KR900005029Y1 - Brushless motor - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Blower

1 is an exploded perspective view of a blower in the first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is an exploded view of the armature coil and position detection coil and the field magnet.

3 is an energization control circuit diagram.

4 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the energization control circuit of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram at each point of FIG.

6 is an exploded perspective view of the blower of the second embodiment of the present invention.

7 is an explanatory diagram of the stator yoke of the third embodiment of the present invention.

8 is an explanatory diagram of the stator yoke of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: Blower Fixing Case 2: Sintered Metal (Axle)

3: bearing holder 4: pivot bearing

5: screw hole 6: protrusion

7: printed board 8: lead wire

9: Perforation 10: Armature coil and position detection coil

11 electric parts 12 perforation

13: thread 14, 14 ', 14 ": stator choke

15: Perforation 16, 16 ', 16 ": Cut out part

17: rotating fan 17a: plastic base

17b: fan 18: axis of rotation

19: rotor yoke 20: field magnet

21: cover case 22: screw

23: thrust support plate 24: air discharge hole

25: air blowing hole 26 to 29: enclosed by dotted lines

30: energization control circuit 31: power switch

32: power supply 33-35: direction line

36: base 37: slider

38: sintered metal 39: bearing holder

40: printed board 41: screw

42: screw hole 43: swim bolt

43a: screw hole 44: screw hole

45: long hole 46: electric magnetic coil and position detection coil

47: electrical components for the energization control circuit 48, 49: perforation

50: cover 51: air blowing hole

52: air discharge hole 53: protrusion

54: screw 55: perforation

L ₁ : Armature coil L ₂ : Position detection coil

The present invention relates to a blower having a rotating fan formed to send wind to the side when rotating.

In recent years, the use of DC motors has been increasing, especially in the case of a blower that blows wind to the side when rotating. This DC motor has a better efficiency than the AC motor, but has a short life due to the presence of a brush and a commutator. There is a flaw.

Therefore, it is considered to adopt a DC brushless motor.

This DC brushless motor has a disadvantage of becoming expensive because it is necessary to use a position detecting element and a driving circuit for each constant.

The use of such an expensive DC brushless motor is not suitable for a blower that must be inexpensively formed.

Therefore, in the blower, the single position detection element adopts a single-phase DC brushless fan motor having one drive circuit in one phase.

In such a single-phase DC brushless motor, there is a method of using a rotation converter such as a Hall element and a position detecting coil as the position detecting element.

The former method has the disadvantage that the magnetoelectric conversion element is expensive and the driving circuit is also expensive, which has the advantage of determining the rotation direction of the motor.

The latter method of using the position detecting coil has the disadvantage of being cumbersome in determining the rotation direction of the motor, but has the advantage that the driving circuit is inexpensive.

All of these single-phase DC brushless motors cannot self-rotate unless they form a magneto-dynamically treating means.

Moreover, since most of the conventional single-phase DC brushless motors are made of iron-core DC brushless motors, it is very troublesome to make the blower thinner and lighter.

The present invention enables the coreless single-phase disk-type brushless motor to be self-moving without installing special magnetic motion processing means, and to be ultra-thin and ultra-light, as well as to simplify the construction and inexpensive. Its purpose is to obtain a blower so that it can be blown to the side by a rotating fan that can be assembled by means of a rotating fan, and a position detecting coil is formed at an in-phase position with the armature coil of the stator armature as a component of the blower. A position cutout having a predetermined width is formed in the stator yoke of the single-phase brushless motor which energizes the armature coil with the electromotive force from the armature coil as a position detection signal. This single-phase DC motor is a superior type blower that can be rotated in either direction. Thereby achieving that goal.

1 is an exploded perspective view of a blower as a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein the flat cap-shaped blower fixing case 1 is formed of a nonmagnetic material or magnetic material such as plastic, and at its center is a sintered metal (shaft) (2). A bearing holder 3 having a) is formed, and a cover bearing number 4 is attached to the lower portion thereof. At the bottom of the inner surface of the case 1, the protrusions 6 having the screw holes 5 are formed at two places, and the lead wire 8 connected to the printed board 7 to be described later is connected to the case 1. (2) A perforation 9 for taking out is formed. The printed circuit board 7 has a fan-shaped armature coil and position detecting coil 10 formed by bifilar winding of two conductive wires, and at the same time, an electric circuit for control circuits is provided between the printed boards 7. The component 11 group is arrange | positioned. The electrical component 11 is disposed on the upper or lower surface of the substrate 7.

One of the two conductive wires forms an armature coil L ₁ , and the other one forms a position detecting coil L ₂ .

