KR20200064725A - Seawater desalination equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a desalination facility for seawater, and relates to a seawater desalination facility for desalination of seawater or salt ground water to be utilized as various living water or drinking water.
The present invention is provided at the front end of the power generation module (G) and the second pump (P2) for converting the fluid energy of the concentrated water generated and discharged from the primary reverse osmosis module (4000) to the electric energy, and the pre-treatment unit (3000) It controls the temperature of the passed water to the proper temperature to supply to the primary reverse osmosis module (4000), and includes a temperature control module (H) operated by receiving electric energy generated from the power generation module (G). .

Description

Seawater desalination equipment

The present invention relates to a desalination facility for seawater, and relates to a seawater desalination facility for desalination of seawater or salt ground water to be utilized as various living water or drinking water.

It is predicted that the water shortage will be getting worse due to population growth and climate change. In Korea, islands and other regions are experiencing a real shortage of water resources.

More than 90% of manned books in Korea are very small-scale books according to UNESCO standards. In the island region, the water shortage is serious because the river development is weak, the water supply source is difficult to develop, and it is relatively vulnerable to natural disasters. Due to these problems, many of the manned books are turned into uninhabited islands, and it is urgent to secure living water and drinking water.

Small seawater desalination facilities suitable for island areas are mainly using desalination methods that supply water by introducing reverse osmosis (RO), one of seawater desalination technologies. The reverse osmosis method is a method of producing fresh water by permeating water through a reverse osmosis membrane by applying high pressure to sea water.

Desalination of seawater using a reverse osmosis method is required to pressurize the reverse osmosis membrane device using a high pressure pump or the like to pressurize the seawater. This requires higher energy as the salt concentration in the seawater is higher. In order to solve this, water or a solution having a lower salt concentration than seawater or dilution water is mixed with seawater and mixed water is supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus. In the reverse osmosis method, recycling of water such as sewage or rainwater for a positive increase and energy efficiency is an important field.

In addition, an energy recovery device (ERD) is applied to reduce energy consumption in the reverse osmosis method. The energy recovery device can save energy by transferring the fluid energy of the high-pressure concentrated water, which is inevitably generated in the reverse osmosis method, to the raw water flowing into the shaft or the low-pressure pump.

On the other hand, considering the characteristic that the osmotic pressure is proportional to the absolute temperature, maintaining the proper water temperature is directly related to the desalination ability. In the desalination method, maintaining the proper water temperature is directly related to energy efficiency.

In addition to utilizing low-salt water, various methods have been proposed related to energy efficiency measures, such as maintaining proper water temperature, but there have been no reports of application of related problems to small-sized desalination plants.

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1845674 (Registration on March 29, 2018, Name: Seawater desalination facility)

The present invention provides desalination of sea water to supply not only drinking water, but also various living waters, such as household living water, farm water, agricultural water, etc., to easily supply drinking water where there is a shortage of water and to cultivate agricultural crops to island residents. This is to provide an eco-friendly low energy desalination facility that can contribute to the increase in income.

The present invention is to provide clean drinking water and living water without the need to install a separate water purifier by providing a seawater desalination system suitable for an island area with a small number of residents, regardless of the installation area by miniaturizing the seawater desalination facility.

The present invention converts electrical energy into electrical energy using high-pressure energy of concentrated water that has passed through the primary reverse osmosis membrane, and uses the converted electrical energy in a heating module to control the temperature of the pretreated water, thereby increasing flux It is to make it possible.

The present invention pressurizes the living water that has passed through the primary reverse osmosis membrane and flows it into the disc filter, and utilizes it for backwashing, alternately operating, backwashing, and waiting to perform a non-stop pretreatment without having to periodically replace the filtration filter. It relates to a seawater desalination facility for the purpose of making it easy to maintain and maintain the facility.

