KR20250061777A - Construction method of the structure of the elevator machine room on the rooftop of an apartment building by recycling the gangform of typical floor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for safely and quickly constructing an elevator machine room floor skeleton construction, and to a method for installing a large steel beam (supporting lifting of a traction machine and a guide rail) installed in a hoistway section of a first-floor machine room floor on a rooftop, including one of the following methods: installing a steel column inside a first-floor elevator hall wall on a rooftop, adjacent to the wall, spaced a certain distance from the wall, on a rooftop floor, or inside a hoistway; installing a steel beam on the steel column; installing a large steel beam on the steel column or the steel beam; installing a machine room floor deck plate, and pouring machine room floor concrete.

Description

{Construction method of the structure of the elevator machine room on the rooftop of an apartment building by recycling the gangform of a typical floor}

The present invention relates to a method for safely and quickly constructing an elevator machine room floor skeleton construction, and to a method for installing a large steel beam (supporting lifting of a traction machine and a guide rail) installed in a hoistway section of a first-floor machine room floor on a rooftop, including one of the following methods: installing a steel column inside a first-floor elevator hall wall on a rooftop, adjacent to the wall, spaced a certain distance from the wall, on a rooftop floor, or inside a hoistway; installing a steel beam on the steel column; installing a large steel beam on the steel column or the steel beam; installing a machine room floor deck plate, and pouring machine room floor concrete.

Additionally, the gang form of the exterior wall is reused in the rooftop frame construction after the top floor is constructed.

The elevator machine room floor should be installed early, but a structure capable of lifting the entire hoist and guide rail is required.

However, conventional technology does not provide a construction method that can safely or quickly perform slab construction.

In addition, during elevator installation, it is unclear whether the structure can withstand the high load of the hoisting machine, rail lifting winch, and guide rail lifting load.

1) How to complete the machine room floor within a few days after completing the rooftop

2) Structure capable of supporting the lifting load (several tons) of the entire guide rail, winch for lifting the hoisting machine

3) Complete the rooftop and hand it over to the electrical team so that the elevator can be started quickly.

[Difficulty in installing steel structures]

When constructing steel columns and beams inside the elevator wall depending on the various wall thicknesses and layout structures, interference may occur during the installation of lower anchors or base plates and steel structures, and reinforcement bar construction, making the work complex and time-consuming.

[Machine room floor structure capable of supporting several tons of load]

When lifting the hoist, the winch for lifting the rail, and the entire guide rail are lifted, a load of several tons is hung on the machine room floor.

However, conventional slabs alone are insufficient, and it takes time for the floor concrete to cure.

[High risk of falling into the elevator shaft]

When using a working platform (RCS, ACS, PCS) inside the elevator shaft, the working platform must be dismantled after pouring concrete for the first floor walls and before forming the machine room floor.

When the working platform is dismantled, the elevator shaft becomes a rectangular hollow space from the roof to the basement, with no floor structure below.

To construct the machine room floor, you must use a slab or other method underneath.

In this case, there is a high risk that the machine room floor will fall into the elevator shaft.

[Instability of the machine room floor deck plate support]

The machine room floor deck plate must be installed inside the hoistway. If the deck plate is inserted inside the wall, the wall concrete will be cut, which poses a high safety hazard and is not approved by the supervisor.

Therefore, the deck plate must be installed with a flat surface area that exactly matches the inside of the elevator shaft.

However, since the deck plate is not installed magnetically, there must be a structure to support the deck underneath.

However, since there is nothing inside the elevator shaft, it is difficult to install a deck and there is a risk of falling.

[Long-term curing time of machine room floor concrete for high load support]

On the machine room floor, there are lifting loads for the hoisting machine, the lower steel beam of the hoisting machine, the winch for the construction wire, and the guide rail installed vertically in the hoistway.

However, in order for the machine room floor to withstand such a high load, the floor concrete must be sufficiently cured, which takes time. Accordingly, the elevator installation is also delayed, and the elevator completion, hoist removal, and hoist section finishing work are all serially delayed, which increases the overall construction period.

[Inefficiency of machine room ceiling construction]

In ceiling formwork work for the machine room ceiling skeleton, if a joist is installed inside the machine room, the joist must be maintained until the roof concrete is cured, so elevator construction cannot begin and the overall construction period also increases.

When constructing the machine room ceiling formwork with deck plates, the support structure to support the deck plates must be clear or must be maintained during the curing period.

[Increased cost when installing steel columns and beams inside the core wall]

When installing steel columns and beams on the first floor of the rooftop or inside the walls of the machine room, the construction period is shortened, but there is a disadvantage in that the construction costs related to the steel structure construction increase.

[Increase in the machine room skeleton construction period]

The method of skeletal construction of the machine room floor and wall ceiling is unclear, and the construction period is long because it requires a concrete curing period, which increases the overall construction period.

[Difficulty in installing steel structures]

In areas where the wall thickness is narrow, construction should be done in the adjacent, wide area, avoiding the area where the rebar and formwork are installed.

[High risk of falling into the elevator shaft]

After dismantling the working platform, steel beams are installed inside the elevator shaft to construct the machine room floor.

Additionally, a pedestal is installed to support the machine room floor deck plate.

Install embedded ironwork inside the wall to install steel beams and supports.

Embedded hardware is installed inside the wall and fixed after the wall concrete is poured.

[Instability of the machine room floor deck plate support]

Install deck plate supports along the inner walls of the elevator shaft.

The pedestal is installed after the concrete wall is poured by means of ironwork embedded within the core wall.

Additionally, steel beams are installed inside the platform to support the deck plate.

[Long-term curing time of machine room floor concrete for high load support]

High loads such as the lifting machine on the machine room floor are supported by steel beams.

Install steel beams to shorten the curing period of the concrete floor of the machine room.

[Inefficiency of machine room ceiling construction]

Install a deck plate on the ceiling of the machine room to avoid installing a sill, and install a support to safely support the deck plate.

The pedestal is installed by connecting it to the embedded hardware embedded in the upper part of the machine room wall.

[Increased cost when installing steel columns and beams inside the core wall]

On the first floor of the rooftop, instead of installing steel columns and beams inside the walls of the machine room, install embedded steel bars on the upper part of the walls to install the supports and steel beams.

[Increase in the machine room skeleton construction period]

To enable quick and easy installation of embedded hardware and supports within the wall, the formwork for the skeletal work of the machine room floor and wall ceiling can be constructed quickly and simply.

The walls and ceiling of the machine room are to be concreted at once.

[Difficulty in installing steel structures]

It allows for safe, precise, and quick installation of steel structures in adjacent, wide areas, avoiding areas with narrow wall thickness.

[High risk of falling into the elevator shaft]

Machine room floor deck plates can be installed safely, quickly and easily.

The deck plate is supported on the wall pedestals and is also double supported on the steel beams.

Therefore, there is no risk of falling.

[Instability of the machine room floor deck plate support]

The pedestal is fixed by being installed after the concrete wall is poured by ironwork embedded within the core wall.

The deck plate is installed on the steel frame inside the platform, so it is highly stable.

[Long-term curing time of machine room floor concrete for high load support]

Since the load of the machine room floor is supported by the steel beam, the curing period of the machine room floor concrete is shortened.

[Inefficiency of machine room ceiling construction]

The deck plate can be installed safely and quickly on the ceiling of the machine room through the pedestal of the machine room wall, and the construction period is shortened as the support for concrete curing is omitted.

[Increased cost when installing steel columns and beams inside the core wall]

Since steel columns and beams are not installed inside the walls of the 1st floor rooftop machine room, costs do not increase.

[Increase in the machine room skeleton construction period]

The machine room frame can be completed in just 3 to 4 days by quickly and easily installing embedded hardware and supports within the wall, thereby shortening the overall construction period.

Figures 1 to 148 illustrate the first to fourth embodiments according to the present invention.

Steel columns for installing large steel beams on the rooftop machine room floor that support high loads can be constructed in various locations.

1) Installation of steel columns inside the walls of the elevator shaft

2) Install steel columns at a certain distance from the elevator shaft wall.

3) Install steel columns by attaching them to the elevator shaft wall line.

4) Installation of steel columns in the rectangular space inside the elevator shaft

5) Mixing or combining the above methods 1) to 4)

The following is a first embodiment of a method for installing a steel column.

In the first embodiment, some of the steel columns are installed inside the wall of the elevator shaft and some are installed outside the wall.

Figure 1 is a floor plan of a typical apartment with two elevator shafts per floor. The yellow area is where the elevator shaft is.

FIG. 2 is an example of installation of a steel structure according to the present invention installed in the elevator #1 (core 1).

There are two elevators in the hoistway, and two large steel beams that support high loads, which are the core of the present invention, are installed in each elevator.

In order to support large steel beams, steel columns and beams are installed on some walls with wide walls. On the platform side (the area between the stairwell and the elevator shaft) where the wall width is narrow, steel frames are installed outside the walls.

The steel structure is constructed over two floors, the first and second floors of the rooftop. Each floor can be installed separately. It can only be installed on the first floor of the rooftop.

Figure 3 shows the location of steel columns. In the narrow part of the wall where the width is 200 mm, the steel columns are located outside the wall.

Figure 4 is a plan view showing steel columns, steel beams, and large steel beams together. Large steel beams can be installed horizontally, vertically, or horizontally and vertically.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional drawing 1 of a steel structure installation, with some steel columns installed inside the wall and some outside the wall.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional drawing 2 of the steel structure installation, in which a large steel beam is installed on the elevator shaft wall under the machine room floor. After the large steel beam is connected to the steel frame and the concrete of the wall is poured, a strong structure capable of bearing a high load is quickly and safely constructed.

