KR20010062259A - Process and gasification plant for the gasification of waste substances, particularly industrial waste substances, biomass or similar gasification substances - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided are a process and a gasification plant for the gasification of waste substances, particularly industrial waste substances, biomass or similar gasification substances. CONSTITUTION: Waste substances, particularly industrial waste substances, biomass or similar gasification substances are gasified by i) drying then degasifying them, if necessary, involving partial gasification; and ii) finally gasifying them, especially fluidized bed. The gasification plant comprises a degasification unit(2) for the step (i), wherein a grate gasifier(4) or tube gasifier is used, a degasification unit(3) for the step (ii) and a gasification unit of fluidized bed.

Description

PROCESS AND GASIFICATION PLANT FOR THE GASIFICATION OF WASTE SUBSTANCES, PARTICULARLY INDUSTRIAL WASTE SUBSTANCES, BIOMASS OR SIMILAR GASIFICATION SUBSTANCES

The present invention relates to a process for gasifying waste, in particular industrial waste, biomass or similar gasifiers by two stage gasification for the use of materials and energy, in the first gasification stage the gasifiers are dried, Degasification and partial gasification if necessary, while final gasification, in particular fluidized bed gasification, occurs in the second gasification stage.

Single-stage gasification methods for biomass and especially wood are known, where degasification is carried out at low temperatures and gasification of carbon fractions is carried out at high temperatures. Degassing proceeds relatively quickly, while complete gasification of carbon fractions requires long residence times and high material and heat transfer conditions. Degasification in one stage at low temperature in the reaction zone with high heterogeneity results in more hydrocarbon compounds and a greater fraction of tar formation in the gas produced, resulting in lower and relatively poor gasification efficiency. In a single stage gasification method, much demand for gas quality for a series of combustion is not achieved, for example in a gas engine producing electrical energy. This applies in particular for permanent operation of trouble-free and low maintenance costs for this kind of gas engine. For this reason, the gasification step has already been developed, in which the solid bed degassing in the first gasification step is carried out at temperatures up to 600 ° C., followed by the fluidized bed degassing in the second gasification step. Gasification is carried out at temperatures between 800 ° C. The invention starts here.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a gasification process of the type described in the preamble, which is suitable for the decomposition of tar components from fully gasification and polymer hydrocarbon compounds, in particular the waste in question, and to ensure engine quality while minimizing polymer hydrocarbon compounds. By ensuring the generation of gases, it ensures the optimum energy utilization of the gasification material. The present invention also provides a gasification plant suitable for carrying out the method accordingly, which makes the gasification of different and problematic wastes relatively simple and reliable.

In the method according to the preamble, in order to solve this problem according to the present invention, the gasification material enters the first gasification stage forming a solid stream and heat is degassed in the second reaction section for drying in the first reaction section. Or pyrolysis) and the gas or carbonisation gas produced in the first gasification stage is fed to the second gasification stage for complete gasification of carbon fractions and pyrolysis of high molecular hydrocarbon compounds, in particular tar components. . The gas recovered from the second gasification step is cooled and purified. The preheated air and / or exhaust gas is fed to the solid stream of the third reaction section for partial gasification as a gasification agent in the first gasification step. The gasification material moves the first gasification step in the form of a solid stream dried in the first reaction section by evaporation of water, in which heat is supplied for degassing. According to a first variant, the supply of heat is effected by partial gasification in the third reaction section for reacting with the gasifier and for exothermic reaction and by dry gas being regenerated in the second and first reaction sections. According to another variant, the hot exhaust gas and the preheated air are regenerated as gasifiers in the second and first reaction sections. According to a third variant, heat supply is possible via hot sand from the second gasification step to meet the demand of energy for degassing (including drying) in the first gasification step without reducing the dry gas heat generation amount. The amount of charcoal or other solid carbon gasified in the first gasification step is as small as possible only to be available as a catalyst in the second gasification step. A circulating fluidized bed or a high velocity fluidized bed in the second gasification step is used, allowing it to extract a predetermined amount of fine particle inert bed material, so that part of the heat from the second gasification step is transferred to the first gasification step. This heat can be compensated for by the endothermic reaction of gasification. In the second gasification step the larger inert solid particles are separated off, regenerated into fine particle layer material and discharged. Charcoal is partly immediately gasified by the first gasifier and enters the lower zone of the fluidized bed of the second gasification step to form a two-material fluidized bed consisting of quartz sand and charcoal. By arranging the second gasifier feed inlet on the denser layer, the gasification reaction is delayed by the residence time required for the contact of the dry gas and charcoal, providing conditions for decomposing the polymeric hydrocarbon compound and in particular the tar component. .