The reason why the armature coil and the position detection coil 10 was formed by winding the two conductors by the bi-piler was that the armature coil L ₁ and the position detection coil L ₂ were normally disposed, and the electric parts 11 The reason for this is to allow the group to be reasonably embedded in a limited space and to form a disc-shaped single-phase DC brushless motor of a small coreless structure.

In the printed circuit board 7, perforations 12 are formed at two locations so as to coincide with the screw holes 5. The printed circuit board 7 in which the armature coil and the position detecting coil 10 and the electric component 11 group are arranged is placed on the top surface of the projection 6 by matching the threaded holes 5 and the through holes 12 and the like. A screw 13 made of a nonmagnetic material is attached to the screw hole 5 to be disposed on the top surface of the protrusion 6.

On the lower surface of the printed board 7, the stator yoke 14 is formed by means of adhesion or the like. The stator yoke 14 may be disposed on the upper surface of the printed board 7.

In this case, it is necessary to insulate at least the upper surface of the stator yoke 14.

In this embodiment, since the stator yoke 14 is fixed to the back surface of the printed circuit board 7 by an attaching means, it is not necessary to form a through hole for the screw 13, but in this embodiment, a semicircular stator yoke is provided. The screw 13 at the position of the stator yoke 14 coinciding with the perforation 12 and the screw hole 5 in the stator yoke 14 by selecting (14) and the placement position of the stator yoke 14. ), A through hole 15 for inserting is formed.

The stator yoke 14 is provided with a cutout 16 to be formed for the purpose of the present invention.

This cutout 16 is cut out 180 degrees in this embodiment.

Therefore, the stator yoke 14 is semicircular.

What is necessary is just to select the conditions of the cutout part 16 formed with such a stator yoke 14 on the following conditions.

However, T: field magnetic pole width of the magnetic field m · n: 1 or more constant m = n-1 n · T: width equal to the width of 2p m · T: cutout width So, in this embodiment, as described later, 4 Since the magnetic field magnets of the pole are used, the cutouts 16 having the widths of 3T, 2T, and 1T may be formed in the stator yoke 14. However, in this embodiment, the 2T widths obtained by obtaining more desirable characteristics among several prototypes are obtained. That is, a stator yoke having a cutout portion 16 of 180 degrees is formed so that the blower of the present invention can be operated automatically.

The rotary fan 17 rotates, and is formed so as to blow air on the side, and is integrally formed by plastic, and the rotary shaft 18 is inserted into and fixed to the center thereof.

The rotary fan 17 has a fan 17b of a shape formed in the radial direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the plastic base 17a.

On the lower surface of the plastic base 17a, an annular rotor yoke 19 is fixedly mounted, and on the lower surface, a four-pole annular field magnet 20, in which magnetic poles N and S are alternately magnetized in a thick direction, is installed. Therefore, the armature coil and the position detecting coil 10 are rotated relatively to face to face.

The lower end of the rotating shaft 18 is pivotally rotatable by the sintered metal 2 and the pivot side number 4, and the upper end of the rotating shaft 18 is screwed on the upper inner surface of the cap-shaped cover case 21 made of plastic. It is in contact with the thrust support plate 23 fixed with 22).

On the side of the cover 21, the air discharge hole 24 for blowing the wind sent to the side by the fan 17b to the outside of the cover case 21 by rotating the rotary fan 17 is formed have.

An air blowing hole 25 is formed at the upper end of the cap type cover case 21.

The lower end of the cover case 21 is mounted on the opening end of the case 1 to form a blower main body.

2 is a developed view of the field magnet 20 and the armature coil and position detecting coil 10 (L ₁ , L ₂ ).

As in this development view, the armature coil L ₁ and the position detection coil L ₂ are in the in-phase position as they are formed by being wound by a bi-piler, and the conductor portion in the radial direction of the armature coil and the position detection coil 10 is formed. The opening of 10a and the conductor part 10b is formed with the one magnetic pole width of the field magnet 20. As shown in FIG.

The armature coil and position detecting coil 10 may be stopped at the position at which the maximum starting torque is obtained when the field magnet 20 stops or at the start, that is, the position indicated by the solid line as shown in FIG. desirable.

In order to do this, what is necessary is just to arrange | position the edge part 16a of the cutout part 16 of the stator yoke 14 in the position from which maximum starting torque is obtained.

For example, the position where the end 16a of the cutout 16 is opposed to the effective conductor portion 10a or 10b that will contribute to the generated torque of the coil 10, i. What is necessary is just to arrange | position to the dotted line surrounding part 28 or 29 position which is an in-phase position.

