KR20180025628A - mandarin fish farming method and the system thereof in early stage - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a mandarin fish farming method including a water temperature maintenance step for maintaining an optimal temperature 25-28 °C by using a temperature control device. As fry hatching dates of carp or leather carp are matched to increase a survival rate of fry of mandarin fish, an early survival rate can be significantly increased, and an optimal temperature for farming mandarin fish is precisely checked to considerably increase production per unit cost. Moreover, as a farming apparatus and stages are newly designed to optimally manage the water quality of a farm by stage, the present invention is capable of preventing the pollution of rivers, caused by effluent from the farm, as well as providing an infrastructure for farming mandarin fish, which are generally known to inhabit first class water, even in second class water (first-b class), thereby providing customized farming technology for maximizing the efficiency of mandarin fish farming. In addition, a farming method is integrally redesigned as consecutive stages unlike the past days to achieve sustainable and complete mandarin fish farming technology, and thus, full-scale technology for the mass production of mandarin fish can be provided.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for initial preparation of mandarin fish,

The present invention exploits the minimum water quality of the water used in the water tank and the water temperature that maximizes the productivity in order to effectively produce the fish ears in the whole form process from the hatching time to the stabilization step, Technology and aquaculture facilities for identifying optimal production conditions in terms of cost-effectiveness and thereby optimizing for spawning, hatching and early stage culture conditions. The present invention relates to a new salmon cultivation method and apparatus capable of securing dramatic development of the salmon-related industry by enabling the salmon farming style to be supplied in an extremely limited manner, Technology.

Seaweeds are a type of seagrass that is characterized by a deep water depth, a slow flow rate, a clear water quality, and a rocky environment. Seagrass spawning time in natural ecology is known to be about May to July. According to the records of the National Fisheries Research and Development Agency, Siniperca scherzeri is classified as Genus Siniperca (Order Percifonmes), one of the species in Korea, and five species of Sinparca scherzeri in China ) Are known to live in large-scale dams such as the Han River, the Taedong River Basin, and Sooyang Lake, mainly in the middle of the rivers and mid-rivers. Recently, the exotic species Bass, which is considered to be the main cause of environmental problems, is disturbing the water-ecosystem, but unusually, it can not find any bass anywhere. Thus, the present invention is expected to be utilized as a technical solution for reliably restoring the inland water ecosystem when it is practiced in domestic rivers.

However, the natural habitat of the present invention was largely reduced due to unreasonable fish overfishing, river development, and pollution, and thus the natural ecological characteristics of the fish crabs were changed to such extent that they also survived large artificial lakes such as Lake Soyang and Chuncheon Dam .

Although the fish is very difficult to cultivate and its rarity is so high that it can not keep up with the demand in the market, it is the most favored fish in the domestic fishery industry, and it is very economically valuable as well as being the most popular species for fishermen. River pollution and destruction of ecosystem have been caused by the rapid decrease of wild fish.

Since 20 years ago, the production of artificial seeds has been attempted mainly in domestic research institutes or aquaculture fish farmers. Especially, fishes are carnivorous fishes different from other freshwater fishes. Because of the hunting ecological characteristics that eat live fish just after hatching, It was known that artificial breeding was very difficult because it was not possible to raise it and it was very difficult because it was very difficult and it did not eat until it died when it was converted to compound feed.

However, Cheongpyeong Research Institute for Inland Water Research has studied salting and spawning periods for the first time in Korea in the mid 1970s. In the mid 1980s, basic studies on artificial harvesting, hatching, rearing, However, due to the economic problems, the development of industrial technology such as the mass production of seedlings was awaited and the research was completed.

Since then, the development of mass production technique of reed fish has been resumed in Korea since 1996. Especially, improvement of the control method of the fish, improvement of quality embryo by artificial hormone injection, and improvement of embryo hatching rate have been developed. As a result, it is possible to increase the survival rate to a certain level.

Given the speed of this technological advancement, gourmets who know freshwater and high-chance tastes are expected to supply reliable and reliable seagrass spears, but unlike the above-mentioned ones, It seems that further research is needed before development. Particularly, in order to stabilize fish species, problems such as measures against destruction of fish habitat, prevention of environmental pollution and overfishing of fish species should be selected. In other words, although there have been many basic techniques and researches on fish culture, there is a need for deeper in-depth studies, especially water quality and water temperature growth, appropriate feed development, .

As economic societies developed and public perception of environmental pollution changed drastically, domestic fish farming facilities, which are fish farming devices, became the main cause of water pollution. As a result, the fish culture technology is undergoing a new change, and the problem of remaining antibiotics on the aquaculture fish, the imported live fish that have been released, and the outbreak of viral diseases in the seedlings have been complicated by the difficulties of farmers in Korea. As the Uruguay Round (IR) negotiations opened up aquatic products, the domestic fish farming industry continued to face a difficult situation. Malachite detection, also known as carcinogens in Western rainbow trout in 2005, caused a sharp decline in the consumption of aquaculture fish among domestic consumers. In 2008, melamine accidents caused consumers to become less appetite for consumption, Has suffered great difficulty.