The present invention is a pre-treatment unit (3000) for filtering the sea water withdrawn; A second pump (P2) for pumping the pretreated water; A primary reverse osmosis module (4000) for desalination by receiving the treated water pumped through the second pump (P2); A power generation module (G) for converting the fluid energy of the concentrated water generated and discharged from the primary reverse osmosis module (4000) into electrical energy; It is provided at the front end of the second pump (P2) and adjusts the temperature of the treated water passing through the pre-treatment unit 3000 to a temperature suitable for supplying to the primary reverse osmosis module 4000, and the power generation module G Temperature control module (H) that is operated by receiving the electrical energy generated in the; And a secondary reverse osmosis module 5000 for secondary desalination by receiving primary desalination water through the primary reverse osmosis module 4000; It includes.

The pre-processing unit 3000 of the present invention further includes a sterilizing filter 3100 for sterilizing raw water flowing from the raw water storage tank 2000 for storing the collected seawater, wherein the sterilizing filter 3100 includes iodine and iodine. After mixing the flame and dissolving it in a high concentration in water, it can be bound to an anion exchange resin to (c) contain iodine anion resin.

The pre-processing unit 3000 of the present invention is disposed at the rear end of the sterilizing filter 3100, and the inlet 3310 receives sterilized water; A solid water discharge unit 3330 having an inverted triangular shape in cross-section in order to precipitate and discharge solid substances having a predetermined size or more by a vortex generated by the pressure of the supplied water; And an outlet (3340) for passing water in a state in which the solute of less than the predetermined size is included. The hydrocyclone part (3300) may be further included.

The present invention includes the first to third disc filters (3500A, 3500B, 3500C), one of the first to three disc filters performs a filtration function, the other waits, and the other one is backwashed to hydro It may further include a disk filter (3500), characterized in that the water passing through the cyclone unit 3300 is continuously filtered.

The present invention is a pressure tank (T) receiving the concentrated water (①) that has not passed through the primary reverse osmosis module (4000); Water in the pressure tank (T) may be backwashed by flowing into the disk filter (3500).

The present invention was made to be able to supply usable water by desalination of seawater by additionally using sewage and rainwater. First, by miniaturizing the seawater desalination facilities, regardless of the installation location, even a small population in the island area can be used as drinking water, living water, agricultural water, and firefighting water to help the local economy. During the pre-treatment process to filter out organic matter in the process of desalination, a three-stage disc filter is operated alternately to prevent system shutdown due to replacement of the filter and the occurrence of a short time, thereby making it easy to operate without stopping and maintenance of the facility. Installation was possible. Third, using the living water that passed through the primary reverse osmosis device, the disk filter was cleaned during the pre-treatment process, and the pressure of the concentrated water discharged from the primary reverse osmosis device was converted into electrical energy to convert the heating module. By operating it, it is an eco-friendly seawater desalination system that helps to save energy and has an effect of efficiently supplying fresh water.

1 is an overall conceptual diagram of a seawater desalination plant according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram related to the power generation module in the seawater desalination plant according to the present invention
Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram related to the pre-treatment unit in the seawater desalination plant according to the present invention
Figure 4 is a conceptual diagram related to the disinfection filter in the seawater desalination plant according to the present invention
5 is a conceptual diagram related to hydrocyclones in the seawater desalination plant according to the present invention

Hereinafter, the seawater desalination facility according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is an overall conceptual diagram of a seawater desalination facility according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram related to a power generation module among the seawater desalination facilities according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram related to a pretreatment unit among the seawater desalination facilities according to the present invention. 4 in relation to the pre-treatment unit is a conceptual diagram related to a bactericidal filter in a seawater desalination facility according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 shows a conceptual diagram related to a hydrocyclone in a seawater desalination facility according to the present invention.

Referring to Figure 1, the present invention is a raw water storage tank (2000) for storing raw water, a first pump (P1) for transmitting the raw water stored in the raw water storage tank (2000), the pre-processing unit (3000) The second pump (P2) for passing the discharged treated water to the primary reverse osmosis module (4000) and the primary reverse osmosis module (400) passing through the primary reversed osmosis module (400) are sent and supplied. Secondary reverse osmosis module (5000) to receive. The water that has passed through the second reverse osmosis module 5000 can be used as drinking water.