The position where the maximum starting torque is generated, that is, the effective conductor portion 10a or 10b or the in-phase position thereof, is also the position at which the maximum electromotive force is obtained.

Therefore, when the position detecting coil L ₁ and the armature coil L ₂ are not in the same position, the portion 16 is cut out at a position opposite to the effective conductor portion that will contribute to the generation of electromotive force of the position detecting coil L ₂ , or in-phase. What is necessary is to oppose the edge part 16a of ().

In this way, the single-phase brushless motor rotates smoothly because the maximum column torque is obtained during the rotational start.

In addition, the present invention is effective as described above because it does not matter in which direction the rotary fan rotates, but if a single-phase brushless motor must rotate in only one direction, some design is required.

3 is an energization control circuit 30 shown as an embodiment of the present invention. One end of the armature coil L _{1 is} connected to the positive measurement source Vcc, the other end is connected to the collector of the NPN transistor Tr, one end of the position detecting coil L ₂ is grounded to the base of the transistor Tr, and the other end is grounded. (G) is connected.

A series circuit between the capacitor C and the variable resistor R ₁ (which may be simply a resistor) is connected between _one end of the armature coil L ₁ and _one end of the position detection coil L ₂ . The resistor R ₂ is connected in parallel with the capacitor C. The emitter of the transistor is connected to ground (G), the anode of the diode (D) is connected to ground (G), and the cathode of the transistor (Tr ') is connected. You are connected to the base.

The energization control circuit 30 is a circuit which prevents the armature coil L ₁ from being burned out by preventing current from flowing when the motor is closed.

Referring now to FIG. 4, when the power switch 31 of the energization control circuit 30 is closed, the switch 31, the capacitor C, the variable resistor R ₁ , the transistor ( The current flows through the base and emitter of Tr to the negative side of the current 32 as indicated by the direction line 33.

Since the field magnet 20 is stopped by the cutout portion 16 of the stator yoke 14, the bias voltage is now about 0.8 V between the base and the emitter of the transistor Tr. If the variable resistor R ₁ is adjusted so that the switch 31 is closed, a voltage of 0.8 V is applied between the base emitter of the transistor Tr, and when the collector emitter is conducted, the direction line ( Since current flows through the armature coil L ₁ as indicated by 34), a rotation lock is generated according to the Fleming's law, and the field magnet 20 starts to rotate in any direction.

As the field magnet 20 rotates, counter electromotive force is generated in the position detecting coil L ₂ , but the counter electromotive force generated after the starting rotation of the field magnet 20 is current in the same direction as the direction line 33. Will flow.

In other words, current flows like the direction line 35.

When the motor rotates in the direction in which the field magnet 20 is located, the conductor portions 10a and 10b of the position detecting coil L ₂ may face each other until the current of the counter electromotive force flows in the opposite direction to the direction line 35. When the polarity with the field magnet 20 changes, a current flows in the armature coil L _{1 in the} waveform as shown in part (a) of FIG. 5A. At this time, the current waveform of the counter electromotive force of the position detecting coil L ₂ is as shown in part (a) of FIG. 5B.

Next, when the polarity of the field magnets 20 opposite to the conductor portions 10a and 10b of the armature coil and the position detecting coil 10 is changed by the rotation of the field magnet 20, the direction of the counter electromotive force current is changed, and the transistor ( The voltage across the base emitter of Tr) falls below 0.6V.

Therefore, the collector and the emitter of the transistor Tr become non-conductive, and as shown by part (b) of FIG. 5A, no current flows through the armature coil L ₁ .

The current waveform of the counter electromotive force of the position detecting coil L ₂ is as shown in part (b) of FIG. 5B.

However, in FIG. 5A, the magnet 20 is continuously rotated by the inertia and the magnetoresistance due to the rotational force obtained by the portion (a) and the magnetoresistance lock by the cutout portion 16 of the stator yoke 14.

When the polarity of the field magnet 20 with respect to the positions of the conductor portions 10a and 10b of the armature coil and the position detecting coil 10 is changed again, the current of the counter electromotive force generated in the position detecting coil L _{2 is} shown in FIG. Since it flows like the indicated direction line 35, the voltage between the base and emitter of the transistor Tr is 0.6V or more (0.8V), and conducts between the collector and the emitter.

A transistor (Tr) into the conduction by the in 5a degrees (c) an armature coil (L ₁₎ to the waveform display portion current holder (where position detection current waveform of the counter electromotive force of the coil (L ₂₎ of the degree of claim 5b (c) The field magnet 20 is rotated by generating a rotation lock in a predetermined direction.

