KR20200098454A - Structure of the drift type to facilitate a wide range of segments for tunnel Ventilation slab - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to structures of various facilitated articulated ventilating slabs for ventilation in a tunnel. According to the present invention, the structures of various facilitated articulated ventilating slabs for ventilation in a tunnel are characterized in that a ventilating slab (80) is installed to cross an upper side of a spring line (95) in a tunnel to supply and discharge air into and from a tunnel structure, wherein the ventilating slab (80) is manufactured to have two segments. According to the present invention, construction costs can be reduced.

Description

Structure of the drift type to facilitate a wide range of segments for tunnel Ventilation slab}

The present invention relates to a wind road slab that ventilates air in a tunnel, and provides a wind road slab of a cross-flow or semi-cross-flow ventilation method, which is a tunnel wind-do structure in which a ventilation duct slab for ventilation inside the tunnel is installed, but is installed to form a duct. Detailed structure through the segmentation method of the slab, a variety of facilities and manufacturing methods of structural principles to prevent collapse, and through a method of equipping constructability of mounting and assembly, it is for ventilation in the tunnel that can reduce construction costs It relates to the structure of a variety of easy segmented wind-do slabs.

It is well known that in Korea, where more than 70% of the land is made up of mountainous areas, large-section tunnel construction is still being actively carried out due to the rapid increase in underground excavation work due to the increase in railroad and road construction and the development of underground spaces such as subways. .

For such tunnel structures, in accordance with “Article 41 of the Rules on Road Structure and Facility Standards”, “when deemed necessary for safe and smooth traffic communication in tunnels, the planned traffic volume, design speed, and tunnel length of the road shall be considered. Therefore, ventilation facilities and lighting facilities must be installed.”

Therefore, in order to protect tunnel users from emergency situations such as soot, harmful gas, dust, and fire, due to the lengthening of the scale, tunnel ventilation facilities should be provided in consideration of efficiency according to traffic volume and tunnel length. Since air pollution caused by exhaust gas of a vehicle driving a vehicle seriously affects the human body of tunnel passengers and drivers, it is necessary to equip the necessary ventilation equipment by appropriate ventilation calculation to prevent this.

As such, the exhaust gas of the driving vehicle in the tunnel is a facility to keep the allowable concentration of these exhaust gases below an appropriate level, such as soot (Smoke), carbon monoxide (Co; maintained within 100 ppm), and nitrogen oxide (NOx; maintained within 25 ppm). This is a ventilation facility, and this tunnel ventilation facility must play a role of keeping the environment in the tunnel fresh and comfortable by diluting the exhaust gas of the vehicle or discharging polluted air.

In addition, it is necessary to dilute substances that affect visibility, such as soot and dust, to enable safe operation.In the event of an accident such as a fire in the tunnel, it is necessary to quickly treat flue gas and minimize the recovery time of the environment in the tunnel. When establishing the ventilation plan of the building, it is necessary to have an optimal structure taking into account traffic volume, tunnel shape, user convenience and safety, external environment, economic efficiency, and wind speed (maintaining within 10 ㎧).

On the other hand, with the conventional ventilation method within the tunnel, natural ventilation is used when the length is within 600 m, and in tunnels longer than 600 m, the longitudinal, semi-transverse system, and transverse system are used. System) and other mechanical ventilation methods have been proposed.

The above types of ventilation can be found in most tunnels in Korea. In tunnels located in mountainous or urban areas, a jet fan is installed on the ceiling of the tunnel to effectively use the airflow generated in the direction of the vehicle traveling (longitudinal). -Fan) is installed to supply air in the tunnel through this, but in the event of a fire, it is widely used as a method that prevents the spread of smoke in the direction of evacuation by sending air out in the opposite direction of evacuation.

This conventional type tunnel ventilation method is implemented through a structural type, and is divided into a vertical shaft method and a concentrated exhaust method.

First, the vertical shaft method is a method that exhausts and supplies air by installing a vertical shaft in the middle of the tunnel.It is known as a relatively advantageous method for long tunnels.This vertical shaft method can control the concentration of pollutants by supplying fresh outside air. Although it is easy to cope with and theoretically has the advantage of not limiting the length of the tunnel, this vertical shaft method requires a considerable construction cost compared to other types of ventilation and has a large disadvantage of natural damage.

On the other hand, the concentrated exhaust method can be viewed as a discharge method that purifies the polluted air discharged by forming an exhaust port toward the exit of the tunnel.This method is a ventilation method for environmental protection in a large city center, and the direction of pollutants at the outlet can be adjusted. Therefore, it is not only suitable for urban areas, but also allows effective use of traffic ventilation, but there are disadvantages in that it is difficult to remove all pollutants and to properly operate traffic and natural winds.

In addition, among the conventional ventilation methods, the semi-cross-flow ventilation method is classified into a ventilation type and an exhaust type. Although supply and exhaust ports are installed, air is discharged to an external ventilation tower by alternately proceeding with supply and exhaust without separate supply and exhaust passages. As a result, it can be said that it is a supply air semi-cross flow method that sends clean air to a separate ventilation duct installed at the end of the tunnel from the ventilation station installed at the entrance of the tunnel for ventilation. Compared to the diluting exhaust type, the air supply type can keep the environment in the tunnel relatively good, but the pollutants are discharged from the outlet side, and since the piston action of the vehicle is not taken into account, the energy efficiency is lower than that of the type type type.

In addition, the cross-flow ventilation method among conventional ventilation methods is a cross-flow ventilation method in which polluted air is exhausted and fresh air is supplied in consideration of the required ventilation volume and environmental issues in urban areas with a long tunnel and a large amount of traffic. The air supply passage and the exhaust passage, which are wind paths made on the ceiling of the tunnel, are normally installed at the ventilation station installed at the entrance and exit of the tunnel by creating a wind path on the ceiling of the tunnel. It is a ventilation method that supplies polluted air through the exhaust port, but in case of emergency such as a fire, the supply port is also switched to the exhaust port to quickly exhaust toxic gases or smoke.

This cross-flow ventilation method is not only easy to replace in case of fire, but also can be viewed as a more reliable ventilation method compared to the conventional ventilation method. It is mainly suitable for urban areas with heavy traffic and has a large duct space. Although it has an advantage, there is a problem that the facility power is relatively large in size compared to the semi-cross flow method, which incurs expensive costs and increases the construction cost.

In particular, in the case of the conventional tunnel cast-in-place concrete lining method, most of the construction is done with plain concrete lining except for the tunnel shaft and the soft zone section.If the conventional cross-flow ventilation method is applied to the tunnel in this case, the tunnel lining In the middle and upper part of the tunnel, a bulkhead connecting the upper part of the tunnel with the wind road slab must be constructed. Accordingly, rebar is placed on the concrete lining throughout the entire tunnel section, as well as the ventilation facility is reinforced. There is a problem that not only takes considerably, but also increases the construction period.

When the bulkhead is installed, the bending moment of the tunnel ceiling is directly applied to the center of the wind road slab by its own weight through the bulkhead, which adds an additional load to the wind road slab, and accordingly, an increase in the cross section of the wind road slab is further required, resulting in a very inefficient problem. A structure in which the wind road slab is integrally fastened to the tunnel lining is shown.In this structure, the wind road slab is tensioned in the axial direction, which greatly reduces the durability and aesthetics of the entire tunnel structure due to the factors causing tension cracks in the wind road slab. It has a disadvantage that cannot but be harmed, and despite the excellent ventilation performance of the cross-flow ventilation method, there are many problems and there is a lot of room for improvement.

Therefore, the present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and in particular, by providing a structure to allow ventilation in the tunnel by providing a wind road slab in the tunnel by selecting a cross-flow and semi-cross-flow ventilation method, the tensile force acting on the wind road slab The construction cost is significantly reduced by minimizing the thickness of the section along with the configuration that prevents the occurrence of compression and generates compressive force, and shortens the construction period by simplifying the construction process of the wind slab. There is a primary purpose of forming an assembled structure that makes it as easy as possible,

The second purpose is to increase safety by preventing the fall of the wind road slab even by shock waves such as earthquakes, without attaching the wind road slab to the PC wire, and to improve the openness of the field of view without impairing the aesthetics of the tunnel.