Other essential features of the present invention are described below. For example, heat is provided to the solid stream in the first reaction section by radiation and / or by counter-current dry gas and / or through a stream of solid layers. As already mentioned, heat is supplied to the solid stream in the first reaction section by hot exhaust gas and / or preheated air. Preferably, the heat is reacted by the dry gas and / or by the exhaust gas or the mixture of exhaust gas and air from below and / or by the preheated air and / or the hot quartz sand from the second gasification step And possibly also by thermal radiation. Very generally, a gasifier, preheated gasifier, if necessary, and preheated gasifier, containing oxygen, may be fed to the solid stream in one or more reaction sections. In the usual case, during the drying and degassing process of the gasification material in the first gasification step, heat must be supplied but a gasifier is not absolutely necessary. The supply of gasifying agent is only necessary when heat for drying and degassing is supplied by partial reaction of the gasifying agent and other oxidation reactions by the degassing gas. In addition to the supply of preheated hot gasifiers (exhaust gas, air, hot steam, etc.) containing oxygen, direct heat by indirect heat supply by heated surfaces or by the heat flow of the mixture (such as hot sand) by direct contact Feeding can be performed. In particular, when steam is supplied, high density heat flow may occur due to liquefied heat transfer. It is possible to supply additive materials and / or substances which act as catalysts. The direction of the distillate gas flow relative to the gasification material may be counterflow, center, diagonal, cross direction and counterflow in the first gasification step. The dry gas from the first gasification step becomes more severely engine quality in the second gasification step by being fully gasified with the corresponding required residence time and temperature and under high material and heat transfer conditions for the turbulent interface conditions of the solid particles. The heat treatment performed for the purpose of interruption is received. Solids which are not partially gasified after degassing in the first gasification step and are present in the form of coke, charcoal and inert residue with dry gas are fed with or after the intermediate separation of the components in the second gasification step. Separation may be carried out mechanically or by wet chemical methods to separate the useful and / or harmful substances.

In the case of high water content, especially when the gasification material comprises high capillary bonded water, the gasification material may be pre-dried by the steam circuit in the drying step preceding the first gasification step. Can be. This allows the heat of evaporation of water contained in the gasification material to be used as heat of condensation at a temperature of about 100 ° C.

According to another feature of the invention, the gasification material is moved through the first gasification step or through the gasification zone of the step, forming a solid stream at an inclination angle of up to 20 ° on the grate or in the tube. This movement results in a substantially uniform mass range per unit length of the grate or tube. The dry gas supplied to the second gasification step is preferably discharged in the front zone of the first reaction section or on top of one of the reaction sections.

Advantageously, in the second gasification step the fluidized bed is supplied with a gasifying agent through a nozzle plate, which gasifying agent is provided with a dry gas to form a flowing gas. The tar component and the solid carbon element (charcoal, coke, etc.) are preferably pyrolyzed after a preset residence time of the dry gas (up to 3 seconds). The coke and charcoal are completely gasified by injection of exhaust gas in the gasifier feed zone. The velocity of the flowing gas and the particle size of the bed material are selected in accordance with the present invention such that some of the bed material (quartz, corundum, etc.) is discharged from the fluidized bed and separated by a cyclone to provide heat transfer at temperatures between 800 ° C and 900 ° C. To the first gasification step. According to another feature of the invention, the layer material such as coke, charcoal and the like (ash) are recycled in the second gasification step after passing thermal energy to the gasification material for the endothermic reaction in the first gasification step. do. The sand barrier column is controlled by the exhaust gas flow between the first gasification step and the cyclone such that the amount of layer material supplied to the first gasification step is such that it can be separated by the cyclone at any time. The sand barrier column prevents the flow of dry gas back to the cyclone from the first gasification step. This barrier column also maintains a constant height.

