KR200300296Y1 - Method and apparatus of contaminated water treatment for fish tank by submersible biological aerated filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention utilizes a fixed layer microbial filter (Biological Aerated Filter) to purify contaminated water in aquariums, and provides an environment where microorganisms can inhabit a high concentration by depositing a microbial reactor filled with microbial contact media in water. In addition, there is provided a water treatment apparatus capable of continuously purifying the water in the aquarium biologically without a separate pump facility by using the aeration of air and the circulation of water generated at the same time.

Description

Aquarium water treatment device using immersion-type fixed-bed microbial membrane method {METHOD AND APPARATUS OF CONTAMINATED WATER TREATMENT FOR FISH TANK BY SUBMERSIBLE BIOLOGICAL AERATED FILTER}

In general, aquariums used in homes and offices and aquariums used in large aquariums are caused by contaminants such as fish food and fish droppings, resulting in excessive growth of microorganisms, reducing dissolved oxygen levels in the water, and decaying on the floor. The microbial membrane is formed on the inner wall of the tank due to the overgrowing of the microorganisms, the water is clouded, the odor is easy to occur, and the algae phenomenon is caused by eutrophication in reservoirs, fish farms, and ponds.

Many purification methods have been developed to solve this problem. However, the selective separation of only pollutants in fish farms or aquariums is expensive, and even if the physical separation of particulate matter is carried out using a filter, etc. Sexual contaminants were not only removable but also had contaminants recontaminated within a short time. In the case of the recently installed filter for the inside of the aquarium, a filter, cotton, gravel, etc. is placed on the bottom of the aquarium, and the water is sucked from the bottom to circulate inside the aquarium. In this case, the nitrifying microorganisms require a lot of oxygen. The effect may not be adequate.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention was made by immersing a fixed bed microbial reactor including a microbial contact medium in a water tank to culture microorganisms and continuously contaminating the water using a flow of water generated only by injecting air without a separate pump facility. The water in the tank is passed through the reactor to remove particulate contaminants as well as to remove dissolved contaminants caused by microbial reactions, and to accumulate sludge generated by microbial metabolism in the microbial media layer so that it does not disperse into water. An object of the present invention is to provide a water tank containing a biofilter for the purpose of supplying a water tank that can be maintained.

1 is an upflow process diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a downflow process diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a perspective view according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is an aquarium view to which the present invention is applied.

<Description of Reference Symbols for Major Symbols in Drawings>

1..Dipping type microbial reactor 2..Microbial contact media

3 .. media support 4 .. sludge storage tank

5..Inlet water inlet 6..Sludge removal nozzle

7..Aerator 8..Reactor support

9. Rings 10. Media loss prevention

11..Air inlet piping 15..Inlet inlet cover

20..Blower

The present invention contaminated the fixed-layer biofilm reactor in water and supplies air to give up the contaminated water through the microbial membrane caused by the rising flow of water caused by the rise of air at the same time, the microorganisms attached to the contact media Dissolved organic matter and nitrogen components in the water by metabolism is removed, and floating material is related to the technology to remove at the same time by the filter effect of the microbial contact medium.

In order to achieve the above object, there is provided a water purification device including a deposition reactor, a microbial contact medium, a lower sludge storage tank, an acid generator, a lower sludge removal device, an air injector, etc., which are configured with upper or lower nets. In addition, the present invention provides a device in which a support can be installed or fixed at an appropriate level to keep the reactor deposited in water, and a backwashing device can be removed when excessive microbial film formation or floating particles accumulate. It includes.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a flow chart of an upflow reactor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring to this, the deposition-type fixed bed microbial reactor including the microbial contact medium (2) is installed in a fish farm or an aquarium to be completely submerged in water. Here, the reactor form may have a rectangular form, but it is possible to form other round and other shapes.