By repeating such an operation, the field magnet 20 rotates continuously.

The waveforms of (a) to (c) of FIG. 5B are the same waveforms as those of (a) to (c) of FIG. 5A and are generated in the position detecting coil L ₂ when a current flows in the armature coil L ₁ . Current waveform of counter electromotive force.

When the switch 31 is closed, a current flows as indicated by the direction line 33, and the transistor Tr receives a voltage of 0.8 V between the base and the emitter, and conducts the current between the collector and the emitter. The electric current flows through the armature coil L ₁ indicated by the line 34 to start, but at the time of starting, charging is started to the capacitor C shown in FIG. 5C at the same time as the closing of the switch 31. At the end, no current flows.

However, if the field magnet 20 is sufficiently rotated during this period, it is possible to conduct or non-conduct between the collector and emitter of the transistor Tr only by the counter electromotive force generated by the position detecting coil L ₂ .

When the magnetic field magnet 20 is stopped (motor lock) due to external factors, the capacitor C is charged, so the current as in the direction line 33 does not flow, and the magnetic field magnet 20 stops. No counter electromotive force is generated. Thus, without this, the voltage between base-emitter of the transistor (Tr) take the collector-emitter liver does not conduct, since current flows in the armature coil (L ₁₎ is a case that damage to the art armature coil (L ₁₎ is heated none.

When to be restarted, if the character to the switch 31 once pulmonary the switch 31 to the next in which the discharge capacitor (C) by a resistor (R _2), it is possible to operate and restarted as described above.

6 is an exploded perspective view of the blower of the second embodiment of the present invention.

The base 36 formed of plastic has a bearing hole 39 for mounting the slider 37 and the sintered metal 38 and a screw hole 42 for screwing the screw 41 for fixing the printed board 40. And a screw hole 44 for attaching the spool bolt 43 to each other.

In addition, long holes 45 are formed on both side portions of the base 36, and two conductive wires are wound on the upper surface of the printed circuit board 40 fixed by the screws 41 on the upper surface of the base 36. The armature coil L ₁ and the rectangular armature coil and position detecting coil 46 having the position detecting element L ₂ fixed thereto, and at the same time, the electric component for the energization control circuit in the empty portion of the printed circuit board 40. (47) is excreted.

The printed circuit board 40 is also provided with a perforation 48 at a suitable place for screwing the screw 41. The printed circuit board 40 on which the coil 46 and the electrical component 47 are to be disposed is positioned and placed on the base 36, and the screws 41 are screwed into the screw holes 42 through the through holes 48. At the same time, the spool bolt 43 is screwed into the screw hole 44 through the through hole 49 formed in the printed circuit board 40, and the shunt bolt 43 is inserted thereinto fix the printed circuit board 40.

The four-pole field magnet 20 is fixed to the lower surface of the rotor yoke 19 to face the coil 46.

The rotor yoke 19 is fixed to the lower surface of the base 17a of the rotating fan 17, and the rotating fan 17 has a rotating shaft 18 formed at the center thereof, and the sintered metal 38, the slider 37 and the cover 50 Is rotated by the thrust-sk support plate 23 formed in the figure.

The cover 50 is formed of a plastic, and forms an air blowing hole 51 and an air discharge hole 52, like the air blowing hole 25 and the air hole 24 of the cover case 21, and the cover 50. The cover 53 is fixedly installed on the base 36 by elastically pushing the protrusion 53 formed on the side surface of the cover 50 by covering the component with the long hole 45.

The cover 50 is attached to the base 36 by screwing the screw 54 into the screw hole 43a formed at the upper end of the swivel bolt 43 through the through hole 55 provided in the cup 50. It is fixed to.

The structure of the blower in this second embodiment is substantially the same as in the first embodiment, but different from the rotation lock such that the armature coil and position detection coil 46 has two armature coil and position detection coils 10 disposed. It is a point that can be formed.

That is, the armature coil and position detecting coil 46 has a shape such that the conductor portions 46a and 46b which will contribute to the generation lock are opposed to the two poles of 180 degrees symmetry. Even one coil is characterized by being able to generate the same lock as two coils.

Since the operation principle is the same as in the first embodiment, the description is omitted.

FIG. 7 is a third embodiment of the present invention. Instead of the stator yoke 14 in the first embodiment, the width of the cutout 16 'of the stator yoke 14' is formed at 80 degrees.

