KR20180057435A - Manufacturing method for fertilizer and fertilizer using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fertilizer production method and a fertilizer produced by using the same. More specifically, provided is a fertilizer production method which comprises the following steps: preparing fowl dropping, pig dropping, ox manure, and sawdust; stirring fowl dropping, pig dropping, and sawdust and then drying the same in a closed dryer; stirring the dried fowl dropping, pig dropping, and sawdust along with ox manure and sawdust in an opened dryer. By including a pretreatment step to individually dry fowl dropping and ox manure, it s possible to reduce odor produced in the fertilizer production process and odor of the produced fertilizer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a fertilizer production method, and a fertilizer produced using the same. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001]

The present invention relates to a method for producing a fertilizer having a reduced odor generated during a manufacturing process and a fertilizer produced using the same.

Livestock is a traditional organic resource that has long been used as compost material. It contains various organic compounds and fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium, and is used as fertilizer in crops and fruit trees.

However, in general farmhouses, livestock is deposited and covered with vinyl, etc., and used for several months to one year for corroded livestock. Most of the conventional composting methods of general farmers using the livestock as a fertilizer are anaerobic fermentation, To fermentation and reductive fermentation, thereby creating an environment in which anaerobic bacteria alternate and reproduce, thereby causing various odors, worms, and pathogenic harmful bacteria to multiply. Farmers using animal feed composted with anaerobic fermentation are causing crops' income decline due to reduced crop production and quality degradation.

Also, during the months of fertilizing livestock manure, there are inconveniences due to smell, occurrence of insects such as flies and mosquitoes, and environmental pollution problems caused by wastes such as livestock manure occurring in the composting process of livestock.

The plant-type large-scale plant composting manufacturing process includes a method of injecting air or heat while mechanically stirring. However, since animal fats are burned due to an artificial heat supply or microorganisms are not actively active in the livestock, various microorganisms are not produced, do. In addition, the manufacturing process of the plant-type large-scale plant compost causes overhead of machinery, loss of power, noise, odor, and the like.

Accordingly, a need has arisen for a method capable of solving the above-mentioned difficulties of the manufacturing process and providing a fertilizer rich in inorganic and organic matters.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a fertilizer in which odor generated during the manufacturing process is reduced.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a fertilizer rich in minerals and organic matter produced using the above production method.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a pulverized soybean cake, comprising the steps of: (a) preparing a flour, swine, bovine and sawdust; (b) stirring the flour, swine and sawdust in a closed dryer; And drying the dried flora, swine and sawdust, followed by drying.

Wherein the step (a), the flour, the fowl, and the sawdust are prepared in an amount of 5 to 15% by weight, 20 to 30% by weight of the flour, 20 to 30% 25 to 35 wt% of the sawdust, and 35 to 45 wt% of the sawdust.

The weight of the sawdust (b) introduced into the closed dryer and the weight of the sawdust (c) injected into the open dryer may be 5: 5 to 7: 3.

The closed type dryer includes a closed top type silo as a main body. The silo includes an inlet, an outlet, and an exhaust blower. The rotary shaft includes a plurality of stirring blades for stirring the input flue, .

The step (b) may further comprise a step of fast-closing the fermentation at 50 to 100 ° C for 15 to 20 days after the drying step.

The open type dryer may include an open type fermenter and a transfer bogie installed on the upper side of the fermentation tank, and the transfer bogie may be provided with an escalator.

The step (c) may further include a step of ventilating fermentation at 60 to 100 ° C for 20 to 30 days after the drying step.

The method for producing the fertilizer may further include a step of spraying a microorganism.

The microorganism may be any one selected from the group consisting of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, and mixtures thereof.

The fertilizer manufacturing method may further include a post-growing step.

The postnatal step may be to ferment at 15 to 25 DEG C for 90 to 120 days.

The present invention also provides a fertilizer produced by the method according to the above method for producing fertilizer.

The fertilizer may have a weight moisture content of 30 to 45% by weight.

The method of manufacturing fertilizer according to the present invention can reduce the odor generated during the manufacturing process.

The fertilizer according to the present invention is rich in minerals and organic matters and has a low odor.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a closed dryer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view of an open type dryer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing fertilizer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a pulverized soybean cake, comprising the steps of: (a) preparing a flour, swine, bovine and sawdust; (b) stirring the flour, swine and sawdust in a closed dryer; And drying the dried flora, swine and sawdust, followed by drying.