Referring to Figure 1, the raw water storage tank 2000 may be mixed with sea water and low salt water. Here, raw water may be understood as terms including sea water and low salt water. Low-salt water may include any wastewater, sewage, and sewage that uses and discards fresh water, as well as water that has a lower salt than seawater flowing into the raw water storage tank, such as rainwater, rainwater, and brackish water, which is the area where seawater meets freshwater. Low salt water is mixed with sea water, so the salinity becomes low, so that the pressure loads of the primary and secondary reverse osmosis modules 4000 and 5000, which will be described later, can be adjusted.

Referring to FIG. 1, low-salt water is stored in a low-salt water storage tank 1000 provided separately. A filter 1100 may be provided to filter impurities in the low salt water before supplying the low salt water stored in the low salt water storage tank 1000 to the raw water storage tank 2000. The filter 1100 is suitable for a sand filter. The sand filter may be used only in sand (silica sand) in the container, and in addition, it may be manufactured by granulating silica powder, coke powder, and the like to a suitable size.

Referring to Figure 1, the raw water stored in the raw water storage tank is transferred to the pre-processing unit 3000 through the first pump (P1). The raw water flowing into the pre-treatment unit 3000 is ion-exchanged to prevent scale formation, prevent corrosion, and prevent filter clogging while passing through the pre-treatment unit 3000, or foreign substances are discharged. The pre-processing unit 3000 will be described later with reference to FIG. 3 or less.

Referring to FIG. 1, the treated water passing through the pre-treatment unit 3000 sequentially passes through the primary reverse osmosis module 4000 and the secondary reverse osmosis module 5000 by the high pressure pump second pump P2. . The water that has passed through the primary reverse osmosis module 4000 may be used as living water while passing through the household water filter unit 6000. The water that has passed through the second reverse osmosis module 5000 may be used as drinking water while passing through the drinking water filter unit 7000 or the like. A water quality meter M1 may be provided on the pipe line side of the water that has passed through the primary and secondary reverse osmosis modules 4000 and 5000. The water quality meter M1 may measure pH, TDS, temperature, and the like. TDS (Total Disolved Solids) is the total amount of soluble solids contained in water, and the unit of ppm may be used.

Referring to Figure 1, among the various indicators measured by the water quality meter (M1), in particular, the ship connected to penetrate the water and drinking water line through each of the primary and secondary reverse osmosis modules (4000, 5000) according to the amount of TDS The opening degree of the observation valve V1 is adjusted. That is, when the ppm of TDS1 is low, the valve V1 can be opened so that the treated water can flow from the water supply side pipe to the water supply side pipe. More preferably, the water that has passed through the primary reverse osmosis module 4000 and the water that has passed through the secondary reverse osmosis module 5000 are respectively measured and compared with each other through the water quality meter M1, and the compared value is predetermined. When it is lower than the value of, the valve V1 is opened to supply water that has passed through the primary reverse osmosis module 4000 to the pipe line of water that has passed through the secondary reverse osmosis module 5000.

Referring to Figure 1, the primary reverse osmosis module (4000) and the secondary reverse osmosis module (5000) to install the valves (V2, V3) on the pipe side of each water passing, for measuring the water quality of each of these Water quality meters (M2, M3) are provided. When the ppm values measured in M2 and M3 are greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the openings of the valves V2 and V3 are adjusted. When the value is higher than the specified value, the closing control is performed. Here, the predetermined value is preferably about 250 to 500 ppm for M2 and about 1 to 200 ppm for M3.

On the other hand, referring to Figure 1, the concentrated water of the secondary reverse osmosis module 5000 has a relatively low salinity. This is because the salinity is lowered as it passes through the primary reverse osmosis module 4000. The concentrated water of the secondary reverse osmosis module 5000 can be introduced into the raw water storage tank. As the concentrated water of the second reverse osmosis module 5000 is mixed with the raw water of the raw water storage tank, the salinity may be lowered.

Referring to FIG. 1, the treated water that has passed through the primary reverse osmosis module 4000 may be used as living water while passing through the household water filter unit 6000. Although not specifically shown, the living water filter unit 6000 may include an antibacterial filter and a composite filter. The sterilizing filter may be a UF (Ultra filter) filter. The UF filter has smaller pores than the micro filter and filters even smaller particles. The composite filter is preferably a filter that can additionally perform pH correction, water taste improvement and bactericidal role. To this end, the composite filter may be a composite of a precipitation filter, a carbon block filter, and a UF filter.