In the blower of FIG. 1, the stator yoke 14 having the cutout portion 16 'formed at 180 degrees as shown in FIG. 1 is rotated at 2200 rpm under the same conditions when the stator yoke 14 is not formed. The rotation speed of the group which used the stator yoke 14 'which formed the cutout part 16' of 90 degrees shown in FIG. 7 at 2000 rpm and 2 degrees was 2110 rpm.

A larger rotation speed can be obtained without using the stator yoke, but this does not achieve the purpose.

Next, the magnetoresistance of the stator yokes 14 and 14 'was examined, and both of them had good magnetoresistance characteristics, but the vibration of the stator yokes 14' was less than that of the stator yokes 14 '. Was evaluated.

FIG. 8 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, which uses armature coils L ₁ and L ₂ having _two stator yokes 14 " formed at equal intervals. In the above example, one armature coil and one position detecting coil are used, but one or more may be used, and three or more cutouts may be used. It depends on the number of stimuli.

Since the blower of the present invention has the above configuration, (1) the positioning of the Hall element, the Hall IC, the magnetoresistive element, etc. is difficult and expensive, and the magneto-electric conversion element having low heat resistance is not used as the position detecting element. It is easy and can be formed at low cost, and is heat resistant.

(2) The single-phase brushless motor used for the conveying wind device is formed by a cutout in the stator yoke provided by the motor without using a special device. It can be mass-produced at low cost, and can be made small or thin.

(3) In addition, a larger rotation lock can be obtained than in the prior art, and the strong wind can also be blown.

Claims (10)

Rotating fan 17 formed to send wind in the lateral direction by rotating, and field magnet 20 having 2P (P is one or more positive integers) alternately magnetized with magnetic poles of N and S mounted on the fan. And the stator yoke (14, 14 ', 14 ") formed at a position on the fixed side opposite to the field magnet and a stator armature made of at least one coreless armature coil (L ₁ ). ₁ ) and the position detecting coil L ₂ formed at the in-phase position, and the cutout side T≤m * T <n * T in the stator yokes 14, 14 'and 14 ", where T: field A width m · T: cutout width equal to the width of an integer m = n−1 n · T: 2p of one magnetic pole width m · n: 1 or more of one magnet is formed, and the end portion 16a of the cutout width is formed. Position the magnet magnet 20 at the position where the maximum starting torque occurs, and stop or start the field magnet 20 when the maximum starting torque is generated to generate the magnetoresistive torque. At the start, the electromotive force of the position detecting coil L ₂ disposed in the magnetic field is energized to the armature coil L ₁ as a position detecting signal to rotate and drive the rotating fan 17 formed in the field magnet 20. Blower, characterized in that. The blower according to claim 1, wherein the armature coil (L ₁ ) and the position detection coil (L ₃ ) are formed by one armature coil and position detection coil (10) formed by winding the bi-piler and formed in the in-phase position. . The end portion 16a of the cutout portions 16, 16 ', 16 ", 16'" is provided with the effective conductor portions 10a, 10b, 46a, at which the maximum starting torque of the armature coil L ₁ is obtained. A blower characterized in that it is formed at a position opposed to 46b). The method of claim 1, wherein the cut out naenbu (16, 16 ', 16 ", 16'") end (16a), the position detecting coil (L ₂₎ valid for a maximum of mobility occur even body parts (10a, 10b, 46a of the And 46b), wherein the blower is formed. The coreless armature coil (L ₁ ) according to claim 1, wherein the opening of the conductor portions (10a, 10b, 46a, 46b) effective for the generated torque field magnet 20 is an odd multiple of the opening width of the width of one pole Blower, characterized in that formed in. According to claim 1, the position detecting coil (L ₂ ) is a magnetic field of the conductor portion (10a, 10b, 46a, 46b) is effective for generating an electromotive force, the magnet 20 is formed with an odd opening width of an odd multiple of the width of one pole Blower, characterized in that. The field magnet (20) is fixed to the rotating fan (17), and stator electric motor having a face-to-face armature coil and position detecting coil (10) installed therein, and employs a single-phase disc type brushless motor. Blower, characterized in that formed. The field magnet 20 is formed of 4P (P is one or more positive integers) poles, and each conductor portion contributing to the generated torque of the armature coil L ₁ is also opposed to a two-pole which is 180 degrees symmetrical. Blower characterized in that configured in the form of a frame. The blower according to claim 1, wherein one armature coil (L ₁ ) is used. The blower protection cover (21, 50) according to claim 1, wherein the blower is configured to blow wind into the air blowing holes (25, 51) in the axial direction and blow air into the air discharge holes (24, 52) in the radial direction. Blower, characterized in that consisting of.