This change in domestic and foreign business environment has led to a new reorganization of our domestic fish farming industry. In particular, domestic fish farming industry has started to search for new fish species and has been awarded trout and eel, providing new fish farming technology and diversification of fish species.

The fish began to study at the Cheongpyeong Inland R & D Center in 1996, and at that time, it was already trying to fish in some private farms. On the other hand, in the river ecosystem, illegally fishery, small rivers such as small rivers and lakes and rivers, and small rivers of about 15cm from the dams were caught in the river. This is because fishermen themselves are not aware of the seriousness of the extinction of rare species, and illegal fishing has been ongoing for a while. Since these native fishes disappear from the water, there has been a growing demand for fish rehabilitation techniques.

However, the cultivation of fishes was very difficult due to the severe ecological characteristics of fishes, that is, at the top of the food chain in the river, but only eating live fish, and the present invention is to solve the technology produced from aquarium fish It was possible.

It has been attempted in the 1980s to mass-feed through mass transplantation, but the survival rate was too low for commercial use, and the growth rate was significantly lower than that of live-feeding fishes. The live- To improve the feeding, feed development was needed for the feeding of fish. In 2015, some researchers and aquaculturists who have recently developed a new type of fish have been informed that they have succeeded in aquaculture using feeds. In particular, the research institute in Chungbuk province received support for feed development and fishery aquaculture from the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries The research institute and the aquaculture facility were being installed. The aquaculture farmers are already known to have been converted to fish farming, and Sancheong-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, is in the process of establishing a full-scale fish farming facility with funding from the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries in 2013, As a result, the developer has been selected by the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries as a new type of fish. However, this is only the beginning, and it is necessary to develop detailed technology at each stage of culture.

In relation to the method and apparatus for cultivating fish according to the present invention, prior art is disclosed in Publication No. 10-2015-0119562 (a method for cultivating seedlings), 10-2013-0066878 (a technique for cultivating fishes and fishes) 2001-0009794 (Artificial Shoal cultivation method and its apparatus), 10-2006-0015089 (Cultivation method through the netting of the netting), 10-2002-0049680 (Netting method of the netting), etc. These prior art documents However, the water quality and temperature related technologies used in fish crab culture have not been precisely verified and set up. Especially, detailed feeding method and natural state At the time of discharge, measures for the prevention of pest insect diseases such as liver disease or virus, measures to increase the survival rate at the early stage of hatching, identification of optimal growth conditions from the point about 5 months after hatching, The surface, such as sulfonic circulation filtration technology for water pollution prevention according to do not suggest an optimized conditions and techniques are finding technology maturity will be somewhat inadequate.

KR 10-2015-0119562A (method of cultivation through a barrow), KR 10-2013-0066878A (fish hatchery technique and fish culture method), KR 10-2001-0009794A (Artificial Soil Cultivation Method and its Apparatus) KR 10-2006-0015089A (Method of cultivation through the order of fish), KR 10-2002-0049680A (How to assimilate fish)

The present invention explores the important conditions of each step from the hatching of fishes to the stage of feeding for the aquaculture, and maximizes the growth rate of the fish hatchery by finely developing the temperature and feeding conditions according to the aquaculture stage, The aim of this study is to provide precise technical conditions on the form of the species of fish to be introduced in the early stage of the culture. It is another object of the present invention to provide a circulating aquatic apparatus free from water pollution, which is capable of forming a fish ball which is highly sensitive to environmental changes by having a multi-stage water treatment apparatus required in the aquaculture stage.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for cultivating a fish crab for providing the means for solving the above-mentioned problems, comprising the steps of: culturing the fish crab using the circulating aquaculture apparatus including the aquarium, the settling tank, the filtration tank, In the method, the method comprises: a sedimentation step of sedimenting the aquaculture water in the aquaculture tank to remove sediments after collection; A filtration step of filtrating the culture water having passed through the precipitation step while supplying oxygen again to produce clear culture water; A sterilizing step of removing pathogenic bacteria in freshwater fish from the water after the filtration step; Maintaining the sterilized aquaculture water at a temperature of 25 ° C to 28 ° C using a temperature controller; , Which is characterized in that it is cultivated at 25 ° C to 28 ° C for 5 hours after hatching.

In the filtration tank, the filtration tank is composed of a drum filter filtration tank and a fluidized-bed filtration tank. In the drum filter filtration tank, a culture water inlet and a sludge discharge port are formed on one side, a culture water discharge port is formed on the other side, And a sludge adhered to the inner circumferential surface of the sludge is separated. The fluidized-bed filtration tank is provided with a plurality of fluidized-bed biofilters formed by spraying aerobic microorganisms on a porous surface thereof.