The third purpose is to avoid the use of PC steel strands when manufacturing the pungdo slab, and to create a structure that can be manufactured in yards near the site, not in factories.

The fourth purpose is to create a structure that can be installed regardless of the width and slope of the tunnel.

The present invention for achieving the above object,

In the installation of the wind road slab 80 crossing the upper side of the spring line 95 in the tunnel 90 in order to supply and exhaust air into the tunnel structure as shown in FIG. 1,

On the bracket part 110 of the tunnel lining 100 protruding to the inside of the tunnel lining 100

As shown in Fig. 2, the wind road slab 80 is manufactured by dividing it into PC slices in two sections in the transverse direction, but the pressure jaw protruding from the upper surface of the middle side of the hatchet-shaped wind road slab 80 installed inclined uphill from the bracket portion to the center side ( 102) is formed, and one end side of the wind-do slab 80 manufactured without a cavity in the inner transverse direction is supported by the mounting bracket 113 on the tunnel lining 100, the bracket part 110, and the other side The pressure jaw 102, which is a protrusion on the center side, is a wind road slab 80 of the 1-1 method arranged in a zigzag butt manner between the braided slabs 101', 101" on both sides,

It is manufactured by dividing the two-segment pungdo slab 80 into four pieces of PC in the transverse direction, but as shown in Fig. 6, the two-segment (①+②) PC of one piece of piece slab is combined into one piece of piece slab. Insert the long-gathered reinforcing bar 121 embedded in the ①PC braided slab placed on the podium side to be placed on the bracket part 110 into the customs pipe 122 embedded in the ②PC braided slab, and fill the periphery of the clearance 122 from the center side In the braided slab (101', 101") on both sides of the plated slab (101', 101") manufactured by filling the gap with a nut (N) in the center nut groove 123 to fix the lengthening reinforcing bar 121 The edge side is supported by the mounting bracket 113 on the tunnel lining 100 and the bracket portion 110, and the pressure jaw 102, which is a protrusion on the center side, forms a butt between the braided slabs 101' and 101'. The wind road slab 80 of the 1-2 method arranged in a zigzag manner as in FIG. 4,

As shown in Fig. 5, the lower edge half of the cross section of the two-segment wind road slab 80 proceeding in the direction of the tunnel progression of the 1-1 method is made of PC, and the upper half is made by the method of in-situ casting. In the split slabs 101 ′ and 101 ″ of the half PC, the one end side is each seated on the bracket part 110 of the tunnel lining 100 and supported by the fixture 113, and the pressure jaw ( 102) is a wind road slab 80 of the 1-3 method, which is formed in a butt between the braided slabs 101 ′ and 101 ″ but is arranged in a zigzag manner as in FIG. 4,

As shown in Fig. 13, the width of the tunnel at the location of the bracket 110 is shortened by configuring a bow 117 at the bottom of the central connection point of the two-segment wind-do slab to bend the braided slabs 101', 101" on both sides. After passing through, the bent flat slabs (101', 101") are reduced to an angle forming a hatchet shape, and the holder 114 is placed and seated in the bracket 113 of the bracket part 110 so that it is naturally centered. The first installation method of the above four methods of forming a 1-4 type of wind-do slab 80 in which the pressure jaws 102 are arranged to form a configuration in contact with each other,

Pungdo slab (80) is manufactured by dividing the entire length in the transverse direction into three segments, but as shown in Fig. 7, which ㉠㉡ segmented slabs (101-1, 101-2) are ㉢ segmented slabs (101-3) and slit (117). ) To be bonded to be refracted, but in the manufacturing method, the 2-1 method of manufacturing all PC structures,

㉢ Half PC1 method 2-2, in which the upper and lower edges are separated only for the single-cut slab (101-3), and the lower edge is made of a PC structure and the upper edge is made by casting on-site.

As shown in FIG. 10, the 2-3 method of supporting the ㉢ fragmented slab only (101-3) with a movable gavent (127) and installing a copper barri (125) to manufacture it by casting in place,

The upper and lower edges of all three-segment segments are separated, half of the lower edge is made with PC, and the upper half of the upper edge is made by casting on-site.The three-segmented slab (101-1,101-2,101) constituting the 2-4 method In -3),

As shown in Fig. 8, one edge of the ㉠㉡ piece-cutting slabs 101-1 and 101-2 is supported by the mounting bracket 113 on the bracket part 110 of the tunnel lining 100, and the stepped part 103 on the center side. The shape of the ㉢ sliced slab (101-3) having an inclined shape (a), a curved arch (b) and a horizontal flat (c), etc. can be manufactured in various ways. (101-3) can be installed by the second installation method of the above four methods, consisting of a wind-do slab 80 that selectively arranges its shape so as to achieve stability by connecting with the ㉠㉡ piece-cut slabs 101-1 and 101-2. There is.

When mounting such a wind-do slab 80, as shown in FIG. 10, the edge sides of the two sided slabs 101 ′ and 101 ″ are mounted on the bracket portion 110, and the center side is mounted on the movable garbage 127, but After mounting the strokes of the hydraulic jacks (129, 130) installed in (127) with mutual butts so as to be placed in a state in which the strokes are drawn out as much as possible, the stroke of the hydraulic jacks (129, 130) of the movable gavent (127) is gradually lowered so that the braided slab (101' between both sides) 101") of the pressure jaw 102 can be brought into contact with the first installation method to allow compression force to be introduced, and the section of the wind road slab 80 divided into three segments, the ㉠㉡ fragment slab (101',101") The second installation method to introduce compressive force because only the central end is supported by the movable gavent (127) and the piece-section slabs (101', 101") are supported by the copper bar (125). It can also be done.

On the other hand, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the wind-do slab 80 in the first installation method has an arc shape on the inner surface of the central side of the slab and the binding tool 1 104 installed on the pressure jaw 102 on the upper surface of the center side. Since the binding consists of a binding tool 2 (105) installed with reinforcing bars and a binding tool 3 (107) that binds each element of each segment of the braided slab (101', 101") arranged in the direction of the tunnel as shown in Fig. 15 , In addition to preventing the fall and displacement of the wind road slab 80, the wind road slab is arranged in an inclined bar shape so that the tensile force generated in the wind road slab 80 is converted into a compressive force and introduced into a permanent structural structure of the wind road slab 80. It features a facility to promote stabilization.

According to the present invention, provided a structure to allow ventilation in the tunnel by providing a wind road slab 200 in the tunnel according to the transverse and semi-cross flow ventilation method,

In method 1-1 of the first installation method.

The first effect of minimizing the cross-sectional thickness of the wind-do slab 80 and reducing its own weight so as to significantly reduce required costs such as construction costs, and

The second effect of alleviating the necessity of the PC stranded wire due to the generation of tensile force according to the self-weight of the wind slab 80 and maintaining the stability by configuring the compressive force to be introduced,

The third effect that the above stability prevents the fall of the wind road slab 80 in situations caused by shock waves such as unexpected earthquakes, thereby preventing large-scale personal accidents, and

The fourth effect of preventing sagging because the wind road slabs 80 divided into two sides are butt together so that the compressive force due to its own weight is introduced and is constrained by the binding muscles 1,2 (211, 212),

The fifth effect of tying the connection part slab with a binding muscle 3 to form an integral structure in order to prevent the deformation of the heterogeneous sag of the connection part between the wind road slab 80 and the sliding on the slope, and

The sixth effect of reducing construction cost and improving durability by selectively applying PC-stranded wire to the wind-do slab 80 or by installing reinforcing bars or wire mesh,

The seventh effect of arranging the wind-do slab 80 in the shape of a segmented hatch to secure a sense of openness and visibility to the driver, greatly enhancing safety,

The eighth effect of reducing the construction cost because the PC steel wire for hanging is not used so that the wind-do slab 80 does not fall,

The ninth effect of improving the constructability because the pungdo slab 80 is manufactured in a two-segment structure and a hoist 120 is installed or small lifting equipment is used to facilitate the lifting and installation thereof,

The entire Pungdo slab 80 is manufactured in a PC structure, but it is manufactured in a yard near the site rather than a factory to facilitate transportation, and a total of 10 effects can be expected, such as the tenth effect to shorten the period.

