KR200425757Y1 - Optimum Septic Tank in Wastewater Treatment Area - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a single purification tank, which is a facility for treating sewage from the flush toilet by precipitation and decomposition, and more specifically, it consists of anaerobic tank, sedimentation tank, bulkhead and inlet pipe, moving pipe, and outlet pipe. The present invention is a simple purification tank having a simple structure suitable for the sewage treatment zone, and reduces the installation time and maintenance cost by reducing the residence time compared to the existing single purification tank, and makes it possible to easily discharge the sewage from the sewage pipe to the sewage pipe. It is possible to increase the efficiency of the treatment plant.

Single Purification Tank, Sewage Treatment Zone, Bulkhead, Total Effective Capacity, Cost Reduction

Description

Optimum Septic Tank in Wastewater Treatment Area

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a single purification tank of the present invention,

2 is a plan view of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional concrete material decay tank type single purification tank,

4 is a plan view of FIG.

5 is a graph comparing the construction cost of the conventional decay tank type single purification tank and the present invention single purification tank,

6 is a flow chart showing a treatment system of domestic sewage inside and outside the sewage treatment zone.

* Description of Drawing Symbols *

1: anaerobic tank 2: settling tank

3: bulkhead 4, 4 ': inlet pipe

5: transfer pipe 6, 6 ': outlet pipe

7, 7 ', 7 ": Lid 8: Vent

9: sludge H: effective depth

11: decay room 12: digestion room

13: filtration chamber

The present invention relates to a single purification tank, which is a facility for treating sewage from a flush toilet by sedimentation and decomposition, and more specifically, includes an anaerobic tank, a sedimentation tank, a partition wall and an inflow pipe, a moving pipe, and an outflow pipe. The present invention is a simple purification tank having a simple structure suitable for sewage treatment zone, and it reduces the installation time and maintenance cost by reducing the residence time compared to the existing single purification tank, and makes the sewage excluding wastes to be easily discharged to the sewage pipe. Can be increased.

As the standard of living improves due to lifestyle changes and income increase, conventional toilets in urban areas and rural areas decrease, and flush toilets increase, and manure effluent is becoming a major source of water pollution along with living sewage. Sewage is a national emissions by 2003 14 961 1000 m ³ / d with dual 11994 1 000 m ³ / d and is discharged into the sewage treatment area, becoming 2966 1000 m ³ / d wastewater discharged outside the area. About 80% of all sewage is discharged into the sewage treatment area. In addition, the number of single septic tanks in the country is 2774,000, and the number of facilities installed in the sewage treatment area is 1992,000, which is about 72% installed in the sewage treatment area.

Figure 6 shows the treatment system of domestic sewage inside and outside the sewage treatment area of Korea. Within the sewage treatment area, sewage and manure are directly introduced into sewage pipes without sewage treatment facilities in sedimentation areas, and are transferred to sewage treatment plants. In the confluence area, sewage water is transferred to sewage treatment plants and discharged to sewage treatment plants. Outside the sewage treatment area, sewage and manure are treated by sewage treatment facilities.

In the sewage treatment area, sewage and sewage sewers are discharged directly to sewage treatment plant with sewage and manure, while combined sewage sewers are mandatory to install a single septic tank due to various problems that occur in the sewage system. You must install it.

The single septic tank, which is the subject of this study, is a facility that must be installed in the sewage treatment area where the contaminated sewage and sewage conduits are installed as shown in FIG. "Sweet Septic Tank" means a facility that treats sewage from flush toilets by methods such as sedimentation and decomposition (Aerobic Biological Methods, Anaerobic Biological Methods, etc.). Act No. 2 on the Treatment of Sewage, Manure and Livestock Wastewater. The term is defined in the article.

