KR20170002094A - Membrane filtration for advanced water treatment device using hydraulic head differential and method for flow conttrolling the same - Google Patents

Abstract

An objective of the present invention is to provide a membrane filtration-type advanced water treatment apparatus which can maintain flow rate at a constant level without requiring separate forced transfer equipment by using siphon and differential head principles. For this purpose, the present invention provides the membrane filtration-type advanced water treatment apparatus comprising: a pretreatment tank in which untreated water is collected; a membrane filtration tank which is located such that a head thereof is lower than a head inside the pretreatment tank; a membrane module which is immersed into the membrane filtration tank; a treatment tank which is located such that a head thereof is lower than a head inside the membrane filtration tank; a first siphon which provides communication such that when the untreated water reaches a predetermined water level inside the pretreatment tank, the untreated water flows into the membrane filtration tank; a second siphon which provides communication such that treated water inside the membrane filtration tank, which has been filtrated via the membrane module, flows into the treatment tank; a first flow rate control valve which is provided on the first siphon, and selectively permits or shuts off a flow of untreated water and controls flow rate; a second flow rate control valve which is provided on the second siphon, and selectively permits or shuts off a flow of treated water and controls flow rate; and a water level transmitter which controls opening and closing of the first and second flow rate control valves based on a water level of the treated water inside the treatment tank.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating a membrane filtration using a water hammer and an apparatus for controlling the flow rate of the membrane filtration,

The present invention relates to a membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus using siphon and water head difference principle, and more particularly, to a siphon filtration apparatus and a membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus using siphon and siphon which are connected to each other through water tanks ), The raw water is cleaned while passing through the nonpressure flow system, so that the raw water can be smoothly purified while keeping the flow rate constant without a separate feeding device such as a pump for controlling the flow of raw water and the quantity of the processed water The present invention relates to a membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus and a flow control method thereof.

An advanced water treatment facility is a water treatment facility to properly treat various harmful substances that can not be completely removed by the conventional water treatment process (mixing, coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection) Technology using advanced oxidation technology, technology using activated carbon, and technology using membrane separation function.

Membrane filtration technology using membrane separation function is a high-efficiency water treatment technology that is rapidly spreading and widespread recently. It separates and removes impurities in raw water by using semipermeable membrane (membrane) having selective permeability as fine pores as a filter medium. And it is attracting attention as a next-generation technology that complements the disadvantages of the existing water treatment facility because it has high recovery rate by removing pathogenic microorganisms.

Such membrane filtration techniques can be classified according to the material, structure, form, Nominal pore size, flow rate, operation mode, filtration method, control method, and the like of the membrane.

Among them, the operation type is classified into a pressing type in which water is put into a membrane module having a hollow hollow fiber membrane in a cylindrical shape and a pressure is applied to the membrane module to filter out foreign matter or impurities and a separating membrane having fine holes in an immersion tank There is a sedimentation that filters foreign matter or impurities in the process of passing water through the litter. The pressurized type eliminates the suspended substances by the pressurization by the pump, requires a process of excluding the suspended substances as a pretreatment facility, and has a relatively high power ratio for forced circulation. The immersion method removes the suspended material by suction by the pump, and the influence of the water temperature is large as the membrane module is mounted in the immersion tank.

In the conventional pressurized membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus, since the raw water (untreated water) passes through the membrane module and the contaminants are adhered and only filtered permeated water (treated water) is discharged, The so-called fouling phenomenon occurs in which the flow of the raw water through the membrane module is interrupted due to the adhesion of the contaminants, resulting in a drastic decrease in the substance permeability. As a result, The required pressure of the raw water (untreated water) for passing the membrane module increases as well as the decrease.

Accordingly, it is necessary to periodically perform a membrane cleaning operation for removing contaminants adhered to the membrane module. Such membrane washing operation is mainly performed by strongly refluxing the filtered permeated water (treated water) into the membrane module to physically remove contaminants Physical cleaning of backwashing of water or air, air scrubbing and flushing, and repeated contact of the cleaning agent containing chemicals to the membrane module chemically remove contaminants (Chemical in place).

In the conventional immersion membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus, the raw water (untreated water) to be introduced is collected in a storage tank and mixed with the flocculating agent in a mixing tank. After coagulating the organic substances contained in the raw water in the flocculating tank, In the flocculation tank, the flocculation treatment water having been subjected to the coagulation treatment is introduced into the settling tank to precipitate the aggregate or particulate contaminant through the swash plate.