In the method 1-2, in addition to the effect of the method 1-1.

The first effect of simplifying construction because the length of the long pieced slab of the pungdo slab 80 is divided into two segments to facilitate transport to the site, and can be used as a pieced slab by combining them with long-gathered reinforcing bars. ,

A total of two additional effects are added, such as the second effect of reducing construction costs, as the weight is further reduced and the lifting equipment can be used as the minimum equipment by making it possible to make the production mold of the pieced slab simply. Can be expected as.

In the method 1-3, in addition to the effect of the method 1-1,

Since PC is introduced in the structure of 1/2 of the bottom edge, which divides both the split slab of the pungdo slab into the upper and lower edges, the advantage of being easy to handle due to a little lighter weight and the other half structure of the upper edge is a facility by the method of on-site casting. Therefore, the first effect of reducing construction cost and

Since the above-mentioned stage 1/2 structure is cast in place, a total of two additional effects can be expected, such as the second effect of not having a connection between segments of each braided slab but integrating through the remaining reinforcement.

In the method 1-4, in addition to the effect of the method 1-1,

The first effect of making it easy to lift and mount because it allows bending by introducing a hinge slide at the lower part of the center side of the pungdo slab.

The second effect of reducing construction costs and construction costs can be expected in addition, since the two-piece slabs are lifted and mounted without the use of a gavent when assembling the slabs on the ground.

In the second installation method

The first effect of shortening construction time and reducing construction cost by using an articulated hinge device that facilitates the installation of the wind-do slab 80, so that it can be installed without a gavent,

㉢ The upper and lower edges of the center side are separated 1/2 structure of the upper edge of the flattened slab is cast on site, so that the flattened slabs arranged in the direction of the tunnel can be integrated together, thus achieving a sense of stability and the half structure of the lower edge The second effect of reducing construction cost by acting as a formwork because it has a PC structure,

The third effect that can increase seismic performance is possible because it introduces the method of in-situ casting only ㉢ piece-cut slab among the three-segment pieces, so it is possible to restrain the connection with the left and right side ㉠㉡ piece-cut slab

㉠㉡ sliced slab and ㉢ sliced slab, which are three-segment slices, are manufactured by dividing the upper and lower edges so that the lower edge 1/2 structure is made of PC structure, and the upper edge 1/2 structure adopts the method of on-site casting. Therefore, a total of four additional effects can be expected, including the fourth effect that can unify the entire wind-do slab.

1 is a schematic view showing a state of a bracket part of a tunnel lining in which a wind road slab applied to the present invention can be seated
FIG. 2 is a view schematically showing a wind-do slab provided as a single barn-shaped two-segment segment in a unit form.
3 schematically shows the details (a) of the pressure jaw binding unit 1 at the upper end and the slab binding unit 2 at the lower end of the pungdo slab, and the details (b) of the shape of the pressure jaw and the binding unit changed to a cover bundle. drawing
Figure 4 is a general overview of the details (a) in which the segments of the braided slab and the pressure jaws are arranged so that they are alternately opposed to each other, and the details (b) in which the segments of the braided slab are arranged so that they are alternately opposed to each other, but the pressure jaws are integrated between the segments. Illustrated plane
FIG. 5 is a view schematically showing a state in which the 1/2 lower edge of the wind road slab of FIG. 2 is made of a PC structure and the 1/2 upper edge is manufactured by casting in place.
Figure 6 is a two-segment split slab of Figure 2 again divided into two divisions of ①②, but one side of the ① splitting slab, embedding a long-grained reinforcing bar and inserting the remaining ② split slab, the details consisting of the two-segment split slab of Figure 2 ( a) and the detail of the central fastener (b)
7 is a view schematically showing a state in which the wind road slab is composed of a three-divided piece slab
FIG. 8 is a view schematically showing the shape of a ㉢ piece of piece slab among the three-segment piece of piece slab of FIG. 7 to have various shapes such as a hatchet type (a), an arch type (b), and a flat type (c).
FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the ㉠ piece cutting slab and the ㉢ piece cutting slab are connected by a hinge, and the entire width can be shortened by bending the ㉠ piece cutting slab during lifting.
Figure 10 is a three-segmented slab of the ㉠㉡ pieced slab is supported by a movable gavent, and ㉢ the pieced slab is configured to be constructed in various ways such as PC structure, 1/2PC structure, cast-in-place structure, etc. A drawing schematically showing so that it can be manufactured as a 1/2PC structure
FIG. 11 is a view schematically showing the configuration details (a) of the hinge, which is the binding point of the braided slab of FIG. 8, the location and arrangement details of the pressure jaws at the upper edge (b), and details (c) combining them.
12 is a view of the shape of the bracket part, the edge holder of the braided slab to be supported therein, and the detail (a) consisting of a non-shrinkable mortar, and a detail (b) viewing this in plan view, and a fall prevention hook and turnbuckle of the braided slab A drawing schematically showing the detail (c) of and the detail (d) of the L-beam for fall prevention fixing the bracket part and the lower surface of the wind road slab
13 is a view schematically showing various shapes of fixtures, such as (a), (b), (c), and (d), as a facility of the bracket, the installation method, and the relationship with the wind-do slab
FIG. 14 is a view schematically showing the shape of the edge holder of the braided slab to which the bracket part of FIG. 13 is supported.
FIG. 15 is a view schematically showing details of a binding tool 3 for controlling heterogeneous deformation of a connection part between wind road slab segments
Fig. 16 is a view schematically showing that the outer piece is bent by introducing a piece to the center of the two-segment pieced slab

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention crosses the upper side of the spring line 95 of the tunnel interior 90 as shown in FIG. 1 to discharge contaminated air in the tunnel interior 90 and supply fresh air from the outside. The wind road slab 80 of Figs. 2 to 7 adopted in the cross-flow and semi-cross-flow ventilation system for the ventilation system can be stably mounted, and the thickness is not thickened, as well as fall is prevented, and construction can be simplified. The construction cost can be reduced by reducing the number of facility items for production.

To this end, the wind road slab 80 of the present invention has a conventional structure together with the tunnel lining 100 in the tunnel interior 90 as shown in FIG. 2, and the wind road slab 80 has both brackets 110 It is preferable to integrally form the bracket portion 110 so as to face each other inside the tunnel lining 100 in order to mount and support the edge side.

Here, a fixing bracket 113 is placed on the upper surface side of the briquette part 110 so that the edge side of the wind road slab 80 is supported by horizontal force so that the pressure jaw 102 at the center side of the wind road slab 80 is mutually aligned. It should be installed so that the fixture 113 serves to prevent push until it touches and does not descend downward any more.

On the other hand, as shown in Figs. 2 to 6, the wind road slab 80 is a first installation method in which the entire wind road slab is divided into two divisions, but the center side is installed in the shape of a hatchet that rises upward. There is, the reason for installing in this way is to make it easy to manufacture and mount using a segmented type, to prevent sagging due to its own weight, to prevent tensile force from occurring, and to prevent the wind road slab 80 from falling off. This is to ensure a wide field of view by increasing a sense of openness to the driver.

On the contrary, as shown in Fig. 7, there is a second installation method in which the entire wind road slab is divided into three divisions, and this is not only the reason for the first installation method, but also makes manufacturing easier and allows the cross section space of the wind road to be wider. It is intended to be installed in various shapes.