The composite filter removes 5 microns of fine impurities (precipitation filter), adsorbs and removes organic compounds and odors to make water close to nature, prevents bacterial propagation, and unpleasant odor, taste, and coloring in water It has the function of removing color, odorless and clean water (carbon block filter), filtering impurities, and passing only clean water containing mineral components (UF filter).

Referring to FIG. 1, the treated water that has passed through the second reverse osmosis module 5000 may be used as drinking water while passing through the drinking water filter unit 7000. Although not specifically shown, the drinking water filter unit 7000 may include a sanitizing filter and a composite filter. The sanitizing filter and the composite filter have the same or similar function to the above-mentioned living water filter unit 6000. More preferably, in the case of the sterilizing filter, a filter with improved sterilization performance may be utilized. It is for use as drinking water.

Osmotic pressure is proportional to the absolute temperature (T). Water temperature means that it is directly related to the desalination capacity. In the present invention, considering that the osmotic pressure is proportional to the absolute temperature, it is possible to control the temperature of the water flowing into the primary reverse osmosis module 4000. It is shown in FIG. 2.

Referring to FIG. 2, a configuration having an effect of reducing energy and increasing flux through utilization of concentrated water pressure will be described. Referring to Figure 2, the pressure of the concentrated water generated in the primary reverse osmosis module 4000 flows into the power generation module (G). Electric energy is produced by utilizing the output pressure of the concentrated water. The produced electrical energy can be used to operate the temperature control module (H). In particular, the temperature of the treated water passing through the pre-treatment unit 3000 may be increased or decreased by using a temperature control module (H) at a temperature of 20 to 30 degrees suitable for the primary reverse osmosis module in the winter when the water temperature is low. By introducing the temperature-adjusted treated water into the primary reverse osmosis module 4000, there is an effect that the second pump P2 can be replaced with a pump having a relatively low treatment capacity.

Additionally, in order to properly maintain the temperature of the treated water supplied to the primary reverse osmosis module, seawater flowing into the raw water storage tank may be mixed with surface water and deep sea water. In extreme cases, the difference in temperature between the surface water and the deep sea water can be as high as 20 degrees Celsius.

Referring to Figure 3, the pre-processing unit 3000 will be described in detail. The pre-processing unit 3000 may include at least one of the bacteria removal filter 3100, the substitution filter 3200, and the hydrocyclone unit 3300. The treated water that has passed through any one of them or a complex thereof sequentially passes through the disk filter 3500 and the large flow filter 3600. As they pass through them sequentially, they can be filtered to 5 microns of solids.

Referring to FIG. 3, the sterilizing filter 3100 may be a (c) iodine-related sterilizing filter. (C) In case of iodine-related antibacterial filter, iodine and iodine flame are mixed and dissolved in water at a high concentration, and then bound to anion exchange resin to prepare (C) iodine anion resin. At this time, the ionic iodine compounds (I3 -, I5 -, I7 -) can be prepared by mixing 1-4 moles of iodine and 1 mole of iodine flame and dissolving them in a minimum amount of water.

Referring to FIG. 4, the sterilizing filter 3100 is provided with an inlet 3110 through which raw water flows and an exit 3140 through which it exits. (C) A filter part 3130 including an iodine anion resin is provided therein. The raw water introduced through the inlet 3110 flows downward along the flow path 3120. The raw water flowing along the flow path 3120 flows downward while flowing inside the filter unit 3130 and is sterilized and then discharged to the outlet 3140 side.

Referring to FIG. 3, the water discharged from the sterilizing filter 3100 flows into the substitution filter 3200. The substitution filter may refer to the technical content related to the sodium polyphosphate dissolution filter of the prior art registration No. 10-1845674 described above.

