the step 4, fast online identification includes the steps of sending effective online measurement data obtained from a measurement module such as PMU to the neural network trained in the step 3 for parameter identification, and sending the identified results to the PSASP for simulation. Comparing the simulated waveforms with the measured waveforms, and evaluating the identification accuracy: if the fitting is accurate, outputting and saving the identified results to the sample database for follow-up training; if the fitting has large error, identifying the parameters separately by a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, and saving the results to the sample database for follow-up training, that is, using the results as the training samples to perform the step 3.

Claims (3)

CLAIMS LU500551
1. A virtual load dominant parameter identification method based on incremental learning, comprising: step 1: randomly selecting dominant parameters from a virtual load model for simulation in a Power System Analysis Synthesis Program (PSASP) to obtain new training samples; step 2: selecting a convolution neural network to establish a deep learning neural network; step 3: performing incremental learning on the samples in the deep learning neural network, where representative samples selected from previous samples are sent to the deep learning network established in the step 2 and combined with the new training samples generated in the step 1 for training, so as to achieve training the new samples with different batches of the training samples in the training process while constraining errors of the previous samples; and step 4: performing fast online identification and cyclic training: sending effective online measurement waveforms obtained from a measurement module such as PMU to the deep learning neural network trained in the step 3 for parameter identification, and sending the identified parameters to the PSASP for simulation and evaluation to obtain measurement samples; and sending the measurement samples into the training samples in the step 3 for cyclic training.
2. The virtual load dominant parameter identification method based on incremental learning according to claim 1, wherein the incremental learning method related to the network parameter training in the deep learning neural network in the step 3 comprises following steps of: selecting the representative samples from the previous samples of the deep learning neural network to form a sample database; combining the selected representative samples with the new training samples generated in the step 1 proportionally and sending the combined samples to the deep learning neural network for further training, so as to achieve training the new 50055 samples with different batches of the training samples in the training process while constraining errors of the previous samples.
3. The virtual load dominant parameter identification method based on incremental learning according to claim 1, wherein the cyclic training method in the step 4 comprises following steps of: sending the effective online measurement data obtained from the measurement module to the trained deep learning neural network trained in the step 3 for parameter identification, and sending the identified parameters to the PSASP for simulation; comparing the simulated waveforms with the measured waveforms, and evaluating the identification accuracy: If the fitting is accurate, outputting and saving the identification results to the sample database for follow-up training; if the fitting has large error, identifying the parameters separately by a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, and saving the results to the sample database for follow-up training, and repeating this cycle.
LU500551A 2020-10-10 2021-08-18 Virtual load dominant parameter identification method based on incremental learning LU500551B1 (en)

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