First, the first installation method will be described. As shown in Figs. 12 to 14, as shown in Figs. 12 to 14, the structural principle of the method is attached to the holder 114 in the holder 114 installed at both ends so that the wind road slab 80 is not pushed. After support is made so that the pressure jaws 102, which are protrusions on both central sides of the wind road slab 80, contact each other so that they do not sag in the downward direction, their weight is applied to the clamps 113 at both ends along the inclined wind road slab 80. It uses the principle that a sense of stability can be taken relatively because the horizontal force is transmitted.

In this way, a large horizontal force acts on the fixture 113, and a small vertical force acts on the bracket portion 110, so a sufficient reinforcement structure of the fixture 113 and the bracket portion 110 must be made.

In addition, in order to manufacture the Pungdo slab 80, it is necessary to selectively arrange and manufacture fine reinforcing bars, PC steel strands, and wire mesh to ensure toughness so that sagging and cracks do not occur due to their own weight and loads during construction and maintenance. The reason for doing this is to improve the durability of the wind road slab 80 and to suppress the occurrence of cracks.

Such, the wind-do slab 80 can be manufactured in the two-segment structure of Figs. 2 to 5 and the four-divided two-segment structure of Fig. 6, in which any of the single-segmented slabs 101', 101" The lower surface of one end side has a flat structure in accordance with the upper surface of the bracket part 110, and forms a hatchet shape and a pressure jaw 102 protruding from the upper surface of the central slab along the slab structure inclined from the end side to the center side, The divided braided slabs 101 ′ and 101 ″ are arranged so as to be opposite to each other to form one wind-do slab 80.

Here, the role of the pressure jaw 102 means that when the braided slabs 101 ′ and 101 ″ divided into left and right face the pressure jaws 102, which are the central protrusions, and the force is transmitted downward by their own weight, the wind road slab 80 A certain amount of sagging occurs as the horizontal force is transmitted to the fixing brackets 113 at both ends of the panel, and at this time, a compression force is applied as the pressure jaw 102 surface is more closely contacted to prevent further sagging downward. Are doing.

In the configuration to prevent further sagging as described above, as shown in FIG. 3, external binding tools 1 and 2 (104, 105) using the pressure jaw 102 are installed to supplement this. This is because safety is considered as a top priority task in preparation for an emergency.

For this purpose, first, when manufacturing the braided slabs (101', 101"), it is necessary to make a hole at the top of the position where the pressure jaw 102 abuts to bury the customs pipe 122 in advance. It is to be inserted into (122) and filled with a nut (N). In addition, an arc-shaped clearance pipe 122 is previously buried inside the braided slabs 101', 101" to fill the binding tool 2 105 to fill the binding jaws ( 108), and fill the area around the customs with milk.

In order to settle on the binding jaws 108, it is natural that the binding jaws 108 are pre-configured when manufacturing the wind-do slab 80, and these binding tools 1 and 2 (104, 105) are at regular intervals in the direction of the tunnel. 2, 3(a), and Fig. 2, 3(a) and Fig. 2, 3(a) and Fig. 2, which are formed by the binding jaws 108 in particular, so that the wind road slab 80 itself does not shake even when vibrations due to earthquakes or the like occur. 5, Figure 6 (a) The horizontal plane of the stepped part 103 is to be used as an inspection passage for the installation and maintenance of bulkhead facilities and tunnel lining 100 and various facilities on the wind-do slab 80. In addition, reinforcing bars are used as the material of the binding tool 1 (104), and the material of the binding tool 2 (105) can be selectively used reinforcing bars, PC strands, etc., and is not limited to any one material, but two materials. Can also be used in combination.

On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 13(a), a method of wedge theory must be devised so that the wind road slab 80 is supported in the bracket part 110 without being pushed by the horizontal force, and a brick in the corner of the bracket part 110 The first method to support the edge side of the wind-do slab 80 by fixing the fixture 1 (113-1) made of a non-shrinkable material such as or EPS material as a support material,

As shown in Fig. 13(b), the bracket part 110 is drilled in an oblique direction to bury the bent fixture 113, but the fixture 113 may be deformed by a large horizontal force, so an obtuse angle is applied to the protrusion of the fixture 113. The second method to support the horizontal force by installing a fixing metal 2 (113-2) reinforcing the bent portion of the fixing metal 113 by welding the reinforcing bar (113a) forming the head,

As shown in Fig. 13(c), the reinforcing bar (113b) is protruded from the edge of the pungdo slab, but the length of the reinforcing bar (113b) is adjusted by selecting a spiral on the protruding part and rotating the socket pipe (113c) corresponding thereto. ) Is brought into contact with the holder 114 to perform the role of the fixture 3 (113-3) of horizontal force resistance, and the protrusion reinforcing bar (113b) and the socket pipe (above) on the surface of the wind-do slab (80) holder (114) 113c) can be provided to faithfully perform the anti-slippering role by drilling the upper surface of the bracket 110 and embedding reinforcing bars to establish a third method of tightening the fasteners 3 (113-3).

In addition, as shown in Fig. 13(d), a pull-out reinforcing bar (113ㄹ) and a socket pipe (113c) are provided at the edge of the wind-do slab 80 to reach the tunnel lining 100, so that the fourth You can compose a plan.

When explaining the construction method for these, the above measures,

First of all, in the first plan, after cleaning by spraying air into the corner of the bracket part 110 in advance using a movable gavent 127, apply a sticking agent such as glue, and attach a brick or EPS material to the bracket 1 (113-1). There is a way to use it,

In the second method, the upper surface of the bracket part 110 is drilled in an inclined direction before installing the wind road slab 80, and the 2-1 method of installing the fastener 2 113-2, and after the wind road slab 80 is installed. A 2-2 method of performing oblique drilling and installing the fixture 3 (113-3) can be applied, but both methods are inserted into the holder 114 of the braided slab and are fixed by injecting around the perforated part.

In the third plan, in order to install a single wind-do slab 80 by tying the protruding reinforcing bar (113b) and the socket pipe (113c) when manufacturing the wind-do slab 80, and to adjust the height at which the pressure jaw 102 abuts. The method of adjusting the length by turning the socket pipe (113ㄷ) can be applied.

In the fourth plan, the pull-out reinforcing bar (113ㄹ) and the socket pipe (113c) are provided at the time of manufacturing the pungdo slab (80) so that it plays the role of the fixture (113).

Either way, the holder 114 and the surrounding voids are poured with a non-shrink mortar 115 so as to be horizontal with the wind-do slab 80 surface.

In this way, after the stability of the fixture 113 and the wind road slab 80 are all installed, a non-shrink mortar 115 to block the flow of air in the tunnel is installed together with a crack prevention material such as wire mesh to cure the horizontal force. It is to take reinforcing stability against

Such a fixing plate 113 only plays a role for preventing the horizontal force from being pushed, but does not guarantee the prevention of falling off of the wind road slab 80 by seismic waves. Therefore, as the above-described drop-off prevention device, as shown in FIG. 12(c), the first scheme for tying the loops 116 fixed to the lining and the loops 116 installed on the upper end of the wind slab with a turnbuckle 112,

As shown in Fig. 12(d), the front side of the bracket part 110 and the lower surface of the wind road slab 80 use the L-beam 131 and the anchor 132 and apply the second method of tightening the flat surface, and use the shotcrete 133. It is possible to selectively adopt a method to prevent corrosion by pouring.

In addition, when the pressure jaw 102 is installed in the opposite direction, a filler material 106 such as a rubber plate is pre-loaded on the pressure jaw 102 as a facility to block the flow of air and damage due to mutual contact of concrete. It is installed so as to face each other after interlocking, but the top of the pressure jaws 102 on both sides must be horizontally arranged, so that the customs clearance 122 of the binding tool 1 (104) is mutually This is because it must be arranged so as to face each other.