Substitution filter 3200, that is, the sodium phosphate dissolution filter contacts the sodium polyphosphate ball filled therein and displaces and discharges calcium ions, iron ions, and the like contained in the raw water through sodium ions, thereby desalination of seawater by membrane oxidation It prevents scale generation of facilities, prevents corrosion of seawater desalination facilities, and prevents premature clogging of reverse osmosis membranes of seawater desalination facilities, so that the service life can be extended.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 5, the hydrocyclone unit 3300 receives the treated water that has undergone the ion substitution process in the substitution filter 3200 to generate vortex, so that solids of 100 microns or more are precipitated and discharged in the downward direction and less than 100 microns. Pass the water containing the solute. Referring to FIG. 5, the treated water that has passed through the substitution filter 3200 flows into the inlet 3300 of the hydrocyclone and rotates while forming a spiral vortex. Solids of 100 microns or more of the treated water are precipitated in the downward direction due to their weight and the like and descend to the collecting portion 3320. Then, it is discharged to the solids discharge unit 3330. Water containing solids of less than 100 microns flows toward the disk filter 3500 after flowing out toward the upper outlet 3340.

Referring to FIG. 3, the disc filter 3500 includes first to third disc filters 3500A, 3500B, and 3500C. For the main structure and the like related to the disc filter 3500, reference may be made to FIG. 13 of the prior art registration No. 10-1845674 and the detailed description thereof.

Referring to FIG. 3, the water that has passed through the hydrocyclone unit 3300 is filtered by any one of the first disc filter, the second disc filter, and the third disc filter, and then flows to the large flow filter 3600 side. One of the first to three disc filters operates to perform a filtration function, and the other serves as a standby. The last one performs a backwash operation. That is, it is a non-stop pre-processing system in which three disk filters alternately perform standby, operation, and back washing repeatedly. As it passes through the disc filter 3500, foreign substances of 25 microns or more can be filtered.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, the concentrated water (①) of the primary reverse osmosis module 4000 is supplied to the power generation module G side as shown in FIG. 2 to be used for electric energy production, or shown in FIG. 3. As is stored in the pressure tank (T), it is used for backwashing of the disc filter (3500). Here, the pressure tank (T) is optional.

Referring to FIG. 3, the operation of the disc filter 3500 will be described.

The first disc filter (3500A) is activated, the second disc filter (3500B) is backwashed, the third disc filter (3500C) is in standby mode, the D1V1 valve is opened, the D2V1 valve and the D3V1 valve are closed to close the first disc filter (3500A) Allow water to enter the side. The introduced water may flow to the large flow filter 3600 through the D1V2 valve closing and the D1V3 valve AB direction opening. On the other hand, by opening the D1V3 and D3V3 valves in the AB direction, the concentrated water (①) cannot flow into the first and third disc filters 3500A and 3500C. The second disc filter 3500B can be backwashed by opening the D2V3 valve in the AC line direction and opening the D2V2 valve.

That is, only the valve on the inlet side of the disc filter to be operated is opened, and the valve on the other inlet side is closed. On the other hand, the three-way valve disposed at the rear end of the disk filter to be backwashed is opened in the AC direction and the remaining disk filter is maintained in the AB direction. Through this, operation, backwashing, and standby mode are performed, so that non-stop pre-treatment is possible.

Referring to FIG. 3, the large flow filter 3600 uses FRP material having excellent durability and corrosion resistance, and is designed in a large flow rate pleated manner, and can filter up to 5 microns, and is designed to meet various piping specifications after physical filtration. Filter replacement. Reference can be made to the prior art related to the large flow filter of the prior art registration No. 10-1845674.

Raw water passes through the sequentially arranged disk filter 3500 and the large flow filter 3600 to be precisely filtered to prevent scale generation in the reverse osmosis membrane and prevent corrosion of the seawater desalination facility.

Referring to FIG. 1 as described above, raw water processed while passing through the pre-processing unit 3000 passes through the primary reverse osmosis module 4000, and water for daily use is generated, and sequentially disposed secondary reverse osmosis modules 5000 As you pass, you become drinking water.

The primary reverse osmosis module (4000) is a reverse osmosis membrane module for seawater treatment, which allows 99.7% of salt to be separated and filtered by high-pressure operation of 55 to 65 Kg, so that it can be used as living water, and a living water storage tank or a living water pressure tank ( (Not shown).

As described above, the concentrated water (①) that has not passed through the primary reverse osmosis module (4000) is pressurized while passing through the pressure tank (T), for the purpose of backwashing the disk filter (3500) shown in FIG. use.

