KR20000032736A - Heat medium boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A heat-mediated boiler is provided to enhance the efficiency of a boiler by smoothly promoting gas combustion, to minimize the generation of noxious material and to reduce the height of a gas flue. CONSTITUTION: A sufficient amount of fuel is introduced into a fuel reservoir(12), and a proper amount of fuel flows into an incineration chamber(11) of an incinerator(10). Air is mixed with gasoline in a fuel tank(T) to be ignited if electric power is supplied to a burner(15). Then, the fuel is ignited in the incineration chamber. A safety valve(21) is automatically opened to discharge flowing-backward gas to a gas flue(53) forcibly when the gas flows backward. The incineration chamber keeps its indoor temperature about 950-1100°C and incinerates the fuel, and the burner keeps its temperature about 850°C to operate automatically.

Description

Heating medium boiler

The present invention relates to a thermal medium boiler, and more particularly, to smoothly promote the combustion action during incineration of fuel to improve efficiency, minimize the generation of harmful substances, and also lower the height of the flue (also called 'chimney'). It is about a new type of heating medium boiler that makes it possible.

At present, the world, including Korea, is experiencing a lot of difficulties with waste disposal. This is because a lot of effort, expense, and additional facilities are required for the disposal of garbage.

In Korea alone, industrial wastes and general household wastes are increasing year by year, but there are some side effects, such as the inter-regional interests are intertwined to deal with the industrial wastes and general household wastes.

In general, about 80% of industrial wastes and general household wastes can be incinerated, but they are being discarded as they are due to the lack of sorting and incineration equipment, and each year, the increasing amount of waste leads to serious social problems. .

The waste treatment methods known to date are mainly applied to the landfill method, but due to the lack of landfills, illegal landfilling of waste is becoming common, and the illegal landfilling of Korea is suffering from wastes.

As such, in order to solve various problems caused by landfilling of wastes, there are attempts to reduce various damages caused by various wastes, as the technology of selecting and incineration of only wasteable incineration among industrial wastes and general household wastes is partially known. It is not widely used because it does not overcome the disadvantage that requires a lot of cost for incineration of waste.

Incinerators are an essential element in such waste incineration systems, and incinerators are known to be installed with various components added to reduce harmful substances.

In recent years, combustible wastes such as waste paper, food waste, waste fiber, waste rubber, food containers, and synthetic resin products such as vinyl or plastics have been collected, shredded, dried and concentrated, among industrial and general household wastes. And a technique for high-calorie solid fuelization through a compression process is known.

As mentioned above, the technology of making a part of industrial waste and general household waste into high-calorie solid fuel is a useful technology that can contribute not only to waste disposal but also to recycling of resources and industrial development. It is expected to bring innovation.

The essential conditions for solid fuels processed and molded from waste as part of energy conversion from widely used fossil fuels are high calorific value, low water content, uniform components, low air pollution, and It may be used in a solid fuel furnace, but the most difficult problem to solve is to prevent the increase of air pollution caused by the large mixing of plastic and harmful components.

However, incinerators used indispensably for the treatment of industrial wastes and general household wastes according to the prior art have been devoting much effort to promote combustion and minimize the occurrence of harmful substances.

In other words, incinerators which are generally widely used in the prior art are burned by using general air mixed with nitrogen and oxygen, and the nitrogen contained in the air does not smoothly burn the waste and thus the combustion efficiency of the waste. There was a disadvantage of not raising this.

In addition, a cyclone was provided for the removal of harmful substances, and a relatively heavy hazardous substance was attempted to be removed. However, a relatively light hazardous substance was released into the atmosphere together with exhaust gas, and thus, a substantial harmful substance reduction effect was not obtained. In addition, by removing the harmful substances such as cyclones, such as the role of the height of the year to at least 6 ~ 8m, there was a disadvantage that occupies a lot of height space.

In addition, the existing incinerator only performs the incineration function of the waste, but can not be used for other purposes, for example, if a heat source is required in a solid fuel production system, a separate heat source device must be additionally installed. There were a number of problems.

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide a heat medium boiler that can further improve combustion efficiency with the continuous supply of clean oxygen.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat medium boiler capable of maximally suppressing the generation of harmful substances during incineration.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a thermal medium boiler to lower the height of the clean oxygen to increase the space utilization.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a heat medium boiler which can be usefully used in a solidified fuel production system using industrial waste and general household waste.

