KR20040096565A - Mega flow system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an aeration circulating aquaculture system including a culture tank and an aeration circulation system. Aquaculture tanks contain aquaculture organisms. The culture tank forms a first flow path. The aeration circulation system includes an aeration device configured to aeration water. The aeration device forms a second flow path. The first flow passage and the second flow passage form at least partially a closed flow passage sequentially passing through the aquaculture tank and the aeration tank. The aeration circulation system is configured to circulate water around the closed flow path.

Description

Aquaculture System {MEGA FLOW SYSTEM}

Modern aquaculture is attempting to reduce the size of farm facilities and lower the cost of capital investment and operation. This is achieved by relatively small farming of high-density farmed fish species. These high density forms are not environmentally friendly and require special means for oxygen dissolution, carbon dioxide emissions and debris removal.

The most prevalent method is to enrich oxygen with liquid oxygen or oxygen generators. Due to the high concentration of the oxygen source, oxygen is supersaturated, thus reducing the rate of circulation of water. This way, a lot of energy is needed to dissolve oxygen and to remove the carbon dioxide from the breath.

Other methods of using aeration devices such as paddle wheels, surface stirrers, and air diffusers limit the maximum biodensity. Biodensity is limited because the difference between minimum and saturation concentrations necessary for the well-being of breeding fish species is narrow. In general, the required minimum and saturation concentrations are usually not as large as 1-3 ppm. Biodensity is also limited by the turbulence and maximum velocity generated by these devices, which limit their use and impede maximum density from oxygen consumption, maximum allowable speed and turbulence.

Therefore, there is a need for a system that will suppress the density limitation of aeration aquaculture systems.

The present invention relates to aquaculture systems, and more particularly to a system for increasing aquaculture biodensity by aeration using only the atmosphere.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a plan view of an aeration aquaculture system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B of FIG.

4 is a plan view of an aeration aquaculture system constructed and operative in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a plan view of a dispenser used in the system of FIG.

6 is a plan view of an adjusting choke used in the system of FIG.

7A is a cross-sectional view of the aeration and aquaculture system of FIG. 1 constructed and operating in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

7B is a plan view of the aeration tank of the embodiment of FIG. 7A;

8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C in FIG.

Summary of the Invention

The present invention relates to an aeration circulation aquaculture system and its operation.

According to the present invention, (a) aquaculture tank containing aquaculture organisms, forming a first flow path; And an aeration circulation system comprising an aeration device configured to aeration water, the aeration circulation system forming a second flow path, wherein the first flow path and the second flow path sequentially pass through the aquaculture tank and the aeration device at least partially. A closed circulation flow path is provided, and the aeration circulation system is provided with an aeration circulation culture system configured to circulate water around the closed flow path.

According to another feature of the invention, the aeration device includes an air lift pump having a dispenser and a pipe, the pipe has a top opening and a bottom opening, the dispenser injects air into water to form a plurality of bubbles in the pipe A plurality of holes configured to cover the majority of the dispenser, the dispenser having one or more openings configured to allow water to pass therethrough, such that most of the water flowing through the second flow path passes through most of the holes. To pass.

According to another feature of the invention, the piping is configured to direct momentum from the upward flow of water in the piping towards the first flow path of the aquaculture tank.

According to another feature of the invention, the culture tank has an inner bottom surface; At least a portion of the lower end opening of the pipe is located below any portion of the inner bottom surface.

According to another feature of the invention, the cross section of the pipe is rectangular.

According to another feature of the invention, the pipe is tapered towards the top opening.

According to another feature of the invention, the holes are evenly spaced between the dispensers.

According to another feature of the invention, the airlift pump includes an adjusting choke configured to adjust the amount of water in the pipe, thereby controlling the amount of aeration of water.

According to another feature of the invention, the air lift pump comprises an air dispenser disposed outside the pipe, the air dispenser is configured to control the amount of aeration of water by controlling the amount of water in the pipe.

According to another feature of the invention, the entire top opening is lower than the water level inside the culture tank.