The method of breeding according to the present invention can remarkably increase the initial survival rate by providing the date of incubation or the incubation date of the koi to match the survival rate of the koji. In addition, the present invention can precisely confirm the water quality and temperature conditions optimized for the farmed fish farming style, thereby dramatically increasing the productivity per unit cost according to the input feed, By newly designing the step, it is possible to provide a water pollution prevention type aquaculture device capable of preventing river pollution due to the drainage of the farm site. In addition, we provide tailor-made aquaculture technology that can maximize fish farming efficiency by providing a basic device that can artificially cultivate a fish ball known to live only in the first grade in the second water. In addition, in order to complete the sustainable full-bodied fish farming technology, the aquaculture system is continuously designed in a circulation manner to provide full-scale bodily production technology.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a facility apparatus of a salmon farm.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the survival rate of the fish crab when the carp jacobs of Table 1 were fed with different carp jellyfish as food.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the average size (total length) of the fishes grown in different culture aquariums in Table 4.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the average weight of the individuals of the tarpon ears grown in the different aquariums in Table 5.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the feed intake by water according to the growth of Saliva as shown in Table 7. FIG.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Although the spawning season differs depending on the region, it is known that spawning occurs mostly in May to July in the natural state. In addition, the distinction of male and female fishes can be confirmed at the spawning season. That is, when the spawning season occurs, the semen comes out from the male, while the female swells the genital and abdomen, and when the fish is touched, the softness is felt. have. In the aquaculture process, the male and female fishes are checked at the bottom of the water as described above, and then the water level of the aquarium is lowered. Then, a part of the aquaculture water is added so as not to lack oxygen, I will pick up the necessary amount of mother. It is known that delays can be delayed until late September, depending on management.

The fish farms were fed with HCG (5,000 IU to 7,000 IU) and LHRH-a (10 g) per kg kg of fish in the abdominal cavity or muscle, while adequately supplying oxygen in self- It starts. At this time, the water temperature is suitably about 23 to 24 ° C, and it is preferable that the water is added after 30 to 36 hours after the injection. It is known that fertilization time is affected by water temperature. When fertilization occurs within 30 hours, fertilization rate is low due to immaturity and it is known that fertilization rate is low even when HCG alone is injected. When the mother is caught in the nature and injected just before the spawning, secretion of the hormone suppressant secretion may cause the fertilization rate to drop, and some may release the egg. In order not to be subject to an artificial stress caused by the hormone substance, it is necessary to care for the state of the parent to be stabilized, and there is no failure.

At the farm site, the broodstock can be harvested from May to July at any time through natural or artificial harvesting methods. In case of artificial overgrowth, a dry method is used in which a female's stomach is mixed with a squeeze method and male sperm are mixed to be corrected. When making up the stomach, a wet towel is made and placed on the floor, the female is placed on a towel, Squeeze the stomach into the vessel and stir the male sperm. It is recommended to fill 3 ~ 5 eggs together at the same time. Before slaughtering from females, male spermatozoa are preliminarily secured from 3 to 5 males and poured into the eggs at the same time as the frying of the females, and evenly mixed with a brush or feather, left for 1 to 2 minutes, Rinse with brush or feathers about 5 times. The washed eggs are hatched using a hatching plate. Hatching is started 4 to 5 days after the water temperature of 20 ° C to 24 ° C. After 2 to 3 days after hatching, the seabass absorbs all of its egg yolk and uses it as a nutrient. Afterwards, the seagrass jar starts to search for food from the outside, and supplies the moving creatures such as daphnia After the day, you can feed the fish. The fish can be used as a goldfish, a goldfish, a carp, a shark or a fish of a nishikigoi. In the present invention, the mother of the carp is kept at a temperature below 20 ° C, and the calf hatching date and the feeding hatching date are calculated according to the feeding time of the carp carp, ℃), so that it was possible to use the koi fish as a feeding fish.

The mother who does not spontaneously spawn is injected with hormone injections. In this case, the gonadotropic hormone HCG is injected at 2,000 ~ 3,000 IU per 2,000 ~ 3,000 IU per carp weight, and the water temperature of the water tank is gradually increased If you let it, then most natural spawning occurs between the night and the dawn. After that, eggs are hatched on average for 2 ~ 4 days. When 1 ~ 2 days after hatching, the eggs absorb all yolk and use them as nutrients. In this case, it is important to use the daphnia or compound feed to raise the larvae. In case of feeding the compound feed, it is important to feed the feed in a proper amount while checking whether water quality changes occur every 3 to 4 hours.

The water fleas that are supplied by food can be produced when water is taken in a puddle of 50cm or more and 1m or less and outdoor slaughterhouses and then 2 pieces of onion nets are made per 300㎡ of fertilizer. In general, the production of water fleas is delayed before April, but it can be produced very quickly in hot July to August. Therefore, the production can be adjusted in advance according to the cultivation period of seagrass, and the carp . It is necessary to pay attention to the fish duck or carp fish food twice a day in the morning and evening, especially when the fish is in short supply between 18-22 days after the fish catches. After about 25 days after hatching, the size of the fish is about 3cm. From this time, the fish can adapt to the stable growth, so it can be cultured by controlling the food supply. From this point on, people are able to follow the rules, so that they can be cultivated.

However, the main reason for the mass mortality of fish in the middle of the cultivation of fishes is because fishes eat live food instead of compound feeds. Especially, when microorganisms such as bacteria, parasites, fungi, After a week, the carcass begins to appear on the bottom of the tank. In the case of infectious disease, the eagle sucks and feeds well, and when the eagle rotates, slime occurs, or it loses power on the bottom of the tank and dies and dies. Various symptoms appear. In this way, it is observed that there are many diseases from the hatching day to the 22nd day after the hatching, but after the 25th day, if the hatching does not occur due to the lack of food, Therefore, the most important issue is how to manage hatchery fish within 4 weeks after hatching for mass production. It was also found desirable to use the most refined feed to prevent pests within 4 weeks.