However, if a building built at a time that was not included in the sewage treatment area is incorporated into the sewage treatment area, and the sewage pipe is a sewage sewage system, the sewage treatment facilities and single-septic tanks that have already been installed may take measures such as draining the sewage to the public sewer. After that, if they report to the mayor, munition, or ward head, they can open the road. If the conduit is installed, the sewage treatment facilities that are already installed can be closed, but the single septic tank cannot be closed.

In the case of a single septic tank that cannot be closed because it is installed in the contaminated sewage and sewage system, there are problems such as securing the land of the owner, burden of treatment and installation costs, deterioration of treatment efficiency due to poor load in the sewage treatment plant, and odor generation. .

Problems in the complete abolition of the single septic tank in the sewage treatment area include increased sediment due to manure input in the combined sewage pipe, odor inducement due to decay in the conduit, and water pollution due to the discharge of sediment by overflow water during rainfall. The manure is introduced into the combined sewage pipe without passing through the septic tank, and if the flow rate is low, it will settle, but within the conduit it will be biologically decomposed to obtain the required water cross-sectional area. In practice, it is expected that closure of conduits will be more likely to be caused by contaminants that are not biologically degraded than by manure.

In areas where sediments containing high concentrations of organic substances such as live manure accumulate in congested sewers or in areas with high congestion, odors are feared and harmful insects such as flies and mosquitoes are likely to occur. Therefore, the manure generated in the flush toilet within the conduit sewer is required to develop a suitable single septic tank to remove the contaminants to some extent and to properly inject the digested manure with less odor. In the sewage treatment area, the independent septic tank is economical to residents due to the expense of the owner's installation cost according to the installation standard of the septic tank, the payment of fines if the discharge water quality standard is not met, the electricity fee for the maintenance of the septic tank, and the cleaning cost. However, due to the burden, it is inconsistent with the equity of local residents who are exempt from installing or needing to install septic tank.

In addition, Figure 3 and Figure 4 shows the existing decontamination tank type single purification tank, the sewage flows into the first decaying tank and then through the digestion chamber is discharged through the filtration chamber. Table 1 shows an example of the effective capacity of the decay tank type single septic tank according to the users. This conventional single purification tank is composed of a decay chamber, a digestion chamber, a filtration chamber takes a long residence time, the effective capacity due to the residence time is also increased. Due to the total effective capacity, there is a drawback that the installation cost is high, and the treatment effect by the filtration chamber is little.

Number of people used (person) shape Height (H), length (L) (mm) Diameter (D) (mm) Effective capacity (㎥) 5 Cylindrical (vertical) 1730 (H) 1070 1.21 15 1820 (H) 1500 2.66 20 2100 (H) 1500 3.15 25 1600 (H) 2000 4.05 30 1780 (H) 2000 4.61 40 Cylindrical (vertical) 2680 (L) 1800 5.74 50 3230 (L) 1800 7.06

The function of the single septic tank in the sewage treatment zone does not need to have high water treatment performance of more than 50% of BOD removal efficiency unlike the existing single septic tank, and no biologically degradable contaminants should flow into the conduit and the effluent discharged from the single septic tank. Odor should be low within conduits, simple structure and easy maintenance, and economic burden on residents should be reduced by reducing the cost of installation and maintenance.

Therefore, the present invention was devised to solve the problems of the conventional septic tank, and without partitioning the digestion chamber and the filtration chamber, the bulkhead was placed in a chamber similar to the decay chamber, divided into an anaerobic tank and a sedimentation tank to remove contaminants introduced into the sewer pipe, and a septic tank. It is intended to provide an independent septic tank that discharges effluent to sewage pipes to increase the treatment efficiency of the sewage treatment plant and reduce installation and maintenance costs.

The present invention aims to improve treatment efficiency and reduce the burden on residents by researching and developing a simple type of single septic tank applicable to the conduited conduit area within the sewage treatment area.