At this time, the pressure jaws 102 should be arranged to face each other, but not arranged so that the front of one piece of the slab 101 ′ faces the front of the other piece of the slab 101", as shown in FIG. It is preferable to arrange them to be staggered. This is because the connecting surface between segments of the wind road slab 80 has 50% of the connecting surface than that installed over the entire surface, so between the segments of the braided slabs 101', 101" in the direction of the tunnel progression. It is to reduce the risk of destruction due to vibration in the horizontal transmission wave during step deformation and earthquake.

Such pressure jaw 102 is a method of manufacturing with a PC from the time of manufacturing together with the braided slabs 101', 101" as shown in Fig. 4(a), and a method of manufacturing in-situ casting as shown in Fig. 4(b). It can be divided, and it can be done by a method of integrating by covering the hat cap 109 as shown in FIG. 3(b).

In the case of electronic (PC production), as described so far, it is possible to simplify the construction by just assembling during construction, and the advantage of being able to replace the braided slabs (101', 101") during maintenance. (101',101") It can be said that it is vulnerable to earthquakes as each is separated separately.

In the latter case, the PC wind slab 80 for a certain section is arranged in zigzag, and then only the pressure jaw 102 is cast-in-place to unify the two-sided slabs 101', 101" in the longitudinal direction. It is a facility with excellent seismic performance as it can be integrated between the braided slabs 101', 101", while the removable gavent 127 temporarily supporting the braided slabs 101', 101" cannot be removed. The disadvantages are that the over-air may be delayed and that the braided slabs (101', 101") cannot be replaced during maintenance.

In the case of a three-shape (hat cap), as in the latter case, the pressure jaw 102 is absent, but not only can it exert the effect of tying the braided slabs 101', 101" on both sides, and the facility can be very simple and maintenance. While it has the advantage that it is possible to replace the sieve slabs (101', 101"), there is a disadvantage in that a separate hat cap (109) must be manufactured.

The configuration of the three-character hat cap 109 is an integrated structure such as the latter in-situ casting, or as a PC-assembled member, with the reinforcing bars protruding in the raised position at the center of the PC fragment slabs 101', 101" arranged in zigzag It is a method of inserting the cap 109 into the customs pipe 122 and then filling the periphery with mortar and filling it with a nut N, which is another type of pressure jaw 102.

On the other hand, the shape of the wind slab 80 can be classified into four types and manufactured,

First, as shown in Fig. 2, each of the two-segmented pieced slabs 101 ′ and 101 ″ is separately manufactured in the field and at the factory, but is provided with a holder 114 of Fig. 14 on the podium side, and a pressure jaw ( 102) is manufactured with PC, but is manufactured by mixing PC stranded wire and reinforcing bar, or 1-1 method in which only one type of PC stranded wire and reinforcing bar is used.

Secondly, as shown in Fig. 6, one side of the segmented slab (101', 101") is made into two-sided four-segment slabs that are divided into two divisions of ①②, and the two-segmented slabs of ①② are combined to separate the former two segments. It is to be completed with a single-segmented slab (101', 101"). Among these four-segment slabs, one of these four-segment slabs to be placed on the bracket part (110) ① Produced by embedding several reinforcing bars 121 in the edge-side segment slab and ② the center-side segment slab After inserting into several customs pipes 122 installed in the facility, the periphery is filled with milk to be cured and fixed, and the nut groove 123 is filled with a non-shrink mortar 115, so the above-described single-sided slab 101' ,101") and the 1-2 way,

Thirdly, as shown in Fig. 5, in order to improve the seismic performance of the braided slabs (101', 101"), the composite configuration of the half PC is manufactured with a PC with only 1/2 thickness of the lower edge and the 1/2 thickness of the stage by casting in place. A 1-3 method of integrating the braided slabs 101', 101" in the direction of the tunnel as a means to reinforce the seismic vulnerability of the braided slabs 101', 101" by forming a shape, and

Fourth, as shown in Fig. 16, in order to improve the workability of the braided slabs 101', 101" manufactured with a two-segment PC structure on both sides, a pin structure slide 117 at the center of the braided slabs 101', 101" divided into two sections. It is a 1-4 method that introduces a method using a device, arranges to face each other, and manufactures a bending-type wind-do slab 80 that is configured to be folded by bending the braided slabs 101', 101" on both sides downward. It becomes distinct.

As the reason for manufacturing by classifying into the above four,

First, it is because it is possible to shorten the construction period as well as to simplify the construction because both sides of the slabs (101', 101") of the pungdo slab (80) are manufactured with a PC and only assembled on site.

In the second, even if the length of the first piece of slab (101', 101") is about 10m, there may be cases where it cannot be achieved due to the conditions of the on-site production site, and even if it is manufactured and transported in a factory, it is not a small length. In order to overcome this, the second quadrant slab can be easily manufactured on site, so it is to overcome the narrow spot defects on the site.

Third, in consideration of ventilation and seismic stability, the 1/2PC segmented slab is divided into segments and facilities are mobilized by using complex construction methods along with on-site casting.

Fourth, the bending-type braided slabs 101 ′ and 101 ″ are intended to facilitate mounting on the bracket unit 110 without the need to separately provide a movable gavent 127.

It is a natural construction procedure to take measures to prevent ventilation by filling the pungdo slab 80 assembled and completed in this way with mortar and silicon on all joint surfaces.

The main point of the above first installation method is the pressure jaw 102 for sagging and maintaining stability, and the fastening tool 104, 105, the shape of the hatchet-shaped installation to achieve this, and the role and necessity of the fixing bracket 113, which is a horizontal force control device generated at this time. In addition, the seismic anti-fall facility and the manufacturing method of various braided slabs (101', 101") are described.

Next, the second installation method will be described. First, as shown in Fig. 9(a), a hinge node is provided at the jointed position of the three-segment braided slabs 101', 101", so that the length is shortened and the bracket The 2-1 method that allows it to be safely seated on the part 110 and the half that is manufactured by separating the upper and lower edges of only the piece-cut slab 101-3 so that the lower edge is made of a PC structure, and the upper stage is made by casting on-site. As shown in Fig. 10, it is possible to manufacture in the method of 2-2, which is a PC, and the method of 2-3, in which only the ㉢ piece-separated slab is supported with a movable gavent 127, and a copper bar 125 is installed therein. , All three-segment segments can be divided into upper and lower edges, and half of the lower edge can be produced by PC, and half of the upper edge can be produced by the method of 2-4, which is a half PC made by casting in place.

Unlike the two-segment fabrication and installation method of the first installation method, the three-segment fabrication and installation method is applied here to make the length of the segment slab per segmented location easier in production and transport, and when installing it, FIG. It is another alternative in that it is possible to introduce various shapes such as Figs. 8 and (a), (b), and (c), as well as the shape of the hat, and that all of these shapes are installed in an inclined manner to overcome deflection. There is.

In a more detailed description of the method 2-1 of the above facility methods, as shown in Fig. 9(a), the cross-section of the joint is manufactured in an uneven shape,

Since the bowjeol (117) bowjeol pipe (120) and the bowjeol bar (118), which can install a hinge in the center of the uneven portion, are installed, so that the ㉠㉡ sliced slabs (101-1, 101-2) can be bent. And, as shown in Figs. 11(a), 11(b) and 11(c), a pressure jaw 102 is provided on the bow joint 117,

As shown in Fig. 9(b), a hook (116) is installed on the edge side of the ㉠㉡ sliced slab (101-1.101-2) and the upper surface of the ㉢ sliced slab (101-3) near the bowel (117) and wire 119 It is installed so that the bending angle of the ㉠㉡ sliced slab (101-1.101-2) can be adjusted.

As for the shape of the irregularities on which the bow 117 is installed, as shown in Figs. 11(a) and 11(c), the upper surface of the ㉠㉡ sliced slab 101-1.101-2 has a right angle (S) shape. Since the lower surface forms a round (R) shape, the ㉠㉡ sliced slab (101-1.101-2) by the bow 117 forms a structure that can be bent only downward, and the ㉢ sliced slab (101-3) It has a structure that prevents rotation by making the upper and lower surfaces form a right angle (S).