The purified water of the settling tank may be introduced into the membrane separation tank provided with the membrane module, filtered through the membrane module (separation membrane) to obtain purified water, and advanced treatment of ozone and / or activated carbon may be performed if necessary.

However, since such a conventional membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus is provided with a pump for forced feeding of treated water, the initial installation cost and the operation cost are high, and the installation site (site area) is constrained.

On the other hand, a hydraulic head is a hydrostatic term which refers to the height of a water column. It is related to the energy, pressure, and velocity of the water in a high place. According to Bernoulli's principle, the pressure difference (Δp) exerted by a water column is expressed as the product of the density of water (ρ), the acceleration of gravity (g), and the height difference of the water column (Δh) Since the two values are constant, the pressure difference is directly proportional to the water head difference, that is, a function relation holds. Therefore, in order to obtain the desired pressure, the height of the water surface should be made equal to the corresponding head. The principle of siphon is also a related concept.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2014-0144933 (December 22, 2014) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2014-0081552 (July 1, 2014) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1342689 (December 13, 2013) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1276499 (June 3, 2013) Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0925680 (2009.11.02) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0932154 (2009.12.08) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0843656 (Jun. 27, 2008) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0791896 (December 28, 2007)

Therefore, the present inventor has focused on solving the limitations and problems of the existing technology in consideration of the above-mentioned matters in a comprehensive manner, and it is possible to control the flow rate of the raw water and the flow rate of the treated water without adjusting a pump The present invention was invented as a result of intensive efforts to develop a membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus capable of purifying raw water while maintaining a high water content.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus and a flow control method thereof, which enable raw water to flow into a natural stream under the action of a siphon that communicates with water tanks in water tanks, To provide.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a membrane filtration advanced water purification apparatus and a flow control method thereof, which can maintain the flow rate constant by using the head difference according to the variation of the head pressure and the siphon pressure .

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a membrane filtration apparatus comprising: a pretreatment tank in which untreated water is collected; a membrane filtration tank positioned so that the head of the water in the pretreatment tank is lower than the head; A first siphon which communicates the untreated water in the pretreatment tank so that the untreated water reaches a certain level and flows into the membrane filtration tank; A second siphon communicating with the first siphon so that the treated water in the membrane filtration tank filtrated through the first siphon flows into the treated water tank and a first flow control valve provided on the first siphon for opening and closing the flow of untreated water, A second flow control valve provided on the second siphon for opening and closing the flow of the treated water and controlling the flow rate, And a water level transmitter for controlling the opening and closing of the first and second flow rate control valves according to the water level of the water.

As a result, since the untreated water and treated water flow in a natural descending manner while keeping the flow rate constant by the water head difference and the siphon principle, the first embodiment of the present invention reduces the energy consumption and installation space by a separate press- Cost and operation cost can be reduced.

A specific means according to the second embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a pretreatment tank in which untreated water is collected, a casing which is positioned such that the head of the water in the pretreatment tank is lower than the head of the water in the pretreatment tank, A first siphon which communicates the untreated water in the pre-treatment tank to a predetermined level to flow into the casing; and a second siphon which communicates with the first siphon through the membrane module A second flow control valve provided on the first siphon for opening and closing the flow of untreated water and controlling a flow rate of the untreated water; A second flow rate control valve provided on the siphon for opening and closing the flow of the treated water and controlling the flow rate thereof, And a water level transmitter for controlling the opening and closing of the first and second flow rate control valves according to the water level.

Thus, since the untreated water and the treated water flow in a natural descending manner while keeping the flow rate constant by the water head difference and the siphon principle, the second embodiment of the present invention reduces the energy consumption and the installation space by a separate press- It is possible to reduce the cost and operation cost as well as to induce and induce the siphon phenomenon more effectively, so that the untreated water can be filtered quickly and easily.

The concrete means according to the third embodiment of the present invention further comprises a backwash pump for spraying and backwashing the treated water in the treated water tank from the outlet of the casing to the inlet so as to backwash the fouling ) Can be reduced to more effectively and efficiently maintain the production flow rate constant.

In addition, in the first to third embodiments of the present invention, the pretreatment tank may be installed so as to be capable of implementing at least one pretreatment process such as sedimentation, contact with powdered activated carbon (PAC), mixing, and agglomeration.

In addition, in the first to third embodiments of the present invention, the pretreatment tank may be provided with a stirrer for growing the particles contained in the untreated water into filtrate and floccable sized flocs.