According to the data of Cheongpyeong Inland Water Research Institute, the total number of fish was changed from 6 days to 11 days after hatching. All of them were dead. In the third week of hatching, they died in 15 days. In the fourth hatching of hatching, they were all alive until the end of 12 days. In conclusion, it was confirmed that the feedstuff of Seagari jacquard can be diverted by feeding for about 12 days in the fourth week of hatching.

The salmonid larvae survived by eating and growing vigorously at the height of 2.5cm in the indoor water tank, but the survival rate was high. When the object size of the fish is 5 cm, there was almost no disease, but it was caused by lack of oxygen supply or lack of food. It is necessary to select the fish as it grows quickly in the shortage of food because it attacks small objects first. The larvae grew well in water at 24 ° C, and the most important task was to conserve feed. However, it is very difficult to keep the feedstuffs from the ecological characteristics of fishes. Especially, it is difficult to cultivate fishes for injured feeds or rice balls, and the length of fishes is very short. I would have failed.

For the understanding of the present invention, specific experimental examples are described as follows. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited specifically to the embodiments of the present invention, but includes all technical ideas that can be easily created and modified by a person skilled in the art.

[Experimental Example]

 1. Live fish egg and hatching fish

1) Spawning method according to water temperature

It has a water tank with a water temperature controller, a heater, a boiler, and a temperature controller for controlling the spawning season, and has a water tank for groundwater and river water Were used at the same time.

2) Egg hatching

After the harvesting, a circulation pump was attached to the incubator for egg laying.

3) Seaweed growth,

From April to August, 2015, a broodstock with a carp and bean hulls were harvested for the production of hatchlings and hatchlings were used for feeding fish.

2. Fish test apparatus

1) Preparing the experiment

Five self-made glass aquariums (length 2m x 0.60m) were installed and 450L of water was added per experiment. In order to supply dissolved oxygen, 10 air pumps were installed in each of the two tanks for each tank, and the circulation pump was circulated. The water temperature was controlled by installing one automatic thermostat and one electric heater for each water tank. The diets were prepared by the experimenter and portable DO meter and pH meter were used to check dissolved oxygen amount and pH of water in experimental water tank.

3. Experimental Method

1) Experimental fish species

The fish used in the experiment was a Korean mandarin fish which was cultivated locally and over 5 generations. The fish was grown as a subspecies after being fed, It is an individual growing before and after.

2) Quantity and weight measurement

We measured the average size and weight of 5 randomly selected cows every 5 days and weighed 50 cows per 10 cows every 10 days.

3) Porcelain experiment period and target

The experiment period was from September 31, 2015 to November 1, 2015 for 33 days, and the feed was supplied from October 3 to October 31 for a total of 25 days. The feed was fed at the same time as the water temperature was raised. The temperature of the aquaculture water was 21 ° C, and groundwater was added to the water at 19 ° C. The electric heater and the thermostat were used for 22 ° C and above.

Dissolved oxygen was measured for 14 days from October 18 to 31, and PH meter was measured for 9 days from October 23 to 31. Experiment The golden fish ball is a fish feed of 3cm or more, and its size is about 8cm and the error range is ± 0.3cm.

4) Fish fillet experiment method feed

A total of 250 birds were placed in each tank and growth condition was investigated by water temperature condition. Feeds were supplied twice a day in the morning and evening, and the growth process was observed at 1 day after 5 days feeding.

4. Egg scattering and hatching

1) scattering and methods according to water temperature

In September of last year, for the sake of fish fillets, we managed the nutritional status of mother-in-law, including feeding the mother well and developing the gonads.

In winter, water temperature was kept at 6 ~ 10 ℃. In March, river water and ground water were combined and the water temperature was gradually increased by 0.5 ℃ for 1 day to 17 ℃. When the ground water temperature was low, The water temperature was controlled by a regulator. From July to August, the water temperature was controlled below 20 ℃ using only underground water, and the female and male water tanks were separated and managed separately. After the flooding, river water was supplied to raise the water temperature. As the water temperature was increased, ovulation was induced. At this time, it was confirmed that the female's stomach was swollen. At this time, only the mother fish which was inflated with the genitalia was selected while maintaining the water depth so that the siblings did not die, And transferred to the spawning ground.

In the field, a thermostat was installed to adjust the water temperature. The mother was injected with the hormone LHRH-a (10 g) HCG (5,000 IU to 7,000 IU), and the tank was covered with light I did not go. Oxygen was sufficiently supplied so as not to lack oxygen, and the mixture was filled with a wet towel before and after 33 hours.

The hormone injection was performed by injecting LHRH-a first at 10:00 am and secondarily after 12 hours. In addition, the time from the injection of LHRH-a was taken as the starting point, and the parent fish was re-artificially replanted at about 7 days after the first picking.