1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the heat medium boiler according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional view showing the incineration means constituting the heat medium boiler according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the dust collecting means constituting the heat medium boiler according to the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

10; Incinerator 11; Incineration space

12; Fuel reservoir 13; Fuel supply pipe

14; Fuel metering feeder 15; burner

16; Air jet nozzles 17; Inner tube

18; Outer cylinder 19; discharge pipe

20; Steam distribution valve 21; Reverse explosion prevention safety valve

22; Safety valve 31; Coolant tank

32; Duct 33; Cyclone

34; Cooling and hot air pipes 35; cover

36; Cooling air intake pipe 37; Slaked lime spray nozzle

38; Cooling water spray nozzles 39; Inner tube

40; Outer cylinder 41; Exhaust pipe

42; Blower fan 43; Hot air supply pipe

44; Clean oxygen filter 45; Safety valve

51; Exhaust gas exhaust pipe 52; Blower fan

53; Year 54; Ceramic catalytic filter

55; Demister filter 56; Exhaust gas measuring instrument

In order to achieve the object of the present invention as described above, incineration means for incineration of fuel made of flammable waste or combustible waste and clean oxygen is supplied therein, and hot air by heat exchange action of exhaust gas and cooling water discharged from the incineration means. Dust collection means for generating and collecting various harmful substances contained in exhaust gas by weight difference, clean oxygen supply means for supplying clean oxygen to the incineration means, and exhaust gas passing through the dust collection means again and again. After filtering over, there is provided a heat medium boiler comprising an exhaust gas discharge means for releasing to the outside.

The incineration means includes an incinerator having a predetermined incineration space formed therein and standing at a predetermined height, a fuel storage tank for supplying fuel made of waste or waste into the incinerator, a burner for heating the incinerator, and It is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of air injection nozzle which is fixed toward the incineration space in the incinerator to supply clean oxygen.

It is characterized in that the fuel reservoir is provided with a fuel metering supply for supplying the quantity of fuel to the incineration space of the incinerator.

The incinerator is composed of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, and cooling water is filled between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder to prevent overheating of the incinerator and to configure hot water.

The dust collecting means includes a cyclone connected to be connected to the outlet side of the incineration means, a coolant tank coupled in a form surrounding the cyclone and filled with coolant between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, between the coolant tank and the cyclone. Cooling and hot air pipe wound spirally to the suction pipe, the suction pipe connected to the upper end of the cooling and hot air pipe to suck the cooling air, a lime water spray nozzle for sucking and injecting the slaked lime and a cooling water spray nozzle for sucking and spraying the coolant Characterized in that configured.

The clean oxygen supply means uses the hot air generated from the dust collecting means, and according to one embodiment of the clean oxygen supply means, a discharge pipe for discharging the hot wind generated from the dust collecting means, and installed at the end of the discharge pipe to cool And a blowing means for forcibly discharging the hot wind discharged to the hot wind pipe, a plurality of hot wind supply pipes respectively connecting the outlet side of the blowing means and a plurality of air injection nozzles installed in the incinerator, and an outlet side of the blowing means. It is characterized in that it comprises a clean oxygen filter of fine particles for filtering particles larger than oxygen and passing only clean oxygen.

The exhaust gas discharge means includes an exhaust gas discharge pipe for guiding the exhaust gas generated inside the cooling water tank, blower means installed at an end of the exhaust gas discharge pipe to forcibly suck and blow the internal exhaust gas of the cyclone; A flue connected to the outlet side of the blowing means, a ceramic catalyst filter installed at a predetermined portion of the exhaust gas discharge pipe to filter harmful gas and dust, and finally at a predetermined portion of the flue to filter dust and soot It is configured to include a demister filter, characterized in that the height of the flue is formed as low as 3 ~ 4m.

Hereinafter, the heat medium boiler according to the present invention will be described according to the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the heat medium boiler according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the incineration means constituting the heat medium boiler according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a dust collecting constituting the heat medium boiler according to the present invention It is sectional drawing which shows a means, and FIG. 4 is sectional drawing along the AA line of FIG.

As shown in the drawing, the heat medium boiler according to the present invention includes an incineration means for incinerating fuel at high heat, a dust collecting means for collecting harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas generated in the incineration means, and a clean incineration means. Clean oxygen supply means for supplying oxygen, and exhaust gas discharge means for releasing the exhaust gas passing through the dust collecting means to the outside.

The incineration means has an incinerator 10 having a predetermined incineration space 11 formed therein and standing at a predetermined height, a fuel reservoir 12 installed at one side of the incinerator 10, and the fuel reservoir 12 ) And a fuel supply pipe 13 connecting the incineration space 11 of the incinerator 10, and installed in the lower portion of the fuel storage tank 12 to instruct the incineration of the incinerator 10 through the fuel supply pipe 13. The fuel metering unit 14 to be supplied to the space 11, a burner 15 connected to the outer wall of the incinerator 10, and a plurality of fixed portions fixed to the incineration space 11 inside the incinerator 10. Air injection nozzles 16 are included.