Microbial contact media (2) is not affected by the material, size and shape of ceramics, plastics, shellfish shells, polymeric fibrous materials, activated carbon, gravel, sand, etc. Shall not be accepted. The microbial contact medium 2 is filled in the middle portion of the reactor, the upper or lower portion of the contact medium is provided with a support 3 in the form of a net that can support the microbial medium and pass water at the same time. The median support 3 is installed according to the type of microbial contact media 2, where the density of the contact media is greater than 1 so that if the media is submerged in water, the media is installed below the contact media 2 It is prevented from falling down, and when the specific gravity of the contact media is less than 1 and floats in water, it is installed on the upper part of the contact media (2) to prevent leakage of contact media by abandonment and the net size is small enough that the contact media does not pass. Shall be.

The lower part of the contact medium is included in the influent water into the sludge storage tank (4) to store the sludge that is settled in the large particle size of the sludge introduced. The inflow water is introduced through the inflow water inlet 5 installed in the sludge storage tank 4 and is discharged to the upper part through the contact medium 2 layer. At this time, the large particulate matter does not pass through the microbial contact medium (2) layer and accumulates down, and only the suspended solid material or the very small particulate matter passes through the microbial contact medium layer (2). The sludge storage tank 4 is used as a place for storing surplus sludge, which is introduced with the inflow water and deposited in the sludge storage tank, and a sludge removal nozzle 6 for periodically removing the sludge is installed, and the sludge storage tank is excessive. When the sludge is stacked, it can be easily removed using an externally connected pipe and valve (17).

In the middle of the layer of microbial contact medium (2) is an air diffuser (7) for supplying oxygen necessary for the metabolism of microorganisms, and a blower (20) for supplying air through the air diffuser (7) is provided. At this time, the air diffuser is generally installed regardless of the type or form of diffuser, porous pipe, etc., which are frequently used in water treatment, and is installed to distribute the air evenly through the entire layer of microbial contact media. When the water is introduced, the dissolved oxygen concentration passes through the aeration layer after the dissolved oxygen concentration is low, so that the dissolved oxygen concentration discharged through the microbial contact media layer can be maintained sufficiently high.

An inlet cover 15 is provided around the influent inlet 5 installed in the sludge storage tank 4, and a backwash water discharge pipe and a valve 17 capable of discharging water in backwashing are provided. When the sludge removal nozzle 6 and the valve 17 are judged to be interrupted in the circulation of water due to the microbial overgrowth in a certain period or the microbial contact medium 2, the air flow rate of the blower 20 is increased and the inflow inlet cover After closing (15), an apparatus is provided which opens the valve 17 to discharge the water inside the tank to the outside to remove excess sludge.

2 is a flow diagram of a downflow reactor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which has the same fluid flow principle as the upflow reactor mentioned in FIG. 1, but is designed so that the raw water flows in a downward direction by constructing the reactor in double. . In the upflow reactor, the contact media (2) layer and the aeration layer used the same space, whereas the downflow reactor is composed of the contact media layer (2) and the aeration layer separately. Simultaneous movement of the surrounding water simultaneously as air passes through the aeration bed and rises up is as described above in the upflow reactor. In this way, the water moves along with the abandonment, and at the same time, the surrounding water attracts the water around the ascension, and the incoming water passes through the contact media layer 2. At this time, the contaminated influent flows from the top of the reactor and the treated water also flows out to the top of the reactor, so the treated water discharged after being processed on the water flow path may be reintroduced, thus maintaining a completely different path between the influent and the treated water. Install the waterway guide plate 14 and spread the outflow so that the inflow and outflow do not contact each other.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the operation of the device will be described in detail. When the reactor as shown in FIG. 3 is installed in water and air is injected into the reactor through the air inlet pipe 11, air of a fine size is introduced into the lower portion of the contact medium through the diffuser and the air floats upward due to buoyancy. At this time, it serves as a pump to push the surrounding water upwards. Therefore, the surrounding water is introduced through the inflow water inlet 5, and the water transported upward along the air flow spreads to the surroundings through the reactor top, and continuous water circulation occurs while the air is supplied. The incoming inflow water contains particulate and dissolved contaminants from fish food, excreta, etc., and the appropriate sized particulate matter is allowed to settle in the sludge storage tank (4) before passing through the layer of microbial contact medium (2). do. However, very fine particulate contaminants or dissolved contaminants float upward through the layer of microbial contact media (2) along the flow of water.