2) Egg hatching

Because the eggs that are piled are caused by pathogens such as fungi, the method using the incubator can prevent the fungus stably because it applies a method similar to that in which the natural state fish egg spawns in the shoelaces. That is, in the experiment of the present invention, a bottle incubator was used so that the eggs were kept moving. A small pump was attached below and water was turned upside down so that the oxygen was supplied sufficiently. After incubation, the egg shells hatch after 4 ~ 5 days. At this time, temperature controller was used to maintain the water temperature at 24 ℃. We also supplied fresh groundwater slowly so that water quality would not change. The fertilized egg rotates under the bottle incubator, and the dead eggs are separated and discarded because they float in 2-3 days.

3) Seaweed growth,

Since the hatchlings are absorbed by the egg yolks, they will find their food. The date of hatching of the carp or the egg of the sea urchin was similar to that of the date 2 days after the hatching and the carp was used as a food. The survival rate was the highest at 30 days after feeding the fish.

When the water temperature of the hatchlings was 23 ℃, the egg yolk absorption period was 2 days. If you put the same food as the daphnia, the carp fishes eat fish fleas first rather than the fish fillets and grow faster. So it is important to hatch the carp fishes by providing them with time lags or because they can not be used as fish food. . The hatchlings were fed into a round water tank and cultivated. The smaller sized water tank was better for cultivation than the water tank, and it was confirmed that the diameter of 2 ~ 2.5m was most appropriate. It is good to eat fish in the morning and evening twice, and it should give enough of enough to be able to eat a lot of fishes, and it is very sensitive when the 18th day after hatching. do. From the 25th day after hatching, it is the optimal period for the feed selection since it enters relatively stable growth period.

Experiments were carried out on 100 hatchings (average weight g / ea, average height cm / ea) of 3 days after hatching, and survival rate of fishes was 10 days And then counted. In addition, after 10 days, the carp fish kept for 5 to 7 days after hatching were continuously fed with food, and the temperature of the fish was kept at 24 ° C ± 1 ° C.

As shown in Table 1, the survival rate of the carp jalous was not only the highest when the carp jelly that was hatched 2 days after the fish hatching, but also the survival rate of the same condition was very high even after 10 days .

5. Results on the effect of water temperature on growth

1) Dissolved oxygen change with water temperature

As shown in Table 2 below, the dissolved oxygen in the water tanks 1 to 5 fluctuated by the water temperature. However, after cleaning the organs, the average oxygen concentration increased to 7.0 ppm or more. The highest concentration of dissolved oxygen was 19 ° C The lowest concentration was measured at 31 ° C in the 5th water tank at 6.5ppm, and the lowest concentration was 6.5ppm, which may affect the growth. Concentration was not less than 5.0ppm. Therefore, it was concluded that the dissolved oxygen in the water tank did not affect the shoot growth. In the 19 ° C and 22 ° C water tanks with low water temperature, the amount of dissolved oxygen was low but the feed intake was low. At 28 ° C and 31 ° C with high water temperature, the amount of dissolved oxygen was small but the feed intake was high. Especially, And feed intake was lower.

* Dissolved oxygen concentration by water (unit: ppm)

2) pH change by water

As shown in Table 3 below, during the experimental period, the water tanks 1 to 5 showed a slight variation in water temperature, but the lowest concentration was found at 19 ° C in the morning of the first water tank 27 and in the afternoon of the second water tank 22 7.6, the highest concentration was pH 8.5 at 19 ° C in the morning of the 25th day of the 1st water bath and 24th of the afternoon of the 28th water bath of the 24th day of the water bath, so the pH was not lower than 6.5 or 9.0, Were not affected.

3) Growth rate of fishes according to water temperature

Seaweed growth was found to be strongly affected by water temperature. Table 4 shows the average size (total length) of the fish species identified for each tank during the experiment. This size was measured by randomly selecting 5 out of 50 animals placed in the same tank. As shown in Table 4, the lowest growth temperature for 30 days was 19 ° C, and the average growth was about 0.5 cm. The highest temperature was 28 ° C, which means that the average growth was 3.9 cm. It was confirmed that the temperature of the most excellent aquaculture was 28 ℃. During the experiment period, the feed was fed for 25 days and the size (total length) was measured every 5 days. When the temperature was kept at 19 ° C in the water tank 1, 0.5cm grew after 30 days. In the water tank 2, , 2.5 cm in the case of the third tank 25 ° C, 3.9 cm in the fourth tank 28 ° C, and 3.5 cm in the fifth tank 31 ° C.

It was confirmed that the crabgrass individuals showed a growth rate of about 7.8 times higher at 28 ° C than at 19 ° C. However, at 31 ° C above 28 ° C, the growth was delayed due to the stress due to the high temperature, ℃ indicates that the water temperature maintenance cost is increased and the productivity is lowered.

* Average of total length of water bodies (unit: cm)

As can be seen in Table 5, the average of individual weights of 5 out of 50 individuals injected into each tank was 5.2g at 19 ° C and 31.5g at 28 ° C, . This indicates that the weight of each individual showed a large difference according to the water temperature, and the above condition showed a growth difference of 6.1 times.