The incinerator 10 is composed of an inner cylinder 17 and an outer cylinder 18, and the cooling water W is filled between the inner cylinder 17 and the outer cylinder 18, as shown in FIG. Cooling water (W) is to be continuously supplied by the cooling water pump (P), the cooling water (W) serves to prevent the incinerator 10 is damaged due to overheating, and also the initial cooling water (W) Although the temperature of the low but the heated water is to be discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 19 formed in the lower portion of the incinerator 10 to be used in drying plastic houses, bathrooms, agricultural and aquatic products.

In addition, a steam distribution valve 20 is connected to an upper portion of the incinerator 10 for storing or distributing steam generated by the heating of the cooling water W, and through the steam distribution valve 20. The discharged steam can be used for other purposes as well as the hot water described above.

The air injection nozzle 16 serves to promote combustion by supplying clean oxygen at a constant pressure.

And, the predetermined portion of the incinerator 10 is provided with an anti-explosion safety valve 21, when the gas flows back when the ignition is automatically opened, the flue of the exhaust gas discharge means for describing the reverse flow gas described later By discharging, safety accidents were prevented.

The burner 15 is connected to the fuel tank T, and serves to ignite by mixing air and light oil during ignition of the fuel, and after the ignition ignition is maintained at a constant temperature, for example, a temperature of 850 ℃ It is digested automatically.

The temperature of the incineration space 11 is maintained at about 950 ℃ ~ 1100 ℃ temperature to incinerate the fuel.

In addition, the predetermined portion of the incinerator 10 is provided with a safety valve 22 to automatically open when the pressure occurs in the thermal medium boiler to reduce the pressure.

On the other hand, the dust collecting means is the cooling water tank 31 is installed at a predetermined interval with the incinerator 10, the cooling water tank 31 is stored in the interior of the incinerator 10 and the duct 32 is installed The cyclone 33 and the cooling and hot air pipes 34 spirally wound between the cooling water tank 31 and the cyclone 33 are included.

The cover 35, which is covered at the upper portion of the cooling water tank 31, is connected with a cooling air intake tube 36, and the cooling air intake tube 36 is not shown in detail in the drawing, but the cooling and hot air pipes 34 are not shown. Is connected to the upper end of the, the external cooling air is configured to be sucked into the cooling and hot air pipe 34.

In the upper portion of the cooling water tank 31, the cover 35 is combined with a slaked lime spray nozzle 37 for vacuum suction and injection of slaked lime and a coolant spray nozzle 38 for sucking and spraying coolant with a pump toward the inside.

In addition, the clean oxygen supply means is preferably connected to the lower end of the cooling and hot air pipe (34).

In other words, in the hot air discharged from the outlet of the cooling and hot air pipe 34, nitrogen, which is relatively large in the particles, is filtered to supply only clean oxygen to the inside of the incinerator 10.

Looking at the technical configuration, the discharge pipe 41 is connected to the lower end of the cooling and hot air pipe 34 and the hot air is installed at the end of the discharge pipe 41 and discharged to the cooling and hot air pipe 34 A blowing fan 42 forcibly discharging, a plurality of hot wind supply pipes 43 respectively connecting the outlet side of the blowing fan 42 and the plurality of air injection nozzles 16, and the blowing fan 42 And a clean oxygen filter 44 of fine particles which are provided at the outlet side of the filter) to filter particles larger than oxygen, such as nitrogen, and pass only clean oxygen.

Although the pipe 43 for supplying hot air is shown connected to the air jet nozzle 16 only in some cases, it is actually connected to each air jet nozzle 16.

Like the incinerator 10, the coolant tank 31 is composed of an inner cylinder 39 and an outer cylinder 40, and the cooling water W is filled between the inner cylinder 39 and the outer cylinder 40. (W) is made to be able to supply continuously by cooling water pump (P).

The coolant (W) filled in the coolant tank 31 is also initially low in temperature, but later increases in temperature toward the lower side, so that the hot water becomes hot water, and the hot water can also be used for drying a plastic house, a bathroom, and aquatic products. .

Reference numeral 45 in the figure shows a safety valve that serves to lower the pressure by automatically opening the inner wall of the cyclone 33 when the pressure is generated.