Figure 7 shows a case where a steel column is installed outside the wall when the wall thickness is as narrow as 200 mm.

Figure 8 shows that steel columns are installed two stories high.

Fig. 9 is a steel structure installed outside the wall of the elevator hall section. The steel columns and beams are 150 mm thick and are spaced 150 mm from the wall.

Fig. 10 shows a wall foam (60 mm) installed and dismantled at a distance of 150 mm from the wall of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 shows a machine room floor steel beam installed on a two-story steel column. Two large steel beams are installed on each of the lower sections of the elevator traction machine. In order to support the deck plate at a distance of 150 mm from the wall, steel angles (such as L-shaped steel) or deck supports can be installed on the steel columns and steel beams.

Fig. 12 shows a machine room floor deck plate installed on the steel beam of Fig. 11. The deck protrudes from the steel beam to the wall line.

Figure 13 shows only the floor of the machine room. The steel structure is constructed only up to the floor of the machine room as shown in Figure 13, and the upper part can be constructed by combining or using a separate steel structure or a temporary structure inside the wall.

Fig. 14 is a steel beam of the machine room roof.

Fig. 15 is a deck plate of the machine room roof.

Figure 16 is an image of the entire two-story steel structure.

The following shows the construction process of the steel structure and roof frame according to the present invention.

Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of the rooftop floor. It consists of a machine room, a hall, and a stairwell.

Figure 18 is the installation schedule. The top floor apartment is poured. Then, the rooftop floor is formed. Before pouring, anchors are buried so that the steel structure can be installed in advance.

Figure 19 is assembling the steel structure on the rooftop. The steel structure is assembled on the first floor above ground or on the rooftop. The dimensions of the rooftop are checked on site in advance, and the steel frame is manufactured in a factory according to the actual dimensions and transported to the site. It can be assembled and tested 15 days or 1 month in advance.

Additionally, a base plate is created to erect the steel structure.

Figure 20 is the entire steel structure assembled on the rooftop or the first floor above ground or installed one by one directly in place in the elevator shaft.

A large steel beam is located under the floor of the machine room, and the machine room floor deck plate is installed on top of it. The deck plate is installed in advance only in the hall part of the machine room roof. For the traction machine part, the deck is constructed after the traction machine is lifted. Of course, the deck plate of the traction machine part can also be installed in advance, and at this time, the traction machine can be lifted to an open part on the side (staircase side, window, etc.).

Figure 21 is a method of lifting and installing the entire steel structure using a tower crane. Depending on the capacity of the tower crane and the weight of the steel structure, it can be assembled and installed by dividing it into one or two or more parts.

For example, columns can be assembled in two layers at once, and the steel beams of the machine room roof can be installed separately.

For example, the elevator shaft section and the hall side can be separated and assembled and installed.

The large steel beam extends towards the hall and penetrates the hall side wall that will be erected later.

The steel structure is lowered simultaneously onto nine base plates. The base plates and steel columns are connected by welding or bolts.

Figure 22 shows the rooftop frame construction after the steel structure is installed in Figure 21. The rooftop 1st floor wall reinforcement, inspection of the inspection team, and wall foam are installed. At this time, it is advantageous to quickly proceed with the stairwell and pour concrete for the entire rooftop 1st floor at the same time.

Wall foam can be installed quickly and accurately using steel columns, steel beams, and large steel beams (installation or location of wall foam).

Fig. 23 is the pouring of the concrete on the first floor of the rooftop. If there is no large-scale work platform (RCS, PCS, ACS) inside the platform, the walls and ceiling can be poured at the same time. The machine room and the stairway can be poured on the same day, or the stairway can be poured a few days later.

Figure 24 shows the start of construction on the second floor of the rooftop. The alform on the first floor of the rooftop is dismantled to prepare for lifting to the second floor of the rooftop, and after the external gang form is raised to the second floor of the rooftop, the machine room wall reinforcement is installed.

Figure 25 shows the installation of machine room wall foam. The foam can be installed accurately and quickly by being supported and installed on steel columns and steel beams.

Figure 26 shows that after the wall reinforcement and the Alform are completed and the construction workers have come down, the elevator materials are lifted to the top of the machine room by the tower crane and are lowered vertically to the machine room floor. Since the deck plate has not yet been constructed on top, the heavy hoist can be installed in place quickly and accurately.

According to a feature of the present invention, since there is a steel structure and a large steel beam supported on concrete, a heavy hoist can be installed in a short period of time (one to two days) without going through a machine room floor curing time.

Fig. 27 is the installation of the remaining deck play on the upper part after the lifting of the hoist. The stairwell work is also carried out in parallel.

Once the remaining deck play on the upper deck is installed, the machine room will be blocked, so the electrical team comes up and starts installing the elevator in earnest. They install the molds and lower the piano wire to the basement.

Fig. 28 is the construction of roof reinforcement bars for the machine room and stairwell.

Fig. 29 shows the roof concrete and the second floor walls of the rooftop being poured together in half a day. This completes the skeletal work. The mechanical room walls/roof and the stairwell can be poured together in one day, or if the stairwell is delayed, the stairwell can be poured separately later.

Fig. 30 may dismantle a portion of the steel columns and beams that are exposed during or after the elevator installation, or may be retained permanently.

Fig. 31 shows the appearance after dismantling a portion of the steel structure. The central column of the machine room may need to be retained for structural reasons as it must support the entire rooftop slab.

Figure 32 illustrates a structural concept for quickly and safely supporting a high load by installing a large steel beam, which is a core technology of the present invention.

This is the number of tons of load that is placed on the machine room floor.

1) Multiple steel beams for the pedestal of the winding machine

2) Lifting weight: several tons

3) Winch for lifting guide rail

4) Guide lane (from basement to rooftop, lifting at once): several tons

According to the features of the present invention, a large steel beam

1) Connection with steel columns and beams

2) When embedded in the elevator shaft wall, it is buried in concrete and can support high loads.

The following are examples of types of vertical positions of large steel beams according to the present invention.

Fig. 33 shows a method in which a large steel beam is positioned under the machine room floor to support the machine room floor.

Figure 34 shows a method in which a large steel beam is located in the middle of the machine room floor and buried in the machine room floor.

Figure 35 shows a method in which a large steel beam is installed flush with the lower part of the machine room floor.

In Figures 34 and 35, the deck plate can be installed by being placed on the lower steel plate portion of a large steel beam. A steel angle can also be connected between large steel beams and the deck plate can be installed on top of it.

The following is an example of a method for installing a ladder in a hall and machine room according to the present invention.

In Fig. 36, instead of steel columns, scaffolding can be installed on the hole side, and then concrete can be poured and dismantled.

Scaffolding can be installed inside the machine room walls to support steel beams and roof deck plates.

Steel structures and scaffolding systems can be used interchangeably and in combination.

Figure 37 shows the process of installing a steel structure and a roof frame according to the present invention.

[Step 0]

The top floor walls and roof (rooftop) are poured with concrete. At this time, anchors for connecting the steel structure are embedded in advance.

[Step 1]

Install the base plate to match the lower level of the steel column.

At this time, steel structures (steel columns, steel beams, large steel beams, deck plates) are assembled/inspected on the rooftop or the first floor above ground.

In the stairwell, rebar and formwork are installed.

The external gang form is raised to the height of the first floor of the rooftop.

[Step 2]

The steel structure is lifted by a tower crane, installed on a base plate, and inspected.

In the stairwell, rebar and formwork are installed.

[Step 3]

It will proceed with inspection of the rooftop first floor wall reinforcement, deck reinforcement, and supervisory team reinforcement, and installation of wall foam.

In the stairwell, rebar and formwork are installed.

[Step 4]

The concrete for the walls and ceiling (machine room floor) of the first floor of the rooftop was poured together in half a day.

The stairwell can be poured at the same time or later.

[Step 5]

Install the rooftop 2nd floor wall reinforcement, inspect the inspection team, and install the wall foam. Then, lift the elevator equipment to the machine room floor.

On the second floor of the stairwell, ladders and rebar are installed.

The exterior gang form is impressive.

[Step 6]

Installation of remaining deck plates on the second floor ceiling (roof), roof reinforcement, and inspection of the guardrail are in progress.

On the second floor of the stairwell, rebar and formwork are being installed.

[Step 7]

Elevator installation begins on the machine room floor. Formwork is installed and piano wires are lowered.

On the second floor of the stairwell, rebar and formwork are being installed.

[Step 8]

The walls and ceiling concrete of the mechanical room on the second floor of the rooftop were poured in half a day.

The second floor of the stairwell can be poured at the same time or later.

The following are the number of days required for installing the steel structure and the roof frame according to the present invention.