In the first to third embodiments of the present invention, the membrane module may be a membrane module of any one of a hollow fiber type membrane, a flat sheet type membrane, and a tubular type membrane. Lt; / RTI >

On the other hand, in the membrane filtration advanced water purification apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the flow rate control method for controlling the production flow rate of treated water by regulating the degree of opening of the first and second flow rate control valves, A first step in which the level transmitter measures in real time whether the level of the treated water is maintained within a predetermined range; and a step of, when the level of the treated water in the treated water tank is out of a predetermined range, And a second step of adjusting the opening degree of the first and second flow rate control valves so that the first and second flow rate control valves coincide with a predetermined range.

In the membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, a flow rate control method for controlling the production flow rate of treated water by regulating the degree of opening of the first and second flow rate control valves, A first step in which the level transmitter measures in real time whether or not the level of the treated water is maintained within a predetermined range; and a step of, when the level of the treated water in the treated water tank is out of a predetermined range, And a second step of adjusting the opening degree of the first and second flow rate control valves so as to coincide with a predetermined range of the flow rate.

In the membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, preferably, in the second flow rate control method, the water level of the treated water in the treated water tank does not coincide with a predetermined range , The first and second flow control valves are closed and the treated water in the treatment tank is injected into the treatment water outlet of the casing so as to pass through the inlet and the sludge outlet so that fouling of the membrane module is reduced And a third step of controlling the operation of the backwash pump to back up the membrane module.

The present invention having the means and construction for achieving the objects and the objects of the technical object as described above is different from the conventional method in which raw water and treated water are moved by artificial and mechanical pressure using a press- It minimizes the energy usage and installation space (site area) by controlling the flow and volume of raw water and treated water by controlling the flow of raw water and treated water by using the natural submerged method using unnecessary water column and siphon principle. And operation cost can be greatly reduced.

In addition, when the water level of the treated water is measured in real time in the treated water tank and the level of the treated water is out of a predetermined range, the degree of opening and closing of the first and second flow rate control valves is controlled, fouling) to control the head pressure and siphon pressure to keep the production flow rate of treated water constant.

Further, the present invention can automate and unattend the system where a skilled workforce is insufficient, such as a small-scale water purification plant or a village water supply system, thereby achieving integrated operation management, as well as reducing coagulant dosage, reducing sludge generation and rationalizing energy use Can be obtained.

1 is a block diagram schematically showing an apparatus for treating a membrane filtration advanced water purification apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram schematically showing a membrane filtration advanced water purification apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a block diagram schematically showing a membrane filtration advanced water purification apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Prior to this, the following terms are defined in consideration of the functions of the present invention, and they are to be construed to mean concepts that are consistent with the technical idea of the present invention and interpretations that are commonly or commonly understood in the technical field of the present invention.

In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the subject matter of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the attached drawings are exaggerated or simplified in order to facilitate understanding and clarification of the structure and operation of the technology, and it is to be understood that each component does not exactly coincide with the actual size.

In addition, when a part includes an element, it does not exclude other elements unless specifically stated otherwise, but may include other elements.

≪ Embodiment 1 >

As shown in FIG. 1, the membrane filtration advanced water purification apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a pretreatment tank 10, a membrane filtration tank 20, a membrane module 30, a treatment tank 40, A siphon 50, a second siphon 60, a first flow control valve 70, a second flow control valve 80, and a water level transmitter 90.

≪ Pretreatment tank &

The pretreatment tank 10 stabilizes the fluctuation of the water level of the raw water (untreated water) taken in and out from the outside such as the headwater, and keeps the discharge amount of the raw water constant so that a series of water treatment operations such as coagulant injection, So that the pretreatment process for minimizing the contamination of the membrane module 30 can be performed smoothly.

The pretreatment tank 10 is connected to a conduit (not shown) for supplying raw water continuously or intermittently from the outside and the water head h1 of untreated water contained in the pretreatment tank 10 is connected to the water head h2 in the membrane filtration tank 20 And is relatively high. A head h = P / r _w (pressure head) + V ² / 2g (velocity head) + Z (head position) from the reference plane. Where P is the pressure, r _w is the weight of water per volume, g is the gravitational acceleration, and V is the velocity.

In addition, the pretreatment tank 10 is made of a material for causing taste and odor (2-MIB, geosmin, etc.), synthetic detergent, phenol , Precipitates or powdered activated carbon (PAC) contact vessels to remove trihalomethanes and their precursors, chemicals and other organic materials.

Also, the pretreatment tank 10 can be used as a mixing tank which reacts contaminants contained in raw water with a coagulant introduced for a short time to generate micro floc by electrical neutralization and adsorption, It is also possible to use a coagulation tank which forms a large floc so that the precipitated colloidal material and the sedimentation suspended solids can settle well.