On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 11(b), the pressure jaw 102 of the bow section 117 must be installed by separating the continuous pressure jaw 102-1 and the intermittent pressure jaw 102-2, which is divided into three bent portions. Since the horizontal force due to its own weight will also act on the sliding portion 117 when the pieced slabs 101-1 and 101-2 are lifted and mounted on the bracket portion 110, a pressure jaw 102 is provided as a means to overcome this, Due to the shape of the uneven portion to which the ㉠㉡splitting slabs (101-1,101-2) and ㉢slicing slabs (101-3) are connected, the slicing (117) part itself is continuous inside the ㉢slicing slab (101-3) A pressure jaw (102-1) is installed, and an intermittent pressure jaw (102-2) is installed on the side of the uneven portion, and the intermittent pressure jaw (102-2) is installed on the uneven portion side. And a continuous pressure jaw (102-1) inside the ㉠㉡ segmented slabs (101-1, 101-2), and the instantaneous continuous pressure jaw (102) when the wind road slab (80) is mounted on the bracket portion (110) Since -1) and the intermittent pressure jaw 102-2 are in contact with each other, sagging is prevented, the mechanical facilities of the sliding section 117 can be maintained, and the overall stability of the wind slab 80 can be maintained.

Of course, since the pressure jaw part 102 also interlocks the filler material 106, such as a rubber plate, to protect the concrete surface of the pressure jaw 102, and install the binding tool 1 104, and also, as shown in FIG. ) The gap is also finished with mortar and silicone to control ventilation.

In the method of 2-2, ㉢ the lower edge 1/2 of the thickness of the piece-cutting slab (101-3) is a PC structure. Install the copper bar-ri (125) on the copper-barrier holder (126) and support it. ) It is intended to be used as a half-PC1 method that enables construction of the stage 1/2 of the thickness in a cast-in-place structure,

In addition, as shown in Fig. 10, the method of 2-3 supports both ㉠㉡ PC fragmentation slabs 101-1, 101-2 with a movable gavent 127, and allows the ㉢ fragmentation slab 101-3 to be cast in place. There, the movable gavent 127's movable bracket 126 is used in a structure that can support the ㉢ piece cutting slab (101-3) for pouring the copper bar (125), and both ㉠㉡ PC pieced slab (101-) It is a method of connecting the rebar drawn in 1,101-2) and the reinforcing bar newly reinforced to the ㉢ piece cutting slab (101-3) with a coupler and placing it on-site to form an integrated structure without hinge nodes.

In this way, the pressure jaw is unnecessary, and the horizontal force due to the shape of the hatchet is transmitted to the fixture 113, and the technical details of the fixture can be said to be the same as the first installation method.

The method of 2-4 is to make the entire surface of the three-segment segmented slab in combination with a 1/2PC structure and a half PC2 structure of cast-in-place structure, and expand the method 2-2 to promote overall integration.

In addition, the same principles and standards as the first installation method are applied to the fixture 113, which is a horizontal force control device, and a seismic drop-off prevention facility.

On the other hand, the braided slabs 101', 101" composed of PC are made of segments of a certain length in the direction of the tunnel progress, and these segmented braided slabs 101', 101" sag and Since different deformations may occur due to the influence of drying contraction and the load load, in order to overcome this, as shown in Fig. 15, the braided slabs must be tied together so that they can behave integrally.

In other words, as a means of controlling the ventilation of the 11-shaped joint surface and suppressing the sliding phenomenon and displacement on the slope, as shown in Fig. 15, an arc-shaped clearance is buried at regular intervals at the connection between the tunneling direction of the segmented segmented slab, and the round vine is bound. It is tightened to the stepped jaws using a 3, and the inside of the customs pipe is filled with mortar, and the upper chamfer is controlled with mortar and silicone.

In addition, there are four methods for installing the segmented wind road slab 80,

First of all, by hanging the chain blocks 136 and 137 on the edge and center sides of the hoist 134 and the lifting ring 135 installed on the tunnel lining crown, or by a crane, the one side of the one side of the split slab 101' and the other side of the one side of the split slab ( 101") After lifting each upright, pull the chain block 136 on the edge side in the air to maintain the proper inclined direction to install the braided slabs 101', 101", and lower the holders 114 at both ends while lowering it downward. After inserting the fasteners 113 into the inside, while increasing the length of the central chain block 137, the central side of the braided slabs 101', 101" is gradually lowered and the pressure jaws 102 are joined in the air so that they abut each other. The first method, which is a two-segment joint method,

As shown in Fig. 16, the hoist 134 installed in the tunnel lining crown and the lifting ring 135 are lifted by hanging the edge-side and center-side chain blocks 1 and 2 (136, 137), but the edge-side chain block 1 (136) By increasing the length, the angle of the hinged wind-doing slab 80 in which one side of the braided slab 101' and the other side of the braided slab 101" are combined is narrowed and lifted, and then the chain block 136 is pulled and narrowed. The second method, which is a two-segment bonding method, in which the angle is widened and seated on the bracket part 110,

A wire installed on the upper surface of the segmented slab at the edge of the bracket part 110, but by hanging the chain blocks 136 and 137 on the edge side and the center side chain blocks (136, 137) on the hoist 134 and the lifting ring 135 installed on the tunnel lining, or lifting it by a crane By loosening (119), the edge-side segment segmented slabs (101', 101") are lifted by bending the hinge (117) downward at a certain angle from the starting point, and then pulling the loosened wire (119) to the outer edge-side segment The third method, which is a three-segment bonding method, in which the braided slabs 101 ′ and 101 ″ are seated on the bracket part 110 while maintaining the inclined surface,

The first method is applied by installing two rows of movable gas vents 127 on the central side of the tunnel, but unlike the first method, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, the ㉠ fragmented slab 101-1 on one side and Put down each of the other side's ㉡ fragmented slabs 101-2 on the hydraulic jack stroke of the movable gavent 127, and operate the stroke of the hydraulic jack installed on the top of the movable gavent 127 so that the splitting slabs 101-1, 101-2 of both sides There is a fourth method, which is a three-segment joining method, in which the ㉢ pieced slab is installed between the ㉠㉡ pieced slabs on both sides by gradually adjusting so that the inclined surfaces are opposite.

When analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the method of installing the wind road slab 80, the first method is a method of installing without a movable gas vent 127, which is economical, but it is difficult to fit the pressure jaws 102 so that they are opposed to each other, so that the constructability is difficult. There is a falling side, and the fourth method has a side that is easy to install but is inexpensive because the mobile vent 127 is installed, and the second and third methods are economical because the mobile vent 127 is unnecessary, but a hinge connection method It can be said that it is difficult to manufacture because it must be prepared at the time of manufacturing the pungdo slab 80.

Here, looking at the configuration of the movable gavent 127, as shown in Figure 10, as shown in Figure 10, the support 140 is set up on the moving device 138 and fixed with a bracing 128 and a copper holder 126 so that the posts 140 can be directly erected. Therefore, it is possible to assemble so as not to cause distortion and install hydraulic jacks (129, 130) on the supports to maintain the inclination of the braided slabs (101', 101") and adjust the pressure jaws (102) so that they abut. Reference numeral 127 is a device capable of safely supporting each of the braided slabs 101' and 101' while having a structure that can move along the rail 139 at each location where the wind road slab 80 is to be installed.

On the other hand, the hoist 134 can be installed by dividing into one place on the central side of the tunnel lining 100 or two places on both sides of the tunnel lining 100 crown. It is fixed in a shape, and the hoist 134 rail can be moved forward or rearward by riding the longitudinal H-beam flange, and the hoist 134, the lifting hook 135 and each of the braided slabs attached to the rail 139 Since the end-side and center-side chain blocks 136 and 137 are connected to the lifting rings 135 installed in (101', 101"), each braided slab 101', 101" can be lifted.

