KR20130044653A

KR20130044653A - Biocomposite structural material and its manufacturing method.

Info

Publication number: KR20130044653A
Application number: KR1020110108819A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 정형근
Original assignee: 정형근
Priority date: 2011-10-24
Filing date: 2011-10-24
Publication date: 2013-05-03

Abstract

Recently, there is a growing need for materials that are harmless to the human body and environmentally friendly due to resource depletion and environmental pollution, and have suitable properties for each application. Development is active.
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an eco-friendly biocomposite structural material,
The present invention provides a method for producing a biocomposite structural material using biomass fibers as a reinforcing and filler and a thermoplastic synthetic resin as a matrix material and an additive.
Uniform bio-composite board molding by supplying steam and heating air from the inside of the laminated material in which the adhesive is added, mixed and agitated to the bio-composite structural material, and the longitudinal direction of the vegetable long fibers as the surface material of the bio-composite board Method for forming into a metal conveyor belt press to press.
The present invention relates to a method for continuously manufacturing building structural materials in the form of columns and beams by bending and forming with a forming roll when the internal temperature of the molded bio-composite board is higher than 80 ° C.

Description

Biocomposite structural material and its manufacturing method.

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a biocomposite structural material, and more specifically, by mixing and thermosetting a thermoplastic synthetic resin, an inorganic powder, and an additive with an adhesive as a mattress in a biomass reinforcement main material, an environmentally friendly property, storage modulus, and dimensional stability may be excellent. In addition, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a biocomposite building structural material having heat resistance and flame retardancy.

Natural composites can be found in cell layers made of cellulose and liglin in wood, crabs, shellfish, and shrimp. Most of the artificial composites used in the building industry and automobiles use glass fiber or carbon fiber as reinforcement materials. Expensive, there are problems in terms of energy and environment, and recently, bio-composites have been produced using natural fibers as reinforcing materials.

The cell wall of the tree is being studied using this property as a composite composed of other minor components such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and pectin extract.

Until recently, bio-composites containing powders or fibers obtained mainly from wood-based and natural fiber non-wood based as cellulose-based reinforcements have been reported.

However, natural cellulose reinforcing materials have various characteristics depending on the growth conditions, growth periods, etc. of trees or natural plants, and especially in the case of using these fibers as reinforcing materials, since the composition and size of each fiber are often different. In many cases, each part of the biocomposite material has different characteristics.

Biomass is difficult to produce as a composite material because most of the less thermoplastic and decomposes at 170 ℃ or more.

In addition, there is a concern of forest damage caused by the use of wood-based reinforcement, and side effects due to the cultivation of non-wood-specific special plants such as flax and hemp, which are recently used bioreinforcement as a reinforcement.

Although various patents have been disclosed in connection with conventional synthetic wood, they do not completely solve the above-mentioned problems such as water resistance, cracking, warping and strength, which are expensive, and are expensive to manufacture, and do not sufficiently express wood texture. There is no problem.

Conventional medium-density fiber boards or particle boards are manufactured by mixing wood particles or wood fibers with synthetic resin adhesives and other additives to form a mat and then hot pressing them with a hot press.

However, in order to manufacture wood binders having a thickness of 30 mm to 50 mm due to the nature of the wood fibers, the height of the laminated board must be maintained at least 300 cm.

When the mat of the above-mentioned height is inserted into a compression plate and hot-pressed, the molded board is pushed or collapsed to the side and the molded board shape is destroyed. In addition, in the upper and lower surface portions that are directly subjected to thermal pressure, heat transfer is faster than that of the board center layer, so that the curing of the added thermosetting adhesive is performed quickly, but heat is not transferred from the center layer of the board so that the adhesive is not sufficiently cured. Manufacturing problems that occur and expensive production equipment are used.

Therefore, the manufactured wood board has a severe difference in density from the surface layer to the center layer in the board thickness direction. As a result, the peeling strength is lowered, and there is a problem that the overall dimensional stability such as thickness expansion rate and water absorption rate is lowered.

Therefore, researches for utilizing various bio materials, which are environmentally friendly materials, as high-functional materials have been actively conducted in the world, and research on various composite materials having more excellent and specialized characteristics is needed.

Patent Registration 10-0898066. Patent Registration 10-0578300. Patent Registration 10-0524434. Patent 10-0979376. Patent Registration 10-0324536 Patent Registration 10-0453835. Patent 10-0480539. Patent Registration 10-1047315.