According to another feature of the invention, the culture tank has a first inclined bottom surface and a second inclined bottom surface near the top opening of the pipe, the inclination of the first inclined bottom surface is greater than the inclination of the second inclined bottom surface .

According to another feature of the invention, at the end of the first flow path disposed between the aeration tank and the aeration tank, the filtering device to filter the water exiting the aquaculture tank so that the aeration device is not blocked.

According to another feature of the invention, further comprising a bottom collector having a collection inlet, wherein the culture tank has an inner bottom surface, and during operation the bottom contaminant layer flowing through the first flow path to remove from the culture tank through the collection inlet. The collecting inlet is located near the inner bottom.

According to another feature of the invention, the bottom collector comprises a collection vessel configured to collect the bottom contaminated water layer; The bottom collector further comprises a pumping device configured to remove the bottom contaminated water layer from the collection vessel, the pumping device being pumped at a flow rate sufficient to remove the bottom contaminated water layer from the first flow path through the collection inlet; It is composed.

According to another feature of the invention, the collection vessel has an at least partially inclined bottom surface configured to collect objects in the vicinity of the pumping device.

According to another feature of the invention, the pumping device is operated using an airlift device.

According to another example of the present invention, a pipe having a top opening and a bottom opening and forming a flow path from the bottom opening to the top opening; And a dispenser having a plurality of apertures configured to inject air into the water to form a plurality of bubbles in the piping, the aperture covering most of the dispenser, the dispenser having one or more openings configured to pass water therethrough. There is provided an airlift pump system in which a majority of the water flowing through the flow path passes through the dispenser between most of the holes.

According to another feature of the present invention, the cross section of the pipe is rectangular.

According to another feature of the invention, the pipe is tapered towards the top opening.

According to another feature of the invention, the holes are evenly spaced between the dispensers.

According to another feature of the invention, it further comprises an adjusting choke configured to adjust the amount of water in the pipe, thereby controlling the amount of aeration of water.

According to another feature of the invention, it comprises an air dispenser disposed outside the pipe, the air dispenser is configured to control the amount of aeration of water by controlling the amount of water in the pipe.

According to another example of the invention, there is provided a cleaning system for cleaning contaminated water in a tank configured to form a flow path and having an internal bottom: (i) configured to remove the bottom contaminated water layer flowing through the tank and to the bottom of the tank; A collection inlet disposed near the face; A collection container for collecting the bottom contaminated water layer; And a pumping device configured to remove the bottom contaminated water layer from the collection vessel and pump the flow rate at a flow rate sufficient to remove the contaminated water layer from the tank through the collection inlet.

According to another feature of the invention, the inclined bottom surface of at least a portion of the collection vessel is configured to collect objects close to the pumping device.

According to another feature of the invention, the pumping device is operated using an airlift device.

The present invention relates to a structure of the aeration circulation aquaculture system and its operation method.

The principle and operation of the aeration circulation aquaculture system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, reference is made to FIGS. 1-3. 1 is a plan view of an aeration aquaculture system 10 constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B of FIG. The aeration circulation aquaculture system 10 includes a culture tank 12 and aeration tank 14 containing aquaculture fish species such as fish, shellfish. The aquaculture tank 12 forms a flow path 16. The aeration tank 14 includes an aeration circulation system 18 with an aeration device 20 configured to aeration water in the aquaculture tank 12. The aeration device 20 consists of an air lift 22. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the number of airlifts in the aerator 20 depends on various design variables. In general, there is only one air lift in the aeration device 20. However, if the aerator 20 is divided by the number of airlifts, the worker can use only a part of the airlift when the biomass is small, and more airlifts can be used as the biomass and the aeration demand increase. This saves energy because supply and demand are nearly identical. Airlifts aeration water while supplying oxygen and removing carbon dioxide. The aeration device 20 forms a flow path 24. As well as the flow paths 16 and 24, the flow path 26 formed by the remaining portion of the aeration tank 14 is a closed flow path flowing through the aquaculture tank 12 and the aeration tank 14. Closed flow paths are almost closed because 10% of them are removed as nitrogen cycles and about 1% as wastes (see Inspection Container 33). The closed flow passage may be referred to as a passage passing through the aquaculture tank 12 and the aeration tank 14 in sequence. The aeration circulation system 18 is configured to circulate water around the closed flow passage. Each air lift 22 performs this circulation function. The air lift 22 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 5.