Wherein the step (a), the flour, the fowl, and the sawdust are prepared in an amount of 5 to 15% by weight, 20 to 30% by weight of the flour, 20 to 30% 25 to 35 wt% of the sawdust, and 35 to 45 wt% of the sawdust.

(B) the weight of the sawdust charged into the closed dryer and (c) the weight ratio of the sawdust injected into the open dryer may be between 5: 5 and 7: 3, most preferably between 6: 4.

The blending ratio has a great influence on crops. When the above-mentioned weeds are contained in an amount exceeding 15% by weight, the root plants may be affected to a large extent, but the storage stability may be deteriorated. In addition, since the above-mentioned weeds contain a large amount of nitrogen component, nitrogen exceeding phenomenon (anthracnose disease and flower shattering phenomenon) may occur if the reference value is exceeded.

When the swine is contained in an amount of more than 30% by weight, the water content is increased and it is inevitable to administer an additive such as a water control agent. The pig is high in organic matter content but high in organic matter to nitrogen ratio and can not be a good compost.

If the raisin is contained in an amount exceeding 35% by weight, the fruit may become hard and the merchantability may be deteriorated.

When the above flour, swine and fowl are mixed within the above-mentioned range, there is an advantage of being a fertilizer suitable for soil improvement and crop growth.

Fertilizers using animal feed such as grasses, poultry, and cattle can be used to improve the physical properties of the soil to make it smoother, to supply the major nutrients and trace elements of crops, and to increase effective microorganisms in the soil. It is difficult to process and use due to odor. Especially, the odor of the flour and pork is stronger than that of the udon.

However, the method for producing fertilizer according to the present invention can solve the above-described problem by performing a pre-treatment step of separately drying the flour and swine before mixing with the flour.

The pretreatment step for separately drying the weeds and the flock is performed in an enclosed space.

The closed type dryer will be described with reference to Fig.

The closed type dryer includes a closed tower type silo 1100 (a container for storing a dispersed body in a dispersed state, a typical upright cylindrical storage tank), and the silo 1100 is provided with a charging port 1101 and an outlet port 1102 And a rotating shaft 1200 including a plurality of stirring vanes 1201 for stirring the input grains, swine, and sawdust may be provided in the silo 1100.

In the step (b), the step of stirring and drying the flour, swine and sawdust may be carried out until the moisture content of the flour, swine and sawdust is less than 65% by weight.

The cause of the odor is caused by microbial destruction, but it is also caused by evaporation of water. The present invention can control the odor by controlling the moisture through the drying step.

After the moisture is adjusted through the drying step, it may be a closed type high-speed fermentation at 50 ° C or higher for 15 to 20 days. In the closed high-speed fermentation step, weeds seeds, pathogenic bacteria, etc. contained in the starch fractions can be killed by using a high temperature of 50 ° C or higher. The temperature is preferably 50 to 100 ° C.

If the fermentation condition is more than 100 ° C or more than 20 days, the above flour and flour will be burned or burned and the acid can be corroded by the bonding with the hydrogen ion generated at this time and the soil can not be improved, If it is less than 1 day, weed seeds or pathogens will not be killed and the quality of fertilizer may be deteriorated.

When the step and the fermentation step of the step and the cow are carried out in a closed type dryer, it is easy to collect odor and it is easy to reduce and dispose of harmful substances such as exhaust gas.

The odor and harmful substances may be collected by sound pressure.

The drying of the cow is characterized in that it is carried out in an open type dryer. In the open type dryer, powdered oak, sawdust, and flour pretreated by the above-described method are added and stirred to dry.

The open type dryer will be described with reference to Fig.

The open type dryer includes an open type fermentation tank 2100 and a feed tray 2200 installed on the upper side of the fermentation tank 2100. The conveyance truck 2200 is provided with an escalator 2300. The escalator 2300 is in the form of a conveyor belt having a bucket for pumping up compost and a scraper for scraping off the compost attached to the plate of the frame in the lateral direction. Two or more open-type dryers may be installed in parallel.

