KR200288641Y1 - purification system of an incinerator exhaust gas - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the disclosed subject matter, the water is atomized onto the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator, and the non-decomposed particles such as dioxins are cleaned, thereby recycling some of the exhaust gas discharged into the atmosphere to the incinerator. It is to minimize the emission of toxic substances harmful to the environment, the inner surface is wrapped in the fireproofing material (1), the incinerator (10) is installed in the lower lower inside and the lid (3) is opened and closed And a duct 5 mounted between the incinerator 10 and the lid 3 and having an intake hole 4 through which the exhaust gas in the incinerator 10 is sucked in the inner side, and flowing from the duct 5. The exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust gas scrubber 20 that separates particulates contained in the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas by injecting water into the exhaust gas, and a moving tube 21 connected to the exhaust gas scrubber 20. Chimney (30) The inlet is in communication with the Lee Dong - kwan 21 and provides an exhaust gas recirculation pipe 22, which outlet is in communication to the incinerator 10.

Description

Purification system of an incinerator exhaust gas

The present invention recycles some of the exhaust gas from the incinerator to the incinerator to reduce the production of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the combustion of waste and reduce the emission of toxic substances such as dioxins in the exhaust gas. To an incinerator exhaust purification system.

More specifically, water is injected into the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator in a state of atomization, and some non-decomposed particles such as dioxins are cleaned, and some of the exhaust gas discharged into the atmosphere is recycled to the incinerator. The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification system that minimizes the emission of toxic substances harmful to humans and the environment.

In general, the exhaust gas generated during incineration of waste contains toxic substances such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx), which are harmful to the human body, and are discharged into the atmosphere. Dioxins are burned and decomposed at high temperatures (over 800 ° C). On the other hand, as the combustion occurs at high temperature combustion conditions, the amount of NOx generated increases.

On the other hand, the concentration of NOx in the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator is 70-150ppm (O2 12%), and the method of reducing oxygen by removing oxygen by spraying ammonia, water and urea water (removing rate of 65-70%) or reducing NOx. A combustion method, an in-house water injection method, an exhaust gas recirculation method, a water cooling wall method, and a combination thereof are used (low reduction rate is 20 to 50%).

As shown in FIG. 1, the waste incinerator according to the prior art includes a first combustion chamber in which an incinerator in which a cross-sectional shape is formed into a rectangular parallelepiped is divided by partitions a and b and an inlet c into which waste is introduced ( and d), a third combustion chamber f having a chimney e formed thereon, and a second combustion chamber g provided in communication therebetween.

At this time, the discharge port (h) is formed in each of the first combustion chamber (d) and the second combustion chamber (g) to recover the ash generated during combustion.

Referring to the operation of the incinerator described above, the waste introduced through the inlet (c) is forcibly combusted by a burner or the like not shown in the first combustion chamber (d), and the ash and unburned gas generated during combustion are partition walls (a). ) Moves to the second combustion chamber (g) through the through hole (i) formed above.

The ash and unburned gas moved to the second combustion chamber (g) are once again forcedly burned and then moved to the third combustion chamber (f) through the through hole (j) formed under the partition (b). In f) the ash and the combustion gas are burned in the third and then discharged to the atmosphere through the chimney (e).

In the above-described waste incineration apparatus, by forcibly burning waste in the first combustion chamber, a large amount of harmful substances such as dioxins containing CO or HCL are generated during combustion, and these harmful substances are interfered by atmospheric pressure through the chimney. It is received and not completely burned and discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney, causing air or environmental pollution.

On the other hand, when the unburned gas moves through each combustion chamber, the temperature of the exhaust gas drops and reaches a minimum temperature of 800 ° C. for decomposing dioxins. Not shown) is installed, the dust collection is different according to the performance of the dust collecting filter, the reliability of the dust collecting device is low.

The purpose of the present invention is to reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides during waste combustion by recycling a part of the exhaust gas discharged into the atmosphere from the incinerator to the incinerator, and dioxins contained in the exhaust gas by circulation of the exhaust gas. It is to provide an incinerator exhaust gas purification system that can reduce the emission of toxic substances such as.

Another object of the present invention is an incinerator exhaust gas purification system that reduces the production of nitrogen oxides harmful to humans and the environment during waste combustion, and minimizes the emission of toxic substances such as dioxins, thereby preventing air and environmental pollution. To provide.