In addition, the pretreatment tank (10) can have the purpose and function of enhancing the flocculation efficiency by introducing the alkali agent and the coagulation assistant when the turbidity is high or accepting the membrane filtration backwash water or effluent treatment water, To a homogeneous mixing state, or by rapidly changing the electrochemical properties of the colloidal suspended solids to destabilize them, and to effectively collide the unstabilized particles with each other to produce filtrates and flocculable sized flocs A stirrer may be installed.

<Membrane filtration tank>

The membrane filtration tank 20 is installed such that its head h2 is relatively lower than the water head h1 in the pretreatment tank 10 and the untreated water discharged from the pretreatment tank 10 is supplied through the first siphon 50 The water level fluctuation is stabilized and the discharge amount is kept constant so that the filtration treatment through the membrane module 30 can be performed smoothly.

Here, the membrane filtration tank 20 can be connected to a separate backwash pump (not shown) for backwashing and air cleaning, and can discharge concentrated water such as sludge (raw water that has not been permeated through the untreated water membrane module and is excluded) And may be connected to a separate vacuum pump (not shown).

<Membrane module>

The membrane module 30 is composed of a unit body having a large membrane area compactly integrated and immersed in the membrane filtration tank 20 and supplied with untreated water through the first siphon 50 in the pretreatment tank 10 Filtration is performed through sieving action and adhesion action and catching action by the cake layer.

Here, the membrane module 30 is a hollow fiber type membrane, a flat-plate type membrane module, or the like, except for a solid component such as impurities, foreign matter, and sludge, by an out- a flat sheet type membrane or a tubular type membrane.

As the filtration membrane of the membrane module 30, a microfiltration membrane MF of an organic material such as polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or the like having a nominal pore diameter of 0.01 μm and a recovery ratio of 90% An ultrafiltration membrane (UF) structure of an organic material such as PVDF having a cutoff molecular weight of 1,000 Daltons or more can be employed, but not limited thereto, and a known inorganic film or organic film material can be used.

For example, an inorganic film including a ceramic and a metal film or a film made of an inorganic film such as polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA), polyethylene (PE), polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), polysulfone (PS), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), cellulose acetate, polysulfonate, and combinations thereof.

The membrane module 30 may have one or a plurality of assemblies (cassettes, racks) arranged in parallel.

In addition, a separate air diffuser is provided in the lower part of the membrane module 30 to disperse air into a bubble state so that aeration can be sufficiently carried out, so that floating particles or microorganisms are fixed on the membrane module 30, It is possible to prevent ringing and improve filtration performance and efficiency.

&Lt; Treated water tank &

The treatment water tank 40 is provided so that the head h3 is lower than the water head h2 in the membrane filtration tank 20 so that the treated water discharged from the membrane filtration tank 20 is supplied through the second siphon 60 The water level fluctuation is stabilized and the discharged amount is discharged to the purified water (not shown) of the water purification plant through a separate water discharge pipe while keeping the discharge amount constant.

It is preferable that the water head difference between the pretreatment tank 10 and the membrane filtration tank 20 and the water head difference between the membrane filtration tank 20 and the treatment water tank 40 are set in a stepwise manner so as to have a sufficient head.

<First Siphon>

The first siphon 50 is formed as a communication pipe, and when the untreated water in the pretreatment tank 10 reaches a predetermined water level, the first siphon 50 is connected to the membrane filtration tank 20 so as to flow naturally.

That is, the inlet at the upper end of the first siphon 50 is immersed in the untreated water in the pretreatment tank 10, and the outlet at the lower end thereof is installed so as to be submerged in the untreated water in the membrane filtration tank 20, When the atmospheric pressure acts on the surface of the untreated water, the untreated water in the pretreatment tank 10 is pulled up or pulled out in the horizontal direction to be discharged, and then flows down to the membrane filtration tank 20 having a low head due to gravity.

<The 2nd siphon>

The second siphon 60 is formed of a communicating tube so that the treated water (raw water permeated through the untreated water membrane module) in the membrane filtration tank 20 filtered through the membrane module 30 is supplied to the treated water tank 40 ) So that they flow naturally.

That is, the inlet at the upper end of the second siphon 60 is immersed in the treated water in the membrane filtration tank 20, and the outlet at the lower end of the second siphon 60 is installed so as to be submerged in the treated water in the treated water tank 40, When the atmospheric pressure acts on the surface of the treated water, the treated water in the membrane filtration tank 20 is pulled up or pulled out in the horizontal direction to be drained, and then flows down to the treatment tank 40 having a low head due to gravity action.