* Weight average of individual items per unit (g)

As shown in Table 6, the total weight of 50 grains per each test was measured. As a result of calculating the weight increase during the experiment period of 30 days, it was found that a total of 48 g was increased at 19 ° C. and 31.4 g was increased at 28 ° C. And maximum form effect. This shows that the aquaculture effect varies greatly depending on the water temperature. In particular, the difference between the minimum and maximum values is about 6.5 times. However, the effect at 31 ℃ was due to the stress due to too high temperature, rather than the effect at 28 ℃, and the result showed that the sick body increased over time. The feeding behavior of fishes was stable throughout the period at 28 ℃ but decreased at 31 ℃.

Weight of each object per unit (g)

4) The effect of high water temperature on the survival of fishes

Fungal diseases occurred in one dorsal fin on the 10th day of experiment among the 50 injected water at the temperature of water temperature of 31 ° C. On the 14th day, red bleeding occurred at the mouth and one bird swam the water. On the 15th day, Two hemorrhages occurred in the dorsal fin, two on hemorrhagic and fungal diseases on the 16th day, and 60% or more hemorrhagic organisms occurred on the 20th day. On the 31st day, one dog died, and a total of three died due to the water temperature of 31 ℃. However, at 25 ° C and 28 ° C, there was no disease in the fish body.

In the course of one year of controlling the endangered fishes, feeding the live wild food or using the mother farming water as a natural water will cause diseases throughout the year. Most of these diseases are parasites such as tricotina, kelodonella, Forma- nine or maesotene is used to prevent the disease. In order to prevent bacteria, parasitic viruses and viruses, water temperature was kept below 23 ℃ by using ground water.

6. Effect of Feeding Amount and Method on Growth of Seaweed

1) Tank temperature and fish fillet reaction

When the feed was supplied to the water tank, the response of the fish to the water temperature was different. The amount of feed to be supplied per tank was constantly supplied twice a day, and the feed was continued until the feed was submerged to one or two bottoms after eating enough. As a result of observing the eating activities of fishes, it was observed that the fishes reacted faster at the water temperature below 19 ℃ in the bottom of the ground but not in the upper layer but at the higher water temperature.

 2) Feeding method

Since the fish eat live food, it can be eaten at a time, especially by storing food in the stomach. Therefore, feed the carp species, such as a few times a day to give several times a day, divided into about two times in the morning and evening, it is better to spray evenly throughout the tank. The response to the feed was relatively low in a water tank with a low water temperature, and the feed response was quicker and more was observed at a relatively high water temperature condition.

In addition, feeding activity was greatly affected by light. When feeding immediately before sunrise, the amount of food consumed under stress was significantly lowered. However, in the case of feeding in dark evening, stress was reduced, feeding activity was stable, and feed intake was increased Respectively.

 3) feed rate

Table 7 shows the feed intake per 5 days. Feed intake was the lowest at 30 ℃ for 19 days, and feed intake was highest at 28 ℃. In addition, at 31 ℃, there was a significant change in the intake. At 19 ℃, the intake was decreased and the ecology was similar to the preparation for wintering in the natural state. It was observed that feed intake gradually increased steadily in the water bath at 25 ℃.

During the feed intake period, the temperature of feed water was 73.4 g at the first feed rate, 73.4 g at the first feed rate, 145.5 g at the second feed rate at 22 ° C, 275.0 g at the third feed rate at 25 ° C, 391.8 g at the fourth feed rate, The water tank showed 360.3g, which was about 5.3 times more than 28 ℃ at 19 ℃. As a result of comparison with the individual size (total length) and the weight increase rate (7.8 times and 6.1 times, respectively) according to the temperature conditions shown in Tables 4 and 5, productivity at 28 ° C was most effective will be.

As described above, the cultivation conditions at 28 ° C were found to be optimal in terms of the individual weights or the individual weights of the experimental groups. If the total feed intake is 491.7 at 19 ℃, then the total feed intake at 49 ℃ is 139, 25 ℃ is 236, 28 ℃ is 330 and 31 ℃ is 292 The weight and total weight of individual fishes per unit were converted to 30-day growth rate, which was 35.7 and 36.0 at 28 ℃, respectively, which was higher than 34.7 and 35.6 at 25 ℃ and higher than 31.6 ℃ Which is much higher than 30.1, 28.5. The temperature of 22 ℃ was 26.0 and 26.7, and the temperature of 19 ℃ was only 18.9, 20.8. Therefore, it has been found clearly that the optimum culture temperature condition for the eagle larvae within 4 weeks is 25 占 폚 to 28 占 폚, preferably 28 占 폚.

On the other hand, when calculating the total feed intake for 19 days (491.7) as the base 100, the total feed cost for the 30 days shown in Table 7 below is 139 as calculated on the basis of the average size (total length) 23 ° C for 25 ° C, 330 ° C for 28 ° C, and 292 ° C for 31 ° C. The average growth rate for 30 days is divided by the cost, 13.9 at 25 ° C, 13.6 at 22 ° C and 6.4 at 19 ° C, with 28 ° C to 31 ° C being the most effective. However, taking into account that fish prices are based on weight, 25 ° C to 28 ° C is an optimal condition considering efficiency per feed unit.