The escalator 2300, flour, fowl and sawdust can be stirred under oxidizing conditions. The open type dryer can perform not only natural exhaust by the opened main body but also forced exhaust using the exhaust air blowing hole. Stirring under oxidizing conditions enables proper oxygen supply and oxygen maintenance proportional to the activity and proliferation of aerobic microorganisms.

Also, the above-described escalator 2300 is used to continuously feed the cow powder, the flour and the sawdust, which are then stirred and stirred.

It is possible to prevent anaerobic fermentation which causes generation of odor, insect, pathogen, etc. by supplying rich oxygen through natural exhaust, forced exhaust, and escalator type agitation.

The drying is also carried out until the weight moisture content is less than 65% by weight.

And then performing the ventilated fermentation at 60 ° C or more for 20 to 30 days after the drying step.

In the ventilated fermentation step, weeds seeds, pathogens and the like contained in the starch can be killed by using a high temperature of 60 ° C or higher. The temperature is preferably 60 to 100 ° C.

When the fermentation condition is more than 100 ° C or more than 30 days, the above flour, swine, and feces may flourish or burn, and acid corrosion may occur due to the bonding with the hydrogen ions, Or less than 20 days, the quality of the fertilizer may be deteriorated because the weed seed or the pathogen is not killed.

The method for producing the fertilizer may further include a step of spraying a microorganism.

The microorganism spraying method includes the steps of (b) stirring the flocks, poultry and sawdust in a closed dryer, and (c) stirring the flour, sawdust, and the dried flour, swine and sawdust in the open- Or by spraying the microorganisms with a sawdust mixed with microorganisms at either or both of the stages.

Or microorganism spraying is carried out by (b) stirring the flocks, swine and sawdust in a closed type dryer, followed by drying in a closed type high-speed fermentation step, (c) drying in the open dryer, Spraying with air spray in one or more stages selected from the step of stirring, drying the flocks, swine and sawdust, and the ventilated fermentation stage after drying.

The microorganism spraying may be performed by spraying 500 to 600 liters once, and the microorganism spraying may be performed by spraying once to three times, preferably twice, every 30 days.

The microorganism may be any one selected from the group consisting of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, and mixtures thereof.

The photosynthetic bacteria are Rhodopseudonas sp ; P. palustris Etc.), Rhodobacter sp ; R. sphaeroides , R. capsulatus, etc.), Acariochloris sp ; A. marina, etc.), Blastochloris sp ; B.viridis, B. sulfoviridis And the like), and mixtures thereof.

The lactic acid bacteria are Lactobacillus genus (Lactobacillus sp; plantayum L., L. casei, L. acidophilus, L. delbrueckii, L. fructivorans, L. hilgardii, L. paracasei, L. rhamnosus, and so on), bipyridinium gambling teryum in (Bifidobacterium sp ; B. bifidum , B. adolescentis, etc.), Lactococcus sp ; L. lactisL . cremoris Etc.), the genus Pediococcus sp ; P. damnosus, etc.), Leuconostoc sp. ( L. mesenteroides, etc.), and mixtures thereof.

The Bacillus subtilis may be Bacillus firmus or Bacillus subtilis .

The fertilizer manufacturing method may further include a post-growing step. When the stirring operation is completed, the fertilizer is transferred directly to the posterior stomach and enters the postnatal growth. The barrel is provided with a ventilation system to supply wind.

The postnatal step may be to ferment at 15 to 25 DEG C for 90 to 120 days.

In the post-growing stage, the weight, moisture content of the flour, swine, fowl and sawdust may be 45 wt% or less.

The present invention also provides a fertilizer produced according to the aforementioned method for producing fertilizer.

According to the Fertilizer Process Specification and Specification Act of the Rural Development Administration (Table 1), the compost of animal manure can be supplied as a fertilizer when the moisture content is 55% or less, but the fertilizer according to the present invention has a weight moisture content of 45% May be contained in an amount of 30 to 45% by weight.