<First Flow Control Valve>

The first flow control valve 70 is installed on the first siphon 50 so that the untreated water in the pretreatment tank 10 can be opened and closed by controlling the flow rate of the untreated water flowing into the membrane filtration tank 20.

The first flow rate control valve 70 receives a control signal from the controller C connected to the output of the level transmitter 90 so that the built-in solenoid valve opens and closes the flap, A feed water regulating valve that restricts the flow rate of the filtrate to the membrane filtration tank 20 and restricts the flow of the filtrate to the membrane filtration tank 20 can be applied.

That is, the first flow rate control valve 70 is automatically opened and closed in accordance with the level measurement signal of the level transmitter 90 to maintain a preset flow rate.

&Lt; Second flow rate control valve &

The second flow control valve 80 is provided on the second siphon 60 so that the flow of the process water in the membrane filtration tank 20 can be controlled by opening and closing the flow of the process water into the process water tank 40.

The second flow rate control valve 80 receives a control signal from the controller C connected to the output of the level transmitter 90 in the same manner as the first flow rate control valve 70 so that the built- It is possible to adopt a feed water regulating valve which restricts the filtration rate by controlling the flow rate of the process water passing through the valve and suppresses the flow to the process water tank 40. [

That is, the second flow rate control valve 80 is automatically opened or closed in accordance with the level measurement signal of the level transmitter 90 to maintain the predetermined flow rate.

<Water level transmitter>

The water level transmitter 90 is installed on the treatment water tank 40 so as to control the opening and closing of the first and second flow rate control valves 70 and 80 in accordance with the change in the water level of the treatment water in the treatment water tank 40 .

The water level transmitter 90 is provided with a structure for transmitting control signals to the controller C of the first and second flow rate control valves 70 and 80 in real time in accordance with a change in the level of the treated water in the treatment water tank 40 Can be adopted.

For example, an electric conductivity level detector that judges the level of the water level at a certain point by using the flow of the electric current, the water level is changed to the electric power level by using the principle that the capacitance is changed according to the increase and decrease of the water level, A capacitive probe type detector that detects the flow rate of the fluid in the processing tank 40 and transfers the control signal to the controller of the first and second flow rate control valves 70 and 80, A differential pressure transmitter for sending a control signal to the controller C for controlling the opening and closing of the first and second flow control valves 70 and 80 by measuring the pressure difference and converting the measured pressure into a water level, A float switch for detecting the water level by forming an electric circuit by detaching the switch while the float moves up and down according to the float level switch, A level transmitter for outputting a linear electric signal by transmitting the minute displacement due to the buoyancy of the displacer to the load cell through the torque tube and displaying a level according to the signal amplitude, and the like.

That is, the water level transmitter 90 measures the water level of the treated water in the treatment water tank 40 in real time, and when the water level deviates from a predetermined range, the first and second flow rate control valves 70, The production flow rate of the treated water can be kept constant.

On the other hand, a separate controller (C) receiving the level measurement signal of the level transmitter (90) controls the operation of the first and second flow control valves (70, 80) for interrupting the flow of untreated water and treated water Are electrically connected to each other.

<Operation and Operation Principle, Control Method>

The apparatus for treating a membrane filtration advanced water purifying apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention is constructed such that the pretreatment tank 10 is located higher than the membrane filtration tank 20 so that the membrane filtration tank 20 is located in the treatment tank 40 The first siphon 50 communicates with the untreated water in the pretreatment tank 10 so as to flow into the membrane filtration tank 20 and the second siphon 60 communicates with the membrane filtration tank 20 The water and the treated water can be flown by the natural descent method in parallel with the water head difference and the siphon principle, and the flow of raw water and treated water can be controlled and the amount of treated water can be adjusted , It is possible to minimize the energy consumption and the installation space (area) and greatly reduce the installation cost and operation cost.

Furthermore, when the water level transmitter 90 measures the water level change of the treated water in the treatment water tank 40 in real time and the water level deviates from a predetermined range, the water level of the treated water in the treatment water tank 40 falls within a predetermined range The flow rate of the treated water can be kept constant by controlling the opening and closing degree of the first and second flow rate control valves 70 and 80 so as to match the water head pressure and the siphon pressure.