1 is an overall side cross-sectional view of a waste incinerator according to the prior art,

2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an incinerator exhaust gas purification system according to the present invention;

3 is a front sectional view of an incinerator used in the present invention,

4 is a view showing the combustion chamber formed by the air curtain in the incinerator according to the present invention,

Figure 5 is an excerpt sectional view of the main portion of the duct for sucking the exhaust gas in the incinerator according to the present invention,

6 is a state diagram used in the incinerator exhaust gas purification system according to the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols used in the main part of the drawing *

One; Fireproof

3; Lid

5; duct

10; incinerator

11; Nozzle tube

12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e; Jet

20; Exhaust scrubber

21; Transfer pipe

22; Exhaust gas recirculation pipe

26; Spray nozzle

27; First damper

28; 2nd damper

29; air blower

30; Chimney

An object of the present invention described above is an incinerator having an inner side wrapped with a fireproof material and having a rostol installed at an inner lower side thereof, and having a lid open and closed, and a suction hole mounted between the incinerator and the lid, and the exhaust gas being sucked inside the incinerator. The exhaust gas is discharged through a duct perforated on the inner side, an exhaust gas scrubber that injects water into the exhaust gas flowing from the duct, and separates particulates contained in the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas, and a moving tube connected to the exhaust gas scrubber. It is achieved by providing an incinerator exhaust gas purification system comprising a chimney for discharge into the atmosphere and an exhaust gas recirculation tube in which the inlet communicates with the moving tube and the outlet communicates with the incinerator.

At this time, preferably, the exhaust gas scrubber stores water or an alkaline aqueous solution therein, and collects the casing provided with a pump and particulates included in the exhaust gas at a right angle with respect to the exhaust gas moving direction at a middle side of the casing. And a spray nozzle which is installed above the filter inside the casing and sprays water supplied by the pump to the exhaust gas in an atomized state to separate particulates contained in the exhaust gas and neutralizes the exhaust gas.

Preferably, a first damper capable of adjusting an opening and closing angle is installed at an inlet of the exhaust gas recirculation pipe, and a second damper capable of adjusting an opening and closing angle is installed in a moving tube between the exhaust gas recirculating pipe and the chimney, and an exhaust gas scrubber and exhaust A blower is installed in the moving tube between the gas recirculation tubes, and the filter layer is a porous body formed of either ceramic or elvan.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are intended to describe in detail enough to be able to easily carry out the invention by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. This does not mean that the technical spirit and scope of the present invention is limited.

As shown in Figure 2 to 6, incinerator exhaust gas purification system of the present invention, the inner surface is wrapped with the refractory material (1) and the rostol (2) formed with the through hole (2a) is installed in the lower side inside and open The incinerator 10 having a cylindrical cross section in which the lid 3 is opened and closed at an upper portion thereof, and a suction hole mounted between the incinerator 10 and the lid 3 and into which exhaust gas is sucked in the incinerator 10 ( 4) a duct 5 having a rectangular cross section radially drilled on the inner side thereof;

A cylindrical casing 23 for storing water on the inner floor and having a pump 25 and in which exhaust gas is sucked from the duct 5 through the moving passage 33 and in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the exhaust gas. A porous filter 24 formed of a ceramic or elvan rock and the like installed on the inner side of the casing 23 and collecting fine particles contained in the exhaust gas, and installed above the filter 24 in the casing 23. An exhaust gas scrubber 20 composed of a spray nozzle 26 for spraying water supplied by the gas 25 into the exhaust gas in an atomized state to separate fine particles contained in the exhaust gas;

The chimney 30 for discharging the exhaust gas into the atmosphere through the moving tube 21 communicated with the exhaust gas scrubber 20, the inlet is branched downstream of the moving tube 21, the outlet is in communication with the incinerator 10, the inlet Opening and closing angle adjustment is provided in the exhaust gas recirculation pipe 22, the first damper (27) capable of adjusting the opening and closing angle on the side, and the moving pipe 21 between the exhaust gas recirculation pipe (22) and the chimney (30). It is possible to have a second damper 28.

In the drawing, reference numeral 11 is installed vertically in the center of the incinerator 10, and the injection holes 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e for forming the combustion chamber in the incinerator 10 in a multilayer by the discharged air pressure The nozzle tube of the hollow body which is punctured by maintaining a predetermined interval in the vertical direction around the outer surface, and 29 is a blower installed downstream of the moving tube 21 between the exhaust gas scrubber 20 and the exhaust gas recirculation tube 22. , 31 is a supporting burner that is ignited at the end of the ignition and combustion of the incinerator (10).