Types of fertilizer Specification Content
(%) Maximum amount of harmful components that can be contained Other specifications 01.
Manure compost
<Newly established 2002.
12.31.,
2010.3.29.> Organic matter: 30 or more
<2010. 3. 29., 2012. 1. 2., 2013. 2. 14.> 1. In the building
<2009. October 1, 2010. 3. 29.>
Arsenic 45 mg / kg
Cadmium 5 mg / kg
Water 2 mg / kg
Lead 130 mg / kg
Chromium 200 mg / kg
Copper 360 mg / kg
Nickel 45 mg / kg
Zinc 900 mg / kg
2. The following pathogenic microorganisms are not detected
Escherichia coli O157: H7 ( Escherichia coli O157: H7 ),
Salmonella spp.
<Newly Established November 1, 2011> 1. The ratio of organic matter to nitrogen is 45 or less. <Amended 2013. 2. 14.>
2. In the building
Salinity (NaCl): Not more than 2.0% <2009. October 1, 2010.3.29., 2014.7.1.>
3. Water (H2O): Not more than 55% <2010. 3. 29.>
4. Confinement degree: It should be above the criterion of any one of the following items.
A. Combo: Completed
B. Solvita: Incomplete or insufficient
C. Seed Germination Method:
Germination index of 70 or more <newly established: March 29, 2010, December 23, 2010,
5. Insoluble salt of hydrochloric acid 25% or less <newly established 2013. 2. 14.>

The produced fertilizer may be commercialized after quality inspection and foreign matter sorting process. The fertilizer can be used for the cultivation of red pepper, lettuce, cucumber, beans and cabbage.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[ Manufacturing example : Manufacture of fertilizers]

&Lt; Example 1 >

1.0 ton of paddy, 2.3 ton of poultry, 2.7 ton of duck and 4.0 ton of sawdust.

A compressor KS manufactured by Sangil Tech Co., Ltd. was used as the closed type dryer.

The above-prepared weights of 1.0 ton, poultry 2.3 ton and sawdust 2.4 ton (60% of prepared sawdust) were added to the silo of the sealed dryer and stirred.

The water content of the flour, swine and sawdust was measured with a moisture analyzer (AND-NL50) while stirring. When the weight moisture content of the flour, swine and sawdust was 65 wt%, the closed high speed fermentation was carried out for 16 days at an internal temperature of the dryer of 70 ° C.

As an open type dryer, Samchun E & M escalator compost agitator was used.

2.7 tons of the above crumbs, 1.6 tons of sawdust and the dried crumbs, crumbs and sawdust were put in the inlet, stirred and blown. The water content of the flour, swine, fowl and sawdust was measured with a moisture analyzer (AND-NL50) while stirring. When the weight moisture content of the flour, swine, fowl and sawdust was 65 wt%, ventilated fermentation was carried out for 20 days at an internal temperature of 60 ° C.

The silos were sprayed with photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus subtilis.

The dried and fermented flour, swine, fowl, and sawdust were transferred to the egg-laying field and allowed to stand for 90 days.

The steps of Example 1 are shown in Fig.

&Lt; Comparative Example 1 &

1.0 ton of paddy, 2.3 ton of poultry, 2.7 ton of cow and 4.0 ton of sawdust were put into a closed type dryer and then dried by stirring.

A compressor KS manufactured by Sangil Tech Co., Ltd. was used as the closed type dryer.

[ Test Example  1: Odor measurement]

The odor of the fertilizer and the preparation stage prepared in the above Examples and Comparative Examples was measured by the sensory test method using the olfactory angle.

(Odorless, 1 degree: detection odor, 2 degree: normal odor, 3 degree: strong odor, 4 degree: extreme odor, 5 degree: odorous odor) ).

Example 1
Manufacturing stage Example 1
Fertilizer Comparative Example 1
Manufacturing stage Comparative Example 1
Fertilizer Sensory test method One One 4 2

[ Test Example  2: GR Certification  evaluation]

In the GR product information system of the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy, the organic waste products sector (quality certification standard number: GR M 9001) was assessed as meeting the criteria of by-product fertilizer (compost).

Table 3 shows the analytical test results obtained by analyzing the fertilizer prepared according to the above Example 1 according to the request for analysis and assay of the agricultural technology application foundation and the treatment procedure. Table 4 shows the test results of the fertilizer prepared according to Comparative Example 1 .

