KR950004519B1 - A safety elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Safety lift

1 is an exploded perspective view of a conventional steel bar.

2 is an exploded perspective view of the safety elevator of the present invention.

3 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a rope is staggered in the roller of FIG.

4 is a schematic view showing the braking means of the present invention.

5 is a schematic view showing the rope braking means of the present invention.

6 is a state diagram used in the elevator of the present invention.

7 is a cross sectional view of FIG.

8 is a cross sectional view of FIG.

9 is a schematic view showing another rising means of the safety elevator of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

50: brake band 51: lever

60: fly wheel 65: planetary carrier

66,67,68: Planetary gear 70: Internal gear

76,77,78: 1,2,3 roller 80: End plate

100: handle 200: rope

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a safety elevator, and more particularly, to a safety elevator having an improved structure so that the elevator can be lifted when an emergency escape from a high-rise building or when cleaning a glass window of a high-rise building.

When an emergency such as a fire occurs in a high-rise building or apartment, residents have evacuated through elevators or emergency exits, or used elevated ladder cars. However, these elevators and emergency exits are closed and are not suitable as a means of evacuation, and the elevated ladder cars have a limited height of reaching them.

Accordingly, what has recently appeared is a so-called safety lowering machine or lowering machine. It is designed to suspend a person or object on a cable that is released from a speed controlled reel.

Such a conventional steel bar is shown in FIGS. 1 and 8.

In the end plate 25 formed with the hook 26, three guide rollers 21, 22, 23 are provided with a shaft 24 and a flaw formed on the outer circumferential surface thereof, and these guide rollers 21 ( 22 and 23 are arranged in a triangle so that the rope 29 may be guided between the guide rollers 21 and 22 and between the guide rollers 22 and 23 at regular intervals.

The end plate 25 is provided with an inner gear 20 having a gear 19 formed on its inner circumferential surface with the shaft 24 as its center. And the planetary gears (11, 12, 13) meshing with the gear 19 of the inner tooth (20) on the upper surface is arranged at regular intervals, and the pulley (pulley) is wound around the rope 29 14 is fixed to the shaft 24 is a planetary carrier 15 is fixed. The rope 29 wound on the pulley 14 is guided between the guide rollers 21 and 22 and between the guide rollers 22 and 23. Then, the sun gears 9 are arranged between the planetary gears 11, 12 and 13 on the lower surface thereof and are engaged with the sun gears 11, 12, 13, and the brake weights are fixed to the grooves 10a formed on the outer circumferential surface thereof. A fly wheel 10 with a weight 8 inserted therein is coupled to the shaft 24. And the upper portion of the fly wheel 10 is coupled to the cover 5, the inner side of the friction surface 4 when the fly wheel 10 is rotated by the centrifugal force of the brake weight 8 fly fly (10) ) To come into frictional contact.

When the emergency structure such as a fire occurs in a high-rise building, the steel bar is fixed to the hook 26 to the building, and the poly 14 is wound to hold one strand of rope 29 among two strands of rope facing in one direction. If you descend, At this time, the descending speed is lowered to a much lowered speed than free fall, and its action is as follows.

When a person or an object hangs on a strand of rope 29, the pulley 14 on which the rope 29 is wound is rotated by friction with the rope 29, and the rotational speed of the pulley 14 is internally geared. It is decelerated by the speed ratio determined by the ratio between the number of teeth of (20) and the number of teeth of the solar gear (9). For example, if the number of teeth of the sun gear 9 is 9 and the number of teeth of the inner tooth 20 is 45, the rotational speed of the poly 14 is rotated at a speed six times lower than the rotational speed of the flywheel 10. . In case of internal gear fixing, the speed ratio of the planetary carrier to the solar gear is as follows.

[Speed ratio = (Number of teeth of internal gear / Number of teeth of solar gear) +1]

The flywheel 10 is increased by the speed ratio by the rotation of the poly 14 rotated by the frictional force with the loaded hoop 29, and the brake weight 8 of the increased speed of the flywheel 10 is increased. The rotational force of the poly 14 is increased by decelerating from the groove 10a by the centrifugal force and rubbing against the friction surface 4 of the cover 5 to reduce the rotational speed. Thus, the rope 29 is safely lowered by being released from the poly 14 which is rotated at a low speed.