[Day 0]

Anchor embedding for connecting bone structures

Top floor walls and roof (rooftop) concrete casting

[Day 1]

Installation of base plate at the bottom of steel column

Assembling/inspecting steel structures (steel columns, steel beams, large steel beams, deck plates)

[Day 2]

Installation/Inspection on Steel Structure Base Plate (AM)

Rooftop 1st floor wall reinforcement, ceiling deck reinforcement, and supervisory reinforcement inspection (afternoon)

[Day 3]

Rooftop 1st floor wall foam installation (morning)

Staircase rebar and formwork construction

Concrete pouring of the walls and ceiling of the first floor of the rooftop (machine room floor) (afternoon)

Staircase concrete included or separate

[Day 4]

Rooftop 2nd floor wall reinforcement, inspection by supervisor, wall foam installation

Exterior gang form impression

Installation of stairs and reinforcing bars on the 2nd floor of the stairwell

[Day 5]

Lifting elevator equipment to machine room floor

Installation of remaining deck plates on the 2nd floor rooftop, roof reinforcement, and inspection by the supervisory team

Installation of stairs and reinforcing bars on the 2nd floor of the stairwell

[Day 6]

Start of elevator installation on the machine room floor. Installing formwork and piano wire.

Installation of stairs and reinforcing bars on the 2nd floor of the stairwell

[Day 7~or thereafter]

Rooftop 2nd floor machine room wall and ceiling concrete pouring

Casting including the 2nd floor of the stairwell

The following is a second embodiment of a method for installing a steel column.

The second embodiment is a method of installing steel columns partially inside the walls of the elevator shaft and partially along the wall line.

Figure 38 is a floor plan of a typical apartment with two elevator shafts per floor. The yellow area is where the elevator shaft is.

Figure 39 is an example of installation of a steel structure according to the present invention installed in the elevator #1 (core 1).

There are two elevators in the hoistway, and two large steel beams that support high loads, which are the core of the present invention, are installed in each elevator.

In order to support large steel beams, steel columns and beams are installed on some walls with wide walls. On the platform hall side (the area between the stairwell and the elevator shaft) where the wall width is narrow, steel frames are constructed according to the wall line.

The steel structure is constructed over two floors, the first and second floors of the rooftop. Each floor can be installed separately. It can only be installed on the first floor of the rooftop.

Figure 40 shows the location of steel columns. In the narrow part where the wall width is 200 mm, the steel columns are positioned at the same level as the wall line.

Figure 41 is a plan view showing steel columns, steel beams, and large steel beams together. Large steel beams can be installed horizontally, vertically, or horizontal and vertically.

Figure 42 is a cross-sectional drawing 1 of a steel structure installation, in which some steel columns are installed inside the wall and some are installed on the wall line.

Figure 43 is a cross-sectional drawing 2 of a steel structure installation, in which a large steel beam is installed on the elevator shaft wall under the machine room floor. The large steel beam quickly and safely forms a strong structure that can bear a high load after being connected to the steel frame and pouring concrete for the wall.

Figure 44 shows how to install steel columns in line with the wall line when the wall thickness is as narrow as 200 mm.

Fig. 45 shows that steel columns are installed two stories high.

Fig. 46 is a steel structure installed outside the wall of the elevator hall area. The steel columns and beams are 150 mm thick and are attached to the wall. Since the steel columns are located at the corners of the wall, no formwork is required at the corners.

Fig. 47 shows the steel columns, beams, and wall foam (60 mm) being installed and dismantled in accordance with the wall line of Fig. 46. In order to support the wall foam, foam support steel plate pieces can be attached to the steel columns here and there. The installation of foam at corners where it meets the steel columns becomes easy and accurate.

Fig. 48 shows a machine room floor steel beam installed on a two-story steel column. Two large steel beams are installed under each elevator traction machine.

Fig. 49 shows a machine room floor deck plate installed on the steel beam of Fig. 48. The deck plate is installed on the steel beam up to the wall line.

The deck plate is mounted on a steel frame attached to the wall, so a separate deck plate support is not required.

Figure 50 shows the machine room floor. The steel structure is constructed only up to the machine room floor, and the upper part can be constructed as a separate steel structure or a temporary structure inside the wall, combined or combined.

Fig. 51 is a steel beam of the machine room roof.

Fig. 52 is a deck plate of the machine room roof.

Figure 53 is an image of the entire two-story steel structure.

The following shows the construction process of the steel structure and roof frame according to the present invention.

Fig. 54 is a cross-sectional view of the rooftop. It consists of a machine room, a hall, and a stairwell.

Figure 55 is the installation schedule, and the top floor apartment is poured. Then, the rooftop floor is formed. Before pouring, anchors that can install the steel structure are buried inside the wall and adjacent to the wall line.

Fig. 56 is assembling a steel structure on a rooftop. The steel structure is assembled on the first floor above ground or on a rooftop. The dimensions of the rooftop are checked on site in advance, and the steel frame is manufactured in a factory according to the actual dimensions and transported to the site. It can be assembled and tested 15 days or 1 month in advance.

Additionally, a base plate is created to erect the steel structure.

Figure 57 is the entire steel structure assembled on the rooftop or the first floor above ground or installed one by one directly in place in the elevator shaft.

A large steel beam is located under the floor of the machine room, and the machine room floor deck plate is installed on top of it. The deck plate is installed in advance only in the hall part of the machine room roof. For the traction machine part, the deck plate is installed after the traction machine is lifted. Of course, the deck plate of the traction machine part can also be installed in advance, and at this time, the traction machine can be lifted to an open part on the side (staircase side, window, etc.).

Fig. 58 is a method of lifting and installing an entire steel structure using a tower crane. Depending on the capacity of the tower crane and the weight of the steel structure, it can be assembled and installed by dividing it into one or two or more parts.

For example, columns can be assembled in two layers at once, and the steel beams of the machine room roof can be installed separately.

For example, the elevator shaft section and the hall side can be separated and assembled and installed.

The large steel beam extends towards the hall and penetrates the hall side wall that will be erected later.

The steel structure is lowered simultaneously onto nine base plates. The base plates and steel columns are connected by welding or bolts.

Fig. 59 shows the rooftop frame construction after the steel structure is installed. The rooftop 1st floor wall reinforcement, inspection of the inspection team, and wall foam are installed. At this time, it is advantageous to proceed quickly with the stairwell and pour concrete for the entire rooftop 1st floor at the same time.

Wall foam can be installed quickly and accurately using steel columns, steel beams, and large steel beams (installation or location of wall foam).

Fig. 60 is the pouring of the concrete on the first floor of the rooftop. If there is no large-scale work platform (RCS, PCS, ACS) inside the platform, the walls and ceiling can be poured at the same time. The machine room and the stairway can be poured on the same day, or the stairway can be poured a few days later.

Figure 61 shows the start of construction on the second floor of the rooftop. The alform on the first floor of the rooftop is dismantled to prepare for lifting to the second floor of the rooftop, and after the external gang form is raised to the second floor of the rooftop, the machine room wall reinforcement is installed.

Fig. 62 is for installing machine room wall foam. The foam can be installed accurately and quickly by being mounted and supported on steel columns and steel beams.

Figure 63 shows that after the wall reinforcement and the ALF are completed and the construction workers have come down, the elevator materials are lifted to the top of the machine room by the tower crane and are lowered vertically to the machine room floor. Since the deck plate has not yet been constructed on top, the heavy hoist can be installed in place quickly and accurately.

According to a feature of the present invention, since there is a steel structure and a large steel beam supported on concrete, a heavy hoist can be installed in a short period of time (one to two days) without going through a machine room floor curing time.

Fig. 64 is the installation of the remaining deck play on the upper part after the lifting of the hoist. The stairwell work is also carried out in parallel.

Once the remaining deck play on the upper deck is installed, the machine room will be blocked, so the electrical team comes up and starts installing the elevator in earnest. They install the molds and lower the piano wire to the basement.

Fig. 65 is the construction of roof reinforcement bars for the machine room and stairwell.

Fig. 66 shows the roof concrete and the second floor walls of the rooftop being poured together in half a day. This completes the skeletal work. The mechanical room walls/roof and the stairwell can be poured together in one day, or if the stairwell is delayed, the stairwell can be poured separately at a later date.

Fig. 67. Part of the steel columns and steel beams that are exposed during or after the elevator installation can be dismantled. Or, they can be left permanently. The steel columns attached to the wall line can be dismantled by cutting (welding) or by dismantling the bolts and steel plates that were previously fastened.

Fig. 68 shows the appearance after dismantling a portion of the steel structure. The central column of the machine room may need to be retained for structural reasons as it must support the entire rooftop slab.

Figure 69 illustrates a structural concept for quickly and safely supporting a high load by installing a large steel beam, which is a core technology of the present invention.

This is the number of tons of load that is placed on the machine room floor.

1) Multiple steel beams for the pedestal of the winding machine

2) Lifting weight: several tons

3) Winch for lifting guide rail

4) Guide lane (from basement to rooftop, lifting at once): several tons

According to the features of the present invention, a large steel beam

1) Connection with steel columns and beams

2) When embedded in the elevator shaft wall, it is buried in concrete and can support high loads.

The following are examples of types of vertical positions of large steel beams according to the present invention.

Fig. 70 is a method in which a large steel beam is positioned under the machine room floor to support the machine room floor.

Figure 71 is a method in which a large steel beam is located in the middle of the machine room floor and buried in the machine room floor.

Fig. 72 shows a method in which a large steel beam is installed flush with the lower part of the machine room floor.

In Figures 71 and 72, the deck plate can be installed by being placed on the lower steel plate portion of a large steel beam. A steel angle can also be connected between large steel beams and the deck plate can be installed on top of it.

The following is an example of a method for installing a ladder in a hall and machine room according to the present invention.

In Fig. 73, instead of steel columns, scaffolding can be installed on the hall side, and then concrete can be poured and dismantled.

Scaffolding can be installed inside the machine room walls to support steel beams and roof deck plates.