Ingredients GR Certification Criteria Analysis result (unit) Nitrogen total amount
Total phosphoric acid
Whole carly
Organic matter
Ratio of organic substance to nitrogen
Arsenic (based on building)
Cadmium (in building criterion)
Mercury (Building Criteria)
Lead (standard in building)
Chrome (based on building)
Copper (Building Standard)
Nickel (based on building)
Zinc (based on building)
moisture
Compost (comb-back)
E. coli 0157: H7
Salmonella spp . (Qualitative)


More than 40%
35 or less
25 mg / kg or less
Less than 2.5 mg / kg
Not more than 1 mg / kg
Less than 75 mg / kg
150 mg / kg or less
200 mg / kg or less
25 mg / kg or less
500 mg / kg or less
Less than 40%
2.44%
1.43%
1.22%
52.82%
21.65
Non-detection
Non-detection
Non-detection
0.63 mg / kg
15.73 mg / kg
41.11 mg / kg
8.21 mg / kg
265.22 mg / kg
35.10%
Compartmentalized
Non-detection
Non-detection

Ingredients GR Certification Criteria Analysis result (unit) Nitrogen total amount
Total phosphoric acid
Whole carly
Organic matter
Ratio of organic substance to nitrogen
Arsenic (based on building)
Cadmium (in building criterion)
Mercury (Building Criteria)
Lead (standard in building)
Chrome (based on building)
Copper (Building Standard)
Nickel (based on building)
Zinc (based on building)
moisture
Compost (comb-back)
E. coli 0157: H7
Salmonella spp . (Qualitative)


More than 40%
35 or less
25 mg / kg or less
Less than 2.5 mg / kg
Not more than 1 mg / kg
Less than 75 mg / kg
150 mg / kg or less
200 mg / kg or less
25 mg / kg or less
500 mg / kg or less
Less than 40%
1.87%
1.70%
1.83%
38.36%
20.51
Non-detection
Non-detection
Non-detection
Non-detection
5.34 mg / kg
131.57 mg / kg
5.10 mg / kg
499.53 mg / kg
47.52%
Compartmentalized
Non-detection
Non-detection

It was confirmed that the above Table 3 satisfied all of the GR certification standards.

As shown in Tables 3 and 4, the water content of the fertilizer according to Example 1 was about 35%, and it was confirmed that the fertilizer according to the GR standard could be supplied, and the organic matter content was also excellent.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, Of the right.

1100: Silos
1101: Inlet port 1102: Outlet port
1200: rotating shaft 1201: wing
2100: Fermenter
2200: Feed truck
2300: Escalator

Claims (13)

(a) Stage, flour, cow and sawdust preparation,
(b) stirring and drying the flock, swine and sawdust in a closed dryer,
(c) agitating and drying the crumbs, the sawdust and the agglomerate, the swine and the sawdust which are agitated in the step (b) in an open type drier
&Lt; / RTI &gt; The method according to claim 1,
The step (a), the flour, the fowl and the sawdust preparation step
With respect to the total weight of the above flour, swine, fowl and sawdust before drying,
The weights are from 5 to 15% by weight,
The fodder is 20 to 30% by weight,
The raffinate contains 25 to 35% by weight, and
The sawdust is prepared from 35 to 45 wt%
Fertilizer manufacturing method. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the weight of the sawdust (b) charged into the closed type dryer and the weight of the sawdust (c) injected into the open type dryer are 5: 5 to 7: 3. The method according to claim 1,
The closed-
A closed tower silo is used as the main body,
The silo includes an inlet, an outlet, and an exhaust blower,
And a rotary shaft including a plurality of stirring blades for stirring the input flue, swine, and sawdust in the silo,
Fertilizer manufacturing method. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the step (b) further comprises an enclosed high-speed fermentation at 50 to 100 DEG C for 15 to 20 days after the drying step. The method according to claim 1,
The open-
The open type dryer comprises an open type fermenter
And a feeding carriage installed on the upper portion of the fermenter,
And the escalator is provided in the conveyance truck
Fertilizer manufacturing method. The method according to claim 1,
And (c) after the drying step, cultivating at 60 to 100 DEG C for 20 to 30 days in a ventilated fermentation step. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the method of manufacturing a fertilizer further comprises a step of spraying a microorganism. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the microorganism is any one selected from the group consisting of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, and mixtures thereof. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein said fertilizer manufacturing method further comprises a post-growing step. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the seedling stage is fermented at 15 to 25 DEG C for 90 to 120 days. A fertilizer produced by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 11. 13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein the fertilizer has a weight moisture content of 30 to 45% by weight.

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