However, the stiffener of the configuration as described above has a problem that the braking means is not provided when a person descends on the rope 29 while dangerous goods or obstacles are present in the lower portion. And, as described above, if there is a dangerous object in the lower and lower, it is preferable to brake the lower and to rise to the appropriate position and then lower back to a safe position. Such a function could not be expected in conventional steel mills.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a safety elevator that can control a reliable ascent speed.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a transmission with a sun gear on the center, a planetary gear provided at a predetermined interval on the circumference and circumscribed therein, and a ring-shaped inner tooth in which the planetary teeth are inscribed. A planetary rotational motion is provided around a rotatable planetary carrier provided coaxially with the sun gear, and a pulley on which a rope is wound is fixed coaxially to the planetary carrier, and the sun gear is braked on its outer peripheral surface. A safety lift having a groove provided with a groove into which a weight is inserted is fixed coaxially, surrounding the fly wheel, and having a friction-contacted cover in which the brake weight is in frictional contact with an inner surface thereof. First roller to guide primary contact: Rope through pulley and first roller A second roller having a secondary contact with the first roller in a winding direction, wherein the rope is wound around the first roller; A third roller bringing the rope into third contact with the second roller and the poly; And braking means for controlling the rotational movement of the flywheel.

Hereinafter, another preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing another safety elevator according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a state in which the elevator of FIG. 2 is assembled. Such lifts include solar gears 64 on the center and planetary gears 6 6 (67) and 68 provided at predetermined intervals on the circumference and circumscribed thereto, and the planetary gears 66, 67 and 68. Is provided with a transmission portion having a ring-shaped inner tooth 70 in which air is inscribed. The shaft 101 is rotatably assembled and the internal gear 70 is assembled to the end plate 80. In addition, planetary gears 66, 67, and 68 that are engaged with the inner tooth 70 are installed on the upper surface, and the pulley 69 having the guide groove 69a formed thereon is wound so that the rope 200 is wound on the lower surface. The fixed planetary carrier 65 is rotatably coupled to the shaft 101.

A brake weight 63 is installed in the coupling groove 62 formed on the outer circumferential surface of the rim 61 and a sun gear 64 meshed with the planetary gears 66, 67, and 68. The inserted flywheel 60 is assembled on the planet carrier 65. The cover 55 is coupled to the upper portion of the fly wheel 60.

In addition, the end plate 80 (see FIG. 3) includes a first roller 76 for guiding the rope 2 00 to primary contact with the poly 69, a pulley 69, and a first roller 76. A second roller 78 in contact with the first roller 76 in the winding direction in the winding direction and the rope wound around the second roller 78, the second roller 78, and the poly ( A third roller 77 is installed at 69 to make third contact with the rope.

At this time, among the rollers 76, 77, 78, the roller 78 is installed to be movable toward the center of the pulley 69. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the slot 78 'is formed in the end plate 80 to allow the roller 78 to slide. Thus, the rollers 78 are in contact with and detachable from the rollers 76 and 77 so that they can adjust the magnitude of the frictional force with the rope 200 wound thereon. And a pair of guide rollers 79 and 79 ', respectively, for guiding the rope 200 to the rope entry side and the discharge side wound by winding the pulleys 69 and the rollers 76, 77 and 78. It is installed on the plate 80. Wherein the guide 200 formed in the outer circumferential surface of the pulley 69 and the rollers 76, 77, 78 of the planet carrier 65 as shown in FIG. Is formed. The guide furnace 300 may be elliptical to increase the friction area between the rope 200 and the pulleys 69 and rollers 76, 77, 78.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 2, the pulleys 69 and the rollers 76, 77 and 78 may form gears on their upper and lower outer circumferential surfaces so as to be engaged with each other. Therefore, the rollers 7 6, 77, 78 are rotated by gear bites, thereby making it possible to reliably transmit power without slipping.

And the cover 55 is provided with a braking means for braking the fly after the 60, the braking means to close the outer peripheral surface of the fly wheel 60 as shown in Figure 2 and 4 One end of the brake band 50 is hinged (53) to the cover 55, the other end is connected to the lever 51, the spring (52) to the hinge 53, each end of the cover 55 and the lever ( 51, the brake band 50 is elastically biased to the outer circumferential surface of the flywheel 60. At this time, the brake band 50 is always in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the fly wheel 60 by the spring (52). When the lever 51 is rotated, the braking of the fly after 60 can be released.

In addition, a lifting means for raising the elevator is provided, and the lifting means is configured to press-fit the flywheel 60 to the shaft 101 and include a handle 100. At this time, the fly wheel 60 and the shaft 101 is preferably formed integrally.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, a motor 180 may be installed on the shaft 101 of the flywheel 60 to raise the elevator by the power of the motor 180. . At this time, the elevator will need to install a separate handle (not shown) that the user can hold the elevator.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, when the elevator is lifted by the lifting means using the handle 100 or the motor 180, the rope 200 is pulleys 6 9 and 1st at the guide roller 79 ′. Rope braking means is provided to prevent excessive entry into the sides of the 2, 3 rollers 76, 77, 78. The braking means is rotatably coupled to the rotating shaft of the guide roller 79, and has a locking member 8 2 having the same curvature as the groove of the guide roller 79, and the upper surface of the guide roller 79. And a locking piece 81 which is eccentrically hinged to the rotating shaft.