The single purification tank in the sewage treatment zone of the present invention for achieving the above object is installed in the container-shaped body with the lid open and closed at the top and the partition wall separating the interior space into the anaerobic tank and the settling tank, and the manure into the anaerobic tank It consists of a "┫" shaped inlet pipe for inflow, an "┣" shaped moving pipe for moving the manure from the anaerobic tank to the sedimentation tank, and an outlet pipe for outflowing the manure from the anaerobic tank to the outside.

The anaerobic tank is formed two to three times the capacity of the sedimentation tank,

The opening of the lower side of the anaerobic tank of the “┫” shaped inlet pipe is formed at a depth of 1/3 to 1/2 of the effective depth from the surface of the water,

The lower opening of the anaerobic tank side of the "┣" -shaped moving tube is characterized in that formed from 1/2 to 3/5 of the effective depth from the water surface.

In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the effective capacity of the single purification tank is at least 0.75m ³ , and the effective depth is 1 to 3m.

In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the diameter of the "┫" -shaped inlet pipe, the "┣" -shaped moving tube and the outlet tube is 10cm or more.

In the single purification tank of the present invention, the diluted manure is introduced into the anaerobic tank through the inlet pipe, as shown in FIG. 1, and then decomposed by sedimentation and anaerobic digestion, and the contaminants are removed by the partition wall, and the untreated effluent is easily removed by conduit. It is discharged to increase the influent concentration of sewage treatment plant to improve the treatment efficiency of sewage treatment plant.

The characteristics of the single septic tank to be installed in the combined sewage pipe show a positive function in which the problems of the conventional single septic tank are improved as follows. That is, the problem that the efficiency of the sewage treatment plant is lowered due to the low concentration of the influent water quality, which was considered as a negative function when installing a conventional single purification tank, can increase the treatment efficiency by increasing the concentration of the influent sewage treatment plant. Every year, maintenance costs such as cleaning and electricity costs have been an economic burden on the residents. The single-septic tank of the present invention can reduce the burden of residents by reducing installation and maintenance costs due to the simple structure and size reduction (about 1/2). have. In addition, the problem of combined Sewer Overflows ("CSO") during rainfall is mainly due to pollutants that are not biologically decomposed rather than organic substances due to manure inflow. Removing only the contaminants can overcome the problems of CSO and closure of conduits caused by high concentrations of septic effluent.

 division  Conventional single septic tank  Inventive single septic tank Water treatment function BOD removal efficiency 50 ~ 65% high removal efficiency required by various methods It does not expect the efficiency of removing water treatment of a single septic tank because it is required to remove impurities. Linkage with Sewage Treatment Plant Degradation of influent water quality due to inflow of unknown water due to poor sewage pipe drainage and insufficient role of single purification tank water treatment function Increased treatment plant efficiency due to reduced sewage treatment plant inflow due to reduced water treatment function Rainfall Overflow Problem (CSO) Soybeans are introduced into conduits rather than manure during rainfall, so pollutants that are not biologically decomposed during CSO problems are discharged to the stream. CSO problem by organic matter is not serious because manure contaminants are removed to some extent and biological organic matter is decomposed in conduits Economic burden Maintenance costs such as installation and cleaning of new single septic tanks are heavy to residents.In the case of single septic tanks that cannot be closed, it is difficult to secure the landlord's site. The structure and size of the decayed tank are reduced by about half, which saves installation and maintenance costs for the residents. Odor problem Less odor generation problem in the septic tank runoff As the decayed tank has some degree of extinguishing function and organic matter is decomposed in the pipe, it is not expected to be serious.

Considering the BOD removal efficiency due to the proper residence time in the single septic tank, the BOD removal efficiency is expected to be more than 30% when the residence time is about 12 hours. However, the shorter the residence time, the greater the amount of sludge produced, so that the optimal residence time is considered to be one day in consideration of the amount of sludge accumulated in the tank. Therefore, the total effective capacity of the present invention alone purification tank is reduced by half compared to the two-day residence time of the conventional decay alone purification tank.