That is, when the treated water in the treated water tank 40 is lower than the normal flow rate range, for example, if the membrane module 30 is contaminated and the water level in the treated water tank 40 falls outside a predetermined range, The control signal is transmitted to the controller C so as to gradually increase the degree of opening of the first and second flow control valves 70 and 80. The first and second flow control valves 70 and 80, The two flow rate control valves 70 and 80 adjust the head pressure and the siphon pressure by increasing the degree of opening and when the treated water in the treatment water tank 40 is increased to the normal flow rate range by the rising head pressure and the siphon pressure That is, when the water level in the treatment water tank 40 increases within a predetermined range, the water level transmitter 90 detects the water level in the water level transmitter 40 to reduce the opening degree of the first and second flow rate control valves 70 and 80, , And the control signal of the controller (C) First and second flow control valves (70 and 80) for receiving a control signal to reduce the degree of the opening is maintained constant in the production flow rate of the predetermined process.

&Lt; Embodiment 2 >

Hereinafter, the membrane filtration advanced water purification apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

Here, among constituent elements related to the membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, constituent elements having the same or similar operational effects as those of the first embodiment described above use the same reference numerals, Repetitive and detailed explanations are omitted.

2, the membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention roughly includes a pretreatment tank 10, a casing 21, a membrane module 30, a treatment tank 40, A second siphon 60, a first flow control valve 70, a second flow control valve 80, and a water level transmitter 90.

<Casing>

The casing 21 receives the untreated water discharged from the pretreatment tank 10 through the first siphon 50 and the untreated water discharged through the first siphon 50 through the membrane module 30, And discharged to the water tank 40 through the water head and the second siphon 60 in a natural descent manner.

The upper portion of the casing 21 is provided with an inlet 22 communicating with a discharge port at the lower end of the first siphon 50. A lower portion of the casing 21 has a treated water outlet 23 communicating with an inlet at the upper end of the second siphon 60, And the water head h2 of the untreated water flowing into the water tank h2 is positioned lower than the water head h1 in the pretreatment tank 10 and higher than the water head h3 in the treatment water tank 40. [

<Membrane module>

The membrane module 30 is housed in the casing 21 so that untreated water is supplied to the pretreatment tank 10 through the first siphon 50 to perform sieving and adhesion and capture by the cake layer Filtration through the action.

Here, the membrane module 30 is a hollow fiber-type tubular membrane (not shown) except for a solid component such as impurities, foreign matter, sludge and the like due to an out-to-in or pressure- tubular type, or flat sheet type membrane.

In the membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the water head difference between the pretreatment tank 10 and the casing 21 and the water head difference between the casing 21 and the treatment water tank 40 are set .

<Operation and Operation Principle, Control Method>

In the membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention constructed as described above, the pretreatment tank 10 is installed such that the head of the pretreatment tank 10 is positioned higher than the casing 21, The first siphon 50 communicates with the untreated water in the pretreating tank 10 so as to flow into the casing 21 and the second siphon 60 communicates with the treated water in the casing 21, So that the raw water and the treated water can be flown in a natural descending manner in parallel with the water head difference and the siphon principle, Unnecessary energy consumption and installation space (area) can be minimized, and installation and operating costs can be greatly reduced.

In particular, unlike the first embodiment in which the membrane module 20 is immersed in the membrane filtration tank 20, the structure is built in the casing 21 so that the installation is further facilitated and the inlet 22 and the process water outlet 23), it is possible to filter the untreated water more quickly and easily, and to control the flow rate and the production flow rate when applying several kinds of siphon.

Furthermore, when the water level transmitter 90 measures the water level change of the treated water in the treatment water tank 40 in real time and the water level deviates from a predetermined range, when the water level of the treated water in the treatment water tank 40 is within a predetermined range The flow rate of the treated water can be kept constant by controlling the opening and closing degree of the first and second flow rate control valves 70 and 80 so as to match the water head pressure and the siphon pressure.

That is, when the treated water in the treated water tank 40 is lower than the normal flow rate range, for example, if the membrane module 30 is contaminated and the water level in the treated water tank 40 falls outside a predetermined range, And transmits the control signal to a separate controller C so as to gradually increase the opening degree of the first and second flow rate control valves 70 and 80. The first and second flow rate control valves 70 and 80, And the second flow rate control valves 70 and 80 adjust the head and siphon pressures by increasing the degree of opening thereof so that the treated water in the treatment water tank 40 can flow into the normal flow rate range When the water level in the processing bath 40 is increased to a predetermined range, the water level transmitter 90 detects this and decreases the opening degree of the first and second flow control valves 70 and 80, (C), and the control First and second flow control valve (70) for receiving a control signal (C), (80) reduces the degree of its opening is maintained constant in the production flow rate of the predetermined process.

&Lt; Third Embodiment >

Hereinafter, the membrane filtration advanced water purification apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

Here, among the components related to the membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention, components having the same or similar operational effects as those of the first and second embodiments described above use the same reference numerals , Repetitive and detailed explanations thereof are omitted.