The second reverse osmosis module (5000) is a reverse osmosis membrane module for groundwater, and it removes 99.5% of salt by removing the residual salt in the living water from which the primary salt was removed from the primary reverse osmosis module by using a low pressure operation of 15Kg to use it as drinking water. And can be stored in a drinking water storage tank or a drinking water pressure tank (not shown).

On the other hand, the seawater desalination facility of the present invention is easy to install at home by miniaturizing it to a normal cabinet size in a volume that can be carried on a 1 ton truck. It is suitable for installation in island areas where a small number of households live, and it is easy to manage without being greatly limited by the installation space. It has the advantage of reducing the cost of water supply and ensuring the water quality as drinking water and drinking water for various purposes.

In addition, the seawater desalination facility of the present invention can efficiently desalination of seawater or sewage, rainwater, saltwater, and prevent corrosion and scale precipitation occurring in the desalination facility using sodium polyphosphate during the process of desalination of seawater. The hydrocyclone part and the self-cleaning cleaning part were used to filter solids, and a three-stage disc filter, a large flow filter provided in plural, and a high-pressure pump made it possible to pre-filter the equipment without downtime. The water quality of drinking water was secured while preventing the reverse osmosis membrane from clogging, and it was possible to continuously supply fresh water with a water purification effect that can be used as drinking water without installing a separate water purification device.

The concentrated water discharged without passing through the primary reverse osmosis module 4000 is converted into electrical energy and used for a temperature control module or for backwashing of the disc filter 3500. The temperature of the raw water that passed through the temperature control module was controlled to improve the transmittance in the reverse osmosis membrane, thereby improving the flow of the entire facility. Alternatively, the concentrated water that has not passed through the primary reverse osmosis module 4000 can be reused for backwashing of the disc filter, so that the produced fresh water can be efficiently used without discarding it.

1000: Low salt water storage tank 2000: Raw water storage tank
3000: pre-processing unit 4000: primary reverse osmosis module
5000: 2nd reverse osmosis module 6000: Water filter unit for daily use
7000: drinking water filter

Claims (5)

A pre-treatment unit (3000) for filtering the collected seawater;
A second pump (P2) for pumping the pretreated water;
A primary reverse osmosis module (4000) for desalination by receiving the treated water pumped through the second pump (P2);
A power generation module (G) for converting the fluid energy of the concentrated water generated and discharged from the primary reverse osmosis module (4000) into electrical energy;
It is provided at the front end of the second pump (P2) and adjusts the temperature of the treated water passing through the pre-treatment unit 3000 to a temperature suitable for supplying to the primary reverse osmosis module 4000, and the power generation module G Temperature control module (H) that is operated by receiving the electrical energy generated in the; And
A secondary reverse osmosis module 5000 for secondary desalination by receiving primary desalination water through the primary reverse osmosis module 4000; Seawater desalination facility comprising a.
According to claim 1,
The pre-treatment unit 3000 further includes a sterilizing filter 3100 for sterilizing raw water flowing from the raw water storage tank 2000 for storing the collected seawater,
The sanitizing filter 3100 is a seawater desalination facility characterized in that it contains iodine anion resin after mixing iodine and iodine flame, dissolving it in water at a high concentration and binding it to an anion exchange resin.
According to claim 2,
The pre-processing unit 3000 is disposed at the rear end of the sterilizing filter 3100, and the inlet 3310 receives sterilized water; A solid water discharge unit 3330 having an inverted triangular shape in cross-section in order to precipitate and discharge solid substances having a predetermined size or more by a vortex generated by the pressure of the supplied water; And a hydrocyclone part (3300) including an outlet (3340) for passing water in a state containing less than the predetermined size of the solute.
The method of claim 3,
It includes the first to third disc filters (3500A, 3500B, 3500C), and one of the first to third disc filters performs a filtration function, the other waits, and the other is backwashed to form a hydrocyclone unit ( 3300) the disk filter (3500), characterized in that the water continuously passing through; seawater desalination equipment further comprising.
The method of claim 4,
A pressure tank (T) receiving the concentrated water (①) that has not passed through the primary reverse osmosis module (4000);
Sea water desalination facility, characterized in that to allow the water in the pressure tank (T) to flow back into the disk filter (3500).

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