* Feed intake per unit (unit: g)

Table 8 shows the feed intake for a specific period (7 days). Feeds were continuously supplied twice a day during the experiment, and no feed was supplied for the measurement of individuals on October 26. It was confirmed that when the feed was supplied again on Oct. 27, the intake was increased and then decreased again. However, it is effective to measure the weight of the fish at the time of culturing, to check the daily intake, and then to increase the feed according to the weight gain of the fish.

* Feed rate (g)

4) Proper water temperature

Growth and feeding rates were the best at 28 ℃ when compared with the growth of fish in the experimental tank at lower temperature than 22 ℃. Therefore, the optimum water temperature of the fish farm is 25 ℃ ~ 28 ℃, preferably 28 ℃. In the case of exceeding the temperature of 31 ℃, it was observed that the growth was lower than 28 ℃. The high temperature culture water increased the operation cost according to the heating temperature, and when the water temperature was high, the dissolved oxygen could also be a stress factor of the fish crab.

7. Water quality and facility design suitable for fish fillet

1) Water quality according to living environment standard of Ministry of Environment

The purpose of this experiment is to examine the limit of the water quality of the fish species according to the water quality standard managed by the Ministry of Environment and to present the optimum water quality standard. (PH), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), suspended solids (SS), dissolved oxygen (DO) , And total number of people (TP).

* Environmental Policy Water Quality Standard (Unit: mg / l)

2) Water quality experiment

As shown in Table 9, the results of the water quality test indicate that the fish can be cultivated even in 'slightly better (grade 2)' of the living environment standard. This study is the analysis of water quality in the water quality analysis center of the National Kyungnam University of Science and the result of analysis of the water used in Example 2 below. In order to meet the water quality requirements, we have confirmed that the fish species can be used in at least the II water quality conditions. In order to meet the water quality requirements, the technology to recycle the aquaculture water through general water treatment steps such as filtration, sedimentation and sterilization, . SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention seeks to provide a method and apparatus that are most popular and can significantly reduce costs by precisely redesigning common techniques. The apparatus of the present invention is as illustrated in Fig.

1 is a conceptual diagram showing each configuration of a culture facility according to the present invention.

1, the salmon farming facility according to the present invention purifies the aquaculture water by a circulation filtration system and comprises a culture tank 100, a first settling tank 110, a drum filter filtration tank 120, a second settling tank And a sediment storage tank 190 are connected to the first and second sludge collecting tanks 130, 130, 141 a and 141 b, the third sedimentation tank 150, the temperature control tank 160, the electric insecticide tank 170, Can be exemplified.

The water tank 100 of the present invention has a first outlet 101 for discharging excretion and a mechanical air supply device 103 for supplying oxygen and a high concentration oxygen dissolver 104 Is installed.

The air supply device 103 serves to augment the outside air in the aquaculture water, and may be an air pump.

The high concentration O 2 dissolver 104 supplies the aquaculture water from the aquaculture water tank 100 to dissolve oxygen in the aquaculture water at a high concentration and then circulates the oxygen to the aquarium 100 through the pump 105 .

Thus, in the aquarium 100, the oxygen necessary for the fish crab growth is sufficiently supplied through the mechanical air supply device 103 and the high-concentration oxygen dissolver 104.

The first settling tank 110 of the present invention receives the aquaculture water discharged from the aquaculture water tank 100 and serves to deposit faeces and the like contained in the aquaculture water, ) Or a pump or the like to the sediment storage tank 190.

The drum filter 121 of the present invention filters the excreta, suspended matter, and the like contained in the aquaculture water. The drum filter 121 is installed inside the drum filter 121, And a sludge discharge port 123 for discharging the sludge separated from the drum filter 121 is provided on the other side of the drum filter 121. A water supply port An outlet 124 is provided.

The sludge attached to the inner circumferential surface of the drum filter 121 is separated into high-pressure washing water sprayed from the upper side of the drum filter 121. The separated sludge is discharged to the outside through the sludge discharge port 123 Filtration takes place as it exits.

The second settling tank 130 of the present invention functions to deposit fine suspended matters contained in the aquaculture water that has passed through the drum filter filtration tank 120, and a bio-net member 131 is installed therein.

The bio-net member 131 has a bio-film formed on the surface of the steel net having a structure in which a plurality of tubes are combined. When the bio-net member 131 is adsorbed on the surface of the bio-film and the adsorbed micro- Remove fine floors.

A plurality of fluidized-bed biofilters 141 are accommodated in the fluidized bed filtration tanks 141a, 141b and 141c of the present invention, and an aeration device 141 is installed at the bottom to supply oxygen necessary for microbial culture.

The fluidized-bed bio-filter 141 is coated by spraying aerobic microorganisms on the surface thereof, and the aerobic microorganisms attached to the surface thereof remove ammonia or nitrite.

A plurality of the fluidized-bed filtration units 141a, 141b and 141c may be installed in series or in parallel according to the number of the culture water tanks 100. The number of the conditioned water passing through the fluidized-bed filtration units 141a, 141b and 141c is And is supplied to the third settling tank 150.

