KR20090071744A - Vacant Parking Space Identification and Information System - Google Patents
Vacant Parking Space Identification and Information System Download PDFInfo
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- KR20090071744A KR20090071744A KR1020070139624A KR20070139624A KR20090071744A KR 20090071744 A KR20090071744 A KR 20090071744A KR 1020070139624 A KR1020070139624 A KR 1020070139624A KR 20070139624 A KR20070139624 A KR 20070139624A KR 20090071744 A KR20090071744 A KR 20090071744A
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- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
- G08G1/145—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas
- G08G1/148—Management of a network of parking areas
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
- G08G1/149—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas coupled to means for restricting the access to the parking space, e.g. authorization, access barriers, indicative lights
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Abstract
본 발명은 정보통신기술을 이용하여 대단위 주차장에서 주차장에 진입하는 차량의 운전자에게 주차가능 지역을 알려주는 무인 자동주차 관리 시스템이다. 시스템의 구성은 (1) 각각의 주차구역 바닥 혹은 천장에 설치되어 주차 여부를 감지하고 주차 지역 주소 정보를 송신 및 인접 주차지역에서 송신되는 정보를 수신하여 중계하는 무선 센서부, (2) 주차 구역별로 주차 정보를 수집하고 주차공간 정보를 표시하는 중간 구역정보 수집부 및 안내표시부, (3) 중간 정보 수집부에서 수집된 정보를 통해 전체 주차 정보를 대형 모니터 화면 또는 구역별 주차 가능 LED에 표시하여 주차 안내 정보 및 처리를 담당하는 전체 주차안내 표시부로 구성된다. The present invention is an unmanned automatic parking management system that informs a driver of a parking area to a driver of a vehicle entering a parking lot in a large parking lot using information and communication technology. The system consists of (1) a wireless sensor unit installed on the floor or ceiling of each parking area to detect parking and transmitting parking area address information and receiving information transmitted from adjacent parking areas, and (2) parking area. Intermediate zone information collector and guide display unit that collects parking information for each vehicle and displays parking space information. (3) Through the information collected by the intermediate information collector, the entire parking information is displayed on the large monitor screen or the parking available LED by zone. It is composed of the entire parking guidance display unit in charge of parking guidance information and processing.
Description
적외선 혹은 초음파를 이용하여 자동차의 주차 유무를 확인 후 수집된 정보는 ZigBee 트랜시버를 이용하여 전송하며 전송된 데이타는 자신의 주변노드에게 멀티홉 통신 방식으로 전송되고 정보수집부에 의해 전송된 데이타를 수집하여 안내표시부에서는 제어부를 이용하여 자동차의 주차 가능한 공간 수를 표시함과 동시에 주차가능한 공간 수가 있을 경우 진입 여부를 나타내는 화살표 표시등을 켬으로서 자동차의 주차공간 진입 여부를 알려준다. After checking whether the car is parked by using infrared or ultrasonic waves, the collected information is transmitted using ZigBee transceiver. The transmitted data is transmitted to the neighboring nodes by multi-hop communication and collected by the information collector. In addition, the guide display unit displays the number of available parking spaces of the car by using a control unit, and at the same time, if there is a parking space available, the arrow lights indicating whether or not to enter the parking space to inform whether the car has entered.
ZigBee 무선 통신 기술은 센서 네트워크(USN)의 주요 기술로서 낮은 전력 소모와 빠른 응답 속도를 갖는 기술이다. ZigBee를 이용하게 되면 한 노드에 최대 65000여개의 자식 노드를 연결할 수 있고 빠른 응답 속도(0.3초)로 인해 수집된 정보 데이타를 전송함으로서 즉각적으로 시스템이 작동 될 수 있다.ZigBee wireless communication technology is the main technology of the sensor network (USN), which has low power consumption and fast response speed. With ZigBee, up to 65,000 child nodes can be connected to one node and the system can be immediately activated by transmitting collected information data due to fast response speed (0.3 seconds).