In operation, bubbles are added to the water in the airlift 22 which raises the water. This "bubble" is sent to a culture tank (12). Here the water moves at a speed of approximately 1 m / sec. However, the speed of water can vary between 20 and 150 cm / sec depending on the design of the airlift 22 and the number of airlifts used at this point. The aquaculture tank 12 has an inclined bottom surface 30 near the air lift 22, and the remaining bottom surface 30 of the aquaculture tank is also inclined. The inclination of the inclined inner bottom surface 28 is steeper than the bottom surface 30. Due to the inclination of the bottom surface 28, "bubbles" over the air lift 22 slowly collect in the aquaculture tank. The flow rate at the bottom surface 30 in the culture tank 12 is usually 10 cm / sec, resulting in uniform laminar flow. This flow rate is maintained at a rate at which breeding fishes feel comfortable. Because of the inclination of the bottom surface 30, the solid waste moves toward the bottom collector 32 disposed near the bottom surface 30 near the end of the flow path 16. Bottom collector 32 removes the bottom contaminated water layer, including waste. The contaminated water is sent to be processed through a test container 33 which collects heavy solids such as feed grains left over, so that caring for fish species can be determined and collected by adjusting breeding methods. Water and sediment from the test vessel 33 are discharged for further treatment. Near the end of the flow path 16, between the aquaculture tank 12 and the aeration tank 14, a filtering device 34 such as a net or a sieve is usually disposed. Filtering device 34 to filter the water from the aquaculture tank 12 so that the aeration device 20 is not blocked. Those that can block the manure device 34, such as dead fish, rise up and can be easily removed so that the manure device 34 is inclined toward the aeration tank 14. Due to the closed-loop configuration of the aquaculture tank 12 and the aeration tank 14, water filled with oxygen and no other gas enters the aquaculture tank 12, and water containing less oxygen and saturated carbon dioxide goes to the aeration tank 14. Go back. Therefore, the highest concentration difference for operating the air lift 22 is generated, which improves the gas transfer efficiency of the air lift. As described above, the speed of water flowing through the aquaculture tank 12 depends on the design of the airlift 22 and the number of airlifts operated. Heavy objects attempt to sink rapidly to the bottom of the aquaculture tank (12). Therefore, it is necessary to design the flow rate of water and the inclination of the bottom surface 30 so that objects do not settle in the aquaculture tank 12. When objects collect, it is very important to keep them from collecting harmful substances in the water. However, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the speed of the water flowing through the aquaculture tank 12 is such that the object enters the bottom collector 32 along the inclined bottom surface 30 while the fish are comfortable and the gas is required for efficient delivery. It depends on the cleaning speed.

4 is a plan view of an aeration aquaculture system 36 constructed and operative in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. The aeration circulation culture system 36 consists of two aquaculture tanks 38 and two aeration tanks 40. Each aeration tank 40 has an aeration circulation system 42. The aeration circulating aquaculture system 36 also includes a bottom collector 44 and a strainer 46 disposed within each aquaculture tank 38. The aquaculture tank 38 and the aeration tank 40 form a closed flow path 48.

