KR950004170B1 - Biological waste water treatment method - Google Patents
Biological waste water treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- KR950004170B1 KR950004170B1 KR1019920011865A KR920011865A KR950004170B1 KR 950004170 B1 KR950004170 B1 KR 950004170B1 KR 1019920011865 A KR1019920011865 A KR 1019920011865A KR 920011865 A KR920011865 A KR 920011865A KR 950004170 B1 KR950004170 B1 KR 950004170B1
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 미생물을 이용하여 폐수에 포함되어 있는 유기물질을 분해시키는 방법에 관한 것으로서, 특히 통성 혐, 호기성 미생물층을 다중형성시켜 폐수의 유기물질을 처리하는 미생물을 이용한 폐수 처리방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for decomposing organic substances contained in wastewater using microorganisms, and more particularly, to a wastewater treatment method using microorganisms for treating organic matter in wastewater by forming multiple layers of aerobic and aerobic microorganisms.
종래에는 일반적으로 폐수의 생물학적 산소요구량(BOD) 농도에 따라 활성오니법이나 소화법을 사용하여 폐수를 처리하여 왔다. 활성오니법온 자연침전, 화학약품을 이용한 침전처리(약품전처리)를 한 후 호기성미생물을 이용하여 BOD농도가 낮은 폐수를 처리하는 방법이고, 소화법은 BOD농도가 높은 폐수를 혐기성미생물을 이용하여 가온ㆍ처리하는 폐수 처리방법이다.Conventionally, the wastewater has been treated using the activated sludge method or the digestion method according to the biological oxygen demand (BOD) concentration of the wastewater. Activated sludge temperature The method of treating sewage with low BOD concentration using aerobic microorganisms after natural sedimentation and sedimentation treatment with chemicals (digestion treatment), and the digestion method is to warm waste water with high BOD concentration using anaerobic microorganisms. ㆍ Wastewater treatment method to treat.
상기와 같은 종래의 미생물을 이용한 폐수 처리방법들은 BOD농도에 따라 폐수를 처리해야 함으로 폐수를 희석 또는 가온 처리하는 번거로움이 있을 뿐 아니라 운전관리 역시 매우 어렵다고 보고되어 있다.Wastewater treatment methods using the conventional microorganisms as described above have to be treated with wastewater according to the BOD concentration, and it is reported that not only hassle of diluting or warming the wastewater, but also operation management is very difficult.
이에 폐수처리의 고도기술은 지구환경의 보존면에서 필수불가결한 요소이며, 최근 브라질의 리오데자네이로에서 세계 환경 정상 회의가 열렸듯이 환경 문제가 지구상에서 최대, 최고의 이슈가 되고 있음을 볼때 새로운 고도의 폐수 처리법이 더욱 요구되고 있는 실정이다.Therefore, the advanced technology of wastewater treatment is an indispensable element in the preservation of the global environment, and as the world environmental summit was held recently in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the new high level of environmental issues is becoming the highest and highest issue on the planet. Wastewater treatment methods are required more.
이에 본 발명은 다중화되는 사회의 수요에 맞추어 고도의 폐수 처리에 대한 기술 개발 확립에 노력을 다한 것이며, 특히 화학공업계의 난분해성 폐수 및 고 BOD농도 폐수를 무희석 미생물처리 할 수 있는 것으로서 수십차례의 현장실험을 통해 개발한 것이다.Therefore, the present invention has made efforts to establish a technology for advanced wastewater treatment in accordance with the demand of the society to be multiplexed, and in particular, it is capable of treating dilution-free microbial treatment of hardly degradable wastewater and high BOD concentration wastewater in the chemical industry. It was developed through field experiments.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래의 문제점을 해결하고 현대산업 사회에 있어 대두되어 있는 환경보존을 위한것으로서, 본 발명의 목적은 통성 협, 호기성 미생물층을 다중 형성시켜 폐수를 BOD농도에 관계없이 처리할 수 있는 폐수 처리방법을 제공함에 있다.The present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above and for the preservation of the environment emerging in the modern industrial society, the object of the present invention is to form a multi-functional narrow, aerobic microbial layer to treat wastewater regardless of BOD concentration. To provide a wastewater treatment method that can be.
일반적으로 산소공급을 필요로 하는 폐수 처리방법을 호기성 처리방법이라 하고 산소공급이 필요치 않은 폐수 처리방법을 혐기성 처리방법이라 하며, 이때에 사용되는 미생물을 호기성 또는 혐기성 미생물이라 한다.In general, wastewater treatment methods that require oxygen supply are called aerobic treatment methods, and wastewater treatment methods that do not require oxygen supply are called anaerobic treatment methods, and microorganisms used at this time are called aerobic or anaerobic microorganisms.