LCD나 LED는 주변에서 일반적으로 널리 사용되는 장치로서 쉽게 이용할 수 있다. 최상위 노드(도면2 에서 Main)는 자식노드를 최대 65000여를 가질수 있고 또 자식노드는(도면2에서 1층을 총괄하는 노드) 아래 자식노드를 65000여개 가질수 있 는 네트워크를 구성할 수 있다. 즉 같은 PAN을 이루는 네트워크 노드들의 PAN ID를 같이 함으로서 부모노드는 자식 노드들을 관리할 수 있으며 다른 PAN 과의 접속을 차단할 수 있다. 이런 장점을 이용하면 각 구획별로 주차공간을 나누고 구획들이 하나의 부모노드에 의해 관리되고 또 상위 부모노드는 자식 부모노드들을 관리함으로서 수집 데이타를 효율적으로 관리할 수 있다.LCDs and LEDs are readily available as devices commonly used in the environment. The top node (Main in Figure 2) can have a maximum of 65000 child nodes, and the child node can form a network that can have more than 65000 child nodes (nodes covering the first floor in Figure 2). That is, by sharing the PAN IDs of the network nodes forming the same PAN, the parent node can manage the child nodes and can block the connection with other PANs. Using this advantage, it is possible to efficiently manage the collected data by dividing the parking space by each compartment, the compartments are managed by one parent node, and the parent parent node manages the child parent nodes.
ZigBee 는 Event 를 통해 일어난 동작을 처리할 수 있고 또한 주기적으로 타이머를 동작시켜 행해진 동작을 할 수 있게 한다. ZigBee can handle the action that takes place through the Event and also enable the action that is done by running the timer periodically.
백화점이나 큰 빌딩에는 많은 주차장들이 있으며 이런 주차장은 사람에 의하여 안내되고 관리되어 진다. 많은 차들로 채워진 주차시설들은 배기 가스로 인한 오염 뿐아니라 주차 시설에서 관리하는 인력들의 건강상의 문제를 야기할 수 있고 또 수작업으로 주차안내가 처리되므로 주차공간 파악 및 안내에 신속함이 떨어질 수 밖에 없다. 이런 문제를 해결하고 주차 인력을 줄임과 동시에 통신 시스템을 이용하여 효과적으로 주차장을 관리하고자 한다. There are many parking lots in department stores and large buildings, and these parking lots are guided and managed by people. Parking lots filled with cars can not only be polluted by the exhaust gas, but also cause health problems for the personnel managed by the parking facilities. . In order to solve this problem and reduce the number of parking personnel, the parking system will be effectively managed using a communication system.
각 주차공간에 설치된 센서가 달린 ZigBee 통신 모듈을 이용하여 주차공간에 자동차의 주차 유무를 확인하고 이 정보를 ZigBee 통신 트랜시버를 이용하여 무선으로 보냄으로서 주차 안내 표시부가 달린 중간 정보 수집부는 정보를 수집함과 동시에 빈 공간의 유무와 함께 주차 진입의 여부를 안내하게 된다. The ZigBee communication module with sensors installed in each parking space is used to check whether the car is parked in the parking space and to send this information wirelessly using the ZigBee communication transceiver. At the same time, it will guide whether there is an empty space or not.
주차를 안내하는 인력을 줄임과 동시에 기존의 인력들이 갖는 건강상의 해로움을 해결할 수 있고 수작업으로 이루어지는 주차 안내 및 확인을 자동적으로 통신 시스템을 이용함으로써 보다 원할하게 주차 안내를 수행할 수 있다.While reducing the manpower to guide parking, it is possible to solve the health hazards of the existing manpower, and parking guidance can be performed more smoothly by using a communication system for automatic parking guidance and confirmation.
도면을 설명함으로서 각 구성과 동작을 설명한다.By explaining the drawings, each configuration and operation will be described.
도면1은 한층의 주차공간을 간략하게 나타내는 그림이다. 먼저 각 주차공간 위에(천장면) 또는 바닥에 통신부 모듈(S1)을 장착한다. 다른 통신부 모듈 역시 각 주차공간에 장착함으로서 서로간의 통신을 원할히 하게 하며 센싱을 하게 한다.1 is a diagram briefly showing an additional parking space. First, the communication module S1 is mounted on each parking space (ceiling surface) or on the floor. Other communication module modules are also mounted in each parking space to facilitate communication and sensing with each other.
여기서 센싱은 초음파나 적외선 등을 이용하여 자동차의 주차 유무를 확인하게 하며 수집된 정보는 도면 3에서 보듯이 MCU에게 전달되고 통신부(ZigBee 트랜시버)를 이용하여 전송하게 된다. MCU는 센싱된 정보의 수신 및 각 블럭을 제어하는 역할을 하게 된다.In this case, the sensing is used to check whether the vehicle is parked by using ultrasonic waves or infrared rays, and the collected information is transmitted to the MCU as shown in FIG. 3 and transmitted using a communication unit (ZigBee transceiver). The MCU is responsible for receiving the sensed information and controlling each block.