Steel structures and scaffolding systems can be used interchangeably and in combination.

Fig. 74 is a process for installing a steel structure and a roof frame according to the present invention, and is the same as the description in Fig. 37.

The following is a third embodiment of a method for installing a steel column.

The third embodiment is a method of installing steel columns on the outside of the elevator shaft wall.

Figure 75 is a floor plan of a typical apartment with two elevator shafts per floor. The yellow area is where the elevator shaft is.

Fig. 76 is an example of installation of a steel structure according to the present invention installed in the elevator #1 (core 1).

There are two elevators in the hoistway, and two large steel beams that support high loads, which are the core of the present invention, are installed in each elevator.

In order to support large steel beams, steel columns and beams are installed on the outside of the walls of the rooftop. On the platform hall side (the area between the stairwell and the elevator shaft) where the wall width is narrow, steel frames are installed outside the walls.

The steel structure is constructed over two floors, the first and second floors of the rooftop. Each floor can be installed separately. It can only be installed on the first floor of the rooftop.

Figure 77 is a plan view showing steel columns, steel beams, and large steel beams together. Large steel beams can be installed horizontally, vertically, or horizontal+vertically.

Fig. 78 shows only the steel columns. The steel columns are located outside the elevator shaft walls.

Figure 79 is a cross-sectional drawing 1 of a steel structure installation, in which steel columns are installed on the outside of the wall.

Figure 82 is a cross-sectional drawing 2 of a steel structure installation, in which a large steel beam is installed on the elevator shaft wall under the machine room floor. The large steel beam quickly and safely forms a strong structure that can bear a high load after being connected to the steel frame and pouring concrete for the wall.

Fig. 83 shows a case where the wall thickness is as narrow as 200 mm, and a steel column is installed outside the wall.

Fig. 84 shows that steel columns are installed two stories high.

Fig. 85 is a steel structure installed outside the wall of the elevator hall section. The steel columns and beams are 150 mm thick and are spaced 150 mm from the wall.

In Fig. 86, a wall foam (60 mm) is installed and removed at a distance of 150 mm from the wall.

Fig. 87 shows a machine room floor steel beam installed on a two-story steel column. Two large steel beams are installed on each of the lower sections of the elevator traction machine. In order to support the deck plate at a distance of 150 mm from the wall, steel angles (such as L-shaped steel) or deck supports can be installed on the steel columns and steel beams.

Fig. 88 shows a machine room floor deck plate installed on a steel beam. The deck protrudes from the steel beam to the wall line.

Figure 89 is an overall structural image of the machine room floor and ceiling.

The steel structure is constructed only up to the floor of the machine room, and the upper part can be constructed as a separate steel structure or a temporary structure inside the wall, combined or used together.

The following shows the construction process of the steel structure and roof frame according to the present invention.

Fig. 90 is a cross-sectional view of the rooftop. It consists of a machine room, a hall, and a stairwell.

Fig. 91 is the installation schedule, and the top floor apartment is poured. Then, the rooftop is formed. Before pouring, anchors are buried so that the steel structure can be installed in advance. Since the anchors are installed on the rooftop and the floor of the hall, they are accurate and easy to work with. It is simple compared to interference with the steel bars when they are inside the wall.

Fig. 92 is assembling a steel structure on a rooftop. The steel structure is assembled on the first floor above ground or on a rooftop. The dimensions of the rooftop are checked on site in advance, and the steel frame is manufactured in a steel factory according to the actual dimensions and transported to the site. It can be assembled and tested 15 days or 1 month in advance.

Additionally, a base plate is created to erect the steel structure.

Figure 93 is the entire steel structure assembled on the rooftop or the first floor above ground or installed one by one directly in place in the elevator shaft.

A large steel beam is located under the floor of the machine room, and the machine room floor deck plate is installed on top of it. The deck plate is installed in advance only in the hall part of the machine room roof. For the traction machine part, the deck is constructed after the traction machine is lifted. Of course, the deck plate of the traction machine part can also be installed in advance, and at this time, the traction machine can be lifted to an open part on the side (staircase side, window, etc.).

Fig. 94 is a method of lifting and installing an entire steel structure using a tower crane. Depending on the capacity of the tower crane and the weight of the steel structure, it can be assembled and installed by dividing it into one or more parts.

For example, columns can be assembled in two layers at once, and the steel beams of the machine room roof can be installed separately.

For example, the elevator shaft section and the hall side can be separated and assembled and installed.

Large steel beams are installed through the walls on both sides of the elevator shaft.

The steel structure is lowered simultaneously onto nine base plates. The base plates and steel columns are connected by welding or bolts.

Fig. 95 shows the rooftop 1st floor frame construction after the steel structure is installed. The rooftop 1st floor wall reinforcement, inspection of the inspection team, and wall foam are installed. At this time, it is advantageous to proceed quickly with the stairwell and pour concrete for the entire rooftop 1st floor at the same time.

Wall foam can be installed quickly and accurately using steel columns, steel beams, and large steel beams (installation or location of wall foam).

Fig. 96 is the pouring of the first floor concrete of the rooftop. If there is no large-scale work platform (RCS, PCS, ACS) inside the platform, the walls and ceiling can be poured at the same time. The machine room and the stairway can be poured on the same day, or the stairway can be poured a few days later.

Fig. 97 shows the start of construction on the second floor of the rooftop. The foam on the first floor of the rooftop is dismantled and preparations are made for lifting to the second floor of the rooftop.

Install machine room wall reinforcement bars.

Fig. 98 is for installing machine room wall foam. The foam can be installed accurately and quickly by being mounted and supported on steel columns and steel beams.

Figure 99 shows that after the wall reinforcement and the ALF are completed and the construction workers have come down, the elevator materials are lifted to the top of the machine room by the tower crane and lowered vertically to the machine room floor. Since the deck plate has not yet been constructed on top, the heavy hoist can be installed in place quickly and accurately.

According to a feature of the present invention, since there is a steel structure and a large steel beam supported on concrete, a heavy hoist can be installed in a short period of time (in just one to two days) without going through the curing time of the machine room floor.

Fig. 100 is to install the remaining deck play on the upper part after the lifting of the hoist. Staircase work is also carried out in parallel.

Once the remaining deck play on the upper deck is installed, the machine room will be blocked, so the electrical team comes up and starts installing the elevator in earnest. They install the molds and lower the piano wire to the basement.

Fig. 101 is the construction of roof reinforcement of the machine room and stairwell.

Fig. 102 shows the roof concrete and the second floor walls of the rooftop being poured together in half a day. This completes the skeletal work. The mechanical room walls/roof and the stairwell can be poured together in one day, or if the stairwell is delayed, the stairwell can be poured separately at a later date.

Fig. 103 can dismantle some of the steel columns and beams that are exposed during or after the elevator installation, or can be left permanently. The external steel columns and beams installed on the roof are cut by welding.

Fig. 104 shows the appearance after dismantling a portion of the steel structure. The column in the center of the machine room may need to be retained for structural reasons as it must support the entire rooftop slab.

Figure 105 illustrates a structural concept for quickly and safely supporting a high load by installing a large steel beam, which is a core technology of the present invention.

This is the number of tons of load that is placed on the machine room floor.

1) Multiple steel beams for the pedestal of the winding machine

2) Lifting weight: several tons

3) Winch for lifting guide rail

4) Guide lane (from basement to rooftop, lifting at once): several tons

According to the features of the present invention, a large steel beam

1) Connection with steel columns and beams

2) When embedded in the elevator shaft wall, it is buried in concrete and can support high loads.

The following are examples of types of vertical positions of large steel beams according to the present invention.

Fig. 106 is a method in which a large steel beam is positioned under the machine room floor to support the machine room floor.

Fig. 107 is a method in which a large steel beam is located in the middle of the machine room floor and buried in the machine room floor.

Fig. 108 is a method in which a large steel beam is installed flush with the lower part of the machine room floor.

In Figures 107 and 108, the deck plate can be installed by being placed on the lower steel plate portion of a large steel beam. A steel angle can also be connected between the large steel beams and the deck plate can be installed on top of it.

The following is an example of a method for installing a ladder in a hall and machine room according to the present invention.

In Fig. 109, instead of steel columns, scaffolding can be installed on the rooftop floor, and then concrete can be poured and dismantled.

In Fig. 110, scaffolding can be installed and dismantled instead of steel columns on the rooftop floor, inside the hall, and inside the machine room.

Steel beams and large steel beams can be installed on the ladder.

Figure 111 shows the process of installing a steel structure and a roof frame according to the present invention, and is similar to the description of Figure 37.

The following is a fourth embodiment of a method for installing a steel column.

The fourth embodiment is a method of installing steel columns inside the elevator shaft void space.

Figure 112 is a floor plan of a typical apartment with two elevator shafts per floor. The yellow area is where the elevator shaft is.

Fig. 113 is an example of installation of a steel structure according to the present invention installed in the elevator #1 (core 1).

There are two elevators in the hoistway, and two large steel beams that support high loads, which are the core of the present invention, are installed in each elevator.

In order to support large steel beams, steel columns and beams are installed in the void space inside the elevator shaft. In the elevator hall side (the area between the stairwell and the elevator shaft) where the wall width is narrow, the steel frame is installed separately outside the wall.

The steel structure is constructed over two floors, the first and second floors of the rooftop. Each floor can be installed separately. It can only be installed on the first floor of the rooftop.

Figure 114 is a plan view showing steel columns, steel beams, and large steel beams together. Large steel beams can be installed horizontally, vertically, or horizontal+vertically.