The air lift 22 is an improved type of the existing air lift pump as a high efficiency air lift. Air lift pumps use compressed air at the bottom of the pump to mix bubbles and water, which is lighter than water. This has a lifting effect. According to several research institutes, especially Timmons & Reinemann, airlift pumps have been shown to be effective when the ratio of gas to liquid is less than 25%. In this case, a phenomenon called "bubbly flow" occurs. According to these research institutes, the ratio of diameter to length of the pump is preferably less than 1:15. Since tanks in conventional aquaculture equipment are relatively shallow, the airlift diameter is limited to 3 inches, so the discharge flow rate is also limited. In the present invention, it is based on newly aeration of a large amount of water through the aeration tank (14). This flow keeps the concentration at a minimum above a predetermined value while dissolving the necessary oxygen. Thus, the desired flow rate is the total required oxygen flow rate divided by the allowable concentration range. In general, the farm's oxygen flow is hundreds of grams per tonne of biomass per hour, so the quantity required is several hundred ㎥ per tonne of biomass per hour. Thus, a typical airlift must supply a quantity of several thousand m3 per hour. Such quantities could not be realized with conventional airlifts limited to 3 inches in diameter. To supply these quantities, hundreds of conventional airlifts will be needed. However, such a large amount of airlift is too expensive to manufacture, operate, and maintain, making it uneconomical for commercial farms. It is also very difficult to balance the work, resulting in low efficiency. Accordingly, another feature of the airlift 22 of the present invention is to overcome the ratio of 1:15 to provide a high efficiency airlift suitable for commercial farms.

2 again. Each air lift 22 has a dispenser 50 and a pipe 52. Upper and lower ends of the pipe 52 have openings 54 and 56, respectively. The dispenser 50 is disposed in or under the pipe 52 near the lower opening 56. 5 is a plan view of the dispenser 50. The dispenser 50 has a dispensing grill 58, which is configured to direct compressed air from the central airway 60 to the various secondary airways 62. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface area of the dispensing grill 58 is approximately 45 cm long by 35 cm wide. The secondary airway 62 has a plurality of exhaust holes 64, through which air is injected into the water to create bubbles in the pipe (52). Secondary airway 62 is generally made of a rigid material, such as hard plastic. The diameter of the exhaust hole 64 is usually 0.5 mm. On the other hand, the secondary airway 62 is made of a flexible material supported by a rigid support structure, the exhaust hole 64 may be in the form of a very narrow slit formed on the surface of the flexible material. When the vent holes are slits formed in a flexible material, they are generally not clogged well. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are about 2000 exhaust holes 64 per dispensing grill 58. The exhaust holes 64 are formed in the grill 58 at substantially equal intervals. The spacing between the exhaust holes 64 is about the diameter of the expected bubble. It is not good for the bubbles to merge. However, it is best to maximize the contact surface area of air and water as much as possible. Thus, the practical minimum spacing between the holes 64 is typically on the order of 6 mm, 20-50% larger than the expected bubble diameter. In general, the aperture 64 is configured to cover most of the grill 58. "Cover" means that there are 3,000 or more holes 64 per unit area (1 m 2). If the holes 64 are not in the plane perpendicular to the flow path 24, the gaps between the holes 64 should be measured by projecting the holes 64 in the plane perpendicular to the flow path 24. The plurality of openings 66 between the secondary airways 62 serve as a passage of water through the grille 58, and bubbles are supplied at uniform intervals through the holes 64 on the secondary airway 62. The width of the opening 66 is approximately equal to the width of the secondary airway 62. Water and bubbles mix homogeneously, increasing the speed toward the outlet. Most, typically 100%, of the water flowing into the airlift 22 passes through the opening 66 of the dispensing grill 58 through most of the hole 64, almost 100%. The dispensing grill 58 is generally demountable for maintenance purposes, so that the holes 64 are easily accessible and leave room for the entire airlift 22 to be removed.

The dispenser 50 has a drain 68 (see FIG. 2), which allows for rapid drainage of water from the central airway 60 and the secondary airway 62. Water entering the dispenser 50 when the air lift 22 is not operated is drained from the dispenser 50 through the drain port 68 when the compressed air flows back into the dispenser 50. Compressed air pushes water out of the dispenser 50 until air comes out of the hole 64. Since the drain is located lower than the hole 64, air does not escape from the drain 68. Leaving the airway open allows the air to be evenly distributed through the grille 58 to form a uniform “bubble stream”. The size and number of holes 64 are configured to drain the water from the airway without leaking air from the drain 68. Since the drain 68 is a one-way valve, water is only discharged from the dispenser 50 through the drain 68. This feature is important to prevent contaminated water from entering the airway when the airlift 22 is stopped and to block the hole 64 when pumping is resumed. The drain 68 extends almost to the bottom of the aeration tank 14 to ensure uniform air distribution in the system.