Prospect of industrialized wood construction. Industrialized wooden building design. Development of wood-plastic composites recycled from MDF. Development of Mobile Hanok Method for Modernizing Hanok. Prefabricated Industrialized Housing Plan. Composite new material that is an eco-friendly material for green growth.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for producing a bio-composite that can be used as a building structural material, excellent in environmentally friendly properties, storage modulus, dimensional stability.

Existing research has been limited to increase energy consumption from the production stage to the use stage as the main direction to improve self-performance and to secure comfort by means of facilities. To solve this problem, it is possible to secure residential comfort by producing and distributing excellent composite structural materials through the development of nature-friendly composite materials incorporating technologies from other fields such as bio and energy saving and production facilities.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a biocomposite.

Structural composites show a yield of 52% for LVL, 64% for PSL, and 76% for LSL, while the general yield of lumber is 40%. Therefore, these structural composites, which use wood more efficiently than lumber and structural materials, exhibit uniform strength properties compared to lumber, enabling more reliable construction.

Woods contain a large amount of binding component lignin, but contain less vegetable fiber, which can be used as a reinforcing filler to complement binding properties when combined with wood and non-wood.

Lignin is low in rice straw, straw, etc., 15-20%, jute / 11.8%, sisal / 9.9%, and 20-40% in woody parts such as pine.

With respect to the total weight of the biocomposite structural composition of the present invention for achieving the above object, the middle layer material is 30-50% by weight of the average particle 70-120 mesh biomass powder as a reinforcing material, 25-40% by weight thermoplastic thermoplastic resin powder as a mattress material The composition of 8% by weight of the main material and the mineral powder in the range of 8% to 20% by weight, 5% by weight to 12% by weight of the non-formaldehyde adhesive, and 5% by weight to 10% by weight of the additive is mixed, stirred, laminated, and pressurized.

The surface layer material is a board and structural material by mixing, stirring, laminating, and pressing a composition of biomass (vegetable) long fiber in the range of 2 cm to 7 cm, 15% to 35% by weight, and 8% to 15% by weight of the adhesive to the intermediate layer. It is to provide a method for molding.

Biomass is coir fiber from kenaf, jute, flax, hemp, hemp, palm seed / fruit, kenaf, abaca (abaca), sisal, henequen, ramie, pineapple leaves and bananas, reeds, straw, corn stalks, straw, rice husk, microalgae by-products, seaweed by-products, bamboo fiber or bamboo flour 1 ~ 3 kinds can be selected from flour, by-products and wastes, and cutting and powder can be used. Natural dry moisture content can be used in the range of 25% ~ 30%.

Thermoplastic synthetic resins are selected from polyethylene (PE, polyethylene), polypropylene (PP, polypropylene), polystyrene (PS, polystyrene), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and their wastes. It is available.

The adhesive may be used singly or in combination of one or three selected from tannin adhesives, lignin adhesives, seaweed adhesives, aqueous vinyl urethane adhesives, aqueous acrylic adhesives, urethane adhesives using vegetable oils as polyols, and polyurethane adhesives.

Inorganic fillers can be used as additives by selecting one to three types of mineral mine by-products, elvan, limestone, calcite, fly ash, talc, mica and loess 100-250 mesh ground and waste paper sludge.

Other additives are selected from the group consisting of pigments, antioxidants, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, flame retardants such as boric acid, borax, etc. selected from 2 to 5 types, and added to the use of the above materials and composited biocomposite boards and structural materials It is to manufacture.

In biocomposites, the mechanical properties are highly dependent on factors such as components and process conditions.

In order to produce biocomposite building structural products, the strength of woody plant biomaterials is combined with engineering and production techniques that effectively use lignin.

The types and properties of polymer resins, the type, content, length, orientation of the natural fiber and the method and conditions for forming the product are absolutely important.

In the present invention, the biocomposite constituent material is mixed and stirred with a middle layer material on the upper side of the longitudinal direction of the vegetable long fibers as the surface layer material of the biocomposite board, and the metal pressurized from above and down by supplying steam and heating air from the inside of the laminate. The conveyor belt press 16 is pressurized and molded to produce a biocomposite board continuously.

The present invention relates to a method for continuously manufacturing structural materials such as columns and beams by bending a forming roll installed on a metal conveyor belt at an internal temperature of 80 ° C. or more of a bio-composite board formed by a metal conveyor belt press 16.