It is thought that it is desirable to determine the capacity of the single purification tank by the number of people because it is common to use the current number of people rather than the residence time. In this case, the residence time of the single purification tank of the present invention was reduced by half compared to the residence time of the conventional decay tank method.At least the five-person tank size was reduced from 1.5㎥ to 0.75㎥ ³ to 1/2, and the excess capacity was also 5 The addition capacity of 0.5 m 3 or more per person was reduced to 0.25 m 3 or more per person. When the minimum size of the new single septic tank of the present invention is 0.75㎥, it is expected that there is no difficulty in the hydraulic structure of the tank, the problem of the tank production, etc. There was no big problem.

The structure and specifications of the single septic tank of the present invention were derived based on the following principles.

First, the effective capacity is 0.75m 3 or more, and when the number of people to be treated exceeds 5 people, the capacity is added to 0.25m 3 or more per 5 people.

Second, the effective depth is 1 m or more and 3 m or less, the position of the opening of the inlet pipe is to be one third to one half of the effective depth from the water surface, the position of the outlet pipe opening is the water level.

Third, the location of the bulkhead is installed at 2/3 or 3/4 of the total effective capacity so that the capacity of the anaerobic tank is 2-3 times the capacity of the settling tank.

Fourth, the inlet pipe is installed as a "┫" shaped pipe when the "T" is rotated toward the inlet side, that is, the inlet is left, so that the blockage of the pipe can be checked, and the diameter of the pipe is 10 cm. It is preferable that it is above. If the length of the inlet “길이” shaped pipe is made too long, it may impede the inflow of sewage due to the accumulation of sludge. If it is made too short, the pipe may be clogged due to scum generated at the top of the sewage. It should be 1/3 to 1/2 of the effective depth of the anaerobic tank.

Fifth, the moving pipe is installed as a "┣" shaped pipe when the "T" shape is rotated toward the settling tank side, that is, the anaerobic tank is on the left side and the settling tank is on the right side, so that the blockage of the pipe can be checked. It is preferable that the diameter of a tube is 10 cm or more. The lower end of the pipe shall be 1/2 to 3/5 of the effective depth of the anaerobic tank from the surface of the water to prevent scum removal at the top and to prevent sludge accumulation at the bottom.

Sixth, anaerobic and sedimentation tanks should be provided with lids to remove sludge.

Seventh, it is preferable to provide a ventilation port in a single purification tank.

The single purification tank of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a very simple structure and a small installation area, and functions as follows. First, the manure is introduced into the anaerobic tank 1 through the inlet pipe 4. The lower end of the inlet pipe, that is, the lower side under the water surface of the anaerobic tank, is preferably formed at about 1/3 to 1/2 of the effective depth from the water surface so as not to be blocked by the sludge layer 9 in the anaerobic tank. The manure that has been in the anaerobic tank for a certain time and has undergone the anaerobic digestion process is separated into sludge and liquid part, and then settling tank having a capacity of 1/2 to 1/3 of the effective capacity of the anaerobic tank through a moving tube (5) formed in the partition wall (2). Is moved to). The anaerobic tank and the settling tank are not completely blocked, but a space is formed in the upper part of the partition 3. This open structure is advantageous in terms of cost reduction and maintenance. The lower end of the moving tube 5, that is, the lower side under the surface of the anaerobic tank, is preferably formed at 1/2 to 3/5 of the effective depth of the anaerobic tank from the surface of the water to prevent the sludge 9 accumulated on the lower side. Solid-liquid separation is carried out in the sedimentation tank 2 for a fixed time. It is important to remove the contaminants other than organic matter and send them to sewage pipes. In this design, a bulkhead is formed between the anaerobic tank (1) and the sedimentation tank (2) to prevent the contaminants from passing from the anaerobic tank to the sedimentation tank, and some floating contaminants are located near the surface of the anaerobic tank. Because it is located in the anaerobic manure is not allowed to enter the moving pipe when passing through the "┣" shaped moving pipe, it is not possible to enter the sewer pipe. The treated water of the upper layer which has undergone the sedimentation treatment is discharged to the sewage pipe outside the single purification tank through the outflow pipe 6, and then transferred to the sewage treatment plant. In the single purification tank, lids 7 and 7 'are formed at the top of the anaerobic tank and the settling tank to treat sludge or scum, and that the inflow pipe 4, the moving pipe 5, and the outflow pipe 6 are blocked or damaged. Allow for maintenance and repair.