The bottom opening 56 is located in whole or in part below a portion of the inclined bottom surface 30. Thus, the aeration tank 14 is deeper than the aquaculture tank 12. When the depth is so deep, the air lift 22 operates effectively. The cross section of the pipe 52 is rectangular. Due to the rectangular cross section of the pipe 52, the amount of water inside the air lift 22 can be increased without increasing the length of the pipe. In the conventional air lift of the circular cross section, it was a general condition to increase the length. The rectangular cross section also ensures effective space utilization. In addition, the pipe 52 is tapered toward the upper end opening 54. As the cross-sectional area changes from the lower opening 56 to the upper opening 54, a gradual increase in the flow velocity inside the airlift 22 results in a reduction of friction losses, especially in the lower opening 56, and the water flowing therein Tolerate rapid speed changes. When the pipe 52 is bent so that the upper opening 54 contacts the culture tank 12, the pipe is configured to send momentum to the flow path 16 of the culture tank 12 at an upstream side of the pipe.

6 is a plan view of the choke 70. It demonstrates with reference to FIG. 6 and FIG. For reference, the main energy cost of the aeration aquaculture system is the cost of air compression. Therefore, in order to use compressed air effectively, the generated bubbles should be kept in the pipe 52 as much as possible. The adjusting choke 70 is disposed inside the piping 52 near the bottom of the dispensing grill 58. The adjusting choke 70 is configured to adjust the amount of water in the pipe 52 and to adjust the amount of aeration of water. The adjusting choke 70 is in the form of a grill consisting of a bilateral support 72 and a plurality of central elongated members 74. The width and spacing of the elongated members 74 are made to match the width and spacing of the dispensing grill 58 (see FIG. 5). The adjusting choke 70 is disposed so that the direction of the member 74 is parallel to the direction of the opening 66. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the amount of water passing through the pipe 52 in the lateral movement with respect to the grill 58 of the adjusting choke 70. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, an arrangement that functions similar to the adjusting choke 70 may be placed anywhere in the piping 52.