The eco-friendly biocomposite structural material produced according to the present invention has shown that the natural fiber is used as a reinforcing material, which is not only environmentally friendly and lightweight, but also improves storage modulus, dimensional stability, water resistance, and bending property.

In addition, biocomposite building structures are less susceptible to attack from pests and therefore can be used for longer periods of time than wood-based composite structures.

Resource limitations of natural wood. Applicable as a bio-composite building structure without logging.

The structural components are distributed more evenly than the defects of wood, resulting in uniform strength properties.

Waste recycling industry. Recyclable product.

Increased demand to take advantage of the materials that can be used as structural materials such as natural wood.

In addition, the manufacturing method of the biocomposite structural material according to the present invention can be easily molded into various forms, and is highly applicable as a reinforcement board, column, beam, insulation / absorption board, prefabricated building material, landscaping material, building interior and exterior material, flooring material and interior material. .

1 is an embodiment of an apparatus for producing a biocomposite structural material.
1 is a schematic illustration of a biocomposite board 18 and a structural pillar 20.

The biocomposite building structural material of the present invention is a natural material and a similar pattern of natural wood and light weight by combining organic binders and inorganic materials other than biomass, thermoplastic polymer matrix resin, and is convenient for transportation and construction.

It is eco-friendly using biomass as the main material, and excellent bonding and high density are made by using thermoplastic resin, thermoplastic and thermosetting adhesive and inorganic powder, so it is not only excellent in strength and elasticity such as tensile strength, bending strength, impact strength, but also swelling. The phenomenon does not occur.

The size of biocomposite building structures depends on production and engineering material processing equipment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 illustrates an embodiment of a biocomposite structural material manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention,

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a biocomposite structural material according to the present invention.

The surface layer material of the biocomposite structural material having a water content of 25 to 30% in the range of the present invention is a cylindrical stirrer (12) inclined by supplying raw materials from a silo (11) in which the biocomposite structural material containing the vegetable long fibers as a main material is stored. ), And the inside of the inclined oscillating quadrangular cylinder 13 is laminated inside the metal pipe 14 on the diesel metal conveyor belt 16.

The laminated component material is oriented by the rotation of the alignment rolls 15 between the metal pipes 14, and the long filamentous vegetation in the range of 2 cm to 7 cm is laminated in the longitudinal direction, and the bio-constituent material is laminated. The raw materials stored in the second silo 11a were mixed and stirred in a cylindrical stirrer provided separately, and laminated on the surface layer stacking material via the inside of the inclined oscillating quadrangular cylinder (not shown). The metal pipe 14 installed at the bottom 1/5 of the material is supplied with steam in the range of 100 ° C to 150 ° C and heated air in the range of 170 ° C to 260 ° C, and simultaneously operated by the metal conveyor belt press 16 to the forming line. Will be transferred,

In this case, the surface layer and the middle layer composite laminated material is provided with guide plates (not shown) on both sides of the metal conveyor belt press 16 while controlling the thickness with a roll scraper 17 to prevent the rolling in the width direction during the compression and transfer process. Molding.

The surface- and middle-layer composite laminates are pressed with a metal conveyor belt press (16) in the range of pre-thickness to 3/3 of the thickness of the biocomposite board to be formed, and then pressurized in the depressurization stage where the stress is relaxed in the range of 3/3. Lower and cool and grind after compression and hardening board.

In addition, it can be manufactured as sandwich insulation board by replacing middle board with organic and inorganic insulation board.

In the molding process, the biocomposite board can be made into 1 to 5 layers to produce a structural board with improved function.

In addition, the metal conveyor belt press (16) in the biocomposite board molding process

,

When molding with a mold groove, it has the characteristics of forming and tiled biocomposite boards with reinforced compressive strength, landscaping materials and interior products.

Forming, bending molding, cooling, polishing, and cutting are continuously performed with a forming roll 19 installed on the metal conveyor belt 16a at an internal temperature of 80 ° C. or higher of the molded biocomposite board. Composite building structural materials can be manufactured.

Columns and beams with a board thickness of 5 mm or more are formed and bent by giving V-shaped grooves to the angle to be bent on the metal conveyor belt press (16) during the molding process. Can be molded and joined to form columns, beams, or the like.

Rods and pipes of metals and non-ferrous metals may be stacked in the middle layer of the pillars and beams in the molding process to be compounded, or may be manufactured by inserting H beams into the pillars and beams.