도면 2는 각 구역별로 계층화 하는 그림이다. 예를 들어 1층에는 1-1,1-2,1-3 등과 같은 구획을 나누고 그 아래에 각 노드의 번호를 부여함으로서 주차공간을 구분한다. 그리고 PAN ID를 각 구역별로 부여함으로서 각 구역안에서만 통신이 가능한 Personal Area Network가 구성되게 된다. 그리고 각 노드는 차례대로 번호를 부여한다. 그 이유는 각 노드의 아이디가 차례대로 부여함으로서 각 노드에게 정보를 전달하게 되고 만약 옆 노드가 배터리 문제로 인하여 통신할 수 없을 경우 그 옆 노드에게 전달함으로서 멀티 홉 통신시 생기는 오류를 예방함과 동시에 수집된 노드에서는 어느 노드가 동작하지 않는지 판별할 수 있다.2 is a diagram layered on each zone. For example, parking spaces are divided on the first floor by dividing sections such as 1-1,1-2,1-3, and assigning the number of each node below. By assigning a PAN ID to each zone, a personal area network that can communicate only within each zone is constructed. Each node is then numbered in turn. The reason is that the ID of each node is assigned to each node in order to deliver information to each node. If the next node cannot communicate due to battery problems, it delivers to the next node to prevent errors during multi-hop communication. In the collected node, it is possible to determine which node does not work.
예를 들어 도면 1에서 보여지는 그림에서 1-1 주차공간 안내표시부의 동작을 살펴보자. 각 통신부의 노드 아이다가 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 으로 노드 아이디를 정한다. 그리고 각 노드는 자동차의 주차 유무를 센싱하고 센싱된 데이타는 옆노드에게 전달된다. 즉 10번 노드가 데이타를 수집하면 옆 노드인 9번에게 전달되고 9번에게 전달된 데이타는 10번 노드의 데이타와 함께 자기노드(9번)가 수집된 정보를 포함해서 함께 보내게 된다. 이렇게 함으로써 차례대로 정보가 쌓이게 되고 마 지막으로 주차공간 표시 안내부에 수집된 정보를 처리하여 빈 주차공간 수와 함께 진입여부를 표시하게 된다. For example, look at the operation of the 1-1 parking space guide display in the figure shown in FIG. The node ID of each communication unit determines the node ID as 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10. Each node senses whether the car is parked and the sensed data is delivered to the next node. That is, when node 10 collects data, it is sent to the next node, 9, and the data transmitted to 9 is sent along with the data of node 10 along with the information collected by node 10. By doing so, information is accumulated in order, and finally, the information collected in the parking space display guide is processed to indicate whether the parking space is entered along with the number of empty parking spaces.
여기서 가령 10번 노드 데이타를 9번노드에게 전달하였지만 9번노드가 배터리의 전력이 없어 10번노드의 데이타를 받지 못할 경우 여러번(10번정도) 시도한후 응답이 없을경우(ACK 가 없을경우- ACK는 보내진 신호를 받았다고 송신자 다시 보내는 신호) 10번 노드는 8번 노드에게 정보를 전달하게 된다. 이렇게 함으로서 주차공간 안내표시부(1-1)은 현재 데이타를 통해 통신부의 작동 유무를 확인함과 동시에 데이타를 처리할 수 있다.For example, if node 10 data is delivered to node 9, but node 9 does not have battery power and no data is received from node 10, after several attempts (about 10 times), there is no response (no ACK). Node 10 sends the information back to
각 구역의 1-1, 1-2, 1-3은 1층이라는 수집 노드에게 모아진 정보를 전송하고 각층 노드들은 각층에서 모아진 정보를 Main 노드에게 전달하면 Main 노드는 수집된 정보를 가지고 수리 혹은 데이타 통계 및 주창 공간에 대한 정보를 얻게 된다. 1-1, 1-2, 1-3 of each zone transmit the collected information to the collection node called the first floor, and each floor node delivers the information collected from each floor to the main node, and the main node has the collected information for repair or data. You get information about statistics and advocate space.