FIG. 7A is an A-A cross sectional view of the aeration circulation aquaculture system 10 of FIG. 1, constructed and operated in accordance with the most preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the top opening 54 of the tubing 52 is located entirely below the water level in the culture tank 12. "Stop water level" refers to the water level in the aquaculture tank 12 when the aeration circulation system 18 does not operate and there are no "bubbles" that generate a water level difference in the aeration circulation aquaculture system 10. The air lift 22 of this embodiment does not need to operate to raise the water above the stop level, thereby saving lifting energy. In addition, according to the present embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the pipe 52 is not tapered because the reasons described above with respect to the taper of the cross-section of the pipe 52 in Fig. 5 are not generally applied here. 7B is a plan view of the aeration tank 14 according to the present embodiment. Here, the air dispenser 90 is disposed inside the aeration tank 14 and outside the pipe 52. The air dispenser 90 is configured to control the amount of aeration of water by adjusting the amount of water in the pipe 52. The air dispenser 90 has a main airway 92 for supplying air to the secondary airway 94. A plurality of holes (not shown) are formed in the secondary airway 94 to inject air into the water inside the aeration tank 14 to reduce the density of water outside the air lift 22 while making the water lighter. This reduction in the density of water reduces the synergistic effect in the airlift 922 resulting from the dispensing grill 58 of the airlift 22 (indicated by arrow 98). Thus, the velocity of water rising inside the airlift 22 is reduced by the dispenser 90. That is, the air dispenser 90 functions similar to the adjusting torque without the disadvantage of the adjusting choke 70 (see FIG. 6). The adjusting torque limits the yield by a sudden decrease in cross-sectional area which locally increases the speed of the water, thus resulting in energy losses. In addition, air added to the water through the air dispenser 90 may be used to aeration the water inside the air lift 22. That is, the air dispenser 90 is a very effective device for lowering the upward flow in the air lift 22. The water-air mixture inside the piping 52 should be lighter than the mixture outside the piping 52 inside the aeration tank 14 so that water can continue to rise in the piping 52. Therefore, the number of holes per unit area of the air dispenser 90 should be smaller than the number of holes per unit area of the grill 58. This is done by adjusting the spacing between the holes as well as the holes of the secondary airway 94. The air dispenser 90 is disposed at the same height as the dispensing grill 58 inside the aeration tank 14. The air dispenser 90 is supported by a plurality of support legs 100. Even when only a part of the air lift 22 is operated, the air dispenser 90 must be operated in its entirety. In this way, it is possible to maintain the density ratio of air to water outside the working airlift as desired so that the time the water dwells in the operable airlift 22 is independent of the number of working airlifts 22. In addition, the water in the aeration tank 14 flows toward the air dispenser 90 from the upper end. This causes water to flow under the air dispenser 90 and does not bypass the air dispenser. Therefore, the partition 102 is disposed in the air tank 14. The upper end of the partition wall 102 is below the water level in the aeration tank 14. Inspection container 33 is arranged so as not to block the flow of water. In addition, when the air lift 22 is partially operated, the stationary air lift needs to be prevented to prevent the back flow of water from the aeration tank 14. When the back flow occurs, a local disconnection occurs in the water flow pattern. One or more hinge flaps 104 made of suspended solids are attached to the upper opening 54 of the pipe 52. The hinge flap 104 automatically closes the opening 54 when there is no flow in the pipe 52.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of the aeration circulation aquaculture system 10 of FIG. 1 showing the bottom collector 32 in detail. Reference is also made to FIG. 3 in this description. The collection inlet 76 of the bottom collector 32 is disposed near the bottom end of the inclined bottom surface 30. During operation, the bottom contaminant layer flowing through the flow path 16 contains the highest concentrations of heavy objects in the tank and collects from the aquaculture tank 12 through the inlet 76 and into the collection vessel 78. The inlet 76 consists of a space between the collection vessel 78 and the collection door 86, which is connected to the top of the collection vessel via one or more hinges 88. The collecting door 86 is generally a square plate across the entire width of the inclined bottom surface 30. The collection door 86 is made of suspended solids to remain open during normal operation. A measurement device (not shown) is installed in the door 86 to maintain the size of the inlet 76. The height of the inlet 76 is generally about 1 cm higher than the inclined bottom surface 30. Thus, the bottom collector 32 acts like a carpenter's planer, cutting the layer of material against the inclined wide blade. As described above, since the collection door 86 rests on the collection vessel 78 via a hinge, it is easy to access the container 78 for inspection or maintenance. The contents of the collection vessel 78 are discharged to the inspection vessel 33 by the pumping device 80 (see Fig. 1). The pumping device 80 pumps at a flow rate sufficient to remove the bottom contaminant layer flowing through the flow path 16 through the inlet 76. The pumping flow should be sufficient to remove heavy objects moving near the bottom of the aquaculture tank (12). In general, the required pumping flow rate should be equal to or greater than the average cross-sectional flow rate in the flow path 16 near the bottom collector 32 times the area of the inlet 76. The pumping device 80 operates using an airlift device that includes a pipe 82 and an air dispenser 84. The holes of the air dispenser 84 are at the same level as the holes 64 of the dispensing grill 58, so that a common source of compressed air can be used. Therefore, one compressor may be used for each of the aeration circulation aquaculture systems 10 or an array of these systems. The bottom surface of the collection vessel 78 is sharply inclined at an inclination of 40% or more, so that objects are collected near the inlet of the pumping device 80.