The metal pipe 14 supplies steam and heating air to dry the biocomposite laminated structural material, and the remaining heat is supplied to the inside of the cylindrical stirrer 12 which is inclined via the vibrating quadrangular cylinder 13. It is characterized by a manufacturing method that improves productivity and saves energy by uniformly mixing and activating the biocomposite and the adhesive.

This molding process makes the surface part dense. The inner layer part has a low density and a board is made. In this case, the internal adhesive force of the board, that is, the peeling strength, is determined by the curing rate of the adhesive according to the steam and heating air temperature, the speed of movement, and the selection of the adhesive in the inclined cylindrical tube. Peel strength and flexural strength of structural material are determined

The interlayer board selects a biomass material having an insulation and sound absorption effect and adds materials such as molding and insulation, sound absorbing synthetic resin and inorganic material to the middle layer material to further relieve stress at a low pressure of the metal conveyor belt press 16. Manufacturing method.

30 to 50% by weight of biomass powder in natural dry moisture content 25 to 30%, 25 to 40% by weight thermoplastic synthetic resin powder, 8 to 20% by weight mineral powder, and 6 to 4 urethane contact agent and aqueous acrylic adhesive After laminating the composition of the mixed adhesive in the range of 5% by weight to 12% by weight and the additive in the range of 5% by weight to 10% by weight to a height of 300 mm using a molding apparatus, the pressure is 30 to 50 kgf / at a temperature range of 170 ° C to 200 ° C. The biocomposite board was manufactured with a thickness of 30 mm and specific gravity of 0.8 by applying cm 2.

Wood block was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, with the addition of 2 cm to 7 cm long vegetable fiber, 15% to 35% by weight.

The specific gravity of the biocomposite board according to Example 1 was 0.86 and the flexural strength was 193.02 kgf / cm 2.

The specific gravity of the biocomposite board according to Example 1 was 0.89 and the flexural strength was 219.02kgf / cm 2.

The biocomposite building structural material of the present invention can be widely used in industrial applications, and is particularly easy to construct in industrial sites that require various types of structures.

In addition, the biocomposite building structural material of the present invention can be more actively used in industrial sites, wooden houses and prefabricated hanok that require aesthetic effects.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be variously modified and changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the claims below.

Description of the Related Art
14 metal pipe 15 alignment roll
16: metal conveyor belt press 17: roll scraper
19: forming roll

Claims

In the biocomposite surface material of the present invention, the metal pipe on the metal conveyor belt (16) is passed through a quadrangular cylinder (13) which is supplied with raw material from the stored silo (11) and mixed and stirred in an inclined cylindrical stirrer (12). 14) lamination and lamination of the vegetative long fiber orientation and the raw material with the alignment roll 15, the intermediate layer material is a composite lamination of the raw material stored in the second silo (11a) on the surface layer material via a separate path:
In the metal pipe 14 installed at the lower 1/5 point of the composite laminate, steam in the range of 100 ° C. to 150 ° C. and heating air in the range of 170 ° C. to 260 ° C. and a metal conveyor belt press 16 pressurized up and down. Biocomposite board forming step of hard pressing to 3/3 range after overpressure in the range of preload to 4/3 of the thickness of biocomposite board:
Bending, forming, forming, cooling, polishing and cutting with a forming roll 19 installed on the metal conveyor belt 16a at an internal temperature of 80 ° C. or higher of the biocomposite board to continuously form the biocomposite structural material in the form of columns and beams. How to make.

In the bio-composite board molding process of claim 1, the metal conveyor belt press (i6)

,

A manufacturing method for forming a groove of a model.

A method for manufacturing a composite board of claim 1, wherein one to three species are selected from among organic, inorganic insulation, iron, and nonferrous metal rods and pipes.

The biocomposite structural member of claim 1 is provided with a V-shaped groove corresponding to the angle to be bent to the metal conveyor belt press 16 during the forming process, and the forming and bending, and the joining of the structural member are performed by forming a finger joint or a fist joint at both ends of the board. And a method of selecting one to three kinds of H-beams into the insides of bars, pipe laminations, pillars and beams of metal and nonferrous metals in the middle layer.

The biocomposite structural material composition of claim 1 has a biomass powder of 30 to 50% by weight, vegetable long island 15% to 35% by weight, thermoplastic synthetic resin powder 25 to 40% by weight, mineral powder 8 to 20% by weight, adhesive 5% by weight A method for producing a board and a structural material by mixing, stirring, laminating, and pressing a composition in a range of 15% by weight to 15% by weight and an additive in a range of 5% by weight to 10% by weight.