3, the membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention roughly includes a pretreatment tank 10, a casing 21, a membrane module 31, a treatment tank 40, The second siphon 60, the first flow control valve 70, the second flow control valve 80, the level transmitter 90, the backwash pump 45, the foreign matter tank 28, and the solenoid valve 29).

<Backwash pump>

The backwash pump 45 blows the treated water in the treated water tank 40 from the treated water outlet 23 of the casing to the inlet 22 and the sludge outlet 24 to return the membrane module 30 Back wash.

The treated water sprayed from the treated water discharge port 23 of the casing through the inlet 22 and the sludge discharge port 24 by the backwash pump 45 is supplied from a separate compressed air supply device such as a compressor, The compressed air is jetted at the same time, so that a high pressure is applied during backwashing of the membrane module 31 to cause friction, thereby more effectively removing the contaminants adhering to the membrane module 30 to improve backwashing efficiency, Can be shortened.

<Foreign body tank>

The foreign matter tank 28 is separated and removed from the membrane module 31 in the backwash process by the operation of the backwash pump 45 to receive and store the foreign matter flowing out to the sludge discharge port 24.

<Solenoid valve>

The solenoid valve 29 is provided on a pipe connecting the sludge discharge port 24 and the foreign matter tank 28 to control the foreign matter flowing out to the sludge discharge port 24 to move to the foreign matter tank 28.

On the other hand, a separate controller (C) receiving the level measurement signal of the level transmitter (90) includes first and second flow control valves (70) and (80) for interrupting the flow of untreated water and treated water, A backwash pump 45 for feeding the treated water in the treatment water tank 40 to the treated water outlet 23 of the casing and a solenoid valve 29 for interrupting the movement of the foreign matter flowing out through the inlet 22 of the casing Respectively, so as to control the operation of the motor.

<Operation and Operation Principle, Control Method>

In the membrane filtration advanced water treatment system according to the third embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, the water level transmitter 90 measures the water level change of the treated water in the treatment water tank 40 in real time, If the membrane module 30 is contaminated and the water level in the process water tank 40 is lowered beyond a predetermined range, the opening degree of the first and second flow control valves 70 and 80 The first and second flow rate control valves 70 and 80, which transmit the control signal to the controller C so as to gradually increase the opening degree of the controller C and receive the control signal of the controller C, And siphon pressure.

When the level of the treated water in the treatment tank 40 does not coincide with a predetermined range within a predetermined time, the controller C sets the first and second flow control valves 70 and 80 to the closed state So that the untreated water is not supplied to the membrane module 31 and the solenoid valve 29 is controlled to be open so that the backwash pump 45 is operated to return the treated water in the treatment water tank 40 to the treated water The membrane module 31 is blown out from the discharge port 23 to the inlet 22 and the sludge discharge port 24 to back up the membrane module 31 to reduce the fouling of the membrane module 31.

In this process, the foreign matter falling from the membrane module 31 flowing out to the inlet 22 of the casing forms wastewater together with the treated water, which is collected into the foreign-matter tank 28 through the solenoid valve 29.

Therefore, the flow of the treatment water passing through the membrane module 31 is smooth and the amount thereof is increased, so that the production flow rate of the treatment water can be maintained more effectively and efficiently.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be widely applied.

Therefore, the modifications to the technical features of the present invention and the contents related to the application should be interpreted to be included in the technical idea and scope of the present invention.

10: Pretreatment tank 20: Membrane filtration tank
21: casing 22: inlet
23: treated water outlet 24: sludge outlet
28: Foreign body tank 29: Solenoid valve
30, 31: membrane module 40: treated water tank
45: backwash pump 50: 1st siphon
60: second siphon 70: first flow control valve
80: second flow control valve 90: water level transmitter

Claims (12)