The invention also relates to a gasification plant, in particular a gasification plant suitable for the implementation and particularly reliable operation of the gasification process described in the claims. The gasification plant comprises at least one degasification reaction device for a first gasification step and a gasification reaction device, in particular a fluidized bed gasification reaction device, for a second gasification step connected to the degasification reaction device, the gasification plant being degassed. A grate type gasifier or a tube gasifier is used in the reaction apparatus. The term "grate-type gasifier" means, according to the invention, a supply port, a return supply port, a roller and a rotary grate gasifier. The tubular gasifier is preferably a rotating tube or a rotating drum gasifier. The grate gasifier has a movable gasification grate arranged at an inclination angle of up to 20 ° with respect to the solid stream and the gasification material is moved through the gasification zone.

According to another feature of the invention, the three or more housing shafts are disposed below the gasification grate and form a three reaction section for the supply of gasifiers and the discharge of the sifted grate, and the transfer leads to the gasification reactor. It is connected to a conveyor device such as a feed screw. In the first reaction section, heat is transferred to the gasification material through the reaction device walls by countercurrent dry gas or the like flowing through the radiation and gasification material layer. The gasification material or solid stream is further heated in the direction of the grate movement and also at 700 ° C. by dry gas and by a mixture of exhaust gas or exhaust gas, incoming air from below and layer material or quartz sand from the second gasification step. It is further heated in the middle of the second reaction zone which rises to temperature. In a third reaction section, the gasification material or solid stream comprises the introduced gasifier and 2C + O ₂ → 2CO at least 700 ° C .; 2CO + O ₂ → CO ₂ and is heated by the C + CO ₂ → 2CO reaction, part of the carbon is consumed is finally delivered to a CO gas, the second and the first reaction section of the column inlet and gasified material. The gasification reaction apparatus may comprise linings of refractory material on the gasification grate of the first and second reaction section regions, absorbing heat and transporting heat to the solid stream or gasification material in the drying zone region by radiation. do. The degassing reaction apparatus comprises a charging shaft for gasification material in the start zone of the first reaction section and the drying zone and sand (quartz as layer material) controlled by the injection of exhaust gas into the second reaction section region. Sand) a barrier shaft with pillars, through which the column bed material is fed from the second gasification stage to the first gasification stage as a heat transfer medium at temperatures up to 900 ° C. Can be. Preferably, a housing shaft for the discharge of coke and charcoal at temperatures up to 700 ° C. is placed after the third reaction section for partial gasification and also conveys as a conveying screw leading to the second gasification step. Is connected to the device. The housing shaft is connected to a conveyor device or a conveying device with cellular wheel sluices as intermediate connectors. Advantageously, the degassing reaction apparatus is arranged with a dry gas outlet in the front region of the reactor chamber, but the outlet may also be located in the upper region of the reactor chamber.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the tubular gasifier comprises a rotating tube or tube drum and is disposed with an inclination angle of up to 20 ° relative to the solid stream moving therein. In this embodiment, there is indirect heating through the reactor housing throughout the length of the housing and also by the hot layer material in the inlet zone (dry zone) and the third reaction zone of the hot exhaust gas and the inlet zone and the rotating tube. There is a direct heat transfer by the supply of an air mixture for the partial gasification of the solid carbon fraction in. In this embodiment with a rotating tube, all the above reactions occur over the length of the tube, provided that heat is supplied to the inlet of the gasifier and the wide movement of the gasifier or solid stream is allowed. According to the invention, the tubular gasifier comprises a coaxial feed screw with a charging shaft for gasification material in the front inlet zone, and a dry gas and coke, charcoal, layer material and inert components, etc. in the rear outlet zone. And a discharge shaft for the solid of the discharge shaft, which is connected to a conveyor device such as a feed screw leading to a second gasification step. The discharge shaft can be connected to the conveyor device or the feed screw with the cellular wheel slew as an intermediate linkage. Preferably, the tubular gasifier is provided with a feed port for the layer material which is fed to the exhaust gas and / or air in the inlet zone for the gasification material and through a feed tube coaxial with the rotating tube. Advantageously, the tubular gasifier is provided with a feed port for a gasifier such as a coaxial feed tube for a gasifier such as air in the rear section. The tubular gasifier may be provided with an exhaust gas supply port in the start zone and an exhaust gas outlet port in the rear section. As an alternative to this, the tubular gasifier may be equipped with a dry gas outlet in the starting zone. Charcoal, coke, bed material and coarse particles of inert material exiting the rotating tube are separated from each other or enter a second gasification step such as a fluidized bed gasification step and then separated. The dry gas leaving the rotating tube flows in the same direction as the gasification material and then enters the second gasification step, i.e., the lower zone of the fluidized bed. The gasifier introduced at the third third of the rotating tube partially charcoals charcoal, while the dry gas transfers heat to the gasifier at the second and first third of the rotary tube. The gasifier and the dry gas flow in a counter flow to the gasification material. A drying step with a steam circuit is also provided to the degassing reaction apparatus.