The microorganism contact medium (2) has microorganisms attached to the microorganisms, and the microorganism has a high concentration of microorganisms, and the microorganism concentration is long and the microorganism retention time is long, and various kinds of microorganisms can grow and form a very complex food chain. Done.

The water treatment process using the microbial membrane is a process of removing contaminants in the wastewater by contacting the microbial membrane formed on the surface of the media and the wastewater. It has a microbial membrane layer composed of microorganisms such as protozoa, algae, rotifers, and bacteria on the surface of gravel and stone on the bottom of the river, and thus the river has self-cleaning ability. Artificially high efficiency of the purification ability by the microbial contact oxidation method. At this time, the microbial membrane refers to the mucus material and its contents of the microorganisms formed on the surface of the medium.

Microorganisms attached to the surface of the medium ingest nutrients such as organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus under aerobic conditions to form a microbial membrane, and the formed microorganisms decompose contaminants in water through active metabolism.

Due to the nature of the microbial membrane process, microorganisms adhere and grow on contact media, so the retention time of microorganisms is long, as well as microorganisms for removing organic matters, and nitrifying microorganisms that are difficult to grow in water treatment processes using general microorganisms also grow rapidly in biofilms. When using biological methods to remove nitrogen from water, the most important microbial species are Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter. These two microbial species are independent nutrient groups because they obtain the energy needed for growth by oxidizing inorganic nitrogen compounds. Inorganic carbon is used as a carbon source for cell synthesis. Since these nitrifying microorganisms have very slow growth rates, the use of fixed bed microbial membranes can greatly increase the concentration of microorganisms in the reactor. The reaction scheme for removing contaminants in water according to the above is as follows.

Organic matter removal and cell synthesis

COHNS + O ₂ CO ₂ + NH ₃ + C ₅ H ₇ NO ₂ + Other products

Nitrification Process by Microorganism

^{_{NH 4 + + 1.83O 2 + 1.98HCO}} 3 - 0.98NO 3 - + 0.021C 5 H 7 NO 2 + 1.88H 2 CO 3 + 1.041H 2 O

Denitrification Process by Microorganism

NO ₃ ^- NO ₂ ^- N ₂ N ₂

In the above scheme, COHNS represents contaminants contained in water, C ₅ H ₇ NO ₂ represents microbial cells, and microorganisms convert their own contaminants to solids by synthesizing their cells with water contaminants, and solids in the reactor. It may be retained and then removed by backwashing at regular intervals or capitalized for use as an energy source for the activity of microorganisms. In addition, the very high dissolved oxygen concentration in the treated water as a result of this process maintains aerobic conditions by supplying sufficient oxygen to the sediments scattered around, thus causing odorous gases such as methane (CH4) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) due to anaerobic decay. There is an advantage that the odor is eliminated by removing the.

The treated water passing through the microbial contact medium (2) and flowing out through the upper part of the reactor contacts the air for a long time while passing through the contact medium, so that the concentration of dissolved oxygen reaches 7 to 8 ppm, similar to the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration. 5) Contaminants such as organic matter and ammonia that were included at the time of inflow through the microbial contact media were decomposed by microorganisms, used for microbial cell synthesis, and accumulated in microbial membranes, resulting in the discharge of clean water with a very low concentration. . Since the treated water discharged to the outside contains abundant dissolved oxygen, it can play a role of supplying oxygen to the surroundings, thereby providing a method of preventing the occurrence of odor by preventing the anaerobic decay of the surroundings by the supplied oxygen.