Here, the locking member 82 is installed to be idling with respect to the guide roller 79, and a pair of guide rollers 79 via a spring 82 'between the locking member 82 and the upper surface of the guide roller 79. The elastic bias in the direction away from the rope 200 is guided between). In addition, the locking piece 81 is elastically biased toward the center of the guide roller 79 via a spring 81 'between the upper surface of the guide roller 79 and the locking piece 81. On the other hand, it will be preferable to form a stopper (not shown) in the end plate 80 to prevent excessive rotation of the locking member 82.

Such a rope braking means has the other end of the locking piece 81 out of the circumference of the guide roller 79 by the centrifugal force when the guide roller 79 is rotated more than a predetermined number of times when the elevator is lifted. It is operated to move toward the rope guide groove side of the guide roller 79 while interlocking the locking member 82. At this time, the locking member 82 is positioned between the groove and the rope of the guide roller 79 to stop the entry of the rope and the rotation of the guide roller 79 by the wedge action. Here, when the guide roller 79 is below a certain number of revolutions, the spring 81 'force should be considered so that the locking piece 81 is not operated by the centrifugal force.

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 2, the tip of the rope 200, such as a hook (hook) 150 shown in the appropriate fastening means is installed to be able to fasten to a rigid support. Unexplained numerals 80 'and 80 " embodied in the end plate 80 are lugs to which appropriate suspending means, such as support belts, which can suspend a person or an object. The safety elevator of such a configuration is used in an emergency state such as a fire and its operation is as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 6, the support belt 160 is worn on the body of the user 170, and then the hook 150 and / or the rope 200 of the rope is hung on a rigid support such as a pillar or a window frame. Wind up And when the user 170 jumps down through the window or the like, the elevator is stopped on the rope 200, which is the brake band 50 provided in the cover 55 by the spring 52 to the fly wheel 60 Braking and the rope 200 is wound on the pulley 69 and the first, second and third rollers 76, 77 and 78 of the planet carrier 65 and stopped by the friction force therebetween. Will be. At this time, the second roller 78 is moved in close contact with the other first and third rollers 76 and 77 by the load of the user.

When the user 170 releases the braking of the flywheel 60 by rotating the lever 51 connected to the brake band 50, the user 170 descends due to the user's own weight. In this case, the dominant carrier 65 The rotational speed of the pulley 69 is rotated at a safe low speed. This is because the rotational speed of the pulley 69 of the planet carrier 65 is decelerated by the speed ratio than the rotational speed of the sun gear 64 of the flywheel 60, and the centrifugal force by the rotation of the flywheel 60 is rotated. As a result of the friction of the brake wave 63 with the brake band 50, the rotation load of the flywheel 60 is increased to slow down the rotation of the pulley 69 of the planet carrier 65, thereby reducing the pulleys 69 and the first, This is possible by increasing the friction between the two and three rollers 76, 77, 78 and the rope 200.

In addition, the rope 200 is wound between the pulleys 69 and the first, second, and third rollers 76, 77, 78 (for example, by using the foot to cross the rope when descending on the outer rope rope). The second roller 78 is brought into closer contact with the first and third rollers 76 and 77 due to the weight of the person and the elevator. By this action, the descending speed of the elevator can be controlled to a safe speed.

As such, when lowering at a low speed and an obstacle such as a dangerous object is present in the lower portion, the elevator 51 is stopped by releasing the lever 51 rotated. That is, when the lever 51 rotated, the brake band 50 is brought into close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the fly wheel 60 by the restoring force of the spring 52, thereby stopping the lowering of the elevator by stopping the fly wheel 60. At this time, the planetary gears 66, 67 and 68 engaged with the stationary sun gear 64 and the inner tooth 70 are stopped so that the planet carrier 65 is rotated and the pulley 69 and the first, second, and third gears are stopped. The lowering of the elevator is stopped by the friction force with the rope 200 wound between the rollers 76, 77 and 78. Subsequently, when the handle 100 pushed into the flywheel 60, which is a speed increasing part, is rotated, the flywheel is as much as the speed ratio determined by the tooth ratio between the sun gear 66 and the inner tooth 70. 60 is to be rotated at a faster speed than the planet carrier (65). Therefore, the flywheel 60 can be rotated with a small moment while the rotational load of the pulley 69 is increased in proportion to the speed ratio. For example, if the speed ratio of the sun gear 64 and the internal gear 70 is about 6: 1, and the lifting force of the average person (60 kg body weight) is 20 kg, the rotational horsepower of the fly wheel 60 and the pulley (69) Rotational horsepower of 1 :) is about 120 to increase the rotational load of the pulley (69). Therefore, even by the force of the ordinary man can operate the handle 100 to lift the elevator, a sufficient friction force is provided between the rope 200 and the pulley (69).