1 is a diagram of a gasification plant according to the invention,

FIG. 2 is a view showing a first practical example of the degassing reaction apparatus for the plant shown in FIG. 1,

3 is a view showing a second embodiment of the degassing reaction apparatus for the plant shown in FIG.

4 is a view showing a third embodiment of the degassing reaction apparatus for the plant shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of a degassing reaction apparatus for the plant shown in FIG. 1.

The figure shows a gasification plant for the gasification of waste, in particular industrial waste, biomass or similar gasification material 1, the basic structure of which is degassed with the degasification reaction apparatus 2 for the first gasification step. A gasification reaction device 3 in connection with the gasification reaction device 2, wherein the reaction device 3 according to an exemplary embodiment is a fluidized bed gasification reaction device for a second gasification step of producing a gas suitable for a gas engine. According to FIGS. 2 and 3, the grate type gasification mechanism 4 is used in the degassing reaction apparatus 2, and according to FIGS. 4 and 5, the tubular gasification mechanism 5 is used. The grate type gasifier 4 is equipped with grate 6 arranged at an inclination angle of up to 20 ° with respect to the solid stream 7 of gasification material. Under the gasification grate 6, three reaction sections 8a, 8b, 8c are formed by the housing shafts 9a, 9b, 9c for the supply of the gasifier and for the discharge of the sifted grate. The shaft is connected to a conveyor device leading to the gasifier 3, which is a feed screw 10 in the exemplary embodiment. The degassing apparatus 2 has a lining of refractory material on the gasification grate 6 in the first and second reaction sections 8a, 8b region for absorbing heat and transporting it to the solid stream 7 in the region of the drying zone. (11) is provided.

In the starting zone of the first reaction section 8a and the starting area of the drying zone, the degasification reaction apparatus 2 has a charging shaft 12 and sand, in particular quartz sand, for the first gasification step. It is provided with a pillar shaft barrier 13 of which is controlled by the injection of the exhaust gas through which the layer material of the fluidized bed 14, which is used as the heat transfer medium at a temperature of up to 800 ° C, is removed from the second gasification step. Can be supplied in one gasification step. The housing shaft 15 for the discharge of coke and charcoal at a temperature up to 700 ° C. is arranged after the third reaction section 8c for partial gasification, which is also connected to the conveyor apparatus or the conveying screw 10. The housing shafts 9a, 9b, 9c, 15 are connected with the feed screw 10 with the cellular wheel slue as an intermediate linkage. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the degassing apparatus 2 is equipped with a dry gas outlet 17 in the front zone of the reactor chamber. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the dry gas outlet 17 is arranged in the top zone of the reactor chamber, located above the second reaction section 8b.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the tubular gasifier 5 comprises a rotating tube 18 arranged at an inclination angle of up to 20 ° with respect to the stream of solid gasification material being moved therein. In the front inlet section, the tubular gasifier 5 is provided with a feed screw 19 coaxial with the axis of the rotating tube with the charging shaft 20 for the gasification material 1, while in the rear outlet section dry gas and A discharge shaft 21 is provided for solids such as coke, charcoal, layer material and inert components, etc., which is also connected to a conveyor device such as feed screw 10 leading to the second gasification step. The discharge shaft 21 is connected with the conveyor apparatus or the conveying screw 10 with the cellular wheel sledge 22 as an intermediate connector. In the inlet zone for the gasifier 1, the tubular gasifier 5 is also provided with a feed port 23 for the exhaust gas and / or air and for the layer material. In the rear region, the tubular gasifier 5 is also provided with a gasifier supply port, such as a feed tube 24 having the same axis as the axis of the rotary tube for the supply of air as the gasifier 1. The tubular gasifier 5 is provided with an exhaust gas supply port 25 at the bottom of the start zone and an exhaust gas outlet 26 at the top of the rear zone. In the variant shown in FIG. In 5) an exhaust gas outlet 27 is arranged in the starting zone.

Cyclone 28 is also disposed between the degasification reaction device 2 which is the first gasification step and the gasification reaction device 3 which is the second gasification step. The gasification reaction apparatus 3 includes a first gasifier supply port 29 and a second gasifier supply port 30.