Figure 115 shows only the steel columns. The steel columns are located outside the walls within the elevator shaft void space.

Figure 116 is a cross-sectional drawing 1 of a steel structure installation, in which steel columns are installed inside the elevator shaft.

Figure 117 is a cross-sectional drawing 2 of a steel structure installation, in which a large steel beam is installed on the elevator shaft wall under the machine room floor. The large steel beam quickly and safely forms a strong structure that can bear a high load after being connected to the steel frame and pouring concrete for the wall.

Fig. 118 shows a case where the wall thickness is as narrow as 200 mm, and steel columns are installed outside the wall. On the second floor of the rooftop, the number of steel columns in the middle wall line is reduced to one because there is no wall.

Fig. 119 shows that steel columns are installed two stories high.

Fig. 120 is a steel structure installed outside the wall of the elevator hall. The steel columns and beams are 150 mm thick and are spaced 150 mm from the wall. In addition, a steel structure is installed inside the hoistway away from the hoistway wall to support a large steel beam.

In Fig. 121, a wall foam (60 mm) is installed and removed at a distance of 150 mm from the hall side wall. Inside the hoistway, a wall foam (60 mm) is also installed and removed at a distance of 150 mm from the hoistway wall.

Fig. 122 shows a machine room floor steel beam installed on a two-story steel column. Two large steel beams are installed on each of the lower sections of the elevator traction machine. In order to support the deck plate at a distance of 150 mm from the wall, steel angles (such as L-shaped steel) or deck supports can be installed on the steel columns and steel beams.

Fig. 123 shows a machine room floor deck plate installed on a steel frame. The deck plate is installed separately in the elevator shaft area and the hall area, and the middle and lower areas are walls.

Figure 124 is an image of the steel beams on the floor and ceiling of the machine room.

The steel structure is constructed only up to the floor of the machine room, and the upper part can be constructed as a separate steel structure or a temporary structure inside the wall, combined or used together.

Figure 125 is an overall image of the steel beams and deck plates on the machine room floor and ceiling.

The following shows the construction process of the steel structure and roof frame according to the present invention.

Fig. 126 is a cross-sectional view of the rooftop. It consists of a machine room, a hall, and a stairwell.

Fig. 127 is the installation schedule, and the top floor apartment is poured. Then, the rooftop is formed. Before pouring, anchors are buried so that the steel structure can be installed in advance. Since the anchors are installed on the rooftop and the floor of the hall, they are accurate and easy to work with. It is simple compared to interference with the steel bars when they are inside the wall.

Fig. 128 is assembling a steel structure on a rooftop. The steel structure is assembled on the first floor above ground or on a rooftop. The dimensions of the rooftop are checked on site in advance, and the steel frame is manufactured in a steel factory according to the actual dimensions and transported to the site. It can be assembled and tested 15 days or 1 month in advance.

Additionally, a base plate is created to erect the steel structure.

Figure 129 is the entire steel structure assembled on the rooftop or the first floor above ground or installed one by one directly in place in the elevator shaft.

A large steel beam is located under the floor of the machine room, and the machine room floor deck plate is installed on top of it. The deck plate is installed in advance only in the hall part of the machine room roof. For the traction machine part, the deck is constructed after the traction machine is lifted. Of course, the deck plate of the traction machine part can also be installed in advance, and at this time, the traction machine can be lifted to an open part on the side (staircase side, window, etc.).

The steel structure is divided into the elevator shaft and hall sections, and the upper machine room section is connected as one.

Fig. 130 is a method of installing only the first floor of a steel structure by lifting it with a tower crane. Depending on the capacity of the tower crane and the weight of the steel structure, it can be assembled and installed by dividing it into one or two or more parts.

For example, columns can be assembled in two layers at once, and the steel beams of the machine room roof can be installed separately.

For example, the elevator shaft section and the hall side can be separated and assembled and installed.

Large steel beams are installed across the walls on both sides of the elevator shaft.

The steel structure is lowered simultaneously onto 12 base plates. The base plates and steel columns are connected by welding or bolts.

Fig. 131 shows the rooftop 1st floor steel structure being installed, and then the rooftop 1st floor frame construction is being carried out. The rooftop 1st floor wall reinforcement, inspection of the inspection team, and wall foam are being installed. At this time, it is advantageous to proceed quickly with the stairwell and pour concrete for the entire rooftop 1st floor at the same time.

Wall foam can be installed quickly and accurately using steel columns, steel beams, and large steel beams (installation or location of wall foam).

Fig. 132 is the pouring of the first floor concrete of the rooftop. If there is no large-scale work platform (RCS, PCS, ACS) inside the platform, the walls and ceiling can be poured at the same time. The machine room and the stairway can be poured on the same day, or the stairway can be poured a few days later.

Fig. 133 is an additional installation of a steel structure on the second floor of a rooftop. The steel structure on the second floor of the rooftop is located inside the wall of the machine room.

Fig. 134 shows the start of construction on the second floor of the rooftop. The foam on the first floor of the rooftop is dismantled and prepared for lifting to the second floor of the rooftop. The machine room wall reinforcement is installed.

Fig. 135 is for installing machine room wall foam. The foam can be installed accurately and quickly by being mounted and supported on steel columns and steel beams.

Fig. 136 shows that when the wall reinforcement and the formwork are completed and the construction workers have come down, the elevator materials are lifted to the top of the machine room by the tower crane and are lowered vertically to the machine room floor. Since the deck plate has not yet been constructed on top, the heavy hoist can be installed in place quickly and accurately.

According to a feature of the present invention, since there is a steel structure and a large steel beam supported on concrete, a heavy hoist can be installed in a short period of time (in just one to two days) without going through the curing time of the machine room floor.

Fig. 137 is the installation of the remaining deck play on the upper part after the lifting of the hoist. The stairwell work is also carried out in parallel.

Once the remaining deck play on the upper deck is installed, the machine room will be blocked, so the electrical team comes up and starts installing the elevator in earnest. They install the molds and lower the piano wire to the basement.

Fig. 138 is the construction of roof reinforcement of the machine room and stairwell.

Fig. 139 shows the roof concrete and the second floor walls of the rooftop being poured together in half a day. This completes the skeletal work. The mechanical room walls/roof and the stairwell can be poured together in one day, or if the stairwell is delayed, the stairwell can be poured separately at a later date.

Fig. 140 may dismantle some of the steel columns and beams that are exposed during or after the elevator installation, or may be left permanently. Steel columns and beams inside the hoistway must be dismantled.

Fig. 141 shows the appearance after dismantling a portion of the steel structure. The central column of the machine room may need to be retained for structural reasons as it must support the entire rooftop slab.

Figure 142 illustrates a structural concept for quickly and safely supporting a high load by installing a large steel beam, which is a core technology of the present invention.

This is the number of tons of load that is placed on the machine room floor.

1) Multiple steel beams for the pedestal of the winding machine

2) Lifting weight: several tons

3) Winch for lifting guide rail

4) Guide lane (from basement to rooftop, lifting at once): several tons

According to the features of the present invention, a large steel beam

1) Connection with steel columns and beams

2) When embedded in the elevator shaft wall, it is buried in concrete and can support high loads.

The following are examples of types of vertical positions of large steel beams according to the present invention.

Fig. 143 is a method in which a large steel beam is positioned beneath the machine room floor to support the machine room floor.

Figure 144 is a method in which a large steel beam is located in the middle of the machine room floor and buried in the machine room floor.

Fig. 145 shows a method in which a large steel beam is installed flush with the lower floor of the machine room.

In Figures 144 to 145, the deck plate can be installed by being placed on the lower steel plate portion of a large steel beam. A steel angle can also be connected between large steel beams and the deck plate can be installed on top of it.

The following is an example of a method for installing a ladder in a hall and machine room according to the present invention.

In Fig. 146, after installing scaffolding instead of steel columns in the hole section, concrete can be poured and then dismantled.

In Fig. 147, scaffolding can be installed and dismantled instead of steel columns in the hall area and inside the machine room.

Fig. 148 shows the process of installing a steel structure and a roof frame according to the present invention, and is similar to the description of Fig. 37.

Although this specification describes examples targeting apartment complexes, the invention is equally applicable to other types of buildings, as elevators in buildings such as high-rise buildings, officetels, offices, hospitals, schools, and retail facilities are all made of reinforced concrete structures.

In the above drawings 1 to 148, the methods of constructing steel columns and steel beams can be combined or used interchangeably. Since the structure of the apartment rooftop is diverse, a safe and advantageous method is combined and used according to the local conditions. It is within the scope of the idea of the present invention to change the position of the steel columns or the connection or position of the steel beams for construction. The core idea of the present invention is to quickly, safely, and precisely construct the steel beams inside the hoistway supporting a load of several tons, thereby enabling early commencement of elevator construction (only 6 to 7 days after pouring the top floor) and shortening the guide rail lifting period, thereby advancing the follow-up construction and shortening the entire construction period accordingly.

The following is a fifth embodiment of a method for installing a steel column.

The fifth embodiment is to minimize the number of steel columns. Since a large load is applied to the lower part of the traction machine, two steel columns and a large steel beam are installed under the traction machine. They are not installed at the corners of the hoistway. Accordingly, as the steel columns and beams are reduced, a T-angle or L-angle is connected and fixed to the upper part of the large steel beam in order to fix the steel members and safely place the deck plate. The angle is characterized by being buried in the concrete of the machine room floor. That is, the angle 1) fixes the large steel beam, 2) fixes the deck plate, and 3) is buried in the concrete of the machine room floor. The large steel beam and angle are designed and installed so as to avoid the elevator sleeve (pattern hole).