In addition, the exhaust gas discharge means is provided in the exhaust gas discharge pipe 51 for guiding the exhaust gas generated in the cooling water tank 31, and the end of the exhaust gas discharge pipe 51, cyclone 33 And a blower fan 52 for forcibly sucking and blowing the internal exhaust gas, and a flue 53 (also referred to as a "chimney") connected to the outlet side of the blower fan 52.

A predetermined portion of the inlet side of the exhaust gas discharge pipe 51 is provided with a ceramic catalyst filter 54 for filtering harmful gas and powder.

As described above, the flue 53 is connected to communicate with the anti-explosion valve 21 of the incinerator 10, and at the top, a defrost filter 55 for filtering dust and soot is finally installed. have.

The mist filter 55 is made of stainless steel and is formed of a fine mesh.

In addition, an exhaust gas measuring instrument 56 which collects various exhaust gases adjacent to the demister filter 55 is provided.

The flue 53 does not need to be formed as high as in the conventional case because it more completely blocks the harmful substances from the front, and may be formed equal to or lower than the height of the overall heat medium boiler. Best of all, about 3 to 4 meters.

Referring to the operation of the heat medium boiler according to the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

First, a sufficient amount of fuel is placed in the fuel reservoir 12. The fuel is flammable waste or uses fuel made from flammable waste.

In the case where a solid fuel production system using combustible waste is installed among industrial waste and general household waste, it is preferable to use fuel produced by the production system.

Subsequently, the fuel quantity feeder 14 inputs the quantity of fuel to the incineration cavity 11 of the incinerator 10.

On the other hand, when the power is supplied to the burner 15, the air is mixed with the light oil supplied from the fuel tank T to ignite the fuel, and the fuel is burned in the incineration space 11 of the incinerator 10 by the ignition operation. Incinerated.

At this time, when the gas flows back during the initial ignition of the burner 15, the reverse explosion prevention safety valve 21 is automatically opened to forcibly discharge the backflow gas into the flue 53.

The internal temperature of the incineration space 11 is to burn the fuel while maintaining the 950 ℃ ~ 1100 ℃ degree, the burner 15 is automatically extinguished when maintained at about 850 ℃.

When incineration of the fuel as described above, the cooling water (W) flows between the inner cylinder 17 and the outer cylinder 18 of the incinerator 10, thereby preventing overheating of the incinerator 10 by the cooling water (W). Cooling water (W) raised to a predetermined temperature is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 19 can be used for drying the vinyl house, bathroom, agricultural and marine products, etc., in the steam distribution valve 20 installed in the upper portion of the incinerator 10 It can be stored in the form of steam or used for other purposes through a predetermined route, like hot water.

Inside the incinerator 10 according to the present invention as described above, the clean oxygen is sufficiently supplied through the plurality of air injection nozzles 16 to promote combustion, thereby improving efficiency.

The action on the supply of clean oxygen will be described later.

Meanwhile, in the incineration space 11 of the incinerator 10, an exhaust gas generated by incineration of fuel is generated, and the exhaust gas flows into the cyclone 33 through the duct 32.

At this time, the cooling water (W) flows inside the cooling water tank (31) surrounding the cyclone (33) and the cooling air sucked through the cooling air suction pipe (36) inside the cooling and hot air pipes (34). Will flow.

Therefore, due to the high temperature exhaust gas flowing into the cyclone 33, the temperature of the cooling water W of the cooling water tank 31 and the cooling air of the cooling and hot air pipes 34 are increased by heat exchange, respectively, Towards the temperature of the cooling water (W) increases and is discharged to the outside as hot water. The hot water can be used to dry the plastic house, bath, agricultural and aquatic products, such as hot water and steam in the incinerator 10 described above, and the cooling air also becomes higher in temperature toward the lower side.

Thereafter, the cooling fan 42 is driven by the cooling fan 42 and is forced to discharge the hot air flowing through the inside of the hot air pipe 34. Since the clean oxygen filter 44 is installed at the outlet side of the blowing fan 42, As the hot air passes through the clean oxygen filter 44, large particles such as nitrogen are filtered out and only relatively small particles of clean oxygen pass through the air injection nozzle 16 into the incinerator 10 to completely burn the harmful gas. It is to be made.

Meanwhile, while the exhaust gas is introduced into the cyclone 33, the slaked lime and the coolant are injected through the slaked lime spray nozzle 37 and the coolant spray nozzle 38. Toxic substances are neutralized by slaked lime and at the same time, when the hot exhaust gas comes into contact with cold cooling water, the weight becomes heavy, and the cyclone 33 falls down and is collected.