The third settling tank 150 of the present invention serves to finally adsorb and settle the fine suspended particles contained in the aquaculture water that has passed through the fluidized-bed filtration tanks 141a, 141b, and 141c. As in the second settling tank 130, The bio-net member 151 is installed.

The temperature control tank 160 of the present invention controls the temperature of the aquaculture water that has passed through the third settling tank 150 to correspond to the temperature of the aquaculture water contained in the aquarium 100, A temperature gauge 162, a temperature regulator 163, and the like.

The electric insecticidal apparatus 170 according to the present invention serves to prevent breeding of pests from the aquaculture water. The electric insecticidal apparatus 170 includes a plurality of electrode rods 171 disposed therein. When a voltage is applied to each of the electrode rods 171, Energizing is carried out between the electrode rods, and the insect that passes between them is charged and killed.

In the UV sterilizing tank 180 of the present invention, a plurality of ultraviolet lamps 181 are provided to sterilize harmful microorganisms, and sterilized aquaculture water is supplied to the aquarium 100.

The culture water discharged from the lower part of the aquarium 100 is purified through the drum filter unit 120a and the fluidized-bed filtration unit 141a, 141b and 141c and then sequentially moved to the third settling tank 150, The precipitate settled in the drum filter filtration tank 120a is sent to the sediment storage tank 190.

The circulation filtration system constructed as described above is a closed system in which wastewater discharged from the aquaculture tank 100 is not discharged outside the fish farm but is reused after removing the pollutants through physical and biological filtration processes. It is a breakthrough technology that can eliminate recognition.

As described above, when the circulating filtration aquarium of the present invention is used, it is possible to solve all the problems such as deterioration of water quality, productivity, disease resistance and the like, which are expected when rearing a fish ball at high density.

About 5,000 fishes and 13,000 fishes were cultivated in tanks 1 and 2, respectively, while about 3,000 fish died in tanks 2. As a result, the oxygen deficit was estimated to be 7.2 mg / L, which is about 7.5 mg / L of the first grade, so that at least the dissolved oxygen is not the direct cause of the disease. Later, we reproduced the form process of unification condition, and we investigated the cause of our company precisely.

BOD, COD, SS, TN, and TP were examined in the first and second tanks before and after feeding, respectively. Table 10 below shows the test results

In Table 10, tank 2 showed a BOD of 3.5 and a total T-P of 0.18 at 1 hour after feeding. This is equivalent to the water quality standard of the third grade of the Ministry of Environment, and it was observed that some of the ears exposed to this environment started to die. On the other hand, in tank 1, the biological oxygen demand was 1.5 (1b grade) at 1 hour after feeding, and the total (T-P) level was 0.1 (2 grade). Through this, it was confirmed that the water quality of cultured fishes can be maintained by at least two orders of magnitude, and it is possible to provide a standard for maintaining water quality at minimum cost.

* Relative Water Pollution after Feeding (Unit: mg / l)

As described above, the minimum water quality limit for the fish crab style was set through Examples 1 and 2, and the minimum facility standard of the fish farm was also provided.

In addition, by precisely measuring and presenting the growth conditions according to the water temperature of the farm, it is possible to provide optimized aquaculture technology for heating and feed costs, thereby realizing the fishery complete form technology which can sufficiently meet the market demand. It was.

100: Aquaculture tank 101: Outlet
103: Mechanical air supply device 104: High concentration oxygen dissolver
105: pump 110: first settling tank
111: Exhaust port 120: Drum filter filtration tank
121: Drum filter 122: Feedwater inlet
123: Sludge outlet 124: Feedwater outlet
130: second settling tank 131: bio-net member
140a, 140b, 140c: fluidized bed filtration tank 141: fluidized bed biofilter
143: aeration device 150: third settling tank
151: Bio-net member 160: Temperature control tank
161: heater 162:
163: Temperature regulator 170: Electric insecticide device
171: Electrode 180: UV sterilization tank
181: ultraviolet lamp 190: sediment storage tank
191: Sludge discharge pump

Claims (2)

A method for preparing a fish meal using a circulating aquaculture apparatus comprising a water tank, a settling tank, a filtration tank, a sterilizing tank and a sediment storage tank,
A sedimentation step in which aquaculture is removed from the aquaculture tank after sedimentation to remove debris;
A filtration step of filtrating the culture water having passed through the precipitation step while supplying oxygen again to produce clear culture water;
A sterilizing step of removing pathogenic bacteria in freshwater fish from the water after the filtration step;
Maintaining the sterilized aquaculture water at a temperature of 25 ° C to 28 ° C using a temperature controller; , Wherein the aquaculture device
A method for initial preparation of a fish crab, characterized in that the fish crabs are cultured at 25 ° C to 28 ° C for 5 months after hatching.
The method according to claim 1,
The filtration tank,
A drum filter tank, and a fluidized bed filtration tank,
A drum filter for filtering sludge attached to the inner circumferential surface of the drum filter is installed in the drum filter tank,
Wherein the fluidized-bed filtration tank is provided with a plurality of fluidized-bed biofilters formed by spraying aerobic microorganisms on a porous surface thereof.

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