In Fig. 149, steel columns are installed on the walls of the elevator shaft. Those installed at the corners are deleted, and those installed at the lower part of the steel beam supporting the elevator shaft are installed. One is installed at the center, and a total of five steel columns are installed in the elevator shaft for two elevators. The steel columns are on the first floor of the rooftop (inside, outside, and adjacent), and from the rooftop floor to the machine room floor.

Fig. 150 shows the steel columns and beams at the bottom of the hoistway wall. The wall is at least 200 mm thick, and is approximately 300 mm or 500 mm thick. Reinforcing bars are installed between the steel beams and the ends of the wall.

Figure 151 shows the state in which steel columns are installed. Ten steel columns are erected on the elevator shaft wall. The height is the height of the first floor of the rooftop, for example, 2.8 m.

Fig. 152 is an example of a steel column erected on the rooftop floor of the hall side, and extending out from the hall side wall. The hall side wall (door side) is generally 200mm to 300mm, so it can be erected outside the wall as needed. It can be permanently maintained or dismantled later.

Figure 153 shows the state in which steel beams connecting steel columns are installed.

Fig. 154 shows a large steel beam installed. The large steel beam is installed at the bottom of the winding machine to support a large load.

Fig. 155 shows a T-beam installed on top of a large steel beam.

The T-shaped steel according to the present invention

1) Fix (weld or bolt) the large steel beam so that it does not move sideways.

2) Install the machine room floor deck plate

3) T-shaped steel is buried in the concrete of the machine room floor to form a strong structure.

4) Deletion of core steel columns and connecting steel beams

It has the characteristics of doing so.

That is, T-beams are small and inexpensive, but they are multifunctional and reduce the number of steel members.

Angles include various shapes such as T-beams, L-angles, L-angles, and D-channels.

Figure 156 shows the elevator shaft wall on the machine room floor.

T-beam steel

1) Installed only on large steel beam sections

2) Extension installation to the elevator shaft wall

You can do it.

1) When installed only on large steel beam sections, the deck plate shall be installed with its end resting on the inner wall foam of the elevator shaft.

Fig. 157 shows a large steel beam.

For example, a large steel beam is an H-beam with a height of 400 mm and a width of 200 mm.

Large steel beams are not considered walls even if they are wider than 200 mm, so the larger the size, the more advantageous it is.

Fig. 158 shows a T-beam. Since the width of a typical deck plate is 600 mm (60 cm), it can be installed at 60 cm intervals.

If the elevator shaft is long, such as about 5 m, it should be installed in two parts.

Fig. 159 shows a machine room floor deck plate placed on a T-shaped steel plate and includes a method of welding (deck welding).

The upper raised portion of the short T-beam or section can be cut to allow passage of transverse reinforcing bars to allow for installation of reinforcing bars on the upper deck.

Figure 160 shows the status of the core section of the elevator shaft. A large steel beam is connected to a steel column, a T-shaped steel is installed on top of it, a deck plate is installed on top of it, and then steel and concrete, and a traction machine are constructed in that order.

Fig. 161 shows the machine room floor deck plate installed. The deck plate is placed on T-shaped steel and large steel beams and fixed by welding, etc.

Fig. 162 shows an L-shaped steel member additionally installed on the wall portion of the elevator shaft. The L-shaped steel member functions to support the deck plate on the wall portion.

As described above, a steel structure was designed to support the load of a hoisting machine in a structurally safe manner by installing the steel structure only in the central portion without installing steel columns and beams in the corners and side walls of the elevator shaft.

Here, the design of the profile or angle installed on top of the large steel beam made subsequent work simple, quick, and safe.

The following is a sixth embodiment of a method for installing a steel column.

In the sixth embodiment, the shape of the steel beam is composed of light steel frames such as L-shaped steel, T-shaped steel, T-shaped steel, and C-channel.

Generally, H-beams are mainly used, but H-beams have high material costs and high installation costs.

In large apartment complexes with over 2,000 households, there are dozens of elevators, with two per building.

Considering the cost of the steel frame and the type of steel that goes into all of these, it is advantageous to use light steel for the part that supports the deck plate.

However, light steel frames may become deformed, so they need to be reinforced with vertical or horizontal braces (sloping members).

Lightweight steel frames allow for the construction of rooftop slab framing at a fast and low cost.

Figure 163 shows the floor of the machine room on the first floor of the rooftop.

Two lifting machines are positioned, and a large steel beam is installed underneath them.

For this purpose, steel columns are installed inside or outside the elevator shaft walls.

The machine room floor frame steel beams are of large size to support large steel beams.

Fig. 164 shows the mechanical room walls and roof on the second floor of the attic with the addition.

The second floor of the rooftop has only the machine room walls and roof, so there is no significant load.

Therefore, it is economical to construct the machine room roof steel frame to support only the deck plate, rebar, and concrete loads of the machine room roof.

To this end, the steel structure of the machine room roof is to be composed of light steel frames such as L-shaped steel, T-shaped steel, T-shaped steel, and C-channel.

Fig. 165 shows the addition of braces (slopes) to the wall of the machine room on the second floor of the rooftop.

The sloping beams are installed to reinforce the roof of the second floor of the attic, which is made up of light steel frames such as L-shaped steel, T-shaped steel, T-shaped steel, and C-channel.

The braces (slope members) are also made of light steel frames such as L-shaped steel, T-shaped steel, T-shaped steel, and C-channel.

Figure 166 shows the steel columns of the wall of the machine room on the second floor of the roof and the steel structure of the roof.

Fig. 167 is a brace for the wall of the machine room on the second floor of the rooftop. It is a structure in which the brace is connected to the middle of the column and 1/3 of the way up the beam.

Fig. 168 is a brace for the wall of the machine room on the second floor of the rooftop. It is a structure in which the brace is connected to the lower part of the column and the middle point of the beam.

Fig. 169 shows an example of anchors buried in the rooftop floor to support the rooftop steel structure, which are then fixed to the roof of the second floor of the rooftop using steel wires.

Before the concrete is poured into the rooftop steel structure, it may be affected by wind. To cope with this, it is fixed with wire.

Fig. 170 shows a deck plate installed on the roof of a machine room and secured to the rooftop with wires.

Figure 171 shows the details of the steel structure of the roof of the machine room on the second floor of the attic. Light L-shaped steel was used for the steel structure.

The L-shaped steel is connected to the vertical surface of the H-shaped steel column by bolts or welding.

Figure 172 shows a cross-section of the L-shaped steel roof steel beam in Figure 171.

The machine room roof deck plate is installed on the roof steel beam.

Fig. 173 shows only the L-shaped steel of the roof steel frame.

Fig. 174 shows a roof steel beam made of T-shaped steel.

The L-shaped steel is turned 90 degrees and connected to the vertical surface of the H-shaped steel column by bolts or welding.

Fig. 175 shows a roof steel beam made of T-shaped steel.

It is connected to the vertical surface of the H-shaped steel column by bolts or welding.

As described above, the lightweight steel frame materials such as L-shaped steel, T-shaped steel, T-shaped steel, and C-channel are intended to have low construction costs.

The following is the seventh embodiment of a method for constructing the outer wall formwork of a rooftop.

Some of the exterior walls of the first and second floors of the apartment use gang form as wall frames starting from the first floor above ground.

However, the interior (elevator hall, walls on the household side) uses Alform.

On the first floor of the rooftop, Alform is installed on the rooftop floor.

The second floor of the rooftop has no floor and the ceiling height is two stories high, so after installing the ladder, the foam must be installed on the workbench.

Therefore, it takes a lot of time to install the foam on the wall of the second floor of the rooftop. It also has to be dismantled later.

In other words, the work of installing Alfom piece by piece in high places carries a high safety risk.

Therefore, a new construction method is needed to replace the foam work on the exterior walls.

Accordingly, in the present invention, gangform is used instead of alform.

However, it is not realistic to manufacture new foam for the two rooftop floors in a factory, transport it to the site, install it on the rooftop, and then discard it after use for the two floors.

Because it costs too much compared to the foam work.

Meanwhile, the walls of the standard floors (1st to 49th floors, etc.) are made of Alform. Since each unit has windows, there are window holes in the gangform (large iron plate), and since the side walls do not have windows, large iron plate gangform without holes is used.

Considering this point, in the present invention, a large steel plate gang form without holes in the side walls is used as the formwork for the outer wall of the rooftop after pouring the top floor (49th floor).

Generally, there are two or more side walls of an apartment. Therefore, some of the four-sided rooftops originally had gang forms attached, and the side walls' gang forms are used as formwork for two or three outer walls of the rooftop. The rooftop of the elevator section has only one window (for ventilation of the machine room).

After installing gangform anchor bolts on the ceiling of the first floor of the rooftop machine room, just like on the standard floor, the side wall gangform brought from the side wall is raised the next day after pouring.

Therefore, the four sides of the rooftop are used as gang forms, allowing construction to proceed quickly and inexpensively.

[Side wall gang form specifications]

For example, the length of side wall 1 in an apartment plan is 11.8 m.

The side wall gang form is manufactured in two pieces, one large and one small, with a height of 3,000 mm. The reason for dividing it into two pieces is that if it were made in one piece, it would be too large to be lifted by a tower crane.