Through continuous operation, excess microorganisms may grow or particulate contaminants may accumulate in the microbial contact medium (2) layer, thereby preventing the smooth circulation of water. In this case, by covering the influent inlet cover 15 and increasing the blowing amount of the blower 20 to increase the air injection amount to increase the shear force for the air flow to drop the microorganisms attached to the microbial contact medium (2). After that, the sludge discharge valve 17 is opened so that the flow of water is in the opposite direction of the normal flow and discharged to the outside, followed by replenishing the clean water as much as the discharged amount.

The selection of microbial contact media is very important to form such a microbial membrane. The contact media are hydrophilic, have good affinity with microorganisms, can be processed into suitable shapes and sizes, and wear and tear when left in water and deposited at the same time for a long time. There should be no. This material can be selected according to the site conditions such as ceramics, plastics, gravel, sand, ciliary material, and foamed plastics and the contamination of the aquarium. The size can also be changed according to the concentration of particulate matter in the water. have.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by way of example, but this embodiment does not limit the present invention.

Example 1

In the form as shown in FIG. 4, an apparatus as shown in FIG. 3 was installed in an aquarium to conduct an experiment of removing contaminants such as organic matter and nitrogen in water. The experimental conditions and results are as follows.

Reactor dimensions (W x D x H, mm): 100 x 100 x 120

-Aquarium volume: 1 ㎥

-Media volume: 0.6 ℓ

-Media type and diameter: Ceramic, 5mm

-Hydraulic retention time in reactor: 10 min

-Air linear velocity: 15 m / hr

*-Input: fish feed 5 g / day

-Other: Give up in the aquarium

-Result: Change of ammonia concentration in aquarium

Experiment days Ammonia Concentration (ppm) install Not installed One 0.3 0.3 3 4 5.2 5 2 8.4 10 1.5 12 20 1.8 10.5

The aquarium with this microbial reactor showed a slightly higher ammonia concentration in the first few days and immediately lowered to around 2 ppm, which was stable and no fish mortality was observed. However, the turbidity of the water was observed to increase over time in the reactor without the microbial reactor. As a result, the concentration of ammonia increased rapidly and odor occurred in the water.

Example 2

A device such as that shown in FIG. 3 was installed and operated in a tubular reservoir with relatively low pollution to purify it.

Reactor dimensions (W x D x H, mm): 1000 x 1000 x 1200

-Media volume: 0.6 ㎥

-Media type and diameter: Ceramic, 10mm

-Hydraulic retention time in the reactor: 20 min

-Air linear velocity: 20 m / hr

-Result: Change of ammonia concentration in reservoir

Experiment days Ammonia Concentration (ppm) install Not installed One 3.2 3.2 5 2.8 3.4 10 1.5 2.8 20 1.2 3.6 30 0.8 3.4 60 0.5 3.5

In the case of the reservoir, the initial ammonia concentration is kept low because the volume is large. From about 10 days after the installation of the microbial reactor, the activity of nitrifying microorganisms becomes very active, and the concentration of microorganisms in the reservoir is very low and the odor is also removed.

The present invention uses a Biological Aerated Filter to purify contaminated water accumulated in freshwater or seawater aquariums, fish farms, and live fish transportation containers, and by depositing microbial reactors filled with microbial contact media in water and After cultivation, the water circulation simultaneously occurs during the aeration process to remove biologically suspended or dissolved organic matter as well as nitrogen at the same time without separate pumping equipment, eliminating the algae phenomenon, and increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration in the water. Odor can be prevented by anaerobic decay.

Claims (3)

In order to remove contaminants in water using microorganisms, the water treatment device using the deposition-type fixed bed microbial membrane method, characterized in that the reactor filled with microbial contact filter is deposited in the water. The method of claim 1, Sedimentation characterized by using microorganism contact media including natural or artificial ceramics, sand, gravel, activated carbon, plastics, foamable plastics, fibrous materials, shellfish shells, waste tires or the like as a mixture of two or more materials. Water treatment device using the type fixed layer microbial membrane method. The method of claim 1, Water treatment device using the deposition-type fixed-bed microbial membrane method, characterized in that for generating a circulation flow of water using only aeration air, without a separate pump equipment for water circulation.