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 9, the motor 180 may be mounted on the shaft 101 to be raised by the power of the motor 180 without operating the handle 100.

As such, when raising the elevator using the motor 180, a phenomenon in which the rope 200 extended to the lower side of the elevator excessively enters the second and third rollers 78 and 77, occurs. When the rotation of the guide roller 79 'is fast, the rotational inertia of the locking piece 81 is rotated to interlock the locking member 82 to move between the guide groove of the guide roller 79' and the rope 200. Therefore, the locking member 82 is interposed between the rope 200 and the guide roller 79 'to stop the rotation of the guide roller 79' by the wedge action. Therefore, the power of the motor 180 is entered into the lower end of the lower rope 200 to prevent the risk of the elevator itself falling down.

As described above, the conventional slack machine is not provided with a braking means, and when a person descends on a rope and a dangerous object or obstacle is present in the lower part, braking is impossible, and the dangerous object exists in the lower part. In this case, it is preferable to brake the lowering and ascend to an appropriate position and then lower the safety position again. In the conventional lifting machine, such a function could not be expected, while the safety elevator according to the present invention includes a braking means and an raising means. The conventional problem as described above is solved.

As described above, the present invention provides a safety elevator capable of controlling the ascending speed as well as being capable of braking and reverse rising.

Claims (9)

Solar gear 64 on the center and planetary gears 66, 67 and 68 provided at predetermined intervals on the circumference and circumscribed therein, and ring gears in which the planetary gears 66, 67 and 68 are inscribed. The planetary gear 66, 67 and 68 has a planetary rotational motion around the rotatable planetary carrier 65 provided coaxially with the sun gear 64. The pulley 69 on which the rope 200 is wound is coaxially fixed to the planet carrier 65, and the sun gear 64 is a groove in which the brake weight 63 is inserted into the outer circumferential surface thereof. A fly lift 60 provided with a 62 is coaxially fixed, wraps around the fly wheel 60, and has a safety lift having a cover 55 in which the brake weight 63 is in frictional contact with its inner surface. A first roller (76) for guiding the rope (200) in primary contact with the pulley (69); A second roller (78) which makes a secondary contact between the pulley (69) and the first roller (76) in the winding direction with respect to the spiral first roller (76), and the rope is wound around it; A third roller (77) for bringing the rope into third contact with the second roller (78) and the pulley (69); Safety elevator, characterized in that it comprises a braking means for controlling the rotational movement of the fly wheel (60). The safety elevator of claim 1, further comprising a lifting means. According to claim 1, wherein the second roller (78) is installed to be able to move a predetermined distance in the direction of the center of the pulley (69), so as to contact or detach the rope with respect to the other rollers (76, 77). Safety elevator characterized in that. The safety elevator according to claim 1, wherein the braking means includes a brake band (50) for closely contacting the outer circumferential surface of the flywheel (60) to the bucketer (55) to generate a predetermined frictional force. The safety elevator according to claim 1, wherein the lifting means is provided by installing a handle (00) on the shaft (101) of the flywheel (60). 3. The safety elevator of claim 2, wherein the lifting means is configured by installing a motor (1 80) on the shaft (101) of the flywheel (60). A pair according to claim 2, wherein the pairs of the first, second, third rollers (76, 77, 78) guide the ropes (200) on the rope entry side and the discharge side, and the rope guide grooves are formed on the outer circumference thereof. Safety lift, characterized in that the guide rollers (79, 79 ') are provided. 8. The guide roller 79 'is provided with a rope braking means for preventing the rope 200 from excessively entering the rollers 76, 77 and 78. Safety lift. 9. The locking member (82) according to claim 8, wherein the rope braking means has the same curvature as the guide groove of the guide roller (79 ') and is coupled to the rotating shaft of the guide roller (79'), and the guide roller (79). Safety elevator, characterized in that the upper surface of the hinge is coupled to the other shaft and the locking piece 81 for interlocking the locking member 82 in accordance with the rotation of the guide ruler (79).