The length of side wall 2 is 10.3m. It is one size and 3,000mm high. The gang form of side wall 2 is one piece and is lifted at once by a tower crane. Generally, the weight of a large gang form is 3.5 to 4 tons.

The apartment floor height is generally 2850mm.

Sidewall 1 Gangform 1 = Length 7,725mm (7.7m), Height 3,000mm (3.0m) (large)

Sidewall 1 Gangform 2 = Length 4,165mm (4.1m), Height 3,000mm (3.0m) (small) (consists of 2 pieces)

Sidewall 2 Gangform = Length 10,370mm (10.3m), Height 3,000mm (3.0m) (Consists of 1 piece)

The thickness of the steel plate of the side wall 2 gangform is 3.5 mm.

[Use the gang form vertically]

Gangform can be used vertically in two layers.

If you erect sidewall 1 gangform 1 vertically = height 7,725mm (7.7m), length 3,000mm (3.0m) (large one).

The height of 7,725mm allows construction of the first and second floors of the rooftop at the same time.

There is no need to raise the gang form to the second floor of the rooftop, and it can be stably fixed to the rooftop floor.

Since the first floor of the rooftop is quickly poured, the exposed area of the second floor of the rooftop is small, and the impact of the wind is also reduced.

If the wind is strong, you can lay the gang form down on the roof floor.

[Quantity of side wall gang forms]

Apartment complexes consist of 2, 4, or 10 or more buildings. Each building has a different number of floors and completion date.

Therefore, the timing of completion of use of the side wall gang form is different, so the side wall gang form can be used in low-rise buildings and then moved to high-rise buildings.

Therefore, the number of side wall gang forms may not be insufficient and can be used immediately on the roof.

[Gangform upper safety railing]

Since a safety railing is installed on the top of the gangform, it can be used as is. Then, there is no need to install a separate safety railing when constructing the rooftop.

[If the rooftop floor height is higher than the gang form]

The gang form is 3.0m high, slightly higher than the apartment unit height of 2.85m.

1) If the first floor of the rooftop exceeds 3.0m, additional alform is installed on the bottom or top of the gangform.

2) Or, the wall is poured in two stages. For example, if the first floor of the rooftop is 4.5m, the gang form can be raised after the first concrete pouring of the wall, and the second concrete pouring of the wall can be done.

3) Or, the gangform can be placed vertically and poured.

4) Or, construct by stacking two gang forms in two layers. If the number of side wall gang forms is insufficient, use the iron plate or plywood of another gang form to block the window openings in the gang forms of the unit with windows.

[Construction sequence of side wall gang form]

The construction sequence for the rooftop construction using the side wall gang form is as follows.

1) On the rooftop of the top floor (e.g. 49th floor), wire anchors (2 at a distance, multiple) are embedded to support the side wall gang form support rebar pieces and other anchors at a certain distance with wire.

Rebar pieces or anchors can be installed on the outer line of the elevator shaft wall, and can also be installed on the inner side of the core wall.

The side wall gang form is made up of steel pieces on the left and right sides of the rooftop in cross-section, and is fixed to anchors on both sides to prevent it from moving left and right.

2) Pour the top concrete (walls and rooftop floor).

3) The next day, a steel structure for the machine room floor without columns, consisting of steel columns and steel beams, is installed inside the wall of the first floor elevator shaft, adjacent to the wall, or outside the wall.

The day after the top floor is poured, the side wall gang forms are raised, and after the parapet (railing) reinforcement and plywood are laid, a certain portion of parapet concrete including the side walls is poured.

4) The next day, dismantle the side wall gang form and lower it to the rooftop or the first floor. Dismantle the working platform (one or two floors) under the gang form.

Remove the bar sheet metal that forms the shape of the wall attached to the gang form (by removing the welded one) and smooth the gang form sheet metal. Or, use the existing wall bar sheet metal as is.

If the gang form is too large for the rooftop, cut off a portion of it.

5) Install the reinforcement bars on the first floor of the rooftop. Stand on the rooftop floor and install the reinforcement bars on the side wall gang form.

6) Install lumber (square wood) on the rooftop where the gang form will be erected. Place the gang form on top of it.

7) Install the side wall gang form vertically on the rooftop floor in line with the rooftop 1st floor wall line. At this time, use the pre-embedded rebar pieces or anchors on the rooftop floor to secure the side wall gang form so that it does not move outward. Also, use the support bars to prevent the gang form from collapsing toward the rooftop.

8) Also, connect and secure the wire to the wire anchor 1 on the rooftop using a wire on the upper ring of the gang product.

Secure the side wall gangforms with wire to prevent them from being blown away or moved by the wind.

Here, it doesn't matter which one of the side wall gang forms or the wall reinforcement is done first on the first floor of the rooftop. After the gang form is erected, the reinforcement can be installed from the inside. They can be installed at the same time. After the reinforcement is completed, the gang form can be installed.

It is reasonable to install rebar, inspect, and install gang forms to facilitate the inspection of rebar by the supervisory team.

However, depending on circumstances, the gang form may be installed first.

9) Install wall reinforcement bars and foam inside the elevator shaft.

10) After installing the formwork (deck plate or Alform, Euroform) on the machine room floor, install the floor reinforcement bars.

11) Embed anchor bolts for supporting gang forms on the machine room floor.

12) Pour concrete up to the walls or ceiling of the first floor.

13) Once the first floor of the rooftop is completed, the second floor frame is started, and the side wall gang forms are raised first.

Or, construct the wall reinforcement of the machine room on the second floor of the rooftop first.

14) Also, use a wire to attach the upper hook of the gang product to the wire anchor 2 on the rooftop (located slightly farther away) and secure it.

Secure the side wall gangforms with wire to prevent them from being blown away or moved by the wind. Secure them by connecting the gangforms to each other with rods and each pipe.

The three-sided gang form is suspended by ropes using a tower crane. The gang form may be affected by the wind.

After the gang form is raised, the internal alform is constructed and then concrete is poured.

By the time the rooftop is constructed, most of the skeletal work is complete and the tower crane has little to work with, so the tower crane can safely remain connected to the gang forms on the second floor of the rooftop with lifting ropes for several hours until the concrete is poured.

A fixing bar can be installed on the top of the gangform to connect and fix the gangforms to each other.

15) Install the rooftop 2nd floor wall formwork, ceiling (roof) formwork, and reinforcing bars using the general process.

16) Complete all structural work of Building 101 by pouring concrete for the walls and ceiling (roof) of the 2nd floor of the rooftop.

17) The next day, the side wall gang form is dismantled, lowered to the first floor, cut, loaded onto a truck, and transported to a waste disposal site.

Normally, after the side walls of the 49th floor are poured, the gang form is lowered to the first floor above ground, cut, and transported to a waste disposal site the next day. However, according to the present invention, it is used as an exterior wall form for the rooftops of the first and second floors of the rooftop. It can be used continuously in other buildings thereafter. Or, it can be stored in a warehouse and used for rooftop construction at other sites.

The gang form that was originally attached to the outer wall is installed through the same process as the side wall gang form.

In other words, in the pre-construction of the machine room section excluding the stairwell section, the gang form is constructed in the same way (anchor embedding, rising, fixing, and dismantling) in a T shape.

Using gang forms can eliminate the need for installing scaffolding outside. In this case, the cost of construction is reduced because the work of bringing in, installing, and dismantling scaffolding materials for rooftop construction, as well as scaffolding workers (workers of a different type from steel formwork) are omitted.

In addition, construction costs are reduced because a large number of foam operations (transportation, installation, dismantling, removal) are omitted.

Two to three side wall gang forms can be installed at once with a tower crane in 30 minutes to 1 hour, which has the effect of quickly carrying out rooftop construction and shortening the overall construction period.

Meanwhile, side wall gang forms can be used instead of alform for the inner walls of the 2nd floor machine room on the rooftop. In this case, since it is difficult to remove the inner gang forms after the roof concrete is poured, the inner gang forms are removed after the wall is poured and the ceiling slab frame (ceiling deck plate, roof reinforcement, roof concrete) is constructed subsequently.

[Construction period]

[Day 1 after top layer pouring]

Side wall gang form rise, side wall parapet reinforcement/form installation, concrete pouring

Rooftop 1st floor? Exterior wall gang form impression

Installation of steel structures inside or outside the elevator shaft walls (steel columns, steel beams, 1st or 2nd floors of the rooftop)

[Day 2]

Dismantle the side wall gang form, move to the first floor or rooftop, and then modify the gang form (cut, remove the lower working platform legs)

Rooftop 1st floor - Installation of elevator shaft wall reinforcement

Rooftop 1st floor - Inspection of the wall reinforcement of the guard room

Rooftop 1st floor - Installation of wall formwork (Alform) on the inside of the elevator shaft

Rooftop 1st floor - Install the modified side wall gang form on the exterior wall of the rooftop 1st floor

Rooftop 1st floor - side wall gang form and exterior wall gang form are connected and fixed with bars, side wall gang form and rooftop floor are connected and fixed with wires

Rooftop 1st floor - Machine room floor deck plate installation, electrical sleeve (plate hole), floor rebar, gang form (exterior, side wall) anchor bolt embedding

Rooftop 1st floor - Inspection of the floor reinforcing bars in the machine room of the supervisory unit

[Day 3]

Rooftop 1st floor - Concrete pouring for elevator shaft walls and ceiling (machine room floor) (Rooftop 1st floor frame completed) and curing

Rooftop 1st floor - Concrete curing

[Day 4]

Rooftop 2nd floor - Exterior wall gang form impression (attached to anchor bolts embedded in the machine room floor)

Rooftop 2nd floor - Side wall gang form impression (attached to anchor bolts embedded in the machine room floor)

Rooftop 2nd floor - side wall gang form and exterior wall gang form are connected and fixed with bars, and side wall gang form and rooftop floor are connected and fixed with wires.