The single purification tank may be formed of a concrete material, or may be formed of a reinforced plastic material such as FRP. The material of the inflow pipe, the moving pipe, and the outflow pipe is preferably plastic.

If the existing sewage treatment facility is to be closed in the sewage treatment area in the sewage treatment area, a separate septic tank should be installed and operated separately.In this case, the sewage treatment pipe installed in the building and the pipe connecting to the single septic tank should be separately buried. The new septic tanks should be converted into new ones.

The replacement cost bearer compares the initial installation cost and the post-installation operation cost. When a small sewage treatment plant installs a new stand-alone septic tank, the operation cost exceeds the initial installation cost in a short period of time. Will try. On the other hand, in case of large sewage treatment facilities (eg, apartment area), the initial installation cost is excessive and the maintenance fee must be collected continuously. However, if the existing sewage treatment plant is replaced with a single septic tank of the present design, the size is reduced by half compared to the existing septic tank, and thus the initial installation cost is also reduced. Expenses are expected to decrease significantly.

In Korea, a single septic tank of less than 100 persons occupies most of them, and the construction cost of the present invention alone is about 30-40% lower than that of a conventional septic tank (see FIG. 5).

Residents have been burdened with the costs of installing and operating existing single septic tanks in the sewage treatment areas in the sewage treatment area. It is desirable to subsidize the appropriate cost when installing, in this case it is expected that the septic tank supply of the present invention will be activated.

In addition, the existing single purification tank only considers the treatment efficiency and does not take into account the relationship with the sewage treatment plant. Therefore, the sewage with low concentration water quality that is less than the concentration planned in the sewage treatment plant flows into the sewage treatment plant, which does not satisfy the proper operating conditions. There is a problem that decreases the treatment efficiency and requires additional treatment (Sewage Treatment Facility Management Report, 2004, Ministry of Environment). This causes a double cost burden for the operation of additional sewage treatment plants and the installation of a single septic tank. The single purification tank of the present invention solves the problem that the efficiency of the sewage treatment plant is deteriorated due to the low concentration of influent water quality when the existing single purification tank is installed.

The septic tank of the present invention is expected to solve the above-mentioned problems with low installation cost by increasing the influent concentration in the sewage treatment plant by discharging the high concentration effluent into the sewage pipe and simultaneously reducing the size to about 1/2.

Claims (3)

A container-shaped main body with a lid open and close at the upper part, a partition wall installed inside the main body to separate the space inside the main body into an anaerobic tank and a sedimentation tank, a “┫” shaped inlet pipe for introducing the manure into the anaerobic tank, and a manure from the anaerobic tank to the sedimentation tank. It consists of a "┣" -shaped moving tube for moving the, and an outlet tube for draining the manure from the anaerobic tank to the outside, The anaerobic tank is formed two to three times the capacity of the sedimentation tank, The opening of the lower side of the anaerobic tank of the “┫” shaped inlet pipe is formed at a depth of 1/3 to 1/2 of the effective depth from the surface of the water, The anaerobic tank bottom opening of the “┣” shaped moving tube is formed in a depth of 1/2 to 3/5 of the effective depth from the water surface. The method of claim 1, The single purification tank has a minimum effective capacity of 0.75 m ³ and an effective water depth of 1 to 3 m. The method of claim 1, The "┫" -shaped inlet pipe, the "┣" -shaped moving pipe and the outlet pipe is a single purification tank for sewage treatment zone, characterized in that the diameter of 10cm or more.

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