도면 3에서의 통신부 모듈은 센싱부를 두고, 센싱부는 초음파나 적외선 센서를 이용하여 자동차의 주차 유무를 확인하고 MCU는 센싱 정보를 통신부(ZigBee 모듈)를 통해 전송할 수 있게 제어하는 역학을 하게 된다.The communication module of FIG. 3 has a sensing unit, and the sensing unit checks whether the vehicle is parked by using an ultrasonic wave or an infrared sensor, and the MCU performs dynamics to control the sensing information to be transmitted through the communication unit (ZigBee module).
도면 4는 각 구역에 설치된 주차공간 안내 표시부를 나타내는 그림으로서 4 is a view showing the parking space guidance display unit installed in each zone
ZigBee 통신부를 통해 각 구역의 정보를 수집하고 수집된 정보를 통하여 남은 주차 공간의 수를 표시 함과 동시에 화살표의 LED를 켬으로서 자동차 진입을 안내하게 된다. 주차공간의 수를 표시하는 표시부의 숫자가 0일경우는 주차공간이 없음을 나타냄으로 직진하라는 화살표는 켜게 한다.ZigBee communication unit collects the information of each zone and shows the number of parking spaces remaining through the collected information and guides the entry of the car by turning on the LED of the arrow. If the number indicating the number of parking spaces is 0, it indicates that there is no parking space.
도면 5은 통신부 모듈의 동작 상태를 나태내는 블럭도이다.5 is a block diagram showing an operation state of a communication module.
차량 유무를 확인한후 데이타를 옆 노드에게 전달하고 ACK를 받게되면 타이머를 작동시키고 주기적으로 데이타를 센싱하여 전달하게 된다. ACK가 없을경우는 다음 옆 노드를 선택하여 전송하게 된다.After confirming the presence of the vehicle and transmitting the data to the next node and receiving an ACK, the timer is activated and the data is periodically sensed and transmitted. If there is no ACK, the next next node is selected and transmitted.
안내 표시부 동작은 수집된 정보를 판별하여 LCD 또는 LED에 표시하게 되고 또 다시 들어오는 데이타를 갱신하여 다시 판별하여 동작을 수행한다.The guide display unit determines the collected information and displays the information on the LCD or LED, and updates the incoming data again to determine again.
도면 6은 보내고자하는 데이타 패킷 형식으로서 자신의 노드 ID(2byte)와 함께 주차여부를 나타내는 1byte를 보내고 옆노드인 주변 노드는 수신된 패킷에 자신의 노드 ID와 주차 여부를 나타내는 값을 덧붙여 전송하게 된다.Figure 6 shows the data packet format to send and sends 1 byte indicating whether to park with its own node ID (2 bytes), and neighboring nodes that are next nodes add their node ID and parking value to the received packet. do.
최종적으로 주차공간 안내 표시부에서는 수신된 데이타를 가지고 처리를 하게 된다.Finally, the parking space guide display unit processes the received data.
도1 은 아파트 혹은 백화점 및 여러 주창장의 일반적인 모습과 함께 센서가 달린 ZigBee 통신부 모듈의 위치도와 함께 주차 공간안내 표시부 설치 위치를 나태내는 도면이다.1 is a view showing the installation location of the parking space guidance display unit with the position diagram of the ZigBee communication module with a sensor, together with the general appearance of the apartment or department store and several main window.
도2 는 각 메인 단말기에서 각층으로 자식 노드를 두고 각층 노드에서는 다시 구역별로 자식노드를 두고 구역노드는 주차공간을 자식 노드로 두는 계층구조를 나타낸다.2 illustrates a hierarchical structure in which a main node has child nodes in each floor, each node has child nodes for each zone, and a zone node has a parking space as a child node.
도3은 ZigBee 통신을 이용한 모듈의 단말 구성도이다.3 is a terminal configuration diagram of a module using ZigBee communication.
도4는 센싱된 정보를 통신부를 통해 받은 데이타를 수집하여 주차 공간 안내를 나타내는 표시부 이다.4 is a display unit showing the parking space guidance by collecting the data received through the communication unit sensed information.
도5는 ZigBee 통신 모둘의 동작도와 안내표시부의 동작 흐름도를 나타낸다.5 is an operation flowchart of a ZigBee communication module and an operation flowchart of a guide display unit.
도 6은 보내고자 하는 데이타 구조이다.6 is a data structure to be sent.
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| CN102982697A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-03-20 | 浙江大学 | Device for automatically detecting berth status of parking lot |
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