A pretreatment tank 10 for collecting untreated water;
A membrane filtration tank (20) positioned so that the head of the water in the pretreatment tank (10) is lower than the water head;
A membrane module (30) immersed in the membrane filtration tank (20);
A treatment water tank (40) positioned so that the head of the water in the membrane filtration tank (20) is lower than the water head;
A first siphon (50) communicating with the pretreatment tank (10) so that the untreated water reaches a certain level and flows into the membrane filtration tank (20);
A second siphon (60) communicating with the treatment tank (40) so that the treatment water in the membrane filtration tank (20) filtered through the membrane module (30) flows into the treatment tank (40);
A first flow control valve (70) installed on the first siphon (50) for opening and closing the flow of untreated water and regulating the flow rate;
A second flow control valve (80) installed on the second siphon (60) for opening and closing the flow of treated water and regulating the flow rate; And
A water level transmitter 90 for controlling the opening and closing of the first and second flow rate control valves 70 and 80 according to the level of the treated water in the treatment water tank 40;
Wherein the membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus comprises: The method according to claim 1,
The water head difference between the pre-treatment tank 10 and the membrane filtration tank 20 and the water head difference between the membrane filtration tank 20 and the treatment water tank 40 are set so as to have a sufficient head. A pretreatment tank 10 for collecting untreated water;
A casing 21 positioned below the water head in the pretreatment tank 10 so that the water head is lower than the water head in the pretreatment tank 10, an inlet 22 formed at an upper portion thereof and a treated water outlet 23 formed at a lower portion thereof;
A membrane module (30) provided inside the casing (21);
A treatment water tank (40) positioned so that the head of the water in the casing (21) is lower than the water head;
A first siphon (50) communicating with the pretreatment tank (10) so that the untreated water reaches a certain level and flows into the casing (21);
A second siphon (60) communicating with the processing water in the casing (21) filtered through the membrane module (30) so as to flow into the processing water tank (40);
A first flow control valve (70) installed on the first siphon (50) for opening and closing the flow of untreated water and regulating the flow rate;
A second flow control valve (80) installed on the second siphon (60) for opening and closing the flow of treated water and regulating the flow rate; And
A water level transmitter 90 for controlling the opening and closing of the first and second flow rate control valves 70 and 80 according to the level of the treated water in the treatment water tank 40;
Wherein the membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus comprises: The method of claim 3,
The membrane module 30 is backwashed by spraying the treated water in the treated water tank 40 from the treated water outlet 23 of the casing to the inlet 22 and the sludge outlet 24, Further comprising a pump (45). 5. The method of claim 4,
A foreign matter tank (28) for receiving and storing foreign matter flowing into the inlet (22) of the casing according to the operation of the backwash pump (45); And
A solenoid valve 29 installed on a pipe connecting the sludge discharge port 24 and the foreign matter tank 28 to control the movement of foreign matter flowing into the sludge discharge port 24 through the inlet port 22 of the casing;
Further comprising a membrane filtration high-altitude water treatment device. 6. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5,
Wherein the water head difference between the pre-treatment tank (10) and the casing (21) and the water head difference between the casing (21) and the treatment water tank (40) have sufficient head. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The pretreatment tank (10) is provided with a pretreatment step of at least one of precipitation, powder activated carbon (PAC) contact, agglomeration, and agglomeration. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The pretreatment tank (10) comprises a stirrer for growing particles contained in untreated water into flocs of a size capable of filtration and sedimentation. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The membrane module 30 may be a membrane filtration high-altitude water purification device comprising a membrane module of a hollow fiber type membrane, a flat sheet type membrane, a tubular type membrane, and a spiral wound membrane. Processing device. The flow rate control method for controlling the production flow rate of treated water by adjusting the degree of opening and closing of the first and second flow rate control valves (70, 80) in the membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus according to claim 1,
A first step in which the level transmitter (90) measures in real time whether the level of the treated water in the treatment tank (40) is maintained within a predetermined constant range;
When the level of the treated water in the treating water tank (40) is out of a predetermined range, the first and second flow control valves (70, 70) are controlled so that the level of the treated water in the treating water tank (40) (80);
Of the membrane filtration high-altitude water treatment apparatus. The flow rate control method for controlling the production flow rate of treated water by adjusting the degree of opening and closing of the first and second flow rate control valves (70, 80) in the membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus according to claim 3,
A first step in which the level transmitter (90) measures in real time whether the level of the treated water in the treatment tank (40) is maintained within a predetermined constant range;
When the level of the treated water in the treating water tank (40) is out of a predetermined range, the first and second flow control valves (70, 70) are controlled so that the level of the treated water in the treating water tank (40) (80);
Of the membrane filtration high-altitude water treatment apparatus. 12. The method of claim 11,
The first and second flow control valves 70 and 80 are closed if the water level of the treated water in the treatment water tank 40 does not coincide with a predetermined range within a predetermined range in the second step, The treated water in the treatment water tank 40 is sprayed from the treated water outlet 23 of the casing to the inlet 22 and the sludge outlet 24 so that the fouling of the module 30 is reduced, A third step of controlling the operation of the backwash pump (45) to back up the membrane module (30);
And a flow rate control unit for controlling the flow rate of the membrane filtration advanced water treatment apparatus.

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