As such, the reason for installing the hoist 134 is when the tunnel leads to a steep slope and it is very difficult to mount it with equipment such as a crane, when the width of the tunnel is wide and the weight is too large to manufacture and mount the full width, It can be used when it is difficult for equipment such as a crane to enter.

In the detailed description of the present invention, the configuration of the wind road slab 80 has been described so far. In the tunnel, fires may occur due to various accidents such as vehicle contact accidents and rollover accidents. There is a method of attaching it to the wind-do slab 80, but this cannot be a fundamental countermeasure because there is a possibility that the facility may be detached as the aging of the facility progresses.

Therefore, as one of the methods for preventing heat damage due to such a fire, in the present invention, in the case of using the aggregate when manufacturing the wind road slab 80 as an example, refractory concrete to which the fire resistant material is applied is partially applied to the lower side of the wind road slab 80. Alternatively, the method used as a whole on the wind slab 80, the method of attaching the plaster to the bottom surface, and the method of increasing the adhesive force by making the net coat thick enough to be 3cm or more, and using metal lath can be used. , It would be desirable to improve durability by applying a method of installing sprinklers 141 spaced appropriately along the upper and lower lanes.

This wind slab 80 may be compared with a conventional product. Therefore, when the above wind road slab 80 is called a segmented wind road slab and a comparative analysis with the conventional arched wind road slab, it can be seen that it is differentiated in terms of structural principles, safety and workability, economy and use.

That is, the arched wind-do slab 80 may be applied when the width of the tunnel is relatively small. In this case, the span is short and the amount of deflection due to its own weight is small, so it is applicable, but the width of the tunnel is wide and the span is In the case of a long case, the amount of sagging due to its own weight is large, so it is installed in a structure that is hung on the PC strand for fall prevention, or the thickness of the wind slab 80 is increased and the PC strand is placed inside the slab so that the rigidity can be maintained. It can be said that safety is maintained only when facilities are installed.

This arched wind-do slab 80 has to be manufactured in a specialized PC factory equipped with manufacturing facilities because it is necessary to introduce compression force by a method of pre-tension by installing a PC steel strand inside. Transportation costs increase due to the high price and the distance from the site, and because it is a curved PC structure and has a large self-weight, it is not possible to load and transport several, and the risk of damage due to the flatness of the passing bridge and road surface and on-site manufacturing There are difficulties due to the flatness and settlement of the small transport route.

In addition, since the wind-do slab 80 itself is large, its own weight increases and the construction cost increases due to the need to use a large-sized crane, which is quite unfavorable in terms of safety, constructability, and economy. While there are frequent accidents due to the fact that there are many difficulties to be solved, such as difficulty in handling due to the elongated length during lifting and damage due to contact with the lining, it is a reality.

Although there is a trend to develop vertical lift equipment to solve these difficulties, enormous R&D and manufacturing costs will be applied to the construction cost, and the correlation between the protrusion of the bracket 110 and the total width of the wind slab 80 in the lifting process The reality is that it is by no means easy.

In the above-described reality state, the segmented wind road slab 80, which can solve all these difficulties and concisely construct construction, and reduce construction cost and construction costs, uses a pressure jaw even when the width of the tunnel is wide. 80) can suppress sagging due to its own weight, do not need PC strands for fall prevention, and allow PC strands to be introduced into the slab, but can introduce compressive force through the post-tension method. It is possible, and the slab thickness for each section is thin, and its own weight is somewhat light because it has a cavity, so it can be lifted by crane equipment or hoist 134, so it has quite advantageous conditions in terms of safety, constructability, and economy. The disadvantages of the arched wind slab 80 are improved.

N; Nut R; Round part
S; Right angle
80; Wind slab 90; Inside the tunnel
95; Spring line 100; Tunnel lining
101'; One side piece cutting slab 101"; the other side piece cutting slab
101-1; ㉠ piece cutting slab 101-2; ㉡ Sliced slab
101-3; ㉢ sliced slab 102; Pressure jaw
102-1; Continuous pressure jaw 102-2; Intermittent pressure jaw
103; Step 104; Unity 1
105; Binding tool 2 106; Filler material
107; Binding sphere 3 108; Binding chin
109; Hat cap 110; Bracket part
111; Anchor bar 112; Turnbuckle
113; Bracket 113-1; Fixture 1
113-1; Bracket 2 113-1; Fixture 3
113a; Obtuse reinforcing bar 113b; Extruded rebar
113c; socket pipe 113d; Pull-out rebar
114; holder
115; Non-shrink mortar 116; Collar
117; Bow 118; Active bar
119; Wire 120; Play hall
121; Long-grained reinforcement 122; Customs clearance
123; Nut groove 124; Filler
125; Dongbari 126; East barricade
127; Removable garbage 128; Bracing
129; Hydraulic jack 1 130; Hydraulic Jack 2
131; L-beam 132; anchor
133; Shotcrete 134; Hoist
135; Lifting ring 136; Podium side chain block
137; Central side chain block 138; Moving device
139; Rail 140; landlord
141; Sprinkler

Claims (19)