As mentioned above, although some Example was given and demonstrated about this invention, this invention is not limited to this. The scope of the present invention includes various combinations of the various features described above, and various modifications and changes that can be expected by those skilled in the art should be considered to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (25)

(A) a culture tank containing aquaculture organisms and forming a first flow path; And And an aeration circulation system including an aeration device configured to aeration water, and forming a second flow path. Wherein the first flow passage and the second flow passage form at least partially a closed flow passage sequentially passing through the aquaculture tank and the aeration apparatus, wherein the aeration circulation system is configured to circulate water around the closed flow passage. Circulating Aquaculture System. The aeration apparatus of claim 1, wherein the aeration device includes an air lift pump having a dispenser and a pipe, the pipe having a top opening and a bottom opening, and the dispenser is configured to inject air into water to form a plurality of bubbles in the pipe. It has a plurality of holes configured, these holes cover most of the dispenser, and the dispenser has one or more openings configured to allow water to pass through, so that most of the water flowing through the second flow path passes through the dispenser between most of the holes. System characterized in that. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the piping is configured to direct momentum from an upward flow of water in the piping toward the first flow path of the aquaculture tank. The method of claim 2, 양식 the aquaculture tank has an inner bottom surface; (B) at least a portion of the bottom opening of said piping is located below any portion of said inner bottom surface. 3. The system of claim 2 wherein the cross section of the tubing is square. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the tubing is tapered towards the top opening. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the holes are evenly spaced between the dispensers. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the airlift pump includes an adjusting choke configured to regulate the amount of water in the piping. The system of claim 2, wherein the air lift pump includes an air dispenser disposed outside the pipe, and the air dispenser is configured to control the amount of aeration of water by controlling the amount of water in the pipe. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the entire top opening is lower than the water level in the aquaculture tank. The method of claim 2, wherein the culture tank has a first inclined bottom surface and a second inclined bottom surface near the top opening of the pipe, the inclination of the first inclined bottom surface is larger than the inclination of the second inclined bottom surface System characterized. The system of claim 1, wherein a filtering device is disposed between the aquaculture tank and the aeration tank at the end of the first flow path, and the filtering device filters the water exiting the aquaculture tank so that the aeration device is not blocked. 2. The collection inlet of claim 1, further comprising a bottom collector having a collection inlet, wherein the culture tank has an inner bottom and to remove the bottom contaminant layer flowing through the first flow path from the culture tank through the collection inlet during operation. Is disposed near the inner bottom surface. The method of claim 13, The bottom collector comprises a collection vessel configured to collect the bottom contaminated water layer; The bottom collector further comprises a pumping device configured to remove the bottom contaminated water layer from the collection vessel, the pumping device being pumped at a flow rate sufficient to remove the bottom contaminated water layer from the first flow path through the collection inlet; System configured. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the collection vessel has an at least partially inclined bottom surface configured to collect objects in the vicinity of the pumping device. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the pumping device is operated using an airlift device. A pipe having an upper opening and a lower opening and forming a flow path from the lower opening to the upper opening; And A dispenser having a plurality of apertures configured to inject air into the water to form a plurality of bubbles in the piping; The hole covers most of the dispenser, and the dispenser has one or more openings configured to allow water to pass through such that most of the water flowing in the flow path passes through the dispenser between most of the holes. system. 18. The system of claim 17 wherein the cross section of the tubing is square. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the tubing is tapered towards the top opening. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the holes are evenly spaced between the dispensers. 18. The system of claim 17, further comprising an adjusting choke configured to regulate the amount of water in the piping. 18. The system of claim 17, comprising an air dispenser disposed outside of the pipe, wherein the air dispenser is configured to control the amount of aeration of water by controlling the amount of water in the pipe. In a cleaning system for cleaning contaminated water in a tank configured to form a flow path and having an inner bottom: A collection inlet configured to remove a bottom contaminant layer flowing through the tank and disposed near the bottom of the tank; A collection container for collecting the bottom contaminated water layer; And A pumping device configured to remove a bottom contaminant layer from the collection vessel and to pump a flow rate sufficient to remove the contaminant layer from the tank through the collection inlet. 24. The system of claim 23, wherein the inclined bottom surface of at least a portion of the collection vessel is configured to collect objects close to the pumping device. 24. The system of claim 23, wherein the pumping device is operated using an airlift device.