In all embodiments, the drying step 31 with the steam circuit 32 may precede the degassing reaction apparatus 2. The drying step comprises an inlet 33 of gasification material and an inlet 34 of heated steam. Delivery of the pre-dried gasification material to the degassing reaction apparatus 2 can be carried out via a cellular wheel slue 35 connected in the middle.

In Figures 2 and 3, the dry gas flow is indicated by a line field, while the supply of the sieve with a gasifier and grate is indicated by an arrow, which is shown after the third reaction section for partial gasification. It is also the same as the direction in which charcoal, coke, etc. in the shaft are discharged.

The gasification process according to the present invention ensures optimum gas utilization by decomposing tar components from fully gasified and polymeric hydrocarbon compounds, in particular the waste in question, and generating gas which ensures engine quality while minimizing polymeric hydrocarbon compounds. do. The present invention also provides a gasification plant suitable for carrying out the method accordingly, which makes the gasification of different and problematic wastes relatively simple and reliable.

Claims (34)

A method for gasifying waste, in particular industrial waste, biomass or similar gasification substances, by means of two-stage gasification for the use of materials and energy, in which the gasification substance is dried and Degassing, partial gasification if necessary, and in the second gasification stage, final gasification, in particular fluidized bed gasification, takes place, The gasifier is introduced into the first gasification stage while forming a solid stream, and heat is supplied to the solid stream for drying in the first reaction section, for degasification in the second reaction section, and produced in the first gasification stage. Carbonization gas is fed to the second gasification stage for the complete gasification of carbon fractions and for the cracking of high molecular hydrocarbon compounds, in particular tar components. The gasification method according to claim 1, wherein the dry gas recovered from the second gasification step is cooled and purified. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein preheated air and / or flue gas is supplied to the solid stream in a third reaction section for partial gasification. 4. 4. The solid stream of claim 1, wherein heat is transferred to the solid stream in the first reaction section by radiation and / or by counter-current dry gas and / or via a solid bed stream. Gasification method characterized in that the supply. The gasification process according to claim 1, wherein heat is supplied to the solid stream in the first reaction section by hot exhaust gas and / or by preheated air. 6. The heat treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat is generated by dry gas and / or from a mixture of exhaust gas or exhaust gas and air flowing from below and / or from preheated air and / or from the second gasification step. And the second reaction section is supplied by means of hot quartz sand. The preheated gasification agent according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a gasification agent, if necessary preheated gasifier, and if necessary oxygen containing oxygen, is fed to the solid stream in at least one reaction section. Gasification method characterized in that. 8. The gasification method according to claim 1, wherein the gasification material is previously dried in a drying step prior to the first gasification step and equipped with a steam circuit. 9. The gasification method of claim 1, wherein the gasification material is moved through a first gasification step while forming a solid stream at an inclination angle of up to 20 ° on a grate or tube. Gasification method. 10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the dry gas to be supplied to the second gasification step is discharged in the front zone of the first reaction section or above one of the reaction sections. 10. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the solids such as coke, charcoal and inert residue present in the first gasification stage after the degassing are fed to the second gasification stage after intermediate separation if necessary. Gasification method characterized in that. The gasification of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein in the second gasification step the fluidized bed is supplied with a gasifying agent through a nozzle plate, the gasifying agent forming a flowing gas with the provided dry gas. Way. The gasification method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the tar component and the solid carbon element are pyrolyzed after a preset residence time of the dry gas. The gasification method according to claim 1, wherein coke and charcoal are completely gasified by injection of air and / or exhaust gas in the gasifier supply zone. The method of claim 1, wherein the velocity of the flow gas and the particle size of the layer material are selected so that a portion of the layer material is discharged from the fluidized bed and separated by a cyclone, and 900 to 800 ° C. A gasification method comprising entering the first gasification step for heat transfer at temperatures up to < RTI ID = 0.0 > 16. The gasification method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the layer material and the inert component with coke, charcoal, and the like are subjected to second gasification after passing thermal energy to the gasification material for the endothermic reaction in the first gasification step. Gasification method characterized in that the regeneration in the step. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the height of the sand barrier column is controlled by the flow of exhaust gas between the first gasification step and the cyclone, such that the amount of layer material supplied to the first gasification step is Gasification method, characterized in that by any amount that can be separated by the cyclone at any time. A gasification plant for carrying out the gasification method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, comprising at least one degasification reaction device (2) for the first gasification step and the degasification reaction device ( A gasification reaction device 3, in particular a fluidized bed gasification reaction device, for a second gasification step, connected to 2), A gasification plant, characterized in that a grate-type gasifier (4) or tube-type gasifier (5) is used in the degasification reaction apparatus (2). 19. The grate type gasifier (4) according to claim 18, characterized in that the grate type gasifier (4) comprises a movable gasification grate (6) for the solid stream (7), the grate being arranged at an inclination angle of up to 20 ° C. Gasification plant. The three or more reaction shafts (8a, 8b) according to claim 18 or 19, wherein at least three housing shafts (9a, 9b, 9c) are provided for the supply of gasifiers and the evacuation of the sieves with grate. , 8c), which is arranged under the gasification grate (6) and is connected to a conveyor device such as a feed screw (10) leading to the gasification reaction device (3). The degassing reaction apparatus (2) according to claim 18, wherein the degassing reaction apparatus (2) is adapted to absorb heat and transport it to the solid stream (7) in the drying zone region. Gasification plant, characterized in that it comprises linings (11) of refractory material on said gasification grate (6), in the region 8a, 8b). 22. The degasification reaction device (2) according to any one of claims 18 to 21, comprising a charging shaft (12) and a charging shaft (12) for the gasification material in the starting zone of the first reaction section (8a). 2 a barrier shaft 13 with a sand pillar controlled by injection of exhaust gas in the region of the reaction section 8b, through which the pillar layer material is used as a heat transfer medium at temperatures up to 900 ° C. A gasification plant, which can be supplied from the second gasification step to the first gasification step. 23. The housing shaft 15 according to any one of claims 18 to 22, wherein the housing shaft 15 for the discharge of coke and charcoal at a temperature up to 700 ° C is arranged after the third reaction section 8c for partial gasification and the transfer screw. Gasification plant, characterized in that connected to the conveyor device such as (10). 24. The conveyor device according to any one of claims 18 to 23, wherein the housing shafts (9a, 9b, 9c) are made of cellular wheel sluices (16) as intermediate connectors. Gasification plant, characterized in that connected to. The gasification plant according to any one of claims 18 to 24, characterized in that the degassing reaction apparatus (2) is provided with a dry gas outlet (17) in the front region of the reaction apparatus chamber. The gasification plant according to any one of claims 18 to 24, characterized in that the degassing reaction apparatus (2) is provided with a dry gas outlet (17) in the upper region of the reaction apparatus chamber. 27. The rotating tube (18) according to any one of claims 18 to 26, wherein the tubular gasifier (5) is arranged with an inclination angle of up to 20 ° for the solid stream (7) moving therein. Or a tube drum. 28. The tubular gasifier 5 according to any one of claims 18 to 27, wherein the tubular gasifier 5 has a coaxial feed screw 19 and a rear outlet having a charging shaft 20 for the gasification material in the front inlet zone. A discharge shaft 21 is provided in the zone for solids such as dry gas and coke, charcoal, bed material and inert components, the discharge shaft being fed to a conveyor device such as a feed screw 10 leading to a second gasification step. Gasification plant, characterized in that connected. 29. Gasification according to any one of claims 18 to 28, wherein the discharge shaft (21) is connected with the conveyor device or the feed screw (10) with the cellular wheel sledge (22) as an intermediate linkage. plant. 30. The tubular gasifier 5 according to any one of claims 18 to 29 has a feed port for exhaust gas and / or air and for layer material in the inlet zone for the gasification material 1. 23) a gasification plant characterized in that it is provided. 31. The tubular gasifier 5 is provided with a gasifier supply port for a gasifier 1 coaxial with, for example, a feed tube 24 in the rear section. Gasification plant, characterized in that. 32. The gasification of any one of claims 18 to 31, wherein the tubular gasifier 5 is provided with an exhaust gas supply port 25 in the start zone and an exhaust gas outlet 26 in the rear zone. plant. 33. A gasification plant according to any one of claims 18 to 27 and 29 to 32, characterized in that the tubular gasifier (5) is provided with a dry gas outlet (27) in the starting zone. 34. Gasification plant according to any one of claims 18 to 33, characterized in that the drying step (31) with steam circuit (32) precedes the degassing reaction apparatus (2).