Reference numerals A to C are not shown in the incinerator 10 by the air curtains a, b, c, d formed by air pressure through the injection holes 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d of the nozzle tube 11. The first combustion chamber to the third combustion chamber, which are divided into a plurality of sections in the direction, 32 are formed to extend downwards on the upper surface of the lid 3 and to form an air curtain f on the open top of the incinerator 10 and the lid 3. Cylindrical skirt to prevent mutual interference of the secondary air introduced from the outside to the incinerator 10 through the through hole formed in the side wall (3a) of the 34, the air curtain (f) in the open upper portion of the incinerator 10 The through-hole through which the air pressure forming) passes is the air tank perforated on the bottom surface.

Hereinafter, the operation of the incinerator exhaust gas purification system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 2 and 3, in the state in which the lid (3) installed to open and close on the top of the incinerator (10) is opened, the predetermined waste is introduced into the incinerator (10) and then the lid (3) is closed to the incinerator By closing (10) and igniting the supporting burner 31 installed above the outer surface of the incinerator 10, the waste can be forcibly combusted.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 6, as the compressed air discharged from the blower 35 is supplied to the lower portion of the nozzle tube 11 installed at the inner center of the incinerator 10 through the moving tube 36, Compressed air is injected radially outward in the incinerator 10 through the injection holes 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d which are punched round the outside of the nozzle tube 11.

At this time, since the compressed air injected through the injection holes 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d functions as an air curtain in the incinerator 10 at a high pressure, the compressed air may be compressed into the incinerator 10 by the first and second directions. Second and third combustion chambers A, B, and C are formed.

Therefore, the air flowing into the incinerator 10 is a path through which external air flows through a through hole (not shown) formed in the side wall 3a of the lid 3, and a path through the nozzle tube 11. Will pass through the incinerator (10).

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 3 and 6, by the air pressure discharged through the injection hole (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) of the nozzle pipe 11 located in the vertical direction in the center of the incinerator 10 Air curtains (a, b, c, d) are formed in the upper, middle, and lower portions of the incinerator 10 to ensure sufficient residence time of the exhaust gas, and at the same time, the through hole of the side wall 3a of the lid 3 The through-holes are arranged in a zigzag form to give strength to the air pressure flowing through them, and the holes are drilled in large and small to increase the agitation efficiency with the unburned gas so that the waste can be completely combusted due to the mixing with the secondary air. do.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the inside of the incinerator 10 has a lower oxygen concentration and a negative pressure increases as it goes downward from the top, so that the injection holes 12a, 12b, and 12c of the nozzle tube 11 are increased. The high pressure air pressure sprayed outward in the radial direction inside the incinerator 10 through 12 d moves to the bottom of the incinerator 10 having a low oxygen concentration, and unburned materials such as a combustion material are also moved to the bottom of the incinerator 10. Falls. On the other hand, since the high temperature combustion gas is expanded, it moves to the upper part of the incinerator 10 by the convection phenomenon and moves the flame to the C layer to burn the gas.

On the other hand, the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber inside the incinerator 10 are formed by the air curtains a, b, c, and d formed by the air pressure blown out through the injection holes 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d of the nozzle tube 11. As it is formed integrally, even when external air is introduced through the through hole formed in the partition 3a of the lid 3, the risk of dust explosion (whitening phenomenon) is reduced.

At this time, the temperature in the first combustion chamber (A) is 300 to 600 ℃, the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber (B) is 500 to 800 ℃, the temperature in the tertiary combustion chamber (C) is 1000 ℃ or more, the bottom of the incinerator (10) It is preferable to keep the temperature in the 4th combustion chamber D corresponding to between cotton and rostol 2 at 300-1000 degreeC.

On the other hand, the air discharged from the blower 40 through the moving tube 41 is supplied to the air tank 34 formed on the upper surface of the lid 3, the injection hole is arranged in a zigzag form on the bottom surface of the air tank 34 As the air curtain f is formed in the open upper portion of the incinerator 10 by the air pressure passing through the incinerator 10, when the waste is incinerated in the incinerator 10, floating materials such as unburned material and incineration ash are incinerated (10). ) It can prevent the discharge to the outside.

At this time, from the outside through the air pressure forming the air curtain (f) by the cylindrical skirt 32 extending downward on the upper surface of the lid 3, and through holes formed in the side wall (3a) of the lid (3) Interference with the incoming secondary air can be prevented.

On the other hand, the burned gas moving to the upper part of the incinerator 10 is a suction hole (4) formed in the radial direction on the inner surface of the duct (5) having a rectangular cross section installed between the lid 3 and the upper part of the incinerator (10). After being sucked into the duct 5 through the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas inside the duct 5 is supplied to the lower side of the casing 23 of the exhaust gas scrubber 20 along the moving passage 33 communicating with the duct 5. do.

The exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust gas scrubber 20 passes through a filter 24 made of a porous body such as ceramic and elvan, which is installed at a middle side of the cylindrical casing 23 in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the exhaust gas. As a result, particulates of the exhaust gas are collected in the filter 24.

By spraying the water stored in the bottom of the casing 23 to the atomization state by the pump 25 to the exhaust gas passing through the filter 24 through the spray nozzle 26 installed above the casing 23. In addition, the neutralizing material of an alkali component such as calcium carbonate mixed with water may neutralize hydrogen chloride (HCl), which is a main component of dioxins, generated when burning PVC and the like in the incinerator 10.

On the other hand, most of the exhaust gas (approximately, about 2/3) purified by passing through the exhaust gas scrubber 20 to the atmosphere through the chimney 30 by the suction force by the blower 29 installed in the moving pipe (21). Discharged to the air.

At the same time, a part (about 1/3) of the exhaust gas discharged to the chimney 30 side through the moving tube 21 passes through the second damper 28 installed at the inlet side of the exhaust gas recirculation tube 22. By the exhaust gas recirculation pipe 22 is to be re-supplied to the incinerator (10).

At this time, the exhaust gas discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney 30 and the exhaust gas recycled to the incinerator 10 through the exhaust gas recirculation pipe 22 are opened and closed by the first damper 27 and the second damper 28. It can be adjusted by adjusting the angle.

Therefore, as part of the exhaust gas discharged into the atmosphere after being cleaned by the exhaust gas scrubber 20 is reburned by supplying it to the incinerator 10, the exhaust gas is not collected by the atomized water and the filter 24. It is possible to minimize the emission of toxic substances harmful to the human body, such as dioxins contained in the gas and released into the atmosphere.

That is, by repeating the process of recycling some of the exhaust gas purged from the incinerator 10 and purged in the exhaust gas scrubber 20 and discharged to the incinerator 10 by burning (exhaust gas recirculation), the incinerator ( 10) can significantly reduce the production of nitrogen oxides produced by burning wastes (which can reduce 1/2 to 1/3), and recycle dioxins to the atmosphere by being included in the exhaust gases by recycling the exhaust gases. Can be minimized.

As described above, the incinerator exhaust gas purification system according to the present invention has the following advantages.

The exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator passes through the filter layer collecting particulates, causes a neutralization reaction, and recycles a portion of the exhaust gas washed with water injected in an atomized state to the incinerator, thereby reducing the production of nitrogen oxides and exhausting the exhaust gas. The circulation of the gas can significantly reduce the emission of toxic substances such as dioxins contained in the exhaust gas.

When burning wastes, the emission of toxic substances such as nitrogen oxides and dioxins, which are harmful to the human body and the environment, is minimized, thereby preventing public and environmental pollution and thus improving public health.

Claims (6)

An incinerator in which an inner side is wrapped with a fireproof material and a rostol is installed at an inner lower side thereof, and a lid is opened and closed; A duct mounted between the incinerator and the lid and perforated on an inner surface of a suction hole through which the exhaust gas is sucked into the incinerator; An exhaust gas scrubber for injecting water into the exhaust gas flowing from the duct to separate the particles contained in the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas; A chimney for discharging exhaust gas into the atmosphere through a moving tube communicating with the exhaust gas scrubber; And And an exhaust gas recirculation tube having an inlet communicating with the downstream side of the moving tube and an outlet communicating with the incinerator. The exhaust gas scrubber according to claim 1, further comprising: an exhaust gas scrubber; A casing in which water or alkaline aqueous solution is stored therein and equipped with a pump; A filter formed on the inner middle side of the casing in a direction perpendicular to an exhaust gas moving direction to collect particulates included in the exhaust gas; And It is installed inside the casing above the filter, and sprayed water supplied by the pump to the exhaust gas in the atomized state to separate the fine particles contained in the exhaust gas, characterized in that consisting of a spray nozzle for neutralizing the exhaust gas Incinerator exhaust gas purification system. The incinerator exhaust gas purification system according to claim 1, wherein a first damper capable of adjusting an opening and closing angle is provided at an inlet side of the exhaust gas recirculation pipe. The incinerator exhaust gas purification system according to claim 1, wherein a second damper capable of adjusting an opening and closing angle is installed in the moving tube between the exhaust gas recirculation pipe and the chimney. The incinerator exhaust gas purification system according to claim 1, wherein a blower is installed in the moving tube between the exhaust gas scrubber and the exhaust gas recirculation tube. The incinerator exhaust gas purification system according to claim 2, wherein the filter is a porous body formed as any one of ceramic and elvan.