상기의 호기성 및 혐기성 미생물을 이용하는 폐수 처리방법은 관리상 증식환경 및 제조건 등의 조저에 고도의 기술이 요구되었다. 이에 비해 본 발명에 있어서 사용되는 통성 혐, 호기성 미생물층은 온도변화, PH변화, 농도변화, 독성 및 부하변동 등에 잘 적응하므로 상기 제조건을 폐수조성에 따라 적합히 설계, 관리 및 운용하면 된다.The wastewater treatment method using the aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms requires a high level of technology in terms of management of the growth environment and manufacturing conditions. In contrast, the anaerobic, aerobic microbial layer used in the present invention adapts well to temperature changes, pH changes, concentration changes, toxicity, and load changes, so that the above conditions may be appropriately designed, managed, and operated according to the wastewater composition.
통상적으로 폐수 처리에 이용 가능한 미생물의 종류는 다음과 같다.Typically, the types of microorganisms available for wastewater treatment are as follows.
1) 편성 호기성 미생물층1) Organized Aerobic Microbial Layer
호기성 상태에서 성장을 하며 에너지를 합성하려면 절대적으로 산소가 필요한 미생물로 바실루스( Bacillus, 간균)속 등이 있으며 폐수 처리에는 적용하지 않는다.It is a microorganism that requires oxygen to synthesize energy while growing in an aerobic state. There are Bacillus genus and it does not apply to wastewater treatment.
2) 호기성 미생물층2) aerobic microbial layer
성장에 산소가 요구되며 산소압이 정상(0.2atm)보다 높을 때에는 산소 저해작용에 의해 성장이 정지되며 그 종류로는 스피릴륨(Spirillum, 나선균)속, 아조피릴륨(Azospirillum)속, 아쿼어스피릴륨(Aquaspillum)속, 슈도모나스(Pseudomonas)속, 오시노피릴륨(Oceanospirillum)속 등이 있다.Oxygen is required for growth, and when the oxygen pressure is higher than normal (0.2atm), growth is stopped by oxygen inhibitory action, and the types are spirillium (Spirillum), azospirillum, and aquaspir The genus of the genus is the alium (Aquaspillum), Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas), the genus Osinanospirillum (Oceanospirillum).
3) 통성, 호기성 미생물층3) breathable, aerobic microbial layer
산소를 꼭 필요로 하지 않고 다만 산소가 있으면 ATP합성 속도가 빠를 뿐이며, 온도 및 부하변동에 강하고 호흡속도가 빠르며 CH3기를 함유한 화합물의 분해능이 호기성보다 높다.Oxygen is not required, but if oxygen is present, ATP synthesis rate is fast, resistant to temperature and load fluctuations, fast respiration rate, and CH 3 group containing compound has higher resolution than aerobic.
4) 통성, 혐기성 미생물층4) breathable, anaerobic microbial layer
통상 기질 분해균이라 칭하며, 그 특징은 통성, 호기성 미생물층과 유사하다. 그 종류로는 포토박테리움 (Photobacterium)속, 자이모모나스(Zymomonas)속, 프트랩토바실루스(Streptobacillus)속, 액티노바실루스(Actinobacillus)속, 시트로박타(Citrobacter)속, 및 엔트로박타(Enterobacter)속 등이 있다.Usually referred to as substrate degrading bacteria, the characteristics are similar to the breathable, aerobic microbial layer. The genus includes Photobacterium genus, Zymomonas genus, Streptobacillus genus, Actinobacillus genus, Citroacter genus, and entrobacters. Enterobacter).
5) 혐기성 미생물5) Anaerobic Microorganisms
전자전자계에 의해 산소와 관계 없이 에너지를 생성한다. 산소를 전자 수용체로 사용할 수는 없지만 산소가 존개하여도 성장이 가능하다. 혐기성 미생물은 발효처리 및 회수가 가능하므로 경제적이다.The electrons generate energy regardless of oxygen. Oxygen cannot be used as an electron acceptor, but growth is possible even when oxygen is present. Anaerobic microorganisms are economical because they can be fermented and recovered.
단, 반응시간과 반응온도, 설비에 많은 제한을 받는다. 그 종류로는 주로 메소제닉박테리아(Methogenicbacteria)로서 퓨소박테리움(Fusobacterium)속, 썩시니모나스(Succinimonas)속, 및 언에이로바이오스리필륨(Anserobiospirillum)속, 및 액시드아미노코커스(Acidaminococcus)속 등이 있다.However, there are many restrictions on reaction time, reaction temperature, and equipment. The species are mainly mesogenic bacteria of the genus Fusobacterium, Succinimonas, and Ansbiobiospirillum, and Acidaminococcus. Etc.