In the installation of the wind road slab 80 crossing the upper side of the spring line 95 in the tunnel to supply and exhaust air inside the tunnel structure, the entire length of the wind road slab 80 in the transverse direction is divided into two segments. Manufactured and installed, but in that method,
All two segments are manufactured with PC slices, but a method of manufacturing with a holder 114 on the podium side,
One end side is to be supported by the bracket 113 of the bracket portion 110, and the pressure jaw 102 on the other side is arranged so as to form a hatchet-shaped configuration in a rising state. Diverse and easy segmented wind-do slab structure
In order to supply and exhaust air into the tunnel structure, in the installation of the wind road slab 80 that crosses the upper side of the spring line 95 in the tunnel, the entire length of the wind road slab in the transverse direction is divided into three pieces of pc. And install so that all three segments are directly connected to each other,
When installing inclined from one end side to the center side, the end side is to be supported by the bracket 113 of the bracket part 110, and the shape of the other side 101-3 on the center side in contact with it is inclined hat-shaped, curved Various and easy segmented wind-do slab structures for ventilation in tunnels, allowing them to be manufactured in various ways to be composed of either arcuate or horizontal flat shape, and selectively arrange them
The method of claim 1,
In the production and installation of a PC by dividing the pungdo slab 80 into a two-segment segmented slab,
The central part, which is the connection point between segments, is installed in the shape of a hatchet rising upward, but the edge of either side of the two piece slabs is placed on the upper surface of the lining bracket part 110 to form a structure supported by the fixture 113, and the other side center The side is composed of a pressure jaw 102, which is a protruding structure along an inclined slab structure, to form a butt, various and easy segmented wind-do slab structure for ventilation in a tunnel
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2,
In installing the wind-do slab jungle prevention facility,
The bracket installed on the upper surface of the bracket is ⓐ method of installing the bracket 1 (113-1) of brick or EPS material at the location where it meets the lining inside the bracket,
Before installing the braided slab 101, an arbitrary position of the bracket 110 is drilled in an inclined direction at appropriate intervals, and the bracket 2 (113-2) as a protrusion installed in a shape reinforcing the bent portion is provided with the holder 114 of the braided slab. ) And the ⓑ plan to be installed so that it is inserted and supported,
The braided slab 101 is subjected to horizontal force by selecting any one of the ⓒ ways to make a pull-out reinforcing bar (113ㄹ) and a socket pipe (113c) on the edge side of the braided slab 101 to reach the tunnel lining 100. ) Is not pushed, and a variety of easy segmented wind slab structure for ventilation in the tunnel
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2,
As a facility to prevent dropping of Pungdo slab,
An installation plan of a turnbuckle 112 that binds the hooks 116 installed on the lining and the hooks 116 installed on the wind slab,
When the front of the bracket 110 and the wind road slab, the flat surface is tightened using L-beams 131 and anchors 132, and shotcrete is poured to prevent corrosion from occurring. Diverse and easy segmented wind slab structure for internal ventilation
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2,
Since the braided slabs are arranged obliquely and the protruding pressure jaws 102 are arranged in the opposite direction between the braided slabs, the hatchet shape is formed, but the opposite braided slabs are overlapped by 50% of the zigzag method,
By embedding a customs pipe 122 at the top of the pressure jaw 102 in advance to install the fastening hole 1 104 with a nut, or by embedding an arc-shaped customs tube 122 on the inner surface of the braided slab at the bottom of the pressure jaw 102 in advance. Filling the binding tool 2 (105) is fixed to the binding jaw (108),
A filler material 106, such as a rubber plate, is interlocked on any one side of the pressure jaw 102 for ventilation and control of frictional damage to concrete in the portion where the pressure jaws 102 of both sides meet,
An arc-shaped customs pipe 122 is buried at regular intervals at the connection between the segmented slab in the tunnel direction and fastened to the stepped by using a round vine binding tool 3 107. Mortar around the customs tube 122, inside Diverse and easy segmented wind slab structure for ventilation in tunnels, filling with milk and controlling ventilation with mortar and silicon in the upper chamfer
The method of claim 6
The pressure jaw 102 can be divided into a method of manufacturing with a PC from the time of manufacturing a pungdo slab, a method of manufacturing with an on-site casting, and a method of manufacturing with a hat cap 109,
In the method of manufacturing with a PC, the method of arranging in a zigzag manner so that the connection surface between segments has 50% connection surface than that installed over the entire surface.
In the method of making on-site casting, only the pressure bumps of the PC wind slabs arranged in zigzag are bound together through integrated construction,
In the method of manufacturing by covering the hat cap 109, a reinforcing bar protruding at the raised position on the center side of the PC wind slab arranged in zigzag as a PC assembly type member is inserted into the customs pipe 122 of the hat cap 109, and then the surrounding voids are removed. Various and easy segmented wind-do slab structures for ventilation in tunnels, which are installed by selecting one of the methods of filling with mortar and filling with nuts.
The method of claim 1,
One of the two-segmented slabs is made into two-sided four-segment slabs that are divided into two segments, and the segmented slabs are assembled into two-segmented slabs.
Among these four-segment slabs, several lengthened reinforcing bars 121 are embedded in the edge-side segment slab to be placed on the bracket part 110, and then inserted into several pipes 122 installed in the central segment slab, and the periphery is milked. Filling, curing and fixing, and filling the nut groove 123 with a nut and then filling the nut groove 123 with mortar, thus completing the above-mentioned pieced slab, a variety of easy segmented wind-do slab structure for ventilation in the tunnel
The method of claim 1,
In order to improve the seismic performance of the two-segmented slab, only half the thickness of the lower edge of the flattened slab is made with PC, and the upper half of the splitting slab is made of a complex configuration of half PC made by casting in-situ. Integrate with the system, various and easy segmented wind road slab structures for ventilation in the tunnel
The method of claim 1,
The braided slabs 101', 101" made in a two-segment PC structure are arranged to face each other by introducing a pin-structured bowing 117 device at the center side, and the braided slabs 101', 101" on both sides are bent downward. Diverse and easy segmented wind road slab structure for ventilation in tunnels with a structure that can be folded and folded
The method of claim 2,
In a method in which all three segments are made in a PC structure so that the left and right braided slabs are joined with the central braided slab and the bow 117 to be refracted,
The cross-section of the junction between the outer pieced slab and the central side pieced slab was made in the shape of an uneven shape,
By installing a bow joint 117 that can install a hinge in the center of the concave and convex portion, a clearance pipe 122 and a bow joint bar 118 so that the outer sliced slab can be bent, and a pressure jaw 102 on the bow joint portion With
A hook (116) is installed on the upper surface near the edge of the outer segmented slab and the middle side of the segmented slab, and a wire (119) is installed to adjust the bending angle of the outer segmented slab.
In the shape of the uneven portion in which such bowing is provided, the upper surface of the outer sliced slab forms a right angle and the lower surface forms a round (R) shape, so that the outer sliced slab by the bowing 117 can be bent only downward. A structure that prevents rotation by making the central segmented slab form a right angle (S) on both the upper and lower sides, and a variety of easy segmented wind road slab structure for ventilation in the tunnel.
The method of claim 11,
In the bow section 117, the pressure jaw 102 should be installed by separating the continuous pressure jaw 102-1 and the intermittent pressure jaw 102-2,
Due to the shape of the uneven portion to which the outer portion of the split portion 117 is connected to the central portion of the flat portion, a continuous pressure jaw (102-1) is provided inside the central portion of the flat portion, and intermittent pressure is provided on the side of the uneven portion. A jaw (102-2) is provided, an intermittent pressure jaw (102-2) is installed on the side of the uneven portion of the outer piece slab, and a continuous pressure jaw (102-1) is installed on the inside to prevent sagging because they are in contact with each other. Fulfilled,
A filler material 106, such as a rubber plate, is interlocked on the pressure jaw 102 to protect the concrete surface of the pressure jaw 102, and a binding tool 1 (104) is installed to maintain stability, and a gap in the slide 117 Diverse and easy segmented wind road slab structure for ventilation in tunnels, which controls ventilation by finishing with mortar and silicone
The method of claim 2,
Among the three-segmented pieced slab installation method, in the half PC1 method in which the lower edge of the central sided pieced slab is made of a PC structure and 1/2 of the upper edge was cast-in-place structure, a movable copper bracket supported on the ends of the PC pieced slab on both outer sides Various and easy segmented wind road slab structures for ventilation in tunnels to be installed and supported at (126)
The method of claim 1,
A hoist (134) installed in the tunnel lining crown part and the lifting ring (135) are lifted by hanging chain blocks 1, 2 (136, 137) on the podium side and the center side, but lengthening the chain block 1 (136) on the podium side After lifting by narrowing the angle of the hinged wind-doing slab 80 to which the braided slab 101 ′ on the other side and the braided slab 101 ″ on the other side are combined, pull the chain block 136 on the edge side to widen the narrowed angle. Diverse and easy segmented wind-do slab structure for ventilation in the tunnel, seated on (110)
The method of claim 2,
Among the three-segmented-segmented slab installation methods, the front of the segmented-segmented slab is manufactured in combination with a 1/2PC structure and a half-PC2 structure of an in-situ casting structure to promote overall integration. Slab structure
The method of claim 11,
Among the three-segment segmented slab installation method, the edge-side and center-side chain blocks (136,137) are hung on the hoist 134 and the lifting ring 135 installed in the tunnel lining crown, or lifted by a crane, etc. Various and easy segmentation types for ventilation in the tunnel, in which the sliding hinge is bent downward from the starting point and lifted, and then the segmented segmented slab 101 on the outer edge is mounted on the bracket while maintaining the slope. Wind road slab structure
The method according to any one of claims 13 and 14,
Among the three-segment wind road slab installation method, the stroke installed on the top of the movable gavent 127 is the maximum withdrawal of the ㉠ piece-cutting slab (101-1) on one side and the ㉡ piece-cutting slab (101-2) on the other side. Put it down on the hydraulic jack and move the hydraulic jack's stroke downward, and gradually adjust the inclined surfaces of the two-sided split slabs (101-1, 101-2) to face each other, so that the two-sided single-sided slabs (101-1, 101-) 2) Various and easy segmented wind road slab structures for ventilation in tunnels installed between
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2,
The post 140 is installed on the moving device 138, and the movable gavent 127 configured with a hydraulic jack to be adjusted so that the pressure jaw 102 abuts while maintaining the inclination of the braided slab is a position where the wind slab 80 will be installed. Various and easy segmented wind-do slab structures for ventilation in tunnels that allow movement along each rail 139
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2,
Various and easy segmented wind road slabs for ventilation in tunnels to prevent heat damage caused by fire by using fireproof concrete applied with fireproof material on the lower side of the wind road slab 80 or entirely on the wind road slab 80 rescue

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