Rooftop 2nd floor - Machine room wall reinforcement installation

Rooftop 2nd floor - Inspection of the guard room wall reinforcement

Rooftop 2nd floor - Installation of machine room wall formwork (Alform)

Rooftop 2nd floor - Lifting elevator materials on the machine room floor (motor (traction machine), support steel frame, distribution board, etc.)

Rooftop 2nd floor - Installing deck plate on machine room ceiling steel beam

Rooftop 2nd floor - Installation of ceiling (roof) slab rebar on the machine room ceiling deck plate

Rooftop 2nd floor - Supervision room ceiling (roof) slab rebar inspection

[Day 5]

Rooftop 2nd floor? Concrete pouring for machine room walls and roof

Rooftop 2nd floor? Elevator installation started (template on machine room floor, piano wire lowered to basement)

Rooftop 2nd floor? Rooftop construction completed for the mechanical room, stairwell construction in progress

[Day 6]

Rooftop 2nd floor? Dismantle and remove the outer wall and side wall gang form

[Example Drawing]

Below is a drawing of an example of recycling side wall gangforms into a rooftop.

Fig. 176 is a floor plan of Building 101. There are five households and two rooftops. On the right side wall, Side Wall 1 Gangform 1 is installed. On the upper side wall, Side Wall 2 Gangform is installed. Since there are no windows on the side walls, the steel plates of the gangform are round plates without holes.

Fig. 177 is an elevation drawing of side wall 1 gangform 1. The size of the gangform is 3.0 m in height and 7.79 m in width. There is a gangform leg at the bottom.

Figure 178 shows only the gang form with the lower step leg of the side wall 1 gang form 1 of Figure 177 removed. There are anchor bolt holes at the bottom for fixing to the wall. There are several lifting hooks at the top for lifting with a tower crane.

A safety railing is installed on top of the gangform.

Fig. 179 is a plan view of side wall 1 gangform 1.

Figure 180 is a gangform drawing of side wall 2. The side wall 2 gangform is constructed in one sheet over the entire wall, and is 10.5 m long. The height is 3.0 m.

Fig. 181 is an elevation view of side wall 2. The lower footrest legs have been removed.

Fig. 182 is a plan view of side wall 2.

Fig. 183 is a cross-sectional view of side wall 2. The thickness of the gang form plate is approximately 3.5 mm.

The gang forms of Figs. 176 to 183 are drawings of general gang forms, and are used from the first floor to the top floor. They are not created according to the present invention.

Fig. 184 shows the installation of a steel structure on the first floor of a rooftop according to the present invention. Steel columns are installed on the walls of the elevator shaft, steel beams are installed on the floor level of the machine room, and large steel beams are installed inside the elevator shaft to support the lifting load of the hoist and guide rail.

Fig. 185 shows the installation of side wall gang form 2. The gang form of the top outer wall is dismantled and modified (cut to length) and installed on the rooftop. It is installed by lifting it into the ring on the top of the gang form with a tower crane. The lower part is fixed by rebar pieces, timber, etc. installed on the rooftop.

Figure 186 shows the side wall gang form 2 in color.

Fig. 187 shows only the side wall gang form 2, excluding the steel structure.

Fig. 188 shows the side wall gang form 1 installed. Either side wall gang form 1 or 2 can be installed first. The intersection can be cut and fitted, or one side can be lengthened and the other gang form can be placed on that side to create a 90 degree angle roll form.

Figure 189 shows the side wall gang form 1 in color.

Fig. 190 shows the exterior wall gang form being raised. The exterior wall gang form is raised first, but it is shown here as being raised later. Since the exterior wall gang form is at risk of falling, it is raised first and the wall reinforcement is installed later. Since there is no risk of falling in the rooftop area, the side wall gang form is installed after the wall reinforcement is installed. Gang form can also be installed in the stairwell area. However, since the stairwell is complicated and requires work time, it is done as a separate process that follows. The stairwell area can be constructed with Alform.

Figure 191 hangs wires on the hooks on the top of the side wall gangform, and connects the wires to the hooks (rings) embedded in the rooftop. The length of the wires is adjusted using turnbuckles (connectors that adjust the length by rotating). The purpose of installing the wires is to prevent the gangforms from shaking due to the wind on the rooftop. In addition, lumber or pipes are placed as supports at an angle between the rooftop and the gangforms to prevent them from collapsing.

Fig. 192 shows that after the concrete is poured on the first floor of the rooftop, the gang form rises one floor to the second floor of the rooftop. The lower part of the gang form is fixed with the anchor bolts used on the 49th floor and below. The anchor bolts are buried inside the slab, and after the concrete is poured, the gang form is placed against it and fixed with bolts. In other words, it is similar to a nail, but it is removed later to allow the gang form to rise up. The anchor bolts are buried in the floor of the machine room just as they were on the 49th floor and the next day after the concrete is poured, the gang form is raised and fixed with bolts. This is the same as what was done on the standard floor, so it is safe and quick.

Figure 193 shows the steel structure and the gang form of the second floor of the rooftop together.

Fig. 194 shows the gang forms on the second floor of the rooftop in color and the bars (steel materials) for fixing the gang forms are connected between the gang forms.

Fig. 195 shows the side wall gang form erected vertically. The reason for erecting it vertically is to construct two rooftop floors at once. Or, when the height of the rooftop floor is higher than the gang form, which is 3.0 m.

Fig. 196 is a two-tiered gang form. The connecting part can be connected by welding with additional material. It is fixed with wire. The reason for the two-tiered construction is when the first floor of the roof exceeds 3.0m and cannot be covered with one sheet. Or, to set all the gang forms at once.

In the past, a double-row ladder was installed on the rooftop, constructed with foam, then dismantled, organized, and transported.

This is a method that requires a lot of manpower and time.

However, according to the present invention, the outer wall formwork is installed and dismantled at once using equipment called a tower crane.

This is a method of reducing costs and time by using a machine room instead of manpower.

Figure 197 shows the installation schedule.

The contents of the installation schedule explained above are organized into a table.

[Recycling effect on Gangform rooftop]

According to the present invention

1) Eliminate the slab curing period by using a steel structure.

2) By recycling the side wall gang form, the formwork time for the roof section is shortened.

3) The frame of the rooftop machine room was completed in 5 days.

4) Elevator installation can begin in the afternoon of the 5th day.

This is a reduction of 20 to 25 days compared to the conventional coloring method which takes 25 to 30 days for two layers.

In addition, the elevator installation period is shortened by using the large steel beams of the steel structure to install dozens of guide rails in a single line from underground at an early hour.

Traditionally, it took 120 days to install an elevator in a 49-story apartment building.

However, according to the present invention

1) 20 to 25 days are shortened in the roof structure.

2) By linking the entire guide rail, a large steel beam can lift the load at once.

3) The total construction period is shortened by 35 to 40 days or more.

4) The cost of rooftop construction is reduced by recycling the gang form.

5) Accordingly, residents can move in early, and the business loan interest and construction company's on-site operating costs are saved. Productivity is improved as the same work is done in a shorter period of time.

The embodiments of the present invention described above and illustrated in the drawings should not be construed as limiting the technical idea of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is limited only by the matters described in the claims, and those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention can improve and change the technical idea of the present invention in various forms. Accordingly, such improvements and changes will fall within the protection scope of the present invention as long as they are obvious to those with ordinary knowledge.

The steel structure and construction method of the rooftop machine room according to the present invention can be used directly at a construction site through drawing up of design drawings and fabrication of components.

1: Steel column
2: Steel beam
3: Large steel beam
4: Deck Plate
5: T-beam

Claims (1)

This is a construction method that constructs the elevator machine room frame on the rooftop of an apartment building by reusing the gang form of the standard floor.
Step of pouring concrete for the top floor structure (rooftop floor);
A step of installing a rooftop 1st floor or rooftop 2nd floor steel column inside the elevator shaft wall, adjacent to the elevator shaft wall, on the elevator shaft wall line, on the rooftop floor, or in the elevator shaft internal void;
A step of installing a steel beam on the above steel column;
A step of completing the installation of a steel structure by installing a steel beam installed inside an elevator shaft on the steel column or steel beam;
Step of constructing reinforcing bars on the wall of the elevator shaft on the first floor of the rooftop above;
Step of dismantling and modifying the top floor side wall gang form and installing it as the external wall formwork of the rooftop part of the first floor;
A step of installing formwork and reinforcing bars on the machine room floor in the above steel frame, and then pouring concrete for the elevator shaft walls and machine room floor;
After pouring concrete on the floor of the above-mentioned machine room, the step of raising the external formwork of the wall of the above-mentioned rooftop section to the 2nd floor of the rooftop (machine room wall);
Steps for lifting machine room wall reinforcement, formwork (inside the wall), elevator equipment to the machine room, and installing ceiling formwork;
Step of pouring concrete for the walls and ceiling of the machine room; and
Steps to start installing the elevator
A construction method for constructing an elevator machine room frame on a rooftop floor by recycling the gang form of the base floor, characterized by including