6 ) 편기성 혐기성 미생물6) Kneading anaerobic microorganism
산소가 미생물에 해를 줌으로 산소는 필요치 않고, 그 종류로는 황산염 유도 박테리아(Sulfate reducing barcteria)인 액티노마이세스(Actinomyces)속 및 스트랩토코커스(Streptococcus)속 등이 있으며 폐수 처리에는 적용하지 않는다.Oxygen harms microorganisms, so oxygen is not needed. Examples include the genus Sulfate reducing barcteria, Actinomyces and Streptococcus, which do not apply to wastewater treatment. Do not.
미생물은 통상 호흡대사시에 유기물을 분해하고 안정상태로 있기 위해 아데노신 트리포스페이트(ATP)를 적용시켜 물질을 분해한다.Microorganisms typically decompose substances by applying adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to decompose organic matter and remain stable during respiration metabolism.
이와 같이 통상의 생합성에 있어 ATP는 필수요소이며 미생물의 생식계에서 ATP생산능은 미생물이 각각 보유하는 활성능을 크게 좌우한다. 따라서 폐수처리시에도 상기 ATP생산능은 매우 중요하다. 또한 폐수처리시에 폐수의 조서에 최적인 미생물을 선정하는 것도 중요하다.As described above, ATP is an essential element in normal biosynthesis, and the ability of ATP production in the reproductive system of microorganisms greatly depends on the activity of each microorganism. Therefore, the ATP production capacity is very important even in wastewater treatment. It is also important to select the microorganisms that are optimal for the wastewater treatment in the wastewater treatment.
본 발명에 있어서 통성 혐, 호기성 미생물층을 다중 형성시켜 사용하는 것은 상기에 설명한 ATP합성 특징에서 기인된 것이다.In the present invention, the formation and use of multiple anaerobic and aerobic microbial layers is attributable to the characteristics of ATP synthesis described above.
상기에서 언급한 본 발명의 목적을 달성하기 위한 통성 혐, 호기성 미생물층을 이용한 폐수 처리방법은 액층과 분리 가능한 통성 혐, 호기성 미생물층을 형성시켜 해당 폐수를 폐수처리 탱크내의 교반수단을 작동시키면서 탱크의 저부로부터 상부로 순차 첩촉시켜 처리하는 것으로 폐수에 함유되어 있는 산소를 이용하여 처리하므로 특별히 분자상 산소의 공급을 거의 필요로 하지 않는 특징이 있다.Wastewater treatment method using aerobic anaerobic, aerobic microbial layer for achieving the object of the present invention mentioned above forms a permeable anaerobic, aerobic microbial layer that is separable from the liquid layer to operate the waste water in the tank while operating the stirring means in the wastewater treatment tank The treatment is performed by sequentially applying from the bottom to the top, so that the oxygen is contained in the wastewater, so that the supply of molecular oxygen is not particularly required.
본 발명에 따른 폐수처리 방법을 실시할 폐수 처리 공정도를 종래의 활성 오니법과 대비 도시하면 다음과같다.The wastewater treatment flow chart to be carried out according to the present invention is shown in comparison with the conventional activated sludge process as follows.
상기의 본 발명의 폐수 처리방법에 따른 처리공정도 중 본 발명 부분(미생물 1차처리 부분)을 상세히 도시하면 다음과 같다.The present invention portion (microbial primary treatment portion) of the treatment flow chart according to the wastewater treatment method of the present invention described above is as follows.
상기에 도시한 본 발명에 따른 2개의 공정도를 통해 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다The present invention will be described in detail through two process diagrams according to the present invention shown above.
1) 바이오리엑타 BSF I에 통성 혐, 호기성 미생물층을 배양시킨다.1) Incubate aerobic, aerobic microbial layer in Bioriacta BSF I.
2) 바이오리엑타 BSF I대에 설치된 교반수단을 작동시키면서 해당 폐수를 상기 BSF I에 통상 펌프를 사용하여 저부로부터 유입시켜 통성 혐, 호기성 미생물층에 순차 접촉시킨다.2) While operating the agitation means installed in the Bioriacta BSF I zone, the wastewater is introduced into the BSF I from the bottom by using a normal pump and sequentially contacted with the permeable, aerobic microbial layer.
3) 상기 BSF I를 접촉시킨 폐수를 상부를 통해 바이오리엑타 BSR로 월류시킨다.3) The wastewater contacted with the BSF I is overflowed to the BioLiacta BSR through the top.
4) 바이오리엑타 BSR에서 필요시 산기관(폭기장치)를 이용하여 내용물을 폭기시킨다.4) In Bioreacta BSR, if necessary, aerators are used to aerator the contents.
5) 일부 미생물을 펌프를 이용하여 바이오리엑타 BSF I에 돌려 보내고 그 나머지는 위치압을 이용하여 이송시킨다.5) Some microorganisms are returned to Bioriacta BSF I using a pump and the rest are transferred using position pressure.