In addition, the exhaust gas from which the relatively harmful substances have been removed is discharged through the exhaust gas discharge pipe 51 by driving the blower fan 52. At this time, the ceramic catalyst filter 54 is located at the inlet side of the exhaust gas discharge pipe 51. Since is installed, the harmful gas and dust contained in the exhaust gas is filtered again, the exhaust gas discharged through the flue 53 is finally passed through the demister filter 55 to filter out the remaining dust and smoke. .

The flue 53 may be formed to be equal to or lower than the height of the heat medium boiler by about 3 to 4 m by more completely removing various harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas several times in the dust collecting means.

The heat medium boiler according to the present invention as described above can be applied to a solid fuel system using waste described above, and hot air can be used in a series of drying processes for producing solid fuel, and a part of the fuel of the heat medium boiler is produced during the production of the waste. Can be used as

The thermal medium boiler according to the present invention as described above is not limited to the embodiments described in the detailed description. Accordingly, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the inventive concept of the claims of this invention and its dependent claims.

As described above, the heat medium boiler according to the present invention is characterized by incineration means for burning a fuel made of flammable waste or combustible waste and supplying clean oxygen to the inside, and heat exchange action of exhaust gas and cooling water discharged from the incineration means. Dust collection means for generating hot air and collecting various harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas by weight difference, clean oxygen supply means for supplying clean oxygen to the incineration means, and exhaust gas passing through the dust collection means can be recovered. After filtering in turn, the exhaust gas discharge means is discharged to the outside air to improve combustion efficiency through continuous supply of clean oxygen, and to minimize the generation of harmful substances during incineration, and to increase the height of the year. Lower space to increase space utilization. In addition, there are various effects, such as useful in the solidified fuel production system using industrial waste and general household waste.

Claims (9)

Incineration means for incineration of waste or fuel made of waste, and injecting clean oxygen into the inside, generating hot air through heat exchange between the exhaust gas and the cooling water discharged from the incineration means, and weighting various harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas Dust collecting means for collecting the difference, clean oxygen supply means for supplying clean oxygen to the incineration means, and exhaust gas discharge means for releasing the outside gas after filtering the exhaust gas past the dust collecting means again and again, Heating medium boiler, characterized in that configured to include. According to claim 1, wherein the incineration means is a incinerator having a predetermined incineration space is formed therein, the fuel storage tank for supplying fuel made of waste or waste into the incinerator, and heating the incinerator And a plurality of air injection nozzles fixed to the incineration space inside the incinerator to supply clean oxygen. 3. The heat medium boiler according to claim 2, further comprising a fuel metering supply for supplying the fuel reservoir to the incineration space of the incinerator. 3. The heat medium boiler according to claim 2, wherein the incinerator is composed of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, and a cooling water is filled between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder to prevent overheating of the incinerator and to utilize hot water. The method of claim 1, wherein the dust collecting means is a cyclone connected to be connected to the outlet side of the incineration means, the cooling water tank is coupled to form a wrap around the cyclone and the cooling water is filled between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the cooling water Cooling and hot air pipe spirally wound between the tank and the cyclone, a suction pipe connected to the upper end of the cooling and hot air pipe to suck cooling air, and a hydrated lime spray nozzle and coolant to suck and spray slaked lime Heating medium boiler comprising a cooling water spray nozzle to make. The heating medium boiler according to claim 2, wherein the clean oxygen supply means uses hot air generated from the dust collecting means. According to claim 6, wherein the clean oxygen supply means is a discharge pipe for discharging the hot air generated from the dust collecting means, blowing means for forcibly discharging the hot air is installed at the end of the discharge pipe and discharged to the cooling and hot air pipe, A plurality of hot air supply pipes respectively connecting the outlet side of the blowing means and the plurality of air injection nozzles installed in the incinerator, and the fine particles installed at the outlet side of the blowing means to filter particles larger than oxygen and pass only clean oxygen. A heat medium boiler comprising a clean oxygen filter. The exhaust gas discharging unit of claim 5, wherein the exhaust gas discharging unit is installed at an end of the exhaust gas discharge pipe for guiding the exhaust gas generated in the cooling water tank and the exhaust gas discharge pipe to forcibly suck the internal exhaust gas of the cyclone. A blowing means for blowing, a flue connected to the outlet side of the blowing means, a ceramic catalyst filter installed at a predetermined portion of the exhaust gas discharge pipe and filtering harmful gas and dust, and a predetermined last portion of the flue. Heating medium boiler comprising a dedusting filter for filtering dust and soot. 9. The heating medium boiler according to claim 8, wherein the flue is 3 to 4 m in height.