6) 상기 바이오리엑타 BSF II에서는 상기 바이오리엑타 BSF I에서와 동일한 방법으로 처리한다.6) The bioriacta BSF II is treated in the same manner as in the bioriacta BSF I.
7) 상이 바이오리엑타 BSF II를 통과한 내용물을 BSH에서 고농도 유동 호기성 미생물을 이용하여하고 BSC에서 고정상 호기성 미생물을 이용하여 난분해성 물질을 최종처리하여 활성탄으로 처리한 후 처리된 최종처리수를 방류한다.7) The contents passed through Bioriacta BSF II are treated with activated carbon using high concentration flow aerobic microorganisms in BSH, and fixed bed aerobic microorganisms in BSC, treated with activated carbon, and then discharged treated water. .
상기에서 펌프를 대신하여 위치압을 이용할 수도 있다.It is also possible to use the position pressure in place of the pump in the above.
또한 BOD농도가 낮은 경우에슨 상기 BSR, BSF II장치를 사용하지 않고 월류한 내용물을 BSH로 보낼수도 있다.In addition, when the BOD concentration is low, the excess content may be sent to the BSH without using the BSR and BSF II devices.
여기서 상기 바이오리엑타 BSF I, BSR, BSF II 공정을 FOBL이라 칭한다. 즉 FOBL은 본 발명에 따른 폐수 처리방법이다.Here, the bioreacta BSF I, BSR, and BSF II processes are referred to as FOBL. That is, FOBL is a wastewater treatment method according to the present invention.
본 발명에 따른 폐수 처리방법의 우서성을 입증하기 위해 본 발명자는 여러가지 대비실험을 하였다. 모든 시험은 실온, 실압에서 행해졌다.In order to prove the superiority of the wastewater treatment method according to the present invention, the present inventors made various contrast experiments. All tests were performed at room temperature and actual pressure.
(시험 1)(Test 1)
본 발명에 따른 폐수 처리방법(FOBL)과 종래의 활성오니법을 이용하여 BOD 20,000ppm의 100M3/D 폐수의 처리시의 BOD농도 대비시험.Wastewater treatment method (FOBL) according to the present invention and the BOD concentration test in the treatment of 100M 3 / D wastewater of BOD 20,000ppm using a conventional activated sludge method.
(시험 2)(Test 2)
통성 혐, 호기성 미생물층과 호기성층의 CH3기를 함유하는 화합물의 분해능 대비실험Comparison test of compound containing CH 3 groups in aerobic, aerobic and aerobic layers
* 상기 시험은 실온, 실압에서 행해졌음.* The test was conducted at room temperature and actual pressure.
(시험 3)(Test 3)
통상 혐, 호기성 미생물층과 호기성 미생물층의 난분해성 화합물의 분해능 대비시험Comparison test for the resolution of hardly decomposable compounds in anaerobic and aerobic microbial layers
(시험 4)(Test 4)
호기성, 통성 혐, 호기성, 혐기성 미생물을 이용한 폐수처리 성능 대비Performance comparison of wastewater treatment using aerobic, breathable anaerobic, aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms
이상에서와 같이 본 발명에 따른 폐수 처리방법에 의하면 폐수중에 함유된 분자상 산소를 이용하므로 유입 산소량이 극히 적어 종래의 방법(활성오니법)보다 공기유입 송풍장치(BLOWER)의 작동 연비가 절감되며 폐수의 BOD농도에 관계없이 처리 가능함으로써 폐수의 희석이 필요치 않고, 특히 단분해성 폐수의 처리가 용이하고 약품전처리를 하지 않음으로써 2차 슬럿지를 극히 적게 발생시키는 등의 효과가 있다.As described above, according to the wastewater treatment method according to the present invention, since the molecular oxygen contained in the wastewater is used, the amount of oxygen introduced is extremely small, and thus the operating fuel efficiency of the air inlet blower (BLOWER) is reduced compared to the conventional method (active sludge method). Regardless of the BOD concentration of the waste water, it is possible to treat the waste water without requiring dilution, and in particular, it is easy to treat the mono-degradable waste water and there is an effect of generating a very small number of secondary sludges by not performing the chemical pretreatment.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019920011865A KR950004170B1 (en) | 1992-07-03 | 1992-07-03 | Biological waste water treatment method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019920011865A KR950004170B1 (en) | 1992-07-03 | 1992-07-03 | Biological waste water treatment method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR940002176A KR940002176A (en) | 1994-02-16 |
| KR950004170B1 true KR950004170B1 (en) | 1995-04-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| KR1019920011865A KR950004170B1 (en) | 1992-07-03 | 1992-07-03 | Biological waste water treatment method |
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| Country | Link |
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| KR (1) | KR950004170B1 (en) |
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1992
- 1992-07-03 KR KR1019920011865A patent/KR950004170B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| KR940002